腺苷和运动试验201T1心肌灌注显像诊断女性冠心病价值比较

目的对比腺苷试验和运动试验201T1心肌灌注显像诊断女性冠心病的价值。方法采用随机对照研究,观察138例女性冠心病疑似病例,按随机数字表法将其分为腺苷试验组和运动试验组,每组69例,分别进行201T1心肌灌注显像,并在1周内行冠状动脉造影检查。负荷心肌灌注显像按心肌缺血严重程度与缺血范围分析,冠状动脉造影按主要血管狭窄程度（〉50％为冠心病）分析。以冠状动脉造影结果为“金标准”,比较腺苷和运动试验对女性冠心病的诊断灵敏度、准确性、阴性预测值和假阳性率。2组间比较采用x2检验或确切概率法。结果腺苷试验方法对女性冠心病诊断的灵敏度、阴性预测值、准确性分别为88．2％（45／51）、72．7％（16／22）和88．4％（61／69）;运动试验组分别为91．7％（44／48）、66．7％（8／12）和81．2％（52／64）,二者间差异无统计学意义（x2=0．571,n714,0．249,P〉0．05）。腺苷试验组假阳性率低于运动试验组[11．1％（2／18）与50．0％（8／16）,P=0．023]。结论对于女性冠心病患者,腺苷试验心肌灌注显像与运动试验心肌灌注显像同样有效,且腺苷试验的诊断假阳性率低。     

国产腺苷试验与运动试验心肌显像比较

负荷试验心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断和评价有重要价值.笔者利用国产腺苷作为核素心肌灌注显像负荷药物,评价其对冠心病的诊断价值,并与运动试验心肌灌注显像比较,现报道如下.     

冠状动脉痉挛患者心电图及201Tl心肌灌注显像负荷试验的特征

目的探讨冠状动脉痉挛患者心电图运动试验和201Tl心肌灌注显像双嘧达莫(潘生丁)试验的特征及非创伤性检测冠状动脉痉挛的理想方法.方法以临床上52例具有胸痛、冠状动脉造影无显著狭窄而接受乙酰胆碱试验的患者为研究对象,进行心电图活动平板运动试验和201Tl心肌灌注显像双嘧达莫试验,探讨其试验结果与冠状动脉痉挛的关系.结果52例受检者中阳性即冠状动脉痉挛患者42例,多以静息性胸闷为主,不同于冠状动脉狭窄所引起的劳累性胸痛;10例阴性患者多以与活动和休息无关的刺痛为主.心电图运动试验阳性3例.52例患者中48例201Tl心肌灌注显像呈反向再分布.单纯反向再分布预测冠状动脉痉挛的灵敏度和特异性分别为100%和40%;而以同时具备静息性胸闷、运动试验阴性和反向再分布3个特征预测冠状动脉痉挛的灵敏度和特异性分别为98%和90%.结论反向再分布可能是冠状动脉痉挛的特征之一;同时具备静息性胸闷、运动试验阴性和反向再分布是预测冠状动脉痉挛较理想的非创伤性方法.     

冠心病患者201Tl和99Tcm-MIBI双核素心肌灌注显像

目的探讨静息201Tl/负荷99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)双核素心肌SPECT显像在冠心病诊断中的价值.方法对36例冠心病患者行201Tl负荷-延迟再分布心肌SPECT显像;常规潘生丁药物负荷高峰时,静脉注射201Tl 111～148 MBq,15 min后进行心肌显像.对23例冠心病患者和9例正常人行静息201Tl负荷、99Tcm-MIBI双核素心肌SPECT显像,静息状态注射201Tl 111～148 MBq,注射后5 min给予潘生丁药物负荷,高峰时注射99Tcm-MIBI 925 MBq.1 h后行双核素显像.结果 36例冠心病患者201Tl负荷-延迟再分布心肌显像的阳性率为83.33%,23例冠心病患者双核素心肌显像的阳性率为100%,两组阳性率比较差异有显著性(χ2=4.267,P=0.043).9例正常受检者均为阴性.结论双核素心肌显像对冠心病的检出率较高,省时、安全并可获得高质量图像,对冠心病诊断有较高临床价值.     

