七氟醚复合丙泊酚在小儿气道异物取出术中的麻醉效果

Objective To observe the anesthetic effect of sevoflurane combined with propofol total general anaesthesia in children undergoing tracheal foreign body removal. Methods Sixty patients aged from 1 to 4 years admitted for tracheal foreign body removal were randomly divided into two groups : sevoflurane group (n = 30) and ketamine group (n = 30). In the sevoflurane group, anaesthesia was induced and maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane and propofol [1.5 mg/(kg · h)] was administered continuously for anesthesia maintenance by micro-pump during operation. The ketamine group were pre-medicated with ketamine 6 mg/kg i. m for sedation, then an-aesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.1 mg/kg and ketamine 1.5 mg/kg i. v and was maintained with intravenous bolus of ketamine. Systolic blood pressure(SBP), Diastolic blood pressure(DBP) ,heart rate(HR) and saturation of percutaneous oxygen(SPO2) were monitored in both groups before anaesthesia inducation (T0) , after anaesthesia inducation and before operation (T1), at the time point of bronchial endoscopy(T2) ,endoscope remoral (T3) ,con-sciousness recovery(T4). The operation condition was evaluated by surgeons, and the incidence of bronchial spasm, glossal drop, nausea and vomiting were recorded both during operation and after operation. Results The SBP and HR increased at the time point of bronchial endoscopy in two groups and decreased after anaesthesia inducation in aevoflurane group. The SPO2 increased in two group after anaesthesia inducation. Compared with ketamine group, the time of consciousness recovery was shorter markedly in sevoflurane group. The occurrence of postoperative glossal drop was higher in ketamine group. Conclusion Sevoflurane combined with propofol is safe and effective during general anaesthesia of children undergoing tracheal foreign body removal.     

七氟醚复合丙泊酚在小儿气道异物取出术中的麻醉效果

Objective To observe the anesthetic effect of sevoflurane combined with propofol total general anaesthesia in children undergoing tracheal foreign body removal. Methods Sixty patients aged from 1 to 4 years admitted for tracheal foreign body removal were randomly divided into two groups : sevoflurane group (n = 30) and ketamine group (n = 30). In the sevoflurane group, anaesthesia was induced and maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane and propofol [1.5 mg/(kg · h)] was administered continuously for anesthesia maintenance by micro-pump during operation. The ketamine group were pre-medicated with ketamine 6 mg/kg i. m for sedation, then an-aesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.1 mg/kg and ketamine 1.5 mg/kg i. v and was maintained with intravenous bolus of ketamine. Systolic blood pressure(SBP), Diastolic blood pressure(DBP) ,heart rate(HR) and saturation of percutaneous oxygen(SPO2) were monitored in both groups before anaesthesia inducation (T0) , after anaesthesia inducation and before operation (T1), at the time point of bronchial endoscopy(T2) ,endoscope remoral (T3) ,con-sciousness recovery(T4). The operation condition was evaluated by surgeons, and the incidence of bronchial spasm, glossal drop, nausea and vomiting were recorded both during operation and after operation. Results The SBP and HR increased at the time point of bronchial endoscopy in two groups and decreased after anaesthesia inducation in aevoflurane group. The SPO2 increased in two group after anaesthesia inducation. Compared with ketamine group, the time of consciousness recovery was shorter markedly in sevoflurane group. The occurrence of postoperative glossal drop was higher in ketamine group. Conclusion Sevoflurane combined with propofol is safe and effective during general anaesthesia of children undergoing tracheal foreign body removal.     

