佝偻病维生素D受体基因多态性与25-羟维生素D3相关性

目的：研究1~3岁佝偻病患儿中维生素D受体基因多态性FokⅠ位点与佝偻病相关性,初步探讨维生素D受体基因多态性FokⅠ位点在佝偻病发病中的作用。方法：病例组（佝偻病患儿）62例与对照组（正常健康儿童）60例,用ELISA方法检测血清25-羟维生素D3水平,比较两组之间血清25-羟维生素D3水平。用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）检测病例组和对照组维生素D受体基因多态性FokⅠ位点,比较两组之间基因型和等位基因分布频率。结果病例组血清25-羟维生素D3水平较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义（9.1±4.1 ng/mL vs 16.1±6.9 ng/mL;P＜0.05）。维生素D受体基因多态性FokⅠ位点病例组FF基因型明显高于对照组（53% vs 25%）,基因型分布频率差异有统计学意义（χ2=10.221,P＜0.05）,病例组F等位基因频率明显高于对照组（73% vs 57%）,等位基因分布频率差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.511,P＜0.05）。结论维生素D受体基因多态性FokⅠ位点与佝偻病有相关性,提示其在佝偻病遗传易感性方面起重要作用。［中国当代儿科杂志,2010,12（7）：544-546］     

维生素D受体基因多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病易感性的研究

目的 通过研究维生素D受体(VDR)基因多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病易感性的相关性,探讨维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的遗传易感因素。方法 利用限制性内切酶FokI,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR—RFLP)分析、基因测序等技术测定48例维生素D缺乏性佝偻病患儿(病例组)和92名正常儿童(对照组)的VDR基因多态性,比较两组VDR基因型和等位基因的分布频率,并计算基因型优势比(OR)。结果 在48例佝偻病患儿中FF、Ff和ff基因型分布频率分别为46％、33％和21％;而在92名正常儿童中FF、Ff和ff基因型分布频率分别为22％、52％和26％。两组VDR基因型的分布频率差异有显著性(x^2=8．912,P=0．012),病例组中FF基因型占明显优势(OR=3．046)。两组VDR基因等位基因的分布频率差异也有显著性(x^2=5．451,P=0．020),病例组中F等位基因分布频率高于对照组。结论 VDR基因多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病有相关性,提示VDR基因多态性可能在决定个体维生素D缺乏性佝偻病遗传易感性方面有重要作用。     

广西地区儿童维生素D受体基因Fok Ⅰ位点多态性分布研究

目的 了解维生索D受体基因Fok Ⅰ位点多态性在广西地区儿童中的分布.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术和基因测序技术,检测268名广西地区儿童的维生索D受体基因Fok Ⅰ位点多态性.结果 维生素D受体基因型FF、Ff、ff在研究人群的分布频率分别为29.85%、48.13%、22.02%,F、f等位基因频率为54.66%和45.34%.结论 中国广西地区儿童维生素D受体基因Fok Ⅰ多态性分布频率有其自身的特点.     

