螺旋CT三维胆道成像对腹腔镜胆囊切除术前胆道结构评估的研究

目的 探讨螺旋CT三维胆道成像在腹腔镜胆囊切除术前对胆道结构的评估.方法 回顾性分析2009年5月-2012年4月胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者60例,先行内镜下逆行胰胆管造影、内镜下乳头括约肌切开术及内镜下鼻胆引流术,通过鼻胆引流管行螺旋CT三维胆道成像,评价螺旋CT 三维胆道成像图像质量,了解胆道树结构,再行腹腔镜胆囊切除术.结果 螺旋CT三维胆道成像60例,胆总管、肝总管、左右肝管显影60例,显影率100％,胆囊管显影45例,显影率为75％,可清晰显示胆囊管的走行及汇入胆总管的位置.结论 螺旋CT 三维胆道成像可清晰显示胆道树结构,尤其是胆囊管的走行,为腹腔镜胆囊切除术中判断胆道树结构及胆囊管走行,防止胆道损伤有一定的指导意义.     

术前螺旋CT三维胆道成像对胆道损伤的预防作用

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术前螺旋CT三维胆道成像对胆道损伤的预防作用.方法 回顾性分析2007年7月至2009年6月期间,胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的患者30例,先行内镜下乳头括约肌切开术取出胆总管结石,通过鼻胆引流管行螺旋CT三维胆道成像,之后行腹腔镜胆囊切除术,评价螺旋CT三维胆道成像对胆道损伤的预防作用.结果 螺旋CT三维胆道成像胆总管、肝总管、左右肝管显影率100%,胆囊管显影率为73%,可清晰显示胆囊管的走行及汇入胆总管的位置,所有患者未发生胆道损伤.结论 腹腔镜胆囊切除术前行螺旋CT三维胆道成像可以减少术中胆道损伤.     

64层螺旋CT胆道三维重建技术协助胆道梗阻的术前评估

目的 研究64层CT胆道三维重建(spiral CT cholangiograply,SCTC)在胆道梗阻中的运用价值和优缺点.方法 对20例胆道梗阻患者,包括肝门部胆管癌8例,肝内外胆管结石6例,胰头肿物4例,胆管狭窄2例进行SCTC检查,了解胆道树成像的图像质量以及对梗阻性质判断的准确率.结果 8例肝门部胆管癌中6例患者得到较完美的胆道树成像,2例患者胆道树部分显影.7例患者的Bismuth-Corlette分型与手术探查一致.4例胰头肿物、2例胆管狭窄、1例胆总管结石的患者术前SCTC均能得到较完美的胆道树成像,能准确提示梗阻的部位和病因.5例复杂的左右肝内胆管结石患者,虽能正确提示肝内外胆管结石的分布和位置,但难以得到较完美的胆道树成像.结论 SCTC可作为除复杂左右肝内结石外的胆道梗阻患者的术前评估的常规方法,其运用价值值得进一步的研究和分析.     

胆道梗阻59例的ERCP与MRCP对比分析

我们探讨内镜逆行性胆胰管造影(endoscopicretrogradecholangio pancreatography ,ERCP)与磁共振胆胰管成像术(magneticresonancecholangiopancreato graphy ,MRCP)对胆道梗阻患者诊断与治疗方面的价值。资料与方法1.一般资料:收集2 0 0 0～2 0 0 2年间同时具备ERCP与MRCP资料的胆道梗阻性疾病的临床资料5 9例。男34例,女2 5例;年龄34～90岁,中位年龄6 2岁。本组主要临床症状为腹痛、发热和黄疸。胆管炎2 3例,占39% ,胆源性胰腺炎2 7例,占4 6 %。胆红素8～4 2 0mmol/L(平均6 3mmol/L) ,碱性磷酸酶185～12 5 8IU/L(平均5 6 2IU/L)…     

内镜逆行胆胰管造影与磁共振胆胰管成像在胆系梗阻性疾病中的应用比较

磁共振胆胰管成像（magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography,MRCP)是一种非介入性胆胰管成像技术,由于不需应用对比剂,无创伤及图像清晰等优点,更具有实用价值。尽管经内镜逆行胰胆管造影（ＥＲＣＰ）检查有一定的并发症和危险性,但其对胆胰管疾病的临床诊断和介入治疗价值已众所周知。我们对４２例肝外胆道梗阻疾病人ＭＲＣＰ与ＥＲＣＰ的对照比较报道如下。     

磁共振胆胰管成像诊断胆道梗阻性疾病的价值

目的：结合临床探讨磁共振胆胰管成像技术（MRCP）在诊断胆道梗阻性疾病时的价值。方法：回顾性总结74例胆道梗阻性疾病患者MRCP检查结果，并结合临床进行对照分析。结果：MRCP对胆道梗阻性疾病的定位正确率97％；对良性胆道梗阻性疾病的定性诊断率82％，恶性胆道梗阻性疾病的定性诊断率85％。结论：MRCP对胆道梗阻性疾病有较高的定性和定性正确率，并可部分替代ERCP作用。     

十二指肠镜联合腹腔镜治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石

目的 探讨螺旋CT三维胆道成像联合内镜下逆行胆胰管造影(ERCP)、内镜Oddi括约肌切开取石术(EST)与腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)对胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的治疗作用.方法 回顾性分析2007年7月至2009年6月期间,应用螺旋CT三维胆道成像联合十二指肠镜及腹腔镜治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者30例的方法与经验.并与...     

