白花蛇舌草总黄酮的免疫调节作用

目的　研究白花蛇舌草总黄酮(FOD)的免疫调节作用。方法　通过测定小鼠脾细胞IgM抗体形成,脾淋巴细胞的增殖反应,小鼠血清IL- 2和IFN -γ含量以及观察对小鼠白细胞数量的影响,研究白花蛇舌草总黄酮的免疫调节作用。结果　白花蛇舌草总黄酮(15、30、60mg·kg-1 )促进免疫功能低下小鼠由ConA或LPS诱导的脾淋巴细胞的增殖反应,并提高小鼠血清IL 2和IFN -γ的含量;白花蛇舌草总黄酮(60mg·kg-1 )促进免疫功能低下小鼠脾脏IgM抗体形成,并升高抗肿瘤药物(环磷酰胺或阿糖胞苷)所致的小鼠白细胞减少。结论　白花蛇舌草总黄酮具有增强机体特异性免疫功能和非特异性免疫功能的作用。     

健脾升白合剂升高白细胞作用研究

目的:观察健脾升白合剂对化疗引起的白细胞减少症的预防和治疗作用.方法:以环磷酰胺腹腔注射造成小鼠白细胞减少症模型,用健脾升白合荆进行治疗,对模型小鼠外周血象和骨髓造血功能进行检测.结果:健脾升白合剂可明显对抗模型小鼠的白细胞减少.结论:健脾升白合剂可保护小鼠外周血中白细胞免受环磷酰胺的伤害.同时对白细胞的提高有一定的促进作用.     

灵芪红胶囊对放化疗所致小鼠白细胞减少症的治疗作用

目的 研究灵芪红胶囊对环磷酰胺和60Co-γ射线照射所致小鼠白细胞减少症的治疗作用,及其升高白细胞的作用机理.方法 采用环磷酰胺和60Co-γ射线造模,观察灵芪红胶囊对两个模型所致白细胞减少症的作用.分别测定骨骼造血干细胞脾脏节结(CFU-S)和人粒-巨噬系祖细胞集落(CFU-GM)及外周白细胞数和骨髓DNA.结果 环磷酰胺和60Co-γ射线照射能使小鼠骨髓白细胞生成减少,灵芪红胶囊能减少环磷酰胺和60Co-γ对小鼠造血系统的损伤作用.结论 灵芪红胶囊升白细胞的作用优于盐酸小檗胺 .     

海牡方对环磷酰胺所致小鼠造血功能损伤的保护作用

目的 研究中药复方制剂海牡方对小鼠造血功能损伤的保护作用。方法 单次尾静脉给予大剂量(250 mg/kg)的环磷酰胺建立小鼠白细胞减少症模型;灌胃给予不同剂量的海牡方受试物,观察对小鼠血细胞、骨髓细胞DNA含量等的影响。结果 海牡方可以促进模型小鼠的白细胞、红细胞及血小板计数水平的恢复(p<0.01),缓解骨髓细胞DNA含量的降低。结论 海牡方能促进环磷酰胺模型小鼠造血机能的恢复,对环磷酰胺所致骨髓损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

黄芪多糖对小鼠化疗中白细胞和骨髓有核细胞减少的影响

目的　探讨黄芪多糖对小鼠在化疗中白细胞和骨髓有核细胞减少的影响。方法　以环磷酰胺引起小鼠白细胞和骨髓有核细胞减少造模。常规计数外周血白细胞数量 ;取股骨测定骨髓有核细胞数量 ;同时采用ID50 法 ,观察黄芪多糖对小鼠环磷酰胺毒性的保护作用。结果　黄芪多糖对小鼠环磷酰胺毒性的小鼠存活率分别提高 2 0 % ,30 % ,5 0 % ,其中以 10 0mg·kg-1黄芪多糖保护作用最为明显 ,对小鼠骨髓有核细胞数和外周血白细胞数量分别提高 86 .8± 10 .4和 72 .1± 14 .2。结论　黄芪多糖对环磷酰胺致小鼠骨髓有核细胞数和外周血白细胞减少及其毒性有明显保护作用     

阿胶铁口服液对小鼠白细胞减少症的影响

目的 研究阿胶铁口服液(DGI)对环磷酰胺致小鼠白细胞减少症的影响.方法 给予小鼠ip环磷酰胺,制作白细胞减少症模型,用DGI治疗,检测模型小鼠外周血象(PH)、胸腺指数(TGI)、脾脏指数(SI)、肝脏指数(LI)、骨髓有核细胞数(BMKC)和细胞周期(CLC),并观察骨髓组织的病理切片.结果 DGI可明显升高模型小鼠的白细胞数(WBC)、血红蛋白数(HB)、红细胞数(RBC)、TGI、SI,并可促进骨髓有核细胞CLC的恢复,与模型组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 DGI对环磷酰胺所致的WBC减少具有明显促进升白作用.     

