AdCMVtk／GCV系统诱导肿瘤细胞死亡途径

探讨ＡｄＣＭＶｔｋ／ＧＣＶ系统诱导肿瘤细胞死亡的途径。方法：Ｅ要用台盼蓝染色检测坏死细胞数，吖啶橙荧光染检测凋亡细胞数，同时观察凋亡细胞的形态学改变。结果：ＡｄＣＭＶｔｋ／ＧＣＶ系统诱导肺癌细胞死亡形式有两种，即坏死和凋亡，行出现凋亡，后引起坏死。结论ＨＥ染色及吖啶橙荧光染色可见黄型的凋亡形态学改变。     

大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后血管源性脑水肿与细胞凋亡

研究大鼠大脑中动脉（ＭＣＡ）短暂闭塞后血管源性脑水肿（ＶＢＥ）与凋亡细胞数的关系。ＶＢＥ强度用光密度法测量甲酰提取外渗至血脑屏障（ＢＢＢ）受损最严重的脑区Ｅｖａｎｓ蓝（ＥＢ）含量定量，石蜡切片的凋亡细胞数用原位末端标记法（ＩＳＥＬ）检测。结果表明ＢＢＢ受损程度与凋亡细胞数随缺血时间延长而增加，二者密切相关，ＶＢＥ促进了细胞凋亡机制。     

多耐药性肿瘤细胞系的细胞遗传学研究

本实验发现多耐药性肿瘤细胞系ＣＥＭ／ＶＬＢ与亲代药敏细胞系ＣＥＭ之间具有明显的核型差异，其核型中出现了二条具有基因扩增征象的标记染色体，它们分别来源于正常１号染色体和２号染色体，此结果与以往报告有所不同，可为进一步研究肿瘤细胞在产生多耐药过程中可能存在的基因扩增及演变过程提供细胞遗传学证据。     

VP-16诱导前列腺癌细胞PC-3凋亡的研究

为研究ＶＰ－１６对雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌细胞ＰＣ－３凋亡的诱导作用,应用ＨＥ染色观察细胞的形态学改变,以ＤＮＡ凝胶电泳和流式细胞术（ＦＣＭ）分析细胞凋亡和细胞周期分布,同时应用３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法研究ＶＰ－１６对ＰＣ－３细胞ＤＮＡ合成的影响。结果表明,（１）凋亡的ＰＣ－３细胞呈明显的形态学改变;（２）ＤＮＡ断裂呈梯形变化;（３）ＰＣ－３细胞凋亡率随ＶＰ－１６作用浓度增加和时间延长逐渐增高;（４）ＶＰ－１６能够明显抑制ＰＣ－３细胞ＤＮＡ的合成。提示ＶＰ－１６可诱导前列腺肿瘤细胞凋亡。     

EB病毒与原发性鼻咽部B细胞性淋巴瘤有关与继发性者无关

目的：对１９例鼻咽部Ｂ细胞性恶性淋巴瘤与ＥＢ病毒（Ｅｐｓｔｅｉｎ－Ｂａｒｒｖｉｒｕｓ，ＥＢＶ）感染的相关性进行研究。方法；利用免疫组织化学及原位杂交方法对ＥＢＶ进行检测，并用免疫组化及原位杂交双染法标记肿瘤细胞，以鉴定ＥＢＶ阳性的细胞为Ｂ淋巴瘤细胞，结果：ＥＢＶ编码的小ｍＲＮＡ探针（ＥＢＥＲ）原位杂交显示，８例原发性鼻咽部Ｂ细胞恶性淋巴瘤中３例绝大多数肿瘤细胞呈阳性表达，１例潜在性膜蛋白１（ｌａｔ     

细胞凋亡与恶性肿瘤的相关研究

细胞凋亡(apoptosts)又称细胞程序性死亡(programmed cell death)，是一种多基因参与的、复杂的过程，是细胞主动参与的“自杀”机制。学者Kerr最早发现这一现象，并于1972年首次提出凋亡的概念。自此凋亡研究受到了许多学者的普遍关注，尤其与疾病关系的研究已取得了长足的进展。细胞凋亡是一个形态学术语，是一种主动的由基因决定的细胞自我破坏的过程。多细胞机体(包括人)均存在着细胞的凋亡现象。人类肿瘤的发生常常是由于肿瘤细胞凋亡失控造成肿瘤组织无限增长所致。肿瘤细胞是永生细胞，通过诱导凋亡能阻止其无限增殖，进而杀死肿瘤细胞。肿瘤的发生、发展与细胞的过度增殖与凋亡失控有关。     

AS_2O_3对消化道肿瘤细胞凋亡作用的研究

目的研究AS3O3对10种消化道肿瘤细胞株的致凋亡作用。方法采用形态学观察、流式细胞仪检测及DNA电泳分析。结果发现两株细胞经AS2O3作用后有明显凋亡,三株细胞无凋亡,其余有少量凋亡。结论AS2O3对不同的消化道肿瘤细胞有不同的作用,提示AS2O3对不同细胞的致凋亡作用可能存在不同的机理。     

As2O3对消化道细胞凋亡作用的研究

目的 研究Ａｓ２Ｏ３对１０种消化道肿瘤细胞株的致凋亡作用。 方法 采用形态学观察、流式细胞仪检测及ＤＮＡ电泳分析。 结果 发现两株细胞经Ａｓ２Ｏ３作用后有明显凋亡,三株细胞无凋亡,其余有少量凋亡。 结论 Ａｓ２Ｏ３对不同的消化道肿瘤细胞有不同的作用,提示Ａｓ２Ｏ３对不同细胞的致凋亡作用可能存在不同的机理。     

维生素A诱导Shope肿瘤细胞凋亡

目的：探讨维生素Ａ抑制Ｓｈｏｐｅ肿瘤细胞生长的机理。方法：电镜观察Ｓｈｏｐｅ肿瘤细胞凋亡的形态学改变；琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行ＤＮＡ片段化；流式细胞仪检测凋亡细胞的百分比。结果：电镜下可见ＶＡ诱导的Ｓｈｏｐｅ肿瘤细胞变小，细胞浆固缩，染色质聚集并靠近核膜，在１．５％琼脂糖凝胶电泳中，Ｓｈｏｐｅ肿瘤细胞ＤＮＡ呈现明显的阶梯状图谱。流式细胞仪检测经１０＾－５ＭＶＡ作用２４ｈ、４８ｈ、７２ｈ后，凋亡细胞百分比     

中药调控肿瘤细胞凋亡机制研究进展

细胞凋亡的概念是由英国学者Kerr于1972年首先提出，细胞凋亡又称细胞程序性死亡，是有核细胞在生理条件下，通过启动其自身遗传机制，主要通过内源性DNA内切酶的激活发生的自动死亡过程。现代医学研究证实，许多天然药物可以通过干扰肿瘤细胞生长、代谢、增殖等过程，最终诱导触发肿瘤细胞分化发生凋亡。中药诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡是中医药抗肿瘤的分子机制之一。阐明中药诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的机制有助于医学临床和科研工作的深入，现将近年研究综述如下。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.