常规~(201)TI心肌灌注延迟显像后再次加注核素显像的诊断意义

为了进一步提高~(201)Tl心肌灌注显像在冠状动脉旁路手术(CABG)前的诊断预测价值,作者为24例病人除了作常规的运动后即刻和3小时延迟~(201)Tl心肌灌注SPECT显像(100MBq~(201)Tl)外,在延迟显像结束后再加注40MBq,10分钟后再作     

负荷-静息心肌灌注显像对老年人冠心病的诊断价值

目的探讨负荷-静息心肌灌注显像对老年人冠心病的诊断价值。方法205例疑诊冠心病的老年患者[≥60（67±5）岁],行^99Tc^m-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）负荷-静息心肌灌注显像（运动负荷185例,药物负荷20例）和冠状动脉造影检查,排除曾行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）及冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）者。以冠状动脉造影为“金标准”,评价负荷-静息心肌灌注显像诊断老年冠心病的灵敏度、特异性和准确性。采用SPSS 15．0软件对数据行χ^2检验。结果以冠状动脉管腔狭窄〉50％作为诊断标准,205例患者中冠状动脉造影阳性57例（28％）,其中单支病变30例,双支病变19例,三支病变8例。冠状动脉造影结果阳性的患者中核素负荷-静息心肌灌注显像异常者36例;冠状动脉造影阴性148例（72％）患者中,负荷-静息心肌灌注显像正常者135例。对照冠状动脉造影结果,负荷-静息心肌灌注显像对老年人冠心病总的诊断灵敏度63％（36／57）,特异性91％（135／148）,准确性83％（171／205）;对单支、双支以及三支病变的诊断灵敏度分别为57％（17／30）、58％（11／19）和8／8。行运动负荷显像患者185例,按照运动试验是否达到目标心率分为2组：组1运动试验高峰心率达到目标心率,共53例（29％）;组2运动试验高峰心率未达到目标心率,共132例（71％）。2组心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度分别为81％（13／16）和58％（22／38）。组1诊断灵敏度高于组2,但经χ^2检验,两者之间差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2．69,P=0．1）。结论负荷-静息心肌灌注显像是诊断老年人冠心病的可靠方法;当运动负荷达到目标心率时,核素心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度较高。     

腺苷负荷试验门控心肌99Tcm-MIBI灌注显像诊断冠心病的临床价值

腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像可无创诊断和评价冠心病,本院进行冠状动脉造影(CAG)和腺苷负荷门控心肌99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)显像,以评价其诊断冠心病的价值,现报道如下.     

210Tl心肌灌注显像的临床应用进展

介绍201Tl心肌灌注显像在冠心病诊断应用方面的进展,修改操作方案的依据和临床应用效果.重点讨论两次注射201Tl和用潘生丁、腺苷、多巴酚丁胺等药物代替运动试验的方法和应用现状。改进的操作方式对诊断冠心病,判断心肌缺血的部位、范围和严重程度,鉴别缺血还是纤维斑痕,以及预测手术治疗的效果等,都有重要意义     