白花蛇舌草总黄酮的抗炎及抗菌作用

目的观察白花蛇舌草总黄酮抗炎及抗菌作用。方法采用二甲苯诱导小鼠耳肿胀模型、大鼠松节油气囊肉芽增生模型、新鲜蛋清诱导大鼠足爪肿胀模型、醋酸所致小鼠毛细血管通透性增高试验和体外抗菌试验,观察白花蛇舌草总黄酮的抗炎及抗菌作用。结果白花蛇舌草总黄酮(15、30、60mg·kg-1)对二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳肿胀和醋酸所致小鼠毛细血管通透性增高有一定的抑制作用;白花蛇舌草总黄酮(12、24、48mg·kg-1)对大鼠松节油气囊肉芽增生和新鲜蛋清诱导大鼠足爪肿胀亦有明显的抑制作用;在体外,白花蛇舌草总黄酮对球菌和杆菌均具有不同程度的抑菌和杀菌作用,且对球菌的作用优于杆菌。结论白花蛇舌草总黄酮具有抗炎及抗菌作用。     

中药“复方乳痛灵”制剂的配制与疗效

中药“复方乳痛灵”是我院治疗乳腺增生病常用制剂。我院外科根据疏肝理气、活血化瘀和消痰散结的理论,自拟出以柴胡、香附、当归、丹参、王不留行、海藻、皂刺、白花蛇舌草、黄芪、白芥子,鹿角霜为配方,在汤剂的基础上,改进制成蜜丸、浓缩丸、片剂,应用于临床治疗乳腺增生病。现将蜜丸、浓缩丸、片剂的制备工艺及治疗乳腺增生病情况简要介绍如下: 制剂的制备处方: 柴胡12克香附12克白芍12克当归9克丹参12克王不留行12克海藻9克皂刺9克白花蛇舌草15克黄芪15克白芥子     

白花蛇舌草对鼠宫颈癌细胞抑制作用研究

目的 探讨白花蛇舌草对宫颈癌细胞的抑制作用.方法 对60只裸鼠建立裸鼠人宫颈癌细胞移植模型,当鼠宫颈癌肿瘤生长到1cm时将60只裸鼠随机分成两组,给药组与对照组各30只.给药组给予白花蛇舌草水煎液胃内灌药.观察比较两组荷瘤小鼠宫颈癌细胞的抑制率、小鼠的生存时间、HeLa细胞Ki-67抗原蛋白的表达率以及肿瘤组织凋亡上的差异.结果 给药组小鼠的生存时间较对照组生存时间长.白花蛇舌草对 HeLa细胞移植瘤生长有明显抑制作用,并可诱导HeLa细胞凋亡,Ki-67蛋白的表达下降( P＜0.05).结论 白花蛇舌草对宫颈癌细胞有抑瘤增殖和诱导、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡的作用.     

黄芪和当归不同配伍提取物对造模小鼠白细胞的影响

目的：观察黄芪和当归不同配伍提取物对造模小鼠白细胞的影响。方法：选用环磷酰胺造成小鼠白细胞减少模型，灌服不同配比黄芪和当归提取物，测定小鼠白细胞计数。结果：黄芪当归5：1提取物能明显升高模型小鼠的白细胞计数，使白细胞数量恢复到正常水平（P〈0．01）。结论：黄芪当归5：1提取物能有效抑制环磷酰胺所造成的小鼠白细胞下降。     

Effect of ZL-004 on raising leukocyte count

This study is to investigate the effect of ZL-004 on normal mouse and mice with leukopenia induced by chemotherapeutic agents. 5-Fluorouracil were administered intraperitoneally to mice to develop leucopenia, and the mice were treated with ZL-004. The number of peripheral leukocytes and the percentage of granulocyte in total WBC were examined. The results are that ZL-004 markedly raise peripheral blood leukocytes in the normal mice and the mice model of leukopenia. So, ZL-004 could protect mice against 5-fluorouracil damage and raise peripheral blood leukocyte. Features of bone marrow smears is myeloproliferative hyperactivity in the mice, particularly the matured granulocytic series were observed. The mechanism of ZL-004 is to act on the mouse bone marrow causing proliferation and differentiation.     