多层面螺旋CT胆道造影成像临床应用评价

目的 评价多层面螺旋CT胆道造影各种成像方法的临床价值，分析不同成像方法对诊断胆系疾病的优势与限度。方法 对47例B超诊断胆系疾病而多层面螺旋CT常规检查无异常者，行多层面螺旋CT胆道造影成像检查，将原始资源图像在工作站上行后处理成像，对后处理图像诊断结果与手术及胆道镜结果进行对照，比较各种后处理图像的诊断价值。结果 多层面螺旋CT胆道造影成功成像45例，诊断胆系结石31例，多层面螺旋CT仿真内窥镜对胆系结石特异度、敏感度均最高，诊断胆总管炎、胆管癌各3例，各种成像方法诊断价值相似。胆囊息肉3例仅CT仿真内窥镜能做出正确诊断。B超诊断异常者5例，多层面螺旋cT胆道造影未见异常。结论 多层面螺旋CT仿真内窥镜，透过性X线投影法及多层面重建为有价值的后处理成像方法，多层面重建适于观察胆道管壁，对各种胆道疾病均有诊断价值，仿真内窥镜显示管腔内结构优于其它各种方法。     

十二指肠镜联合腹腔镜治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石

Objective To summarize the curative effect of three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography combined with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP),endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)and laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)for treatment of patients with cholelithiasts concurrent with choledocholithiasis.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out for 30 cases of cholelithiasts concurrent with choledocholithiasis which were treated with ERCP and three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography before laparoscopic cholecystectomy from July 2007 to June 2009.And the post operation parameters were compared with those of 36 patients who received traditional operation from July 2005 to June 2007.Results All the procedures were successfully accomplished.Complication occurred in 2 cases.both with mild acute pancreatitis.With the three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography,the intra-hepatic bile ducts,the hepatic bile duct and the common bile duct were visible in 100 percent patients,and choleeyst bile duct was visible in 73%patients,and three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography can tell the position of cholecyst duct,then can decrease the possibility of damage of bile duct.The gastrointestinal function recovery time and feeding time after operation,the in hospital time after operation in the ERCP and three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography before laparoscopic cholecystectomy group were superior to those of the traditional operation patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion ERCP and three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography before laparoscopic cholecystectomy for treatment of patients with cholelithiasts concurrent with choledocholithiasis is safe,with less trauma and fast recover after operation and Can decrease the possibility of damaging bile duct,which can be used widely.     

核磁共振胆胰管成像对诊断胆道梗阻疾病的价值

目的 探讨核磁共振胆胰管成像（ＭＲＣＰ）对胆道梗阻疾病的临床诊断价值。方法 对２１例结石、壶腹肿瘤、胰头癌,胆管癌及肝外胆管外压病人进行ＭＲＣＰ,并对照手术病理结果及部分ＥＲＣＰ结果分析。结果（１）因梗阻部位和程度不同,ＭＲＣＰ对胆胰管各部的显示率为８５．９￣１００％;（２）扩张胆管多表现为枯枝样、软藤样、腊肠样;（３）梗阻端呈倒杯口状、截断状、乳头状、串珠状鼠尾样;（４）本组ＭＲＣＰ定位诊断率为     

A new technique to assist in difficult bile duct cannulation at the time of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: At the time of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, deep cannulation of the bile duct is a prerequisite to be able to provide endoscopic therapy. We describe a simple technique to assist in difficult bile duct cannulation. METHODS: If the pancreatic duct is easily entered but the bile duct cannot be accessed, a guidewire is advanced into the pancreatic duct, and the cannulating catheter is removed leaving the tip of the wire in the mid pancreatic duct. Alongside the pancreatic wire, a catheter, preloaded with a second wire, is advanced via the channel of the endoscope. With the first wire in the pancreatic duct, the second wire is advanced above it in the anticipated bile duct axis. RESULTS: We have used this technique in 12 cases and succeeded in 10. No complications occurred. DISCUSSION: Inserting a pancreatic wire can assist in bile duct cannulation, by straightening and stabilizing the papilla. The use of this new technique can reduce the need for precut sphincterotomy, with its inherent increased risks of pancreatitis, bleeding, and perforation. The approach proposed by us can assist in any difficult bile duct cannulation, but it can be particularly useful when dealing with a papilla that is very prominent with a tortuous intraduodenal segment or a papilla located in a duodenal diverticulum.     