UGT1A1基因多态性与新生儿黄疸遗传关联性的Meta分析

目的 评价不同人群UGT1A1基因GLY71ARG多态性、TATA重复多态性与新生儿黄疸的遗传关联性。方法 制定原始文献的纳入标准、排除标准及检索策略,检索PubMed、EMBASE、Web of sciences、Cochrance图书馆、中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库及中国生物医学文献数据库,检索时间均为建库至2010年2月。获得UGT1A1基因GLY71ARG多态性、TATA重复多态性与新生儿黄疸遗传关联性的相关文献。以新生儿黄疸为病例组。依据NHI-NHGRI研究工作组2007年制定的遗传关联性研究报告规范为基础,并依据相关文献选取其中的14条标准用于文献质量评价。以基因型和等位基因频率为指标,采用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析,计算合并的OR值及其95%CI。 结果 共检索到相关文献284篇,22篇文献进入Meta分析（英文文献18篇,中文文献4篇）;病例组1 444例,对照组1 835例。按人群构成分为4个亚组：中国,日本,马来西亚和泰国及高加索人群（印度、土耳其和美国）。①GLY71ARG基因型A/A+G/A频率：中国（OR=2.84,95%CI：2.14~3.76）,日本（OR=3.22,95%CI：2.03~5.11）,马来西亚和泰国人群（OR=2.41,95%CI：1.56~3.72）病例组均显著高于对照组;高加索人群（OR=1.98,95%CI：0.49~8.03）病例组与对照组差异无统计学意义。基因型A/A频率：中国（OR=6.47,95%CI：3.24~12.94）,马来西亚和泰国人群（OR=21.01,95%CI：5.21~84.79）病例组均显著高于对照组;日本（OR=3.08,95%CI：1.00~9.49）和高加索人群（OR=5.89,95%CI：0.24~145.49）病例组与对照组差异均无统计学意义。A等位基因频率：中国（OR=2.82,95%CI：2.22~3.58）,日本（OR=2.50,95%CI：1.72~3.62）,马来西亚和泰国人群（OR=3.01,95%CI：2.07~4.37）病例组均显著高于对照组;高加索人群（OR=2.47,95%CI：0.66~9.25）病例组与对照组差异无统计学意义。②TATA基因型7/7+6/7频率：中国（OR=0.59,95%CI：0.36~0.96）和日本人群（OR=0.15,95%CI：0.04~0.51）对照组均显著高于病例组;马来西亚（OR=1.31,95%CI：0.59~2.92）和高加索人群（OR=1.18,95%CI：0.68~2.02）病例组与对照组差异无统计学意义。基因型7/7频率：中国（OR=1.78,95%CI：0.11~28.69）,日本（OR=0.38,95%CI：0.04~3.56）,马来西亚（OR=2.46,95%CI：0.46~13.06）和高加索人群（OR=1.45,95%CI：0.91~2.33）病例组与对照组差异均无统计学意义。等位基因7频率：中国（OR=0.65,95%CI：0.35~1.21）,马来西亚（OR=1.40,95%CI：0.59~3.29）和高加索人群（OR=1.17,95%CI：0.80~1.69）病例组与对照组差异均无统计学意义;日本人群（OR=0.15,95%CI：0.04~0.50）对照组显著高于病例组。结论 现有证据表明UGT1A1基因GLY71ARG多态性与中国、日本、马来西亚及泰国人群新生儿黄疸有关联性;启动子TATA重复多态性与新生儿黄疸无关联性。     

上海地区0～6岁汉族儿童维生素D受体基因多态性分布

目的研究上海地区0～6岁汉族儿童维生素D受体基因多态性的分布频率，了解上海地区汉族儿童维生素D受体各种基因型的分布情况。方法随机收集儿保门诊就诊的0—6岁汉族儿童204名，其中男140名，女64名，采用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性方法，分析4个限制性酶切位点(ApaⅠ、TaqⅠ、BsmⅠ、FokⅠ)的多态分布。结果0-6岁汉族儿童a、T、b、F等位基因位点占优势，分别占75．0％、97．7％、97．4％、60．0％；aa、TT、bb、Ff等位基因型占优势，分别为52．9％、91．7％、90．2％、47．6％；对每一个体4种等位基因型分析显示以aaTTbbFf、aaTTbbFF、AaTT bbFF占多数，分别为25．5％、14.2％、11．8％。与文献报道的其他人种VDR的基因多态性分布存在差异。结论上海地区0-6岁汉族儿童VDR基因在ApaⅠ、TaqⅠ、BsmⅠ、FokⅠ酶切位点的多态性分布存在种族特异性。     

维生素D受体基因多态性与中国汉族儿童结核病易感性的研究

目的　探讨维生素D受体（VDR）基因多态性与中国汉族儿童结核病易感性的关系。 方法　收集2005年1月至2008年3月北京儿童医院收治的125例汉族儿童 结核病患儿,以同期在北京儿童医院门诊行外科手术（如疝、牙齿矫正、鞘膜积液等）前查体的446例患儿作为对照,对照组无结核病史,X线胸片无异常,PPD皮 试硬结直径小于5 mm,按照年龄、性别以及居住地与病例组进行匹配,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析（PCR-RFLP）检测VDR基因上的Fok I和Taq I位点多态性,采用SPSS 12.0软件对病例组和对照组的基因型和等位基因频率进行卡方检验。 结果　结核组和对照组Fok I位点的FF、Ff、ff基因型频率分别为 29.6%、51.2%、19.2%和27.6%、50.9%、21.5%;Taq I位点的TT、Tt、tt基因型频率分别为90.4%、9.6%、0和86.8%、13.0%、0.2%;结核组和对照组在基因型频率 和等位基因频率分布上差异均无统计学意义。将样本按性别进行分组比较后发现,不同性别中病例组和对照组儿童的基因型和等位基因频率之间的差异无统计学 意义。 结论　VDR基因上的Fok I和Taq I位点的多态性与中国汉族儿童结核病的易感性无明显相关性。     

