重度先天性上睑下垂的手术治疗

目的分析额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术和异体阔筋膜悬吊术矫正重度先天性上睑下垂的优缺点。方法对重度先天性上睑下垂66例87眼进行手术治疗,其中额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术30例45眼,异体阔筋膜悬吊术36例42眼,分析术后上睑下垂矫正效果、上睑弧度、双重睑成形及暴露性角膜炎发生情况。结果额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术取材方便、复发率较低、上睑弧度匀称;阔筋膜悬吊手术简单、重睑形成良好,但取材困难、复发率稍较高。结论额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术和阔筋膜悬吊术均能有效治疗重度先天性上睑下垂,前者无需特殊材料,术后效果较稳定。     

超常量提上睑肌缩短及额肌瓣悬吊治疗重度先天性上睑下垂效果比较

目的：比较提上睑肌缩短术与额肌瓣悬吊术治疗重度先天性上睑下垂的疗效与并发症。

方法：对40例58眼重度先天性上睑下垂患者进行手术治疗,其中,20例28眼行额肌腱膜瓣悬吊术,20例30眼行改良的提上睑肌缩短术,术后随访6mo,观察两种手术方式治疗重度先天性上睑下垂的治疗效果及术后并发症的发生情况。

结果：术后随访6mo,提上睑肌缩短术组及额肌瓣悬吊术组治疗重度先天性上睑下垂的正矫率分别为：83%、82%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但术后并发症的发生,如倒睫、闭合不全、暴露性角膜炎、结膜脱垂等,提上睑肌缩短术组少于额肌瓣悬吊术组,且有更好的外观。提上睑肌缩短术后6mo复诊时,眼睑闭合不全15眼,暴露性角膜炎共1眼,结膜脱垂2眼; 额肌瓣悬吊术后6mo随诊,眼睑闭合不全23眼,暴露性角膜炎2眼,上睑倒睫3眼。

结论：提上睑肌缩短术及额肌瓣悬吊术均能有效矫正重度先天性上睑下垂,但前者并发症少,术后外观好。     

重度先天性上睑下垂两种悬吊方法的评估

目的分析异体阔筋膜悬吊术和额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术矫正重度先天性上睑下垂的优缺点.方法对56例78眼重度先天性上睑下垂住院病例行手术治疗,其中额肌瓣悬吊术20例(36眼),阔筋膜悬吊术36例(42眼).结果阔筋膜悬吊术的复发率高于额肌瓣术;术后兔眼明显.额肌瓣悬吊术双重睑形成稍差,术中出血较多.结论综合评估矫正重度先天性上睑下垂额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术较优于异体阔筋膜悬吊术.     

重度先天性上睑下垂术式的评估

目的分析异体阔筋膜悬吊术和额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术矫正重度先天性上睑下垂的效果。方法对56例78眼重度先天性上睑下垂住院病例行手术治疗,其中额肌瓣悬吊术20例36眼,阔筋膜悬吊术36例42眼。结果阔筋膜悬吊术的复发率高于额肌瓣悬吊术,且眼险弧度不易掌握,术后兔眼征明显。额肌瓣悬吊术双重睑形成稍差,术中出血较多。结论综合评估额肌瓣悬吊术,矫正重度先天性上睑下垂较为优势。     

上睑下垂术后回退再手术的临床观察

目的 总结上睑下垂矫正术后回退再手术的临床经验.方法 对22例(24只眼)上睑下垂矫正术后回退再次手术的临床资料.结果 22例患者首次手术前均为单眼或双眼中度至重度先天性上睑下垂.首次手术方式:4只眼为额肌缝线悬吊术,3只眼为额肌硅胶悬吊术,7只眼为额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术,10只眼为提上睑肌缩短术.首次手术后出现1只眼上睑缘角状畸形,2只眼上睑内侧内翻倒睫,5只眼睑闭合不全,2只眼浅层点状角膜炎.再次手术方式:4只眼行提上睑肌缩短术,20只眼行额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术,睑缘角状畸形、上睑内翻倒睫及双重睑不对称者术中一并矫正.结论 额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术是上睑下垂矫正术后回退再手术的主要手术方式.     

