共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
2.
Strain-specific circulating immunoglobulin G and/or M was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence test by using Formol-treated suspensions of Gardnerella vaginalis from 28 women with overt vaginitis but only three symptom-free subjects among 43 otherwise healthy women found to be colonized by G. vaginalis. Analogous but less stringent strain specificity patterns were elicited by immunization of BALB/c mice. 相似文献
4.
Lipoglycans extracted from Acholeplasma species with hot aqueous phenol were immunogenic for rabbits when introduced by an appropriate method. All lipoglycans examined elicited antibody associated with a heavy, 2-mercaptoethanol-sensitive immunoglobulin fraction when inoculated intravenously adsorbed to autologous rabbit erythrocytes. This antibody was specific for the Acholeplasma species from which the lipoglycan was extracted. Extensive immunization of these animals with acholeplasmal lipoglycans produced significant increases in sheep erythrocyte hemolysin. Some, but not all, Acholeplasma species yielded lipoglycans that were immunogenic when emulsified with Freund complete adjuvant and introduced via the footpad into rabbits. Such animals produced antibodies corresponding to the M and G immunoglobulin classes that reacted with both homologous and heterologous acholeplasmal lipoglycans by precipitation in immunodiffusion as well as passive hemagglutination. None of the animals inoculated demonstrated a significant anamnestic response after booster injections either intravenously or via the footpads. 相似文献
7.
An assay capable of distinguishing between the immune response generated by recent exposure to rubella virus and the immune response existing as a result of past exposure or immunization is required for the diagnosis of primary rubella virus infection, especially in pregnant women. Avidity assays, which are based on the premise that chaotropic agents can be used to selectively dissociate the low-avidity antibodies generated early in the course of infection, have become routinely used in an effort to accomplish this. We have thoroughly investigated the immunological basis of an avidity assay using a viral lysate-based assay and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on a peptide analogue of the putative immunodominant region of the E1 glycoprotein (E1208-239). The relative affinities of the antibodies directed against E1208-239 were measured by surface plasmon resonance and were found to correlate well with the avidity index calculated from the ELISA results. We found that the immune response generated during primary rubella virus infection consists of an initial low-affinity peak of immunoglobulin M (IgM) reactivity followed by transient peaks of low-avidity IgG3 and IgA reactivity. The predominant response is an IgG1 response which increases in concentration and affinity progressively over the course of infection. Incubation with the chaotropic agent used in the avidity assay abolished the detection of the early low-affinity peaks of IgM, IgA, and IgG3 reactivity while leaving the high-affinity IgG1 response relatively unaffected. The present study supported the premise that avidity assays based on appropriate antigens can be useful to confirm primary rubella virus infection. 相似文献
9.
Human serum antibody responses to antigens from a suspected oral pathogen, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), were studied. IgG and IgM isotype antibodies to four antigen preparations, sonicate antigen (SA), leukotoxin (LT), group carbohydrate (LG), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were determined using an ELISA. An ELISA inhibition technique was developed to show that human serum antibodies reacting with the LT, LG, or LPS materials were binding to different antigenic moieties in each preparation. Cross-sectional studies of serum IgG antibodies showed that patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) had a greater frequency of occurrence and a higher level of antibodies to the SA (82%), LT (70%), and LG (62%) antigens compared to all other diseased (11-46%) or normal (4-13%) groups. Serum IgM antibodies to LPS were increased in LJP, generalized juvenile periodontitis, and adult periodontitis patients compared to all other groups. Therefore, while both IgG and IgM antibodies were found against various Aa antigens, the detection of IgG antibodies was most clearly associated with the specific disease classification of LJP. Blocking studies suggested that the human serum responses were specific for the Aa antigens and that the LT, LG, and LPS comprise major antigenic determinants on the organisms to which human serum antibody reacts. 相似文献
11.
Hemophiliacs require frequent infusions of allogeneic proteins to control bleeding. Previous reports have demonstrated that thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) from hemophiliacs are antigenically primed to the lyophilized antihemophilic factor and that natural killer cells from hemophiliacs demonstrate impaired response to interferon-beta and -gamma Some aspects of the humoral immune response were investigated in eight patients who require large amounts of Factor VIII. Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia was detected in six patients and seven had elevated titers of autoantibodies of various specificities. There was no evidence of impaired concanavalin A-inducible T-suppressor cell activity. Polyclonal immunoglobulin secretion secondary to pokeweed mitogen in vitro was elevated in three of eight patients and depressed in five. Spontaneous production of both B-cell growth and differentiation factors (BCGF and BCDF) was elevated but mitogen-induced production was impaired. These data demonstrate that the humoral immune response of hemophiliacs may be chronically stimulated, thus impairing their ability to respond to new antigens such as viruses. 相似文献
12.