黄芪多糖与黄芪甲苷配伍对辐射损伤模型小鼠的保护作用

目的:研究黄芪多糖与黄芪甲苷配伍对辐射损伤模型小鼠的保护作用。方法:100只雌性ICR小鼠随机分为正常对照(等容生理盐水)组、黄芪多糖对照(80 mg/kg)组、黄芪甲苷对照(80 mg/kg)组、模型(等容生理盐水)组、黄芪多糖(80 mg/kg)组、黄芪甲苷(80 mg/kg)组与联合用药①、②、③、④(黄芪多糖80、40、20、80 mg/kg+黄芪甲苷20、40、80、80 mg/kg)组。灌胃给药,每天1次,连续14 d。末次给药后小鼠接受60Coγ射线(剂量:5 cy)一次性全身辐射以复制辐射损伤模型。测定小鼠30 d存活率和死亡小鼠平均存活时间;肝脏HE染色光镜下观察小鼠肝组织形态学;测定小鼠外周血白细胞数、骨髓细胞DNA含量、血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果:与正常对照组比较,模型组小鼠30 d存活率降低,死亡小鼠平均存活时间缩短;小鼠肝细胞广泛肿胀,出现大滴性脂肪变、气球样变,肝脏细胞点状坏死严重,炎性因子大面积浸润组织;外周白细胞计数减少;骨髓细胞DNA含量减少;血清SOD活性减弱,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,联合用药①、②、③、④组小鼠30 d存活率升高,死亡小鼠平均存活时间延长,外周白细胞计数增加,骨髓细胞DNA含量增加,小鼠肝细胞形态学明显改善;联合用药①、②、③组小鼠血清中SOD活性增强,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:黄芪多糖与黄芪甲苷配伍是通过多靶点发挥作用,其中黄芪多糖与黄芪甲苷质量比为4∶1时配伍效果最佳。     

黄芪与红芪提取物对衰老模型小鼠脑组织抗氧化能力和海马结构功能的影响

目的 研究黄芪、红芪提取物的抗衰老作用。方法 采用D-半乳糖建立小鼠衰老模型,分别灌服同剂量黄芪与红芪提取物进行抗衰老实验。UV检测脑组织T-AOC、SOD活力和MDA含量,单细胞凝胶电泳检测脑细胞DNA损伤。光镜和电镜观察其脑组织学和海马超微结构的改变。结果 黄芪高剂量组,红芪中、高剂量组能显著提高衰老模型小鼠脑组织T-AOC、SOD活性,显著降低MDA含量,明显减轻DNA损伤,明显减轻海马神经元形态结构衰老。结论 黄芪、红芪提取物具有明显的延缓衰老作用,其作用机制可能与提高机体抗氧化能力,减轻自由基对脑细胞DNA的损伤,维护海马区神经细胞的结构完整性,改善或延迟脑组织和神经元退行性变有关。     

当归多糖与黄芪多糖配伍对辐射损伤模型小鼠的保护作用

目的：研究当归多糖与黄芪多糖配伍对辐射损伤模型小鼠的保护作用。方法采用60Coγ射线对小鼠进行全身照射复制辐射损伤模型。以小鼠30 d存活率和死亡小鼠平均存活时间、小鼠外周血白细胞数、骨髓细胞DNA含量、血清丙二醛（ MDA）含量为指标,观察当归多糖、黄芪多糖及其不同比例配伍对辐射损伤模型小鼠的保护作用。结果在当归多糖、黄芪多糖及其不同比例配伍的药物保护组中,小鼠30 d平均存活率升高,死亡小鼠平均存活时间延长,外周白细胞计数增加,骨髓细胞DNA含量增加,MDA含量降低。结论当归多糖、黄芪多糖及其不同比例配伍对辐射损伤模型小鼠均有一定的保护作用,其中以当归多糖∶黄芪多糖（3∶1）配伍的效果最佳。     

Induction of hemopoiesis by saenghyuldan,a mixture of Ginseng radix,Paeoniae radix alba,and Hominis placenta extracts

AIM：To examine the efficacy of Saenghyuldan and its components,Ginseng Radix ,Paeoniae Radix Alba,and Hominis Placentsa extracts (SHD,GR,PRA,and HP,respectively) on the hempopoiesis in a myelosuppression model system.METHODS:Susceptibility to cyclophosphamide(CP) and S 180 carcinoma was determined in SHD,GR,PRA,and HP-treated mice,Analysis of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells as demonstrated by changes in cell types and histopathologic examination.The expression of cytokine mRNAs involved in hemooiesis was examined by RT-PCR,RESULTS:SHD and its seperated components (GR,HP,and PRA ,respectively)significantly increased the survival in CP-and S 180-treated mice.The hematology data demonstrated that all the agents augmented monocyte and leucocyte counts in the peripheral blood and increased bone marrow density and the ratio of leukocyte to erythrocyte in the bone marrow.These findings were positively correlated with the u-regulation of cytokine mRNA expression such as granulocty colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF),erythropoietin(EPO),thrombopoietin(TPO),stem cell factor (SCF),and c-Kit.CONCLUSION:SHD is an effective remedy for the bone marrow failure and myelosuppression occurring during chemotherapy.     