低负荷201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI双核素心肌断层显像诊断冠心病

目的探讨低负荷-再分布201Tl/静息99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)双核素心肌断层显像在冠心病诊断中的临床价值.方法对101例临床怀疑有冠心病的患者进行低剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷-再分布201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI同时心肌断层显像,图像断层重建后进行定量靶心图测定,并与正常数据进行对照,由2位以上有经验的核医学科医师进行图像分析.断层显像后2周内101例患者均行冠状动脉造影,其中54例冠状动脉造影正常,26例有1支动脉病变,15例有2支动脉病变,6例有3支动脉病变.结果①多巴酚丁胺负荷试验,每节段负荷时间维持约2 min,负荷后心率仅达到目标心率的(72±17)%.②以动脉狭窄>50%作为冠心病的判断标准,低负荷-再分布201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI同时心肌断层显像法诊断冠心病的灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为93.62%、85.19%和89.11%.③对狭窄动脉检出率由高到低依次为左前降支(LAD)、左回旋支(LCX)、右冠状动脉(RCA),其灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为91.89%、82.81%、86.14%;80.00%、82.72%、82.18%和76.47%、82.14%、81.19%.④74支病变冠状动脉中21支为不可逆性放射性缺损,53支为可逆性放射性再分布.⑤53支可逆性放射性再分布的病变动脉中,8支负荷201Tl显像和静息99Tcm-MIBI显像示放射性稀疏缺损,而再分布或再注射201Tl显像见放射性填充,提示存在"冬眠心肌".结论在较低多巴酚丁胺负荷状态下,负荷-再分布201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI同时心肌断层显像法仍是一种有效的诊断冠心病及检出病变冠状动脉的方法.     

腺苷和运动试验201Tl心肌灌注显像诊断女性冠心病价值比较

目的 对比腺苷试验和运动试验201Tl心肌灌注显像诊断女性冠心病的价值.方法 采用随机对照研究,观察138例女性冠心病疑似病例,按随机数字表法将其分为腺苷试验组和运动试验组,每组69例,分别进行201Tl心肌灌注显像,并在1周内行冠状动脉造影检查.负荷心肌灌注显像按心肌缺血严重程度与缺血范围分析,冠状动脉造影按主要血管狭窄程度(>50%为冠心病)分析.以冠状动脉造影结果 为"金标准",比较腺苷和运动试验对女性冠心病的诊断灵敏度、准确性、阴性预测值和假阳性率.2组间比较采用χ2检验或确切概率法.结果 腺苷试验方法 对女性冠心病诊断的灵敏度、阴性预测值、准确性分别为88.2%(45/51)、72.7%(16/22)和88.4%(61/69);运动试验组分别为91.7%(44/48)、66.7%(8/12)和81.2%(52/64),二者间差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.571,0.714,0.249,P>0.05).腺苷试验组假阳性率低于运动试验组[11.1%(2/18)与50.0%(8/16),P=0.023].结论 对于女性冠心病患者,腺苷试验心肌灌注显像与运动试验心肌灌注显像同样有效,且腺苷试验的诊断假阳性率低.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the diagnostic value of adenosine and exercise stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for detecting coronary heart disease (CHD) in women. Methods One hundred and thirty-eight patients with CHD were randomly divided into two groups: adenosine stress group (n = 69)and exercise stress group (n = 69). All patients underwent myocardial SPECT evaluation. Coronary angiography (CAG), referred as "gold standard" , was performed in each patient within 1 week before or after MPI. The diagnostic value of the two stress MPI was compared with χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Results In adenosine stress group, the sensitivity, negative predictive value and accuracy were 88.2% (45/51),72.7% (16/22), 88.4% (61/69), respectively, which were not significantly different from those of the exercise stress group (91.7% (44/48), 66.7% (8/12), 81.2% (52/64); χ2 =0. 571, 0. 714, 0.249, P >0.05). However, the false positive rate of adenosine stress (11.1%, 2/18) was significantly lower than that of exercise stress (50.0%, 8/16), P = 0.023. Conclusions Adenosine and exercise stress MPI have similar value for CHD diagnosis in women, however, adenosine stress MPI may have an advantage of low false positive rate.     

