小学生紧张性行为及其影响因素分析

目的了解小学生紧张性行为及其影响因素。方法对洛阳市4所小学的732名学生进行了调查。依据先分层后整群随机抽样的原则，填写统一调查表，按诊断标准逐一筛查。对其影响因素进行分析。结果 1～6年级小学生紧张性行为的发生率为45.08%，不同年级有显著差异。啃指甲癖的发生率最高，为29.64％，精神习惯性抽动为16.39％，吮拇癖为8.88%，屏气发作4.78%，习惯性擦腿1.64%，撞头发生率很低，影响小学生紧张性行为的主要因素是学习成绩和教师对学生的态度。结论小学生紧张性行为发生率有增高趋势，学生的学习成绩以及教师对学生的态度至关重要。     

洛阳市涧西区小学生紧张性行为流行病学及相关因素研究

目的　研究城市小学生紧张性行为的流行病学情况及相关因素。了解小学生心理健康现状。方法　依据先分层后整群随机抽样的原则 ,通过填写统一调查表 ,按诊断标准逐一筛查 ,选出有效问卷 732份。结果　小学生紧张性行为的发病率为 45 .0 8% ,不同年级有显著性差异 ,啃指甲癖发生率为 2 9.6 4% ,精神—习惯性抽动发生率为 16 .39% ,吮拇癖发生率为 8.88% ,屏气发作为 4.78% ,习惯性擦腿动作为 1.6 4% ,撞头发生率很低 ,除精神—习惯性抽动外 ,均与性别无关。结论　近年小学生紧张性行为的发生率有上升趋势 ,教师对学生的态度及学习成绩对其影响较大。目的　研究城市小学生紧张性行为的流行病学情况及相关因素。了解小学生心理健康现状。方法　依据先分层后整群随机抽样的原则 ,通过填写统一调查表 ,按诊断标准逐一筛查 ,选出有效问卷 732份。结果　小学生紧张性行为的发病率为 45 .0 8% ,不同年级有显著性差异 ,啃指甲癖发生率为 2 9.6 4% ,精神—习惯性抽动发生率为 16 .39% ,吮拇癖发生率为 8.88% ,屏气发作为 4.78% ,习惯性擦腿动作为 1.6 4% ,撞头发生率很低 ,除精神—习惯性抽动外 ,均与性别无关。结论　近年小学生紧张性行为的发生率有上升趋势 ,教师对学生的态度及学习成绩对其影响较大。     

洛阳市涧西区小学生紧张性行为流行病学相关因素研究

目的 研究城市小学生紧张必行为的流行病学情况及相关因素。了解小学生心理健康现状。方法 依据先分层后整群随机抽样的原则，通过填写统一调查表，按诊断标准逐一筛查，选出有效问卷７３２份。结果 小学生紧张性行为的发病率为４５．０８％。不同年级有显著性差异，啃指甲癖发生率为２９．６４％，精神－习惯性抽动发生率为１６．３９％，吮拇癖发生率为８．８８％，屏气发作为４．７８％，习惯性擦腿动作为１．６４％，撞头发生     

洛阳市小学生精神一习惯性抽动调查分析

通过对洛阳市涧西区４所小学的７３２名学生进行儿童异常行为调查，结果表明１－６年级小学生精神－习惯性抽动的发病率为１６．３９％。男女之间有显著性差异。影响因素为学生的学习成绩，教师对学生的态度和家长对孩子的教育方式。与家长的文化程度无关。５６．６７％的病例有躯体疾病为诱因。     

洛阳市小学生精神一习惯性抽动调查分析

通过对洛阳市涧西区 4所小学的 732名学生进行儿童异常行为调查 ,结果表明 1～ 6年级小学生精神—习惯性抽动的发病率为 16 .39%。男女之间有显著性差异。影响因素为学生的学习成绩、教师对学生的态度和家长对孩子的教育方式。与家长的文化程度无关。 56 .6 7%的病例有躯体疾病为诱因     