维生素D受体基因多态性与新疆南部地区维吾尔族儿童尿路结石相关性研究

目的：探讨维生素D受体（VDR）基因多态性与新疆南部地区维吾尔族儿童尿路结石相关性,阐明分子遗传学规律。方法：维吾尔族尿路结石患儿（病例组）74例和维吾尔族正常儿童（对照组）103例纳入此研究,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析研究VDR基因FokI和ApaI位点多态性与新疆南部地区维吾尔族儿童尿路结石相关性。结果：VDR基因FokI位点FF、Ff、ff 3种基因型在病例组及对照组之间分布差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.818, P＜0.05）,基因型Ff在病例组占58%,明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。VDR基因ApaI位点AA、Aa、aa 3种基因型在病例组和对照组的分布差异无统计学差意义（P>0.05）。结论：VDR基因FokI位点多态性将来可作为维吾尔族儿童泌尿系结石的候选基因。     

维生素D缺乏性佝偻病遗传易感性的研究

目的：遗传因素是否参与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病目前尚未明了。拟通过研究维生素D受体基因多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病易感性的相关性,探讨维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的遗传易感性。方法：应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析技术检测159例维生素D缺乏性佝偻病儿童和78例正常儿童(对照组)维生素D受体(VDR)基因FokI位点的多态性,比较两组之间VDR基因型和等位基因的频率。结果：维生素D缺乏性佝偻病患儿和对照组儿童的VDR基因FokI位点基因型分布频率分别为:FF(37%),Ff(51%),ff(12%)和FF(18%),Ff(55%),ff(27%),两组之间的差异有显著性(χ20.01(2)=9.210,χ2=13.3880,P<0.01);佝偻病患儿和对照组儿童的VDR基因FokI位点等位基因分布频率分别为:F(63%),f(37%)和F(46%),f(54%),两组之间的差异有显著性(χ2=6.18,P<0.05)。佝偻病患儿F等位基因分布频率明显高于对照组人群(63%vs46%)两组之间的差异有显著性;而佝偻病患儿f等位基因频率显著低于对照组(37%vs 54%)。结论：VDR基因FokI酶切位点的多态性可能与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的遗传易感性有关。     

维生素D受体基因Fok Ⅰ、Taq Ⅰ多态性与女性婴幼儿佝偻病的相关性

目的 研究维牛素D受体(VDR)基因FokⅠ、TaqⅠ多态性分布及其与女性婴幼儿维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的关系,探讨其临床意义.方法 选择男性婴幼儿58例为佝偻病男童组,女性婴幼儿佝偻病60例为佝偻病女童组;健康男、女性婴幼儿62、58例分别为健康对照男童组及女章组;应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析等技术测定各组VDR基因Fok Ⅰ、Taq Ⅰ多态性,分别比较4组VDR基因Fok Ⅰ、Taq Ⅰ多态性分布频率.采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析.结果 佝偻病女童组与各对照组间比较,VDR的Taq Ⅰ基因型和等位基因分布频率均无显著性差异(Pa＞0.05).Fok Ⅰ基因型和等位基因分布频率在佝偻病女童组与健康对照女童组和健康对照男章组比较均有显著性差异(P=0,0,0.001,0.002);佝偻病女童组与佝偻病男童组比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 VDR基因部分位点多态性可能与女性婴幼儿佝偻病显著相关;VDR基因多态性在婴幼儿佝偻病中无性别差异.     