The humoral innate immune response consists of multiple components, including the naturally occurring antibodies (NAb), pentraxins and the complement and contact cascades. As soluble, plasma components, these innate proteins provide key elements in the prevention and control of disease. However, pathogens and cells with altered self proteins utilize multiple humoral components to evade destruction and promote pathology. Many studies have examined the relationship between humoral immunity and autoimmune disorders. This review focuses on the interactions between the humoral components and their role in promoting the pathogenesis of bacterial and viral infections and chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer. Understanding the beneficial and detrimental aspects of the individual components and the interactions between proteins which regulate the innate and adaptive response will provide therapeutic targets for subsequent studies. 相似文献
13.
Bacteroides gingivalis fimbrial antigen incorporated into liposomes, but not in Tris-HCl buffer, significantly raised the levels of anti-fimbriae antibodies in serum, particularly of the IgG class, after oral primary and booster immunizations in BALB/c mice. An approximately linear relationship was observed between the dose of fimbrial antigen and the level of fimbriae-specific antibodies produced; antibody production reached its maximum at an immunization dosage of 500 micrograms of fimbriae per mouse. Fimbriae-specific antibody production was enhanced by use of a semi-synthetic adjuvant, a stearoyl derivative of sodium beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl-(1----4)-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-(L) - stearoyl-(D)-meso-diamino-pimelic acid-(D)-amide-D-alanine (GM)-53) in liposomes. High anti-fimbriae antibody levels in serum and saliva were maintained for several months in the mice that had received two orally administered boosters of fimbrial antigen with GM-53 in liposomes. Salivary anti-fimbriae antibody levels, particularly of the IgA class, were markedly raised. 相似文献
14.
Vaccines made from the capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae have been shown to reduce the incidence of pneumococcal disease in certain populations and have recently been evaluated for their ability to elicit protection against experimental pneumococcal otitis media in a chinchilla model. In this study, chinchillas were vaccinated with a dodecavalent preparation of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PCP) to obtain more information on the immunogenicity of these polysaccharide antigens. All 12 PCP types elicited an antibody response, but the optimum PCP dose and the kinetics of the antibody response varied among types. Immunological paralysis was demonstrated with an immunogenic dose of PCP after primary immunization with a large PCP dose (25 micrograms or more). Pertussis vaccine acted as neither an immunoadjuvant nor an immunosuppressant in the serum antibody response to type 7F PCP in chinchillas. 相似文献
15.
Measles immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroepidemiologic studies have been widely used to monitor the effectiveness of measles immunization programs in Taiwan. However, studies about cellular immunity against the measles virus have been lacking. This study surveyed cellular immunity after measles, mumps and rubella combined vaccine (MMR) immunization in Taiwan. Seventy six people between 1 and 80 years of age were enrolled. All patients lived in northern Taiwan, and none of them had immunodeficient disease. Every enrolled patient donated a tube of heparinized blood between January 2004 and June 2004 for cross-sectional studies of IgG seroepidemiologic and MMR-specific lymphoproliferative response. The results showed that the current 3-dose (measles x 1 + MMR x 2) measles immunization program induced slightly higher IgG seroprevalence (100% vs 85%, p=0.244) and a higher frequency of significant (stimulation indices > or = 3) MMR-specific lymphoproliferative response (50% vs 15%, p=0.044) than a 2-dose (measles x 1 + MMR x 1) immunization program, although there was no difference in IgG titers and stimulation indices. Furthermore, the population aged older than 36 years (pre-immunization era) had higher IgG titers and seroprevalence, and similar MMR-specific lymphoproliferative responses to that of the population aged younger than 36 years (post-immunization era). In summary, with the limited data, the current 3-dose (measles x 1 + MMR x 2) measles immunization policy probably more effectively induces humoral and cellular immunity than the 2-dose (measles x 1 + MMR x 1) policy. Measles IgG seroprevalence in populations of different age groups exceeds nearly 90%. Measles has been eliminated temporarily in Taiwan. For a better understanding of the durability of vaccine-induced immunity and in order to establish the most appropriate immunization schedule, long-term and large-scale prospective studies of measles-specific seroepidemiology and cellular immunity will be needed. 相似文献
16.
We investigated the antibody response in women with postpartum fever from whom Ureaplasma urealyticum had been isolated from the bloodstream. Acute- and convalescent-phase sera were tested for immunoglobulin G to the polypeptides of five serovars (1, 2, 3, 4, and 8), representing the two genomic clusters of U. urealyticum, by the immunoblotting (Western) method. Convalescent-phase sera from the five patients reacted more intensely and with more (up to 27) polypeptides from each of the five serovars, whereas acute-phase sera reacted weakly and with few polypeptides. Although antibody responses in these women with systemic infection could be detected by the use of any of the five different serovars as antigens, the patterns that were produced differed clearly between the two genetic clusters (serovars 1 and 3 versus serovars 2, 4, and 8). Apparently, a single serovar could be used to detect ureaplasmal antibodies in humans regardless of the serovar of the infecting strain. 相似文献
17.