七氟醚复合丙泊酚在小儿气道异物取出术中的麻醉效果

Objective To observe the anesthetic effect of sevoflurane combined with propofol total general anaesthesia in children undergoing tracheal foreign body removal. Methods Sixty patients aged from 1 to 4 years admitted for tracheal foreign body removal were randomly divided into two groups : sevoflurane group (n = 30) and ketamine group (n = 30). In the sevoflurane group, anaesthesia was induced and maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane and propofol [1.5 mg/(kg · h)] was administered continuously for anesthesia maintenance by micro-pump during operation. The ketamine group were pre-medicated with ketamine 6 mg/kg i. m for sedation, then an-aesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.1 mg/kg and ketamine 1.5 mg/kg i. v and was maintained with intravenous bolus of ketamine. Systolic blood pressure(SBP), Diastolic blood pressure(DBP) ,heart rate(HR) and saturation of percutaneous oxygen(SPO2) were monitored in both groups before anaesthesia inducation (T0) , after anaesthesia inducation and before operation (T1), at the time point of bronchial endoscopy(T2) ,endoscope remoral (T3) ,con-sciousness recovery(T4). The operation condition was evaluated by surgeons, and the incidence of bronchial spasm, glossal drop, nausea and vomiting were recorded both during operation and after operation. Results The SBP and HR increased at the time point of bronchial endoscopy in two groups and decreased after anaesthesia inducation in aevoflurane group. The SPO2 increased in two group after anaesthesia inducation. Compared with ketamine group, the time of consciousness recovery was shorter markedly in sevoflurane group. The occurrence of postoperative glossal drop was higher in ketamine group. Conclusion Sevoflurane combined with propofol is safe and effective during general anaesthesia of children undergoing tracheal foreign body removal.     

七氟醚复合丙泊酚在小儿气道异物取出术中的麻醉效果

Objective To observe the anesthetic effect of sevoflurane combined with propofol total general anaesthesia in children undergoing tracheal foreign body removal. Methods Sixty patients aged from 1 to 4 years admitted for tracheal foreign body removal were randomly divided into two groups : sevoflurane group (n = 30) and ketamine group (n = 30). In the sevoflurane group, anaesthesia was induced and maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane and propofol [1.5 mg/(kg · h)] was administered continuously for anesthesia maintenance by micro-pump during operation. The ketamine group were pre-medicated with ketamine 6 mg/kg i. m for sedation, then an-aesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.1 mg/kg and ketamine 1.5 mg/kg i. v and was maintained with intravenous bolus of ketamine. Systolic blood pressure(SBP), Diastolic blood pressure(DBP) ,heart rate(HR) and saturation of percutaneous oxygen(SPO2) were monitored in both groups before anaesthesia inducation (T0) , after anaesthesia inducation and before operation (T1), at the time point of bronchial endoscopy(T2) ,endoscope remoral (T3) ,con-sciousness recovery(T4). The operation condition was evaluated by surgeons, and the incidence of bronchial spasm, glossal drop, nausea and vomiting were recorded both during operation and after operation. Results The SBP and HR increased at the time point of bronchial endoscopy in two groups and decreased after anaesthesia inducation in aevoflurane group. The SPO2 increased in two group after anaesthesia inducation. Compared with ketamine group, the time of consciousness recovery was shorter markedly in sevoflurane group. The occurrence of postoperative glossal drop was higher in ketamine group. Conclusion Sevoflurane combined with propofol is safe and effective during general anaesthesia of children undergoing tracheal foreign body removal.     