GSTP1 A313G多态性与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病无关联——基于9篇病例对照研究的Meta分析

目的 对GSTP1 A313G位点AG、GG、AG+GG基因型和G等位基因与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）关联性进行Meta分析。方法 检索PubMed、EMBASE、OVID、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网和万方数据库（2000年1月至2014年6月）中的文献,收集GSTP1 A313G多态性与儿童ALL关联性的病例对照研究,应用RevMan 5.3软件和Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析,统计合并OR值及其95%CI。结果 符合本文Meta分析纳入标准的文献有10篇,其中9篇文献具同质性（病例组1 476例,对照组1 905例）。Meta分析结果显示,GSTP1 A313G位点AG、GG、AG+GG基因型与儿童ALL发病风险无关联（AG基因型：OR=1.07,95%CI：0.93~1.24,P=0.35;GG基因型：OR=1.12,95%CI：0.86~1.45,P=0.41;AG+GG基因型：OR=1.08,95%CI：0.94~1.24,P=0.28）,G等位基因与儿童ALL发病风险亦无关联性（OR=1.11,95%CI：0.96~1.28,P=0.16）。按种族、对照组来源、基因分型方法和样本量大小行分层分析,显示GSTP1 A313G位点上述基因型和等位基因与儿童ALL发病无关联。结论 GSTP1 A313G位点多态性与儿童ALL发病风险无关联。     

Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Turkish children with vitamin D deficient rickets

Vitamin D deficient rickets is prevalent in Turkey and a considerable number of children are at risk of growth retardation, impaired bone formation and fracture. In order to check whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism relates to the vitamin D deficient rickets, we analyzed VDR gene FokI, TaqI and ApaI polymorphisms in 24 Turkish vitamin D deficient rickets patients and 100 healthy controls. We found that "A" (ApaI) allele is more abundant in patients than controls (83 vs 57%, p = 0.002) but there were no significant differences for FokI (p = 0.693) and TaqI (p = 0.804) allele frequencies between patients and controls. We also showed that the frequency of Tt and Aa genotypes was significantly decreased in patients. Our results indicated that VDR gene polymorphisms might be an important factor for genetic susceptibility to vitamin D deficient rickets in the Turkish population.     

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目的 探讨维生素D受体基因多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病(佝偻病)遗传易感性的关系.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析技术检测2003年10月至2004年10月159例佝偻病患儿和78名健康儿童(对照组)VDR基因Bsm Ⅰ位点的多态性,比较两组之间VDR基因型和基因分布.结果 佝偻病患儿和对照组儿童的VDR基因Bsm Ⅰ位点基因型分布分别为:BB(0%),Bb(15.7%),bb(84.3%)和BB(0%),Bb(11.5%),bb(88.5%),两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);佝偻病患儿和对照组儿童的VDR基因BsmⅠ位点等位基因分布分别为:B(7.9%),b(92.1%)和B(5.8%),b(94.2%),两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 VDR基因Bsm Ⅰ酶切住点的多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的遗传易感性相关关系尚须大样本进一步确定.     

维生素D受体多态性与晚发性佝偻病易感性研究

目的研究维生素D受体基因起始密码子（VDRSC）多态性在晚发性佝偻病组、维生素D缺乏状态组及正常对照组中分布频率的差异,探讨晚发性佝偻病的遗传易感因素。方法用聚合酶链反应——限制性长度多态性（RFLP）分析晚发性佝偻病组30例、维生素D缺乏状态组35例以及正常对照组60例VDRSC多态性的分布频率。结果三组VDRSC基因型分布频率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=13．184,P=0．010）;等位基因分布频率差异也有统计学意义（χ^2=8．975,P=0．011）。组间两两比较晚发性佝偻病组VDRSC基因型和等位基因与其他两组比较差异有统计学意义,其FF型频率（56．7％）明显高于正常对照组（21．7％,P=0．006）,也明显高于维生素D缺乏状态组（22．9％,P=0．002）;晚发性佝偻病组F型（70．0％）明显高于正常对照组（48．3％,P=0．006）,也明显高于维生素D缺乏状态组（47．1％,P=0．009）。多项分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,在调整了其他危险因素后,FF型仍是晚发性佝偻病的危险因素,相对危险度（OR）=3．120。结论VDRSC多态性可能决定晚发性佝偻病的遗传易感性。     

Comparison of low and high dose of vitamin D treatment in nutritional vitamin D deficiency rickets