Investigation on the marker substances of crude drugs in formulations. I. Marker substances for the identification of astragali radix in kampo and drinkable preparations]

There are few reports about marker substances for the identification of Astragali Radix in formulations. First, constituents analysis was performed by HPLC for the screening of a marker substance, using several lots of Astragali Radix and its fluid extracts. As a result of the analysis, one of the main components was clearly detected even in the fluid extracts, and thought to be a good marker substance. This component was identified to be calycosin (7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone) by the structural analysis. Then, the identification methods of Astragali Radix and its fluid extracts in formulations were investigated with an Astragali Radix extract as a reference standard solution and calycosin as a marker substance. This method was applied to three different kinds of Kampo formulations and three different kinds of drinkable preparations. Consequently, calycosin was clearly detected by a HPLC-multi wavelength detector system, in all investigated formulations. Calycosin will be successfully used as a marker substance for the identification of Astragali Radix and its fluid extracts in formulations.     

混合真菌多糖制剂对小鼠耐力及免疫功能的影响

研究混合真菌多糖制剂对小鼠耐力及免疫功能的影响。方法：混合真菌多糖制剂按４．０、８．０ｇ／ｋｇ连续灌胃给药 ７ ｄ,分别测定小鼠耐缺氧能力、抗疲劳作用、免疫器官称重以及网状内皮系统吞噬功能等。结果：混合真菌多数能明显提高小鼠的耐缺氧及抗疲劳能力,促进正常小鼠免疫器官重量增加,增加网状内皮系统的吞噬功能,并能使环磷酸胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠外周血白细胞增加,促进骨髓有核细胞增殖及增加脾指数。结论：混合真菌多精制剂具有增强机体免疫功能及升高白细胞等作用。     

SELENATE- AND SELENOMETHIONINE-INDUCED LEUKOPENIA IN ICR FEMALE MICE

The investigations reported here were conducted to gain a better understanding of the comparative toxicity of selenium. Sodium selenate and selenomethionine were administered to young adult ICR female mice. Peripheral leukocyte counts and ratios of agranulocyte (Ag) to granulocyte (G) leukocytes were determined from blood that was collected at regularly scheduled intervals. Data indicated that both forms of selenium induced a transient yet marked decrease in the number of circulating leukocytes (leukopenia) following serial injections ( 2 mg Se/ kg/injection) . The leukopenia was more extensive and of a greater duration for selenomethionine-treated mice. For selenate-injected anim als the Ag/ G ratio increased sharply while the ratio shift for selenomethionine-injected mice was significantly less. Data are interpreted in regard to the different possible modes of action of selenate and selenomethionine on peripheral leukocytes causing leukopenia and the variable Ag/G ratio values.     

黄芪口服液制备工艺的优选

目的优选黄芪口服液的制备工艺。方法采用正交设计法,考察提取时间、次数、加水量及壳聚糖在药液中的浓度等4个因素。以黄芪甲苷含量为指标成分。结果壳聚糖絮凝法可代替醇沉法用于黄芪口服液的澄清工艺。最佳制备工艺:选用壳聚糖在药液中浓度为0.07,澄清,加药材8倍量水提取3次,每次3h。结论本制剂稳定。测定方法重复性好。     

Accelerated recovery from cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia in mice administered a Japanese ethical herbal drug, Hochu-ekki-to

The effect of a Japanese ethical herbal drug, Hochu-ekki-to (HOT), on recovery from leukopenia induced by cyclophosphamide (CY) was investigated. Daily oral administration of 1000 mg/kg HOT into CY-treated mice significantly prevented decrease of leukocyte numbers in the peripheral blood and accelerated recovery from leukopenia. Ginsenoside Rgl extracted from Ginseng radix, a major herb of HOT, was one of the active ingredients. HOT increased numbers of neutrophils and monocytes in the peripheral blood compared with CY-treated control. Moreover, HOT augmented the resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. The number of colony-forming units in the spleen (CFU-S) also increased in HOT-treated mice. The frequencies of IL-3-, GM-CSF- and IFN-gamma-producing cells increased in the spleen, bone marrow, liver and IEL on HOT treatment, and HOT clearly augmented the expressions of IL-3, GM-CSF and IFN-gamma mRNA in the spleen, bone marrow, liver and IEL except IL-3 and IFN-gamma mRNA in the IEL. These results suggest that HOT enhances the production of hematopoietic lymphokines, stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells and consequently accelerates recovery from leukopenia in CY-treated mice. Additionally, IFN-gamma which HOT-augmented the production may contribute the protective effect against the bacterial infection by activating of phagocyte cells.