喉罩通气下瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉在颅内动脉瘤血管介入治疗术中的应用

目的 比较在瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉下喉罩通气和气管插管用于颅内动脉瘤血管介入治疗术对患者血流动力学的影响.方法 40例美国麻醉医师学会(ASA)Ⅰ～Ⅱ级在全身麻醉下实施颅内动脉瘤血管介入治疗术的患者,完全随机分为喉罩组和气管插管组.比较2组麻醉诱导前(T0)、插入喉罩/气管导管前(T1)、插入喉罩/气管导管后即刻(T2)、插入喉罩/气管导管后5 min(T3)、10 min(T4)、手术开始时(T5)和拔除喉罩/气管导管后即刻(T6)的SBP、DBP、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)、呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2).结果 T2时气管插管组SBP、DBP、HR[分别为(144.1±41.8)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、(89.3±12.5)mm Hg、(92.3±12.2)次/min]显著高于喉罩组[分别为(106.3±18.6)mm Hg、(63.1±9.2)mm Hg、(71.4±9.2)次/min],差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).结论 喉罩通气下瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉用于颅内动脉瘤血管介入治疗术能使麻醉诱导平稳,术中血流动力学的稳定,术后苏醒快,是一种理想的麻醉方法.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the hemodynamic effects of remifentanil and propofol during total intravenous anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway and tracheal intubation for the operation of endovascular embolization in intracranial aneurysms. Methods Forty cases of American society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Ⅰ～Ⅱ grade under general anesthesia in intracranial aneurysm patients undergoing interventional treatment were randomly divided into the laryngeal mask airway(LMA) group and tracheal intubation. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PET CO2) were recorded at 7 time points. Results In intubation group,SBP,DBP,HR[(144. 1 ±41.8)mm Hg, (89.3 ±12.5)mm Hg, (92.3 ± 12.2)times/min, respectively] were significantly higher than those in the LMA group [(106.3±18.6)mm Hg, (63. 1 ±9.2)mm Hg, (71.4 ±9. 2)times/min,respectivel] after intubation(P ＜0.01).Conclusions Laryngeal mask ventilation with remifentanil and propofol total intravenous anesthesia is a good anesthesia for intracranial aneurysms interventional therapy. This anesthesia method can guarantee a smooth induction of anesthesia, hemodynamic stability and rapid recovery after surgery.     

瑞芬太尼与丙泊酚及琥珀胆碱复合全身麻醉并高频喷射通气在婴幼儿气管异物取出术中的应用

目的 探讨瑞芬太尼与丙泊酚复合琥珀胆碱全身麻醉并高频喷射通气(HFJV)在婴幼儿气管异物取出术的效果及安全性.方法 30例行气管异物取出术的患儿完全随机分为研究组和对照组,每组15例.研究组静脉注射丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼和琥珀胆碱,插入支气管镜后经侧孔FHJV.对照组静脉注射氯胺酮、γ-羟丁酸钠和丙泊酚复合麻醉,保留自主呼吸,插入支气管镜后经侧孔吸纯氧或必要时HFJV.术中连续监测心电图、心率、呼吸和脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2),比较2组患儿术中各生命体征变化及发生呛咳、屏气、呼吸暂停、支气管痉挛的次数,手术时间、苏醒时间苏醒期并发症.结果 2组患儿年龄、性别、体重、术前SpO2差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).2组患儿的HR置镜前[研究组和对照组分别为(105±4)次/min和(110±6)次/min]较诱导前[研究组和对照组分别为(142±6)次/min和(140±4)次/min]均有明显下降(P＜0.05),其余各时点变化差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).研究组发生低氧血症5例、心动过缓1例;对照组发生低氧血症25例、呛咳屏气8例、喉支气管痉挛5例、心动过缓4例.对照组不良反应发生率高于研究组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).研究组平均手术时间(10.9±4.1)min,苏醒时间(30.5±9.2)min;对照组平均手术时间(19.9±5.0)min,苏醒时间(60.2±15.6)min.2组手术及苏醒时间差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).研究组苏醒期发生恶心呕吐2例、躁动1例;对照组发生恶心呕吐7例,躁动4例,喉、支气管痉挛5例.2组患儿恶心呕吐及喉、支气管痉挛的发生率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在婴幼儿气管异物取出术中,采用瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚复合琥珀胆碱全身麻醉加用HFJV较传统的氯胺酮复合γ-羟丁酸钠保留自主呼吸麻醉能更好地维持患儿呼吸、循环稳定,缩短手术时间,是一种安全、有效的麻醉方法.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the effect and safety of surgery of removing foreign body in trachea of infants by using remifentanil, propofol and succinylcholine anesthesia combined with high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV). Methods Totally 30 infants receiving surgery of removing foreign body in trachea were divided into two groups randomly: study group (propofol, remifentanil and succinylcholine) and control group. Each group has 15 patients. Patients of study group were given intravenous injection of propofol, remifentanil and succinylcholine and eliminated spontaneous breathing. After inserting bronchoscope, HFJV through the side hole was applied. Patients of control group were given intravenous injection of Ⅳ ketamine, γ-sodium hydroxybutyrate, propofol anesthesia and spontaneous breathing was reserved. After bronchoscope insertion, patients absorbed the pure oxygen through the side hole. They were given HFJV when necessary. During the operation, electrocardiogram (ECG), heart rate (HR) , respiratory (RR) and pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2) were continuously monitored, and compared various changes of vital sign, the times of patient choking, breath holding, apnea, and bronchospasm, and operation time, recovery time and complications during the recovery period. Results The adverse reaction and complications during the recovery period of study group were significantly lower than those in control group(P ＜0.05). Moreover, surgery and recovery time were significantly shorter than those in control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion During the surgery of removing foreign body in trachea of infants, the propofol, remifentanil and succinylcholine anesthesia combined with HFJV is superior to the traditional anesthesia in terms of keeping spontaneous breathing in maintaining stable respiration and circulation and reducing operation time.     