腺苷与运动负荷心肌灌注显像诊断不典型胸痛心肌缺血的临床价值

目的评价腺苷和运动负荷心肌灌注显像诊断不典型胸痛患者心肌缺血的价值。方法不典型胸痛患者67例行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像，81例行运动负荷心肌灌注显像，结果分别与冠状动脉（简称冠脉）造影比较，得到显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度、特异性和准确性。结果腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像组67例中，23例冠脉造影有狭窄病变，腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像检出可逆性灌注异常即诊断心肌缺血16例，44例冠脉造影阴性者中，腺苷心肌灌注显像正常41例。腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度为70％，特异性93％，准确性85％。运动负荷心肌灌注显像组81例中，31例冠脉造影阳性，运动负荷心肌灌注显像检出心肌缺血22例，50例冠脉造影阴性者中，运动负荷心肌灌注显像正常48例。运动负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度为71％，特异性96％，准确性86％。结论腺苷或运动负荷心肌灌注显像出现可逆性灌注异常对诊断不典型胸痛患者冠心病心肌缺血有重要意义。     

双嘧达莫负荷心肌201Tl SPECT显像诊断冠状动脉微循环障碍的价值

目的 探讨双嘧达莫负荷心肌201Tl SPECT显像在诊断冠状动脉微循环障碍中的价值.方法 选取临床符合心脏X综合征诊断标准的患者共48例,按患者体质量0.56mg/kg予双嘧达莫针剂静脉注射(4min),在心脏负荷达高峰后注入201Tl 111 MBq,10min及240min后分别进行心肌201Tl SPECT显像,原始图像经三维重建后由2位以上有经验的核医学科医师进行分析.对出现“反向再分布”现象的患者采用山莨菪碱(654-2)治疗2周后,再次进行双嘧达莫负荷心肌201TlSPECT显像,同时比较患者治疗前后临床症状和平板运动试验结果.结果 48例患者中有42例延迟(240min)显像时均显示部分心肌节段反向放射性分布稀疏或缺损,即“反向再分布”,检出阳性率为87.50％(42/48).在42例出现“反向再分布”现象的患者中,治疗后临床症状及平板运动试验结果均有改善的36例患者再次进行延迟(240min)显像时原受累的49个节段中有45个节段放射性分布有不同程度改善,检出阳性率达91.84％(45/49).两者有1项未改善或2项均未改善的6例患者延迟(240min)显像时原受累的7个节段放射性分布无改善.结论 双嘧达莫负荷心肌201Tl SPECT显像对诊断以心脏X综合征为代表的冠状动脉微循环障碍疾病有一定的价值.     

Value and limitation of stress thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography: comparison with nitrogen-13 ammonia positron tomography

The diagnostic value of exercise 201Tl single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for assessing coronary artery disease (CAD) was comparatively evaluated with exercise [13N] ammonia positron emission tomography (PET). Fifty-one patients underwent both stress-delayed SPECT imaging using a rotational gamma camera and stress-rest PET imaging using a high resolution PET camera. Of 48 CAD patients, SPECT showed abnormal perfusion in 46 patients (96%), while PET detected perfusion abnormalities in 47 (98%). The sensitivity for detecting disease in individual coronary arteries (greater than 50% stenosis) was also similar for SPECT (81%) and PET (88%). When their interpretations were classified as normal, transient defect, and fixed defect in 765 myocardial segments, SPECT and PET findings were concordant in 606 segments (79%). However, 66 segments showed a fixed defect by SPECT but a transient defect by PET, whereas there were only nine segments showing a transient defect by SPECT and a fixed defect by PET. PET identified transient defects in 34% of the myocardial segments showing a fixed defect by SPECT. We conclude that both stress SPECT and PET showed high and similar sensitivities for detecting CAD and individual stenosed vessels. Since stress-delayed SPECT with single tracer injection detected fewer transient defects, it may underestimate the presence of myocardial ischemia, compared with high resolution PET imaging with two tracer injections.     