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目的 评价磁共振胰胆管成像（ＭＲＣＰ）在胆道疾病中的临床诊断价值。方法 采用ＧＥ０．５Ｔｅｓｌａ超导ＶｅｃｒｔａⅡ磁共振机,体线圈。用重Ｔ２ＭＲ水成像技术ＭＲ胰胆管造影１３１例。其中３２例为正常组,其余９９例为临床拟诊胰胆管疾病者。并对照手术经结果进行分析。结果 ＭＲＣＰ定位诊断率达１００％,定性诊断率为８５．９％。此技术可清楚显示胰胆管的形态,展示各种胆道疾病的异常改变,诊断正确性高。结论 ＭＲ     

Malignant papillomatosis of the common bile duct

Summary Bile duct papillomatosis is a rare entity with a high risk of malignant change. We report the case of a 60-year-old man with malignant papillomatosis of the distal common bile duct and a separate carcinoma of ampulla of Vater. The patient had previously undergone surgery for acute cholecystitis and common bile duct calculi. Three months later the patient developed jaundice and fever. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography demonstrated multiple filling defects adherent to the wall of the distal common bile duct. Pancreatoduodenectomy was performed with complete resection of the extrahepatic bile duct. Histologic examination showed a multicentric papillary adenocarcinoma of the common bile duct associated with an adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. The resection margins were free of tumor.     

Cost-effective management of common bile duct stones

Background: There are a variety of approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of common bile duct (CBD) stones in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods: Decision modeling was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of four strategies for managing CBD stones around the time of LC: (a) routine preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (preoperative ERCP), (b) LC with intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), followed by laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCDE), (c) LC with IOC, followed by ERCP (postoperative ERCP), and (d) expectant management (LC without any tests for CBD stones). Local hospital data were used to estimate costs. Cost-effectiveness was expressed in terms of the cost per case of residual CBD stones prevented (in excess of the cost of LC alone). Diagnostic test characteristics, procedure success rates, and adverse event probabilities were derived from a systematic review of the literature. Sensitivity analysis was used to explore the effect of uncertainty on the results of the model. Results: LC alone was the least costly strategy, but it was also the least effective. Of the more aggressive strategies, LCDE and preoperative ERCP were associated with marginal costs of $5993.60 and $299,259.35, respectively, per case of residual CBD stones prevented. Postoperative ERCP was more costly and less effective than LCDE, but it had a lower cost-effectiveness ratio than preoperative ERCP when the prevalence of CBD stones was < 80%. CONCLUSIONS: COMPARED TO OTHER COMMON APPROACHES, LAPAROSCOPIC CBD EXPLORATION IS A COST-EFFECTIVE METHOD OF MANAGING CBD STONES IN PATIENTS WHO UNDERGO LC. IF EXPERTISE IN LCDE IS UNAVAILABLE, SELECTIVE POSTOPERATIVE ERCP IS PREFERRED OVER ROUTINE PREOPERATIVE ERCP, UNLESS THE PROBABILITY OF CBD STONES IS VERY HIGH (>80%).     

64排螺旋CT胆道成像对梗阻性黄疸诊断的临床价值

目的 探讨64排螺旋CT增强扫描胆道成像对梗阻性黄疸的临床诊断价值.方法 选择2008年5月至2010年5月期间住院的295例梗阻性黄疸患者,应用64排螺旋CT进行中上腹部的常规及增强扫描,同时行三维胆系重建成像,对胆道梗阻的原因进行定位和定性诊断,并与手术所见及术后病理结果进行对比.结果 181例胆总管结石患者,除3例阴性结石未显示外,其余178例术前64排螺旋CT增强扫描胆道图像重建均清晰显示结石所在,定位定性诊断准确率达98.34%.14例肝胆管结石症及3例急性胆源性胰腺炎患者均得到正确定位及定性诊断,诊断准确率达100%.87例胆管肿瘤或壶腹部肿瘤,86例64排螺旋CT增强扫描术前准确定位,定位诊断准确率达98.85%,81例患者得到正确定位及定性诊断,定性诊断准确率达91.95%.结论 64排螺旋CT增强扫描胆道成像对梗阻性黄疸诊断成像清晰,定位定性诊断准确,值得临床进一步研究应用.     

引流管胆道造影后多层CT检查胆道重建技术的临床应用

目的探讨多层CT胆道造影（MSCTC）在梗阻性黄疸患者术前综合评价中的应用价值。方法20例梗阻性黄疸患者术前进行了经皮肝胆管造影（PTC）或内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）置管，全部病例实施了MSCTC扫描，对图像进行了多平面重建（MPR）、容积再现（VR）、最大密度投影（MIP）及血管探针技术（VP）处理，判断胆道情况并与术中术后结果进行对照。结果20例患者中，MPR病因诊断准确率为100％。对于胆道一级分支受累的胆管癌患者VR、MIP、VP均能准确判断。VR、MIP、VP对于肝内外胆管结石患者诊断基本正确。胰头肿物以及胆管狭窄患者术前MSCTC后处理技术均能得到较完美的胆树成像。结论MSCTC可作为术前全面评价梗阻陛黄疸患者的一种可靠检查方法。