丙泊酚靶控输注在全麻拔管期的应用

Objective To study the effectiveness and feasibility of the propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) in the extubating period of general anesthesia to prevent cardiovascular response.Methods 60 patients who were in the ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱclass and seleetived abdominal surgery were randomly divided into the Propefol group (A) and the control group (B).Extubating in the same eircumstanees and conditions, A group were given with propofol TCI, Marsh model, keep the target plasma concentration as 1μ g/ml. and the drug withdrawal was 5rain after extubating; B group was not given the Propofol TCI,they were extubated after the sputum aspiration.The breathing rate, heart rate, MAP and SpO2 were continuous monitoring in the intraoperative, before using the TCI,during the extubating, 5min and 10min after extubatiug.And the time to recover the breathing, the time for extubating, the conscious level, the adverse effect and so on were also monitoring.Results during the extuhating, 5rain and 10min after the extubating, the breathing rate, the heart rate, MAP were declined slightly than that before using the TCI.And there was significantly lower in the A group than the B group (P < 0.05), B group, The value of SpO2 was significantly lower than the basis of value during extubating and the sputum aspiration(P < 0.05).Conclusions Propofol target-controlled infusion using in the extubating period of general anesthesia, the stress reaction of the body was small,and the vital signs were stable in the process of extubating.     

脑电双频指数在未插管全身麻醉患者靶控输注丙泊酚麻醉中的应用价值

Objective To investigate the utility of anesthesia depth monitoring of BIS during general anesthesia without tracheal intubation.Methods Sixty patients underwent surgery with local anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups of Ⅰ ,Ⅱand Ⅲ,who were sedated with propofol by TCI propofol 1.0,1.5,2.0μg/ml,respectively.HR,MAP,SpO2 BIS and MOAA/S score were recorded at l0min before operation(T0) .during local anesthesia ( T1) , at 30min after incision (T2) , at 60min after incision (T3) , and the end of operation (T4).Results BIS values declined with the decrease of MOAA/S.MOAA/S score was lower in group Ⅲ than that in group Ⅰ (all P < 0.05).Respiratory depression was seen in 3 cases in group Ⅲ.The difference of MAP had statistical significance between level 3 and level 2 of MOAA/S in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P < 0.05).Conclusion Propofol 1.0 ～ 1.5 μg/ml given by TCI could produce optimal depth of sedation with less side effects in surgery during local anesthesia.     