Diagnostic accuracy of single photon emission computed tomography with thallium-201 for the identification of diseased coronary arteries. Comparison between dipyridamole infusion and exercise stress test

Myocardial perfusion imaging with 201Tl and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was carried out in two groups of patients, subsequently submitted to diagnostic coronary angiography. SPECT was performed in group 1 (41 patients) after slow i.v. infusion of dipyridamole and in group 2 (162 patients) after tracer injection at maximal ergometric exercise. To evaluate the diagnostic capability of SPECT in the detection of diseased coronary vessels, the left ventricular myocardium was subdivided into 6 segments related to the three major coronary arteries. Sensitivity for the left anterior descending artery was 77% in group 1 and 79% in group 2; specificity was 80% and 96%, respectively. Sensitivity for the right coronary artery was 91% in group 1 and 85% in group 2; specificity was 81% and 73%. For the left circumflex artery sensitivity was 65% for group 1 and 67% for group 2, while specificity was 89% and 88%, respectively. Myocardial SPECT results after ergometric exercise and dipyridamole infusion turned out to be almost superimposable. Dipyridamole stress might be considered appropriate as a provocative test when physical exercise cannot be carried out.     

Diagnostic value of a new myocardial perfusion agent, 99mTc-teboroxime (SQ30,217) in patients with coronary artery disease, utilizing a SPECT imaging protocol: a multicenter phase III clinical trial]

Technetium-99m teboroxime (TEBO) is a new technetium-based myocardial perfusion imaging agent, which has high myocardial extraction and rapid myocardial washout. Its rapid myocardial washout may necessitate rapid imaging protocols. This study was designed to perform exercise/rest SPECT imaging protocols with rapid data acquisition (from 2.8 +/- 1.4 min to 11.2 +/- 4.1 min after injection) in 171 patients with coronary artery disease, 15 patients with cardiomyopathy and 8 patients with other heart disease. The rapid imaging protocols resulted in a high prevalence of good image quality. The diagnostic value of TEBO was recognized from the high concordance of image findings with thallium-201 (201Tl) scintigraphy, 88.2% in the exercise protocol and 89.9% in the rest protocol. Also, the sensitivity and specificity of TEBO for detecting coronary artery disease were comparable (86.6% and 53.9%, respectively) with those of 201Tl (90.7% and 46.2%, respectively). No toxic effects of TEBO were observed in subjective and objective clinical findings and blood examinations. TEBO was finally evaluated to be useful in 98.4% of the patients. Thus, this agent has good clinical potential for myocardial perfusion imaging.     

Diagnostic accuracy of stress first-pass contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion MRI compared with stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of stress perfusion MRI acquired with saturation-recovery prepared turbo fast low-angle shot (turbo FLASH) compared with stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Recent studies show that first-pass contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion MRI can provide noninvasive detection of low-limiting stenosis in the coronary artery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: First-pass contrast-enhanced MR images were acquired at rest and during stress in 40 patients with suspected coronary artery disease. All patients underwent thallium-201 SPECT without attenuation correction and coronary angiography. Two reviewers independently assigned one of five confidence grades without knowing the results of coronary angiography for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Luminal stenosis >70% on coronary angiography was used as a reference standard. RESULTS: On coronary angiography, 70% or greater diameter stenosis of the coronary artery was observed in 21 (52.5%) of 40 patients. The areas under the ROC curve for detection of significant stenosis in the individual coronary artery were 0.86 (observer 1) and 0.84 (observer 2) for MRI. These values were 0.79 (observer 1, p = not significant) and 0.72 (observer 2, p = not significant) for 201Tl SPECT. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic accuracy of stress perfusion MRI acquired with saturation-recovery-prepared turbo FLASH was comparable with that of stress 201Tl SPECT. Stress first-pass contrast-enhanced MRI is a noninvasive technique that can be used as an alternative to stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy.     

Diagnostic accuracy of supine and prone thallium-201 stress myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography to detect coronary artery disease in inferior wall of left ventricle