额肌瓣悬吊术矫正重度上睑下垂

上睑下垂是眼科的一种常见疾病,对于提上睑肌肌力在4mm以上患者常采用提上睑肌缩短术,效果肯定。对于提上睑肌肌力完全丧失的重度上睑下垂,笔者采用改良额肌瓣悬吊术矫正重度上睑下垂34例(58眼),效果满意,现报道如下。资料和方法1．一般资料从2003年1月～2005年6月我院收治34例58眼重度上睑下垂病人。其     

先天性上睑下垂379例治疗体会

目的 应用不同术式治疗先天性上睑下垂,并对手术效果及其并发症进行评价.方法 自2002年6月至2007年10月间,共收治先大性上睑下垂患者379例(460只眼).其中重度上睑下垂300例(381只眼),中度上睑下垂47例(47只眼),轻度上睑下垂32例(32只眼).行阔筋膜悬吊术196例(246只眼),额肌瓣悬吊术104例(135只眼),提上睑肌缩短术47例(47只眼),提上睑肌腱膜折叠术32例(32只眼).结果 术后满意率为94.6%,好转率为5.0%,总有效率为99.6%.其中阔筋膜悬吊术手术满意率为91.9%,额肌瓣悬吊术满意率为95.5%,提上睑肌缩短术满意率为95.7%,提上睑肌腱膜折叠术满意率为96.9%.手术后有50只眼(10.9%)出现各种并发症,主要有额部血肿、暴露性角膜炎、矫正不全和上穹隆结膜脱垂,经相应处理后均好转.结论 对于提上睑肌无力的重度上睑下垂患者,采取阔筋膜悬吊术或额肌瓣悬吊术治疗,术后重睑自然,远期外观效果较好.提上睑肌力较好的轻度上睑下垂患者宜采取提上睑肌手术,术后重睑弧度自然,并发症少,是较理想的治疗方法.     

先天性上睑下垂379例治疗体会

目的 应用不同术式治疗先天性上睑下垂,并对手术效果及其并发症进行评价.方法 自2002年6月至2007年10月间,共收治先大性上睑下垂患者379例(460只眼).其中重度上睑下垂300例(381只眼),中度上睑下垂47例(47只眼),轻度上睑下垂32例(32只眼).行阔筋膜悬吊术196例(246只眼),额肌瓣悬吊术104例(135只眼),提上睑肌缩短术47例(47只眼),提上睑肌腱膜折叠术32例(32只眼).结果 术后满意率为94.6%,好转率为5.0%,总有效率为99.6%.其中阔筋膜悬吊术手术满意率为91.9%,额肌瓣悬吊术满意率为95.5%,提上睑肌缩短术满意率为95.7%,提上睑肌腱膜折叠术满意率为96.9%.手术后有50只眼(10.9%)出现各种并发症,主要有额部血肿、暴露性角膜炎、矫正不全和上穹隆结膜脱垂,经相应处理后均好转.结论 对于提上睑肌无力的重度上睑下垂患者,采取阔筋膜悬吊术或额肌瓣悬吊术治疗,术后重睑自然,远期外观效果较好.提上睑肌力较好的轻度上睑下垂患者宜采取提上睑肌手术,术后重睑弧度自然,并发症少,是较理想的治疗方法.     

额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术矫正重度上睑下垂的临床观察

目的 探讨额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术矫正重度上睑下垂的临床疗效.方法 采用额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术矫治重度上睑下垂45例（60只眼）.结果 矫正良好者39例（占86.67%）,基本矫正者6例（占13.33%）,无矫正不足患者.术后早期眼睑闭合不全现象1个月后逐渐消失.随访3个月～2年,效果稳定.无明显并发症发生.结论 额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术矫正上睑下垂睑缘弧度美观、自然,效果持久、稳定,且取材方便、无额外切口,是一种矫正重度上睑下垂的理想方法.     

重症上睑下垂额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术临床观察

目的:观察额肌筋膜瓣转移悬吊术治疗重度上睑下垂的效果。方法:对52例72眼重度上睑下垂进行额肌筋膜瓣转移悬吊术治疗。结果:本组52例72眼随访1～6a,2例4眼矫正轻度不足,2例4眼重睑轻度不对称,其余均获得满意疗效,上睑弧度及双重睑自然美观,恢复了上睑功能。仅部分病例早期轻度睑裂闭合不全,无暴露性角膜炎等并发症发生。结论:额肌筋膜瓣转移悬吊术是治疗重度上睑下垂最理想的手术方法,手术中的上睑缘位置高低,额肌缝合睑板的位置是手术成功的关键。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.