表面麻醉下角膜牵引缝线行青光眼白内障联合手术的临床研究

目的 探讨表面麻醉下青光眼白内障联合手术的术式改良,观察患者术中耐受性,寻找简化青光眼白内障联合手术的方法.方法 试验组43例患者在表面麻醉下以8-0带针可以吸收线做角膜牵引缝线,然后逐步完成青光眼白内障联合手术;对照组25例患者行球周麻醉及上直肌浸润麻醉,以0号丝线做上直肌牵引线,其余步骤同试验组.比较2组的手术时间、麻醉效果及并发症情况.结果 试验组总手术时间为(28.0±6.5)min,比对照组(37.5±8.5)min明显减少(P<0.05).试验组麻醉达到I级效果者32例(74.4%),达到Ⅱ级效果者11例(25.6%);对照组麻醉达到I级效果者4例(16.0%),达到Ⅱ级效果者9例(36.0%).Ⅲ级效果者12例(48.0%),试验组麻醉效果明显优于对照组(P<0.05).试验组患者无并发症发生,对照组有1例患者一过性黑朦,1例患者因球后出血需暂停手术.结论 表面麻醉下角膜牵引缝线行青光眼白内障联合手术可减少麻醉及手术并发症,简化手术操作程序,缩短手术时间,值得推广.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the toleranc of patients who underwent combined glaucoma and cataract surgery with topical anesthesia. Method A total of 43 patients in the experimental group with topical anesthesia underwent corneal traction suture with 8-0 absorbable surgical suture during surgery of glaucoma andcataract. A total of 25 patients in the control group had peribulbar anesthesia and infiltration anesthesia on the rectus, meanwhile 0 noabsorbable surgical suture were used in the traction on the rectus. The operation time, anesthesia effect and complications between two groups were compared. Results The total operation time of the experimental group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) compared with the control group. In experimental group, there were 32 cases (74.4%) of grade I anesthesia effect and 11 cases(25.6%) of grade Ⅱ. In the control group, there were 4 cases (16.0%) had grade I effect of anesthesia, 9 cases(36.0%) had grade Ⅱ and 12 cases(48.0% )had grade Ⅲ. The tolerance of patients went through these two surgery methods was statistically different (P <0.05). There were no operative complications in experimental group. One patient in control group had a transient amaurosis and one pa-tientp suspended surgery due to bleeding. Conclusion The application of corneal traction suture and topical anesthesia in combined glaucoma and cataract phacoemulisification surgery can reduce anesthesia and the after-surgery complications, simplify surgical procedures and shorten the operation time.     

Involvement of CYP2B6 in the biotransformation of propofol by human liver microsomes

Objective To determine whether the cytochrome P4502B6(CYP2B6)is involved in the oxidation of propofol by human liver microsomes.Methods The change of propofol concentration in an incubation mixture with human liver microsomes was monitored by the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),in order to calculate the rate constants of metabolism of propofol.The correlation between the rate constants and the rate of metabolism of CYP2B6 selective substrate bupropion,and the effect of two different CYP2B6 specific inhibitors on the propofol metabolism were examined.Results The mean rate constant of propofol metabolism by liver microsomes obtained from twelve individuals was 3.9(95% confidence intervals 3.3,4.5)nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein.The rate constants of propofol metabolism by liver microsomes were significantly correlated with bupropion hydroxylation(r=0.888,P<0.001).Both selective chemical inhibitors of CYP2B6,orphenadrine and N,N',N″-triethylenethiophosphoramide(thioTEPA),reduced the rate constants of propofol metabolism by 37.5%(P<0.001)and 42.7%(P<0.001)in liver microsomes,respectively.Conclusions CYP2B6 is predominantly involved in the oxidation of propofol by human liver microsomes.     

七氟烷吸入麻醉在宫腔镜术中的应用

目的观察妇科宫腔镜手术患者单纯吸入七氟烷的麻醉效果及对循环系统的影响。方法83例宫腔镜手术患者,随机分为两组,观察组55例,麻醉诱导为吸入6％～8％七氟烷,麻醉维持为吸入2％～3％七氟烷;对照组28例,麻醉诱导先予30s内快速静注异丙酚2mg／kg,待患者意识消失后行宫腔镜手术。观察麻醉诱导前、术中、术毕患者HR、BP、平均动脉压（MAP）、SpO2、呼吸频率等指标,并记录睫毛反射消失时间、睁眼时间及不良反应等。结果组内比较：与麻醉诱导前相比,术中与术毕两组患者收缩压、MAP均下降,观察组HR升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而舒张压、SpO2、呼吸频率均无明显变化。组间比较：术中两组患者收缩压、MAP及HR差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组与对照组麻醉诱导睫毛反射消失时间分别为：（63．1±7．1）s与（42．4±6．4）s,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;睁眼时间分别为：（3．1±0．5）rain与（1．9±0．4）min,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;观察组诱导兴奋期1例出现咳嗽。两组术中均无心律失常、术后均无嗜睡等不良反应发生。结论七氟烷用于宫腔镜下手术麻醉,诱导和苏醒过程迅速,麻醉维持平稳,对呼吸循环影响小,不良反应少。     