OBJECTIVE: Prone thallium-201 ((201)Tl) myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) reduces false-positive rates when evaluating inferior wall abnormalities by minimizing diaphragmatic attenuation. The present study investigates the diagnostic validity of prone (201)Tl stress myocardial perfusion SPECT for detecting coronary artery disease in the inferior wall of the left ventricle in Japanese patients. METHODS: Of the 104 consecutive patients who underwent (201)Tl stress myocardial perfusion SPECT to diagnose coronary artery disease, we evaluated 46 who underwent image acquisition in both the supine and prone positions, and coronary angiography within 3 months thereafter. Images were acquired in the routine supine position immediately following (201)Tl (111 MBq) injection and 4 h following early acquisition. Images were acquired in the prone position only during the early phase following supine acquisition. We evaluated the SPECT images of the inferior half segments of the left ventricle using a five-point defect scoring system. According to the coronary angiographic findings, we investigated the diagnostic accuracy of stress-rest supine, stress supine, stress prone, and combined supine-prone images. Reduced uptake in the stress supine image of the combined images was considered as attenuation when uptake was normal in the prone image. RESULTS: The sensitivity of the stress-rest supine, stress supine, stress prone, and stress-combined supine-prone images was 77%, 86%, 55%, and 55%, and the specificity was 71%, 54%, 79%, and 83%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy was the highest in stress-rest supine images. CONCLUSIONS: Prone images tended to improve the specificity of detecting coronary artery disease in the inferior wall, but not diagnostic accuracy compared with stress-rest supine images because of decreased sensitivity.     

双核素心肌显像检测存活心肌的对比研究

目的 对比多巴酚丁胺负荷201Tl/静息99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)双核素同步心肌断层显像及多巴酚丁胺负荷-再分布/再注射201Tl心肌断层显像法检测存活心肌的作用.方法 对160例临床怀疑有冠心病的患者予静息状态下静脉注射740 MBq99Tcm-MIBI,休息15 min后进行多巴酚丁胺负荷试验,在达到终止指标时静脉注射111 MSq201TICI.注射后观察5-lO min,分别行早期(10 min)、延迟(3 h)99Tcm-MIBI和201Tl双核素同步心肌断层显像.对早期负荷201Tl图像发现放射性缺损,延迟再分布201Tl和静息99Tcm-MIBI图像未见放射性填充的患者再注射37 MBq201TICI,30min后行再注射心肌灌注显像.负荷枷201Tl图像示放射性缺损,静息99Tcm-MIBI、再分布201Tl及再注射201Tl图像中发现任何一种放射性填充者均为存活心肌.断层显像后2周内全部患者进行了冠状动脉造影.采用SAS 6.12软件进行x2检验.结果 (1) 160例患者冠状动脉造影均发现冠状动脉狭窄.其中单支病变76例、双支病变5l例、三支病变33例.(2)152例多巴酚丁胺负荷201Tl图像发现放射性缺损的患者中,63例201Tl再分布和静息99Tcm-MIBI图像均发现放射性填充,5例201Tl再分布发现放射性填充而静息99Tcm-MIBI图像未见放射性填充,9例静息99Tcm-MIBI图像发现放射性填充而2001Tl再分布未见放射性填允,75例201Tl再分布和静息99Tcm-MIBI图像均未发现放射性填充,负荷201Tl-延迟再分布显像(66.0%,68/103)和负荷201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI显像(69.9%,72/103)鉴别存活心肌的灵敏度差异无统计学意义(x2=O.36,P>0.05).(3)75例201Tl再分布和静息99Tcm-MIBI图像均未发现放射性填充患者中,再注射201Tl显像后有26例放射性填充,再注射201Tl显像较单纯201Tl再分布或静息99Tcm-MIBI显像多检测出34.7%(26/75)患者有存活心肌.(4)8例多巴酚丁胺负荷201Tl、201Tl再分布图像和静息99Tcm-MIBI图像均未发现放射性稀疏,为假阴性,其中3例为三支冠状动脉病变,1例为双支冠状动脉病变(狭窄分别为90%及60%),3例为单支冠状动脉病变(狭窄<75%2例,85%1例),1例冠状动脉闭塞后有充分的侧枝循环.结论 多巴酚丁胺负荷-再分布/再注射201Tl心肌断层显像鉴别存活心肌优于多巴酚丁胺负荷201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI双核素同步心肌断层显像,是一种有效、无创的鉴别存活心肌的方法.