In this study, we compared three different therapy modes (150,000 IU, 300,000 IU, and 600,000 IU vitamin D p.o.) in infants with nutritional vitamin D deficiency rickets (VDR). Our purpose was to determine the most effective dosage of vitamin D with least side effects for treating VDR. The study included 56 patients, 3-36 months of age, with nutritional VDR and 20 age-matched control infants. In all infants, serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, magnesium, serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, plasma intact parathormone levels and urinary Ca/creatine ratio were determined. Of 56 patients, 52 were able to be followed long-term. These patients were reexamined on the 3rd day, 7-10th day, and 25-30th day after treatment. On the 30th day post-treatment, we did not find any difference between the doses in the improvement of rickets. However, hypercalcemia was present in eight infants who had been administered 300,000 IU (two infants) and 600,000 IU (six infants) of vitamin D. In conclusion, our findings showed that 150,000 IU or 300,000 IU of vitamin D was adequate in the treatment of VDR, but 600,000 IU of vitamin D may carry the risk of hypercalcemia.     

Vitamin D receptor polymorphism in nutritional rickets

Although the pathophysiology of rickets and especially the central role of Vitamin D in this disease has been clarified since the 1920s, it is not completely understood why rickets is still prevalant in sunny countries. Furthermore, as we understand more about rickets, it appears that rickets is a heterogeneous disorder caused by vitamin D and/or Ca deficiency. Serum 25 and 1,25 OH vitamin D levels show a wide range of variation among children with rickets and the response to treatment is also variable. These observations suggest that individual susceptibility may play a role in the development of rickets. Polymorphisms in the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene were postulated to be associated with bone mineral density. VDR gene polymorphism could be influential in the development of rickets in some children as well. However, data in this regard are still scarce.     

Vitamin D receptor defects: the story of hereditary resistance to vitamin D

Vitamin D, synthesized in the epidermis in response to UV radiation, is devoid of any biological activity. The hormonal activity is due to its metabolite, 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, named calcitriol. The actions of calcitriol are mediated by the vitamin D receptor, VDR, a member of the nuclear receptor family. The clinical presentation of hypocalcaemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, early onset rickets in the presence of normal levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and markedly elevated serum levels of calcitriol is indicative of hereditary vitamin D resistant rickets, HVDRR. HVDRR is a recessive autosomal disorder that has been described in approximately 60 unrelated families. Dermal fibroblasts and peripheral blood lymphocytes can serve as target organ models to evaluate the interaction of calcitriol and its effector system. Failure of calcitriol to induce the enzyme 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24 hydroxylase in fibroblasts or to inhibit lymphocyte mitogenesis can serve as the diagnosis for HVDRR Transfection studies employing site directed mutagenesis to mimic the natural mutations in VDR, have identified mutations that interfere with the major events in VDR signaling: hormone binding; heterodimerization with RXR; binding to vitamin D response elements in the promoters of target genes; and interaction with co- activators. Interference with one or more of these steps results in the clinical syndrome of HVDRR.     

Parathyroid function in different stages of vitamin D deficiency rickets

Direct measurements of parathyroid activity are available in only small numbers of children with vitamin D deficiency rickets (VDR). Therefore serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and the urinary cyclic adenosine-3,5-monophosphate excretion (UcAMP) were measured together with other important indices of calcium metabolism in 24 patients (aged 2–42 months) with VDR before vitamin D treatment. iPTH and UcAMP were significantly elevated in comparison to age-matched controls. In patients there was a highly significant positive correlation between iPTH and UcAMP and a negative relationship between both indices of parathyroid activity to serum phosphate and urine calcium, respectively, indicating that the simple measurement of serum phosphate and/or urine cAMP and Ca provides a reliable tool for the assessment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in VDR. In two patients classified as being in the early stage of VDR the parathyroid activity was not elevated despite hypocalcemia indicating relative hypoparathyroidism.Twelve patients with VDR were followed during vitamin D therapy: Within the first 2 weeks of treatment UcAMP slightly increased and thereafter decreased in most patients, but was still elevated in three patients even after 7 weeks, whereas iPTH became normal within 3 weeks of treatment. This favors the concept that vitamin D deficiency diminishes the activation of renal adenylate cyclase by PTH which is overcome by the highly increased PTH secretion in the advanced stages of rickets.The basal and calcium-stimulated serum calcitonin (CT) levels, determined in some of the patients, were normal, ruling out a significant disturbance of CT secretion in VDR.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. H. Bickel on the occasion of his 65th birthday