用HPLC法考察甲磺酸培氟沙星在输液中的稳定性

目的:研究甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液与硫酸庆大霉素注射液、氧哌嗪青霉素粉针、青霉素粉针、ATP注射液、维生素C注射液、维生素B6注射液、利巴韦林注射液七种临床常用注射液在5%葡萄糖溶液中配伍后的稳定性.方法:在室温下(25±1℃)放置2h,观察甲磺酸培氟沙星配伍后,其物理性状变化、pH值的变化,同时以HPLC法测定甲磺酸培氟沙星的含量变化.结果:配伍后,其与硫酸庆大霉素注射液、青霉素粉针、维生素B6注射液、利巴韦林注射液在实验时间内各观测指标均无明显变化;而与氧哌嗪青霉素粉针、维生素B6注射液在2h时含量分别下降5.5%和5.65%.结论:甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液可与青霉素粉针、维生素B6注射液、利巴韦林注射液、硫酸庆大霉素注射液四种注射液配伍使用,建议最好不要与氧哌嗪青霉素粉针、维生素C注射液配伍使用.     

穿琥宁粉针剂与10种常用药物配伍的稳定性研究

目的研究穿琥宁粉针剂与临床常配伍使用的10种药物配伍后的稳定性。方法观察穿琥宁粉针剂与10种药物在室温下配伍后2h内外观、微粒、pH值和紫外吸收变化。结果穿琥宁粉针剂与奈替米星、环丙沙星、氨茶碱注射液及甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液、配伍后溶液呈乳白色,不溶性微粒显著增多;与维生素B6注射液配伍,配伍液外观无变化,但不溶性微粒显著增多;与维生素C、双黄连、利巴韦林、血塞通注射液及红花注射液配伍后变化不大。结论穿琥宁粉针剂不宜与氨茶碱注射液、维生素B6注射液、奈替米星注射液、环丙沙星注射剂及甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液配伍,可与其他5种注射剂配伍。     

甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液与利巴韦林注射液的配伍稳定性

目的 :观察甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液与利巴韦林注射液的配伍稳定性。方法 :采用紫外分光光度法 ,定时定量取样 ,在各自的λmax处测定其 A值 ,计算百分含量 ,判断两者配伍后的稳定性。结果 :将甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液及利巴韦林注射液同时加入生理盐水、复方氯化钠、5 %及 1 0 %葡萄糖、5 %葡萄糖氯化钠等输液中 ,在一定时间范围内是稳定的。结论 :甲磺酸培氟沙星与利巴韦林注射液在本实验条件下可以配伍应用于上述各输液中。     

氟罗沙星与7种注射剂配伍的稳定性研究

目的：考察10％氟罗沙星注射液与维生素C、维生素B6、地塞米松磷酸钠、西咪替丁、盐酸雷尼替丁、利巴韦林、阿昔洛韦7种常用注射剂配伍的稳定性,方法：在室温下模拟临床常用的浓度,观察10％氟罗沙星注射液与上述7种注射剂在5％葡萄糖注射液中配伍6h内的外观,PH值及氟罗沙星含量变化。结果：与注射用阿昔洛韦配,1h内有白色沉淀产生,氟罗沙星含量下降,与维生素C、维生素B6、利巴韦林,地塞米松,西咪替丁,雷尼替丁6种注射液配伍,6h内外观,PH值和氟罗沙星含量基本无变化,结论：氟罗沙星注射液不能与注射用阿昔洛韦配伍;与维生素C、维生素B6、利巴韦林、地塞米松,西咪替丁、雷尼替丁6种注射配伍稳定性较好。     

利巴韦林注射液与10种常用药物配伍的稳定性

目的：考察利巴韦林在50g／L葡萄糖注射液中分别与头孢唑啉钠、苯唑青霉素钠、乳糖酸红霉素、酒石酸柱晶白霉素、硫酸庆大霉素、硫酸阿米卡星、硫酸妥布霉素、维生素C、维生素B6、地塞米松等10种静脉注射药物配伍后的稳定性。方法：模拟临床用药操作,将50g／L葡萄糖注射液与利巴韦林混合,再按临床常用量分别将10种静脉药物加入到混合液中,放置0h,1h,2h后,观察各混合液的澄明度,测定pH和不溶性微粒数。结果：混合液外观澄明,pH闪药物性质不同而有所变化;≥25μm微粒数变化不大,个别配伍有少量发现;≥10μm微粒增加明显。但均符合药典规定。结论：利巴韦林与该10种常用药物可以配伍使用。     