影响小学生学习成绩的心理卫生状况及其对策

目的：探讨影响小学生学习成绩的有关因素，了解儿童的心理卫生状况。方法：选取与儿童心理卫生有关的11个问题自拟调查表，对昆明市红联小学1-3年级学生进行调查，由班主任或任课老师根据该生的学习成绩、平时表现完成做答工作，并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果：一年级学生出现的心理问题以注意力不集中最多，共出现119人，占47．0％；其次，多动80人，占31．6％；爱哭或气愤60人，占23．7％，独处49人，占19．4％；其余依次为依赖、咬笔、口吃、咬指甲等不良行为。二年级学生出现的心理问题以注意力不集中最多，共出现56人，占20．4％；其次，多动28人，占10．2％；其余依次为咬笔、口吃等不良行为。三年级学生出现的心理问题以注意力不集中最多，共出现96人，占41．2％；其次，多动76人，占32．6％；其余依次为咬笔、口吃、依赖、爱哭等不良行为和不良情绪。注意力不集中男生多于女生（P〈0．05）。不良行为男生多于女生，如咬衣角或上课时紧张、口吃（P〈0．01）和口吃不清（P〈0．05），三年级学生学习成绩越差出现的频率越高。结论：0～3年级小学生的心理问题是一个不容忽视的问题，其影响因素较多，表现复杂，应当引起家长、教师和心理工作者的重视。     

某化工学校学生性行为现状与加强性健康教育

目的：了解某化工学校学生性态度及相关性行为，为学校开展性健康教育提供依据。方法：以该校五年制高职2～4年级全体学生为研究对象，用自行设计的调查表进行无记名调查。结果：61.84％的学生对婚前性行为持中立态度，有过边缘性行为的学生占48．13％，有过婚前性行为的学生占11．22％。结论：学校应高度重视学生的性态度及相关行为问题，尽早开展性健康教育，使学生建立正确的性态度，以预防过早发生性行为。     

上海市外来未婚女工艾滋病相关知识、态度和婚前性行为研究

目的了解上海市外来未婚女工艾滋病相关知识、态度和婚前性行为现状,并探讨婚前性行为的影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,选择上海市3家工厂的800名外来未婚女性务工人员进行问卷调查,回收769份,回收率为96．1％;有效问卷762份,有效率为99．1％。问卷内容主包括人口学基本信息以及艾滋病相关知识、态度和婚前性行为。采用多因素Logistic回归分析婚前性行为的影响因素。结果艾滋病相关知识的应答正确率为56．4％,对婚前性行为持反对态度的占38．1％,有36．1％的调查对象承认发生过婚前性行为。多因素Logistic回归分析显示婚前性行为发生的影响因素包括年龄（〉25岁组与〈20岁组比较：OR=2．16,95％C1=1．12～4．17）、居住状况（租房组与集体寝室组比较：OR=3．67,95％CI=2．03～6．63）、家乡（东部地区组与中西部地区组比较：OR=3．13,95％CI=1．64～5．97）和婚前性行为态度（赞同组与反对组比较：OR=9．23,95％CI=4．90～17．39;中立组与反对组比较：OR=3．85,95％CI=2．16～6．86）。结论上海市外来未婚女工的艾滋病知识相对薄弱,婚前性行为态度较为开放,婚前性行为发生率较高,有必加强安全性行为的健康促进,减少艾滋病及其他性传播疾病感染和意外妊娠的风险。     

吉林省某高校大学生的婚前性行为现状分析

目的：了解大学生婚前性行为及相关态度，为开展青春期性健康教育和防治性传播疾病提供依据。方法：采取普查方法对吉林省某高校的一、二年级学生使用统一调查问卷，自填式的方式进行调查。结果：调查显示61．95％的男生对婚前性行为持赞同或无所谓态度，28．19％持反对态度；61．74％的女生持反对态度；性别间差异有统计学意义（x^2=173．04，P=0．000）；全部调查对象中8．42％回答有过性交行为。结论：性健康教育在大学中的开展还有待加强，应通过多种方式宣传健康性知识，以提高大学生的自我保护意识，减少和防止婚前性行为的发生。     

小学生行为及家庭环境因素与学习成绩的相关性

小学生的学习成绩受多种因素影响，其中行为问题对学习成绩的影响正逐渐引起注意。有研究表明，我国小学生心理行为问题的年总发生率为15．33％～16．48％，年新发生率为6．76％～9.74％。本研究对小学生的行为问题以及身高、父母职业、文化程度等其他因素与学习成绩的相关性进行探讨，以期为如何提高小学生学习技能及发现其行为问题提供参考。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.