小儿日间手术麻醉中瑞芬太尼结合七氟烷的临床运用分析

目的分析小儿日间手术麻醉中瑞芬太尼结合七氟烷的临床运用效果。方法 60例行日间手术的患儿,依据简单随机抽样法分为对照组和实验组,各30例。对照组行丙泊酚结合氯胺酮麻醉,实验组行瑞芬太尼结合七氟烷麻醉。对比两组不同阶段生命体征变化情况、苏醒情况及不良反应发生情况。结果两组麻醉诱导前、麻醉诱导即刻、手术开始时、手术5 min、手术结束时,心率、血氧饱和度、平均动脉压对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。麻醉诱导即刻、手术开始时、手术5 min、手术结束时,两组心率、血氧饱和度、平均动脉压均高于本组麻醉诱导前,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组苏醒时间(10.20±4.11)min、自主呼吸恢复时间(8.95±2.57)min、睁眼时间(7.86±2.30)min均短于对照组的(16.40±4.20)、(13.02±2.84)、(12.54±2.46)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组不良反应发生率6.67%明显低于对照组的26.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小儿日间手术麻醉中瑞芬太尼结合七氟烷的对患者生命体征影响较小,术后苏醒快,且麻醉不良反应发生率较低,临床适用度较高,可优先选择。     

七氟醚与丙泊酚在神经外科麻醉恢复期效果比较

目的 研究七氟醚、丙泊酚对神经外科长时间麻醉维持后苏醒时间等的影响.方法 将50例神经外科择期手术患者随机分为七氟醚组和丙泊酚组各25例,麻醉维持首先根据BIS监测来调节七氟醚的吸入浓度或丙泊酚的静脉靶控浓度,使BIS维持在45～55之间,然后根据平均动脉压调节瑞芬太尼的输注速率,手术结束后停止麻醉药.观察两组的拔管时间、苏醒时间、定向力恢复时间、简单神经病学评估恢复时间等.结果 七氟醚麻醉后拔管时间、苏醒时间、简单神经病学评估恢复时间均明显小于丙泊酚组（均P＜0.05）,而定向力恢复时间,术后呕吐、寒战发生率差异无显著性.结论 七氟醚和丙泊酚都适合于需要快速苏醒的神经外科麻醉,其中七氟醚苏醒更迅速.     

Narcotrend脑电监测在休克早期患者麻醉中的探讨

目的探讨Narcotrend脑电监测在休克早期患者麻醉中的应用价值。方法选择休克早期的患者16例,ASAⅢ~Ⅳ级。随机分Narcotrend脑电监测组(A组)和对照组(B组)。A组以Narcotrend监测结果判断麻醉深度并调节麻醉用药,使Narcotrend指数(NI)维持在D0~D2水平;B组由同一麻醉医师根据临床经验调节麻醉用药。记录诱导和术中的脑电分级情况和诱导及术中的BP、HR、SpO2等生命体征,记录患者术毕的清醒时间、能被拔管情况及病死率。结果 A组诱导麻醉深度在预设目标水平D2~E1的比例明显高于B组(P<0.05);A组术中麻醉深度在预设目标水平D0~D2的比例亦明显高于B组(P<0.05);与B组比较,A组诱导、术中的生命体征中BP、HR等更平稳(P<0.05);术毕清醒并可拔除气管导管的例数更多(P<0.05),病死率更低。结论在休克早期患者中应用Narcotrend脑电监测指导麻醉,有助于提高患者抢救的成功率。     