The humoral immune responses of patients with periodontitis were evaluated to characterize the host response to Porphyromonas gingivalis. A sonic extract of P. gingivalis 381 from whole cells was fractionated by gel chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. The fractionated extracts were evaluated by Western blot (immunoblot) analyses with patient sera. A dominant antigen was identified from the sonic extract with an apparent molecular mass of 53 kDa. The 53-kDa protein antigen (Ag53) was purified by affinity chromatography by using a monoclonal antibody. Ag53 was detected on the vesicle surface of P. gingivalis 381 by immunoelectron microscopy by using the monoclonal antibody and was detected as a major protein in the outer membrane and in vesicles by Western blot analysis. Monoclonal antibody cross-reactivity to Ag53 in the sonic extracts of P. gingivalis ATCC 33277, P. gingivalis 1021, and Porphyromonas endodontalis ATCC 35406 was revealed. Seventy-seven patients with periodontitis were examined for their responses to Ag53. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) from 54 patients reacted strongly to Ag53; however, serum IgG from the remaining 23 patients did not exhibit detectable reactivity at all to Ag53, even though the patients had high serum IgG titers to the sonic extract. Ag53 is a new marker that represents an interesting aspect of the humoral immune response to P. gingivalis in patients with periodontitis. 相似文献
18.
A single dose of inactivated mumps virus vaccine was administered to male patients with IgA glomerulonephritis (IgA-GN), IgM glomerulonephritis (IgM-GN) and to healthy males. Antibodies to mumps virus were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients with IgA-GN showed a higher and more sustained IgG and IgA antibody response compared to patients with IgM-GN or healthy controls. Before vaccination, patients with IgM-GN had higher levels of IgG antibodies than the controls or those with IgA-GN. However, the IgA antibody and IgG responses after vaccination were low. IgM antibody responses did not vary among the groups studied. It is concluded that patients with IgA-GN are high responders for IgA and IgG antibody production. Patients with IgM-GN are low responders, especially for IgA antibody. 相似文献
19.
The aim of this study was to explore the potential value of autoantibody to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the diagnosis of lung cancer (LC) and its relation with EGFR mutations. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the level of autoantibody to EGFR in sera from 254 LC patients and 222 normal controls (NCs). Besides, the mRNA and protein levels of EGFR were investigated in Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database, respectively. The level of autoantibody to EGFR (anti-EGFR) in LC even different types of LC was obviously higher than that in NC (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of anti-EGFR was 0.695 (95% CI 0.645–0.742) when comparing LC patients with NC, while the AUC of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was 0.681 (95% CI 0.629–0.730). Moreover, by integrating anti-EGFR with CEA to diagnose LC, the AUC was up to 0.784 (95% CI 0.737–0.826). However, the expression level of autoantibody to EGFR had no difference between LC patients with and without EGFR gene mutation (P > 0.05). EGFR mRNA expression level was obviously upregulated in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tissues compared with normal tissues (P < 0.05), but not in adenocarcinoma (ADC) (P > 0.05). The study confirmed that anti-EGFR could be a potential biomarker for LC diagnosis; additionally, it could improve the diagnostic value of CEA in clinical work. 相似文献
20.
The rotavirus non-structural protein 4 (NSP4) has been shown to play a crucial role in rotavirus-induced diarrhea, acting as a viral enterotoxin. It has also been demonstrated that antibody to NSP4 can reduce the severity of rotavirus-induced diarrhea in newborn mice. Two recombinant baculoviruses, expressing the NSP4 protein from the SA11 and Wa rotavirus strains, genotypes A and B, respectively, were used to produce and purify these glycoproteins, which were applied as antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to test the specific antibody response to NSP4 in human sera. Serum samples from 30 children convalescing from a rotavirus infection, from 54 healthy children under 5-years-old, and from 49 adults were tested to determine the presence of antibodies to the viral enterotoxin and to rotavirus structural proteins. Seventy percent of the sera from rotavirus-infected children showed an IgG antibody response to either one or both NSP4 proteins used in this study, although the response was weak. However, IgG antibodies towards either one or both NSP4 proteins were only detected in 26% of the non-convalescent healthy children and in only 18% of the adults. No serum IgA antibodies towards NSP4 were found in this study. IgG antibody recognition of the NSP4 protein from the SA11 and Wa rotavirus strains was not always heterotypic. 相似文献
|