注射用头孢替唑钠与其他6种注射液的配伍稳定性研究

目的:观察注射用头孢替唑钠与维生素B6、氨茶碱、利巴韦林、地塞米松、三磷酸腺苷和山莨菪碱注射液配伍的稳定性。方法:采用紫外分光光度法测定6h内配伍液中头孢替唑钠的含量,同时观察外观变化并测定pH值。结果:注射用头孢替唑钠与维生素B6、氨茶碱注射液配伍后发生显著变化,而与利巴韦林、地塞米松、三磷酸腺苷和山莨菪碱注射液配伍均无明显改变。结论:注射用头孢替唑钠不可与维生素B6、氨茶碱注射液配伍使用,可与利巴韦林、地塞米松、三磷酸腺苷和山莨菪碱注射液配伍使用。     

注射用头孢替唑钠与其他6种注射液的配伍稳定性研究

目的：观察注射用头孢替唑钠与维生素B6、氨茶碱、利巴韦林、地塞米松、三磷酸腺苷和山莨菪碱注射液配伍的稳定性。方法：采用紫外分光光度法测定6h内配伍液中头孢替唑钠的含量,同时观察外观变化并测定pH值。结果：注射用头孢替唑钠与维生素B6、氨茶碱注射液配伍后发生显著变化,而与利巴韦林、地塞米松、三磷酸腺苷和山莨菪碱注射液配伍均无明显改变。结论：注射用头孢替唑钠不可与维生素B6、氨茶碱注射液配伍使用,可与利巴韦林、地塞米松、三磷酸腺苷和山莨菪碱注射液配伍使用。     

甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液与木糖醇注射液配伍的稳定性探讨

目的:考察甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液和木糖醇注射液在室温下的配伍稳定性。方法:室温条件下,0~6h内用紫外分光光度法测定配伍后甲磺酸培氟沙星的含量变化情况,并同时观察记录配伍液的pH变化及外观变化。结果:室温条件下,0~6h内,配伍液的含量和外观无显著变化。结论:甲磺酸培氟沙星注射液和木糖醇注射液可以配伍使用。     

注射用依诺沙星与利巴韦林注射液的配伍稳定性考察

目的:考察注射用依诺沙星与利巴韦林注射液配伍的稳定性。方法:模拟临床将注射用依诺沙星与利巴韦林注射液在5%葡萄糖(5%GS)中混合,于25℃、37℃放置,在0、1、2、4、6h对混合液进行外观观察、pH值测定、紫外吸收光谱扫描及依诺沙星和利巴韦林的含量测定。结果:在0￣6h内,溶液外观、pH值和紫外吸收光谱基本不变,依诺沙星和利巴韦林的含量在25℃下有所下降,在37℃下基本不变。结论:注射用依诺沙星与利巴韦林注射液在5%葡萄糖中可以配伍使用。     

注射用阿莫西林钠与利巴韦林注射液在GNK中的稳定性考察

目的:考察注射用阿莫西林钠与利巴韦林注射液在葡萄糖氯化钠钾注射液(GNK)中配伍的稳定性。方法采用RP-HPLC法,对输液中阿莫西林钠与利巴韦林的含量变化情况进行测定;并观察其微粒数、外观及pH变化。结果阿莫西林钠与利巴韦林的平均回收率分别为98.47%,99.11%;RSD分别为2.24%,1.83%。室温放置4h内样品pH值及颜色均无明显变化;阿莫西林钠随着时间的延长,含量下降很快,利巴韦林含量无明显变化。结论注射用阿莫西林钠与利巴韦林注射液在GNK中配伍使用安全且应在配制后2小时内使用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.