比较七氟醚和丙泊酚对于内镜鼻窦手术术中出血的影响

目的比较七氟醚和丙泊酚对于内镜鼻窦手术术中出血的影响。方法择期行内镜鼻窦手术的患者30例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,年龄18～65岁,术前CT Lund-Mackay评分〉12分,随机分为,七氟醚组（S组）和丙泊酚组（P组）（n=15）。采用气管内静吸复合全身麻醉,术中持续输注雷米芬太尼0.1μg/（kg·min）,S组术中使用七氟醚吸入维持麻醉,P组使用血浆靶控输注丙泊酚维持麻醉,术中通过分别提高吸入或输注浓度加深麻醉,控制血压于在75%的基础压。术中监测脑双频指数（bispectral index,BIS）,分别测定患者术前的血红蛋白含量和吸引瓶中的血红蛋白含量计算失血量,并请手术医生使用VAS方法评估术中失血量。结果术中S组和P组BIS值分别为（44±6）和（36±7）,P组明显低于S组（P〈0.05）,S组和P组的失血量分别为（148.9±30）ml和（119.4±20）ml,P组明显少于S组（P〈0.05）,但失血量VAS主观评估的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论在内镜鼻窦手术中,使用七氟醚或丙泊酚维持麻醉时,丙泊酚可有效减少术中失血。     

吸入七氟烷基础麻醉合并骶管麻醉在小儿斜疝手术中应用

目的探讨吸入七氟烷基础麻醉合并骶管麻醉在小儿斜疝手术中的应用效果。方法选择凉山州第一人民医院2010年2月至2011年2月接受斜疝手术的1～6岁患儿80例,随机分为七氟烷吸入+骶管麻醉组(观察组,n=40)和丙泊酚组(对照组,n=40),观察比较两组患儿意识消失时间、术后清醒时间及并发症等情况。结果观察组意识消失时间(65.1±16.7)s、术后清醒时间(10.2±7.9)min显著短于对照组(155.1±13.6)s、(42.2±11.8)min,观察组术后并发症发生率均显著低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论七氟烷吸入基础麻醉合并骶管麻醉应用于小儿斜疝手术是安全有效的,具有意识消失时间和术后清醒时间短,术后并发症低等优点。     

Narcotrend 在硬膜外复合全身麻醉患者苏醒期意识恢复预测的评价

目的：观察Narcotrend麻醉深度监护仪对硬膜外复合七氟烷吸入麻醉患者苏醒期意识恢复的预测效果。方法40例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级在硬膜外复合全身麻醉下择期行肠道手术患者,丙泊酚复合苏芬太尼靶控输注诱导,手术期间通过硬膜外镇痛、七氟烷镇静、顺式阿曲库铵肌肉松弛来维持麻醉。手术结束入麻醉恢复室,记录刺激无体动反应（ T1）、呼之睁眼（T2）、定向力恢复（T3）时Narcotrend指数（Narcotrend Index,NI）、七氟烷最低肺泡有效浓度（MAC）、平均动脉压（MAP）和心率（HR）,通过相关参数计算出上述参数对意识恢复的预测概率（PK）。结果硬膜外复合全身麻醉监测NI值能够预测苏醒期患者意识的改变。 NI预测患者呼之睁眼时PK 值为（0．76±0．07）,预测定向力恢复时PK 值为（0．74±0．06）,高于0．5（P＜0.05）,也高于MAP和HR的相应得预测概率PK 值。苏醒期NI值与七氟烷MAC值的变化呈明显的负相关性,相关系数（r）为－0．896（P＜0．01）。结论 Narcotrend能有效地反映硬膜外复合全身麻醉下苏醒期患者意识水平的变化,其对苏醒期意识恢复的预测能力显著高于血流动力学指标。     

七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼在剖宫产术全身麻醉中的临床研究

目的 探讨七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼应用于剖宫产术全身麻醉中的效果,观察其对产妇循环及新生儿的影响,记录术中知晓发生情况,从而评价该方案的安全性与有效性.方法 选取广东省妇幼保健院在全麻下行择期剖宫产术的足月产妇60例,采用随机数字表法分为七氟醚组与异丙酚组,每组30例.分别记录麻醉诱导前、麻醉诱导后、胎儿娩出时、胎儿娩出后5 min各时点的血压、心率;记录胎儿娩出后l、5、10 min的Apgar评分及脐动脉血pH值,观察切子宫至胎儿娩出时间、子宫收缩情况、术中出血量及术中知晓情况.结果 异丙酚组麻醉诱导后、胎儿娩出时平均动脉压、心率明显低于麻醉诱导前[（65.4±7.2）、（66.3 ±8.5）mmHg（1 mmHg =0.133 kPa）比（89.1 ±8.3）mmHg,（61.0±9.4）、（63.0±8.4）次/min比（79.0±7.4）次/min] （P ＜0.05）,与七氟醚组麻醉诱导后、胎儿娩出时平均动脉压、心率比较[平均动脉压：（65.4±7.2）mmHg比（89.0±8.1）mmHg,（66.3±8.5） mmHg比（92.5±9.7） mmHg;心率：（61.0±9.4）次/min比（79.8±8.0）次/min,（63.0±8.4）次/min比（85.2±9.0）次/min],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.七氟醚组麻醉诱导前、诱导后、胎儿娩生时、胎儿娩生后5 min平均动脉压、心率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）[平均动脉压：（91.1 ±7.9）mmHg、（89.0±8.1）mmHg、（92.5±9.7） mmHg、（88.9±8.9） mmHg;心率：（83.8±7.7）次/min、（79.8±8.0）次/min、（85.2±9.0）次/min、（80.2±8.0）次/min].2组新生儿出生后l、5、10 min Apgar评分及脐动脉血pH值比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）[（9.1±0.9）分比（9.2±0.7）分、（9.0±1.0）分比（8.8±1.2）分、（9.2±0.6）分比（9.0±0.4）分、（7.3±0.1）比（7.2±0.3）].2组切子宫至胎儿娩出时间、子宫收缩情况及术中失血量比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）[（5.7±2.0）min比（4.6±1.0）min、16.7％ （5/30）比10.0％ （3/30）、（311±114） ml比（299±120） ml].2组均无术中知晓.结论 七氟醚联合瑞芬太尼应用于剖宫产术全身麻醉方案,诱导安全、平稳且可有效预防术中知晓的发生,掌握好给药时间及剂量,对产妇循环、子宫收缩及新生儿无明显影响.     

丙泊酚和七氟烷在患儿全身麻醉中对血流动力学、术后苏醒质量的影响对比研究

目的：评价丙泊酚与七氟烷在患儿全身麻醉中的应用效果。方法：选择我院择期手术的180例腹股沟斜疝患儿,随机分为丙泊酚麻醉组和七氟烷麻醉组各90例。连续监测患儿收缩压（SBP）、心率（HR）、心电图（ECG）、舒张压（DBP）、麻醉深度（BIS）、血氧饱和度（SpO2）、PETCO2。记录患儿麻醉诱导后（T1）、诱导前（T0）、气管插管即刻（T2）、插管后3min（T3）、手术完成时（T4）、睁眼时（T5）、完全清醒时（T6）的SBP、HR、DBP、BIS。结果：两组患儿组内各指标相比,麻醉诱导后收缩压和舒张压与诱导前比较明显下降（P＜0.05）,七氟烷组患儿手术完成时拔管时间和术后苏醒时间与丙泊酚组相比,显著缩短（P＜0.05）。结论：丙泊酚与七氟烷麻醉均能有效降压,稳定心率,维持相当的麻醉深度,但是七氟烷苏醒质量更好。     

面罩吸入七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼在小儿包皮环切术中的效果

目的探讨面罩吸入七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼在小儿包皮环切手术中的麻醉效果。方法患儿60例（3-9岁）,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,随机分为三组,七氟醚组（Ⅰ组）、丙泊酚组（Ⅱ组）和氯氨酮组（Ⅲ组）各20例。Ⅰ组面罩吸入七氟醚,静脉注射瑞芬太尼;Ⅱ组静脉注射瑞芬太尼及丙泊酚,Ⅲ组静脉注射氯氨酮。分别记录三组麻醉手术期间血流动力学的参数、血氧饱和度（SPO2）的变化和麻醉复苏的时间。结果Ⅰ组诱导后和手术时心率、血压基本保持平稳（P〉0．05）。U组在诱导后心率和血压下降较Ⅰ组明显（P〈0．05）,且Ⅱ组术中心率和血压波动明显（P〈0．05）。术后患儿自主睁眼和随意运动时间Ⅰ组明显早于Ⅲ组（P〈0．05）。结论面罩吸入七氟醚联合瑞芬太尼在小儿包皮环切手术中的麻醉平稳,效果确切,苏醒快。