男性肾移植受者性功能状态的调查

目的 :观察男性肾移植受者性功能状态变化。　方法 :随机选择 2 6～ 45岁、术后半年以上、血肌酐 2 0 0μmol/L以下的已婚男性肾移植受者 60例 ,对他们病前、肾衰后及肾移植术后性功能状态进行了回顾性调查并将结果进行统计学分析。　结果 :受者肾衰后性功能明显下降 ,而肾移植术后性功能普遍得到改善 ,但尚未恢复到病前水平。受者普遍担心性生活会对移植肾产生不良的影响。　结论 :肾移植可明显改善男性尿毒症病人性功能 ,对肾移植受者及其配偶进行性生理咨询和指导十分必要     

枸橼酸西地那非治疗男性肾移植受者勃起功能障碍

目的 :评价枸橼酸西地那非治疗肾移植术后勃起功能障碍 (ED)的有效性和安全性。　方法 :随机选择 2 6～ 5 0岁、术后 6月以上及血肌酐 133μmol/L以下的已婚男性肾移植受者 170例 ,对他们肾移植术后的性功能状况行国际勃起功能指数 5 (IIEF 5 )评分 ,存在ED者首先进行心理治疗 3个月 ,无效者用枸橼酸西地那非治疗 6个月 ,对他们的性生活情况进行随访并作出评分。　结果 :170例肾移植受者中 ,5 3例存在经心理治疗无效的ED ,枸橼酸西地那非治疗半年后IIEF 5评分中的各项参数均明显改善 ,对血肌酐、环孢素A谷值浓度无影响 ,不良反应轻微且短暂。　结论 :枸橼酸西地那非治疗肾移植术后ED安全、有效。     

男性患者肾移植前后的阴茎勃起功能研究

目的　探讨男性肾功能衰竭患者肾移植前后的阴茎勃起功能,以提高肾移植患者的生存质量。方法　50例男性肾功能衰竭患者在肾移植前后填写国际勃起功能指数(IIEF)调查表,并同时测定性激素水平。结果　肾移植前阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)发病率为84 %,肾移植后肾功能正常时降至54 %(P<0.05);术前血液透析时间在6个月以内者IIEF评分高于透析时间在6~24个月和超过24个月者;不论患者的年龄大小,肾移植术后IIEF评分均有不同程度的提高(P<0.05);肾移植后血清睾酮水平上升(P<0.05),雌二醇和催乳激素明显下降(P<0.05, P<0.01)。结论　肾移植能有效改善肾功能衰竭患者的阴茎勃起状况,受者术后的心理疏导有助于降低ED发病率。     

男性肾移植患者性功能变化的调查

为了解肾移植术后男性患者的性功能状态，对４７例男性肾移植患者病前、术前和术后的性功能状态进行了调查，结果表明：肾移植术前患者性功能普遍下降，而术后性功能得到改善，患者术后性功能明显受到心理因素的影响，由此证实肾移植术后患者性功能得到一定程度的改善，但尚未恢复到病前水平。     

肾移植术后男性受者的性功能及其生育子女的健康状况

目的 调查和评价肾移植术后男性受者的性功能及其生育子女的健康状况.方法 将患病前有正常性生活及术后移植肾功能恢复良好的60例男性肾移植受者纳入研究.采用问卷调查法对全部60例受者术后首次遗精时间、性生活能力、性生活频率及满意率、生育子女以及子女的发育状况和智力水平等进行调查和评价,同时对受者手术前后的精液做常规检查.结果 所有60例受者术前均存在性欲不良或性功能下降,而术后随着移植肾功能的逐渐恢复正常,受者的性功能得到明显改善.术后1～3个月有54例受者出现遗精,另6例因有性生活而未出现遗精;术后除4例受者担心性生活会损害移植肾功能拒绝性生活外,其余56例在术后2～4个月内恢复性生活,性生活满意率为86.7％(52/60),这56例受者术后共生育子女68个,所有子女的健康状况和智力水平较同龄儿童无明显差异.受者在生育子女后无一例发生移植肾功能衰竭或排斥反应.结论 肾移植术后男性受者的性功能可以恢复至正常水平,在医生的指导下生育子女是安全的,并且肾移植后男性受者生育的子女的健康状况和智力水平均无异常.     

肾移植术后男性性功能调查

性功能状态及生育能力是人类健康状况的标志之一 ,随着肾移植后长期存活率的不断提高 ,移植后病人的性功能及生育能力状况已引起人们的广泛注意。本文对我院 1991年 11月～ 1997年 12月肾移植存活 3月～ 5年的男性患者 16例 ,进行性功能调查 ,现将结果报告如下。临床资料尸体肾移植术后存活 3月以上 16例 ,年龄 2 5～ 56岁 ,平均 38岁 ,已婚 13例。原发病均为慢性肾炎终末期 ,术后常规环孢素Ａ、硫唑嘌呤、强的松三联免疫抑制剂治疗。接受调查时 ,移植肾功能正常 ,生活自理 ,无并发症发生 ,采用直接询问调查 ,内容为性欲状况、性交频率、阴…     

肾移植患者阴茎勃起功能影响因素分析

目的:研究肾移植对勃起功能的影响,并对相关影响因素进行分析,以期提高移植术后患者的生活质量。方法:对250例肾移植术后移植肾功能良好的已婚男性受者进行勃起功能国际问卷调查,并收集一般临床资料、病史、性生活史和实验室检查资料。应用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析确定对勃起功能有独立的和显著影响的相关因素。结果:212例完成整个调查,114例移植术前为ED(53.8%),移植术后94例被确定为ED(44.3%),两者差异无显著性(P>0.05)。根据ED分度移植前后的变化,91例(42.9%)勃起功能移植前后无变化,93例(43.9%)有改善,28例(13.2%)移植前勃起功能正常的患者移植后减退。Logistic回归分析确定年龄、贫血、糖尿病、周围神经病变、多次移植是独立和显著影响勃起功能的因素,相对危险度分别为3.01、2.01、3.15、3.89、2.67。结论:肾移植后ED的发生率仍较高。移植术后ED的病因是多方面的,年龄、糖尿病、周围神经病变、血红蛋白水平、多次移植是影响勃起功能的主要因素。     

美国男性性功能障碍的研究现状

男性性功能障碍在美国也是一个较为严重的问题.1992年底的阳萎专题学术会议和1993年5月的全美泌尿外科年会对此均有深入的探讨,现将其介绍如下.1定义阳萎的定义不够明确,现在多用勃起功能障碍(Erectile dysfunction)来专指男子不具有足够的阴茎勃起以完成全部性过程所需要的能力.但此定义仍不够简明,缺乏统一的指标来判断病情及治疗效果.     

男性腰腿痛与阴茎勃起功能障碍相关性的临床探讨

近年来,我们在对男性腰腿痛患者的临床诊疗过程中发现此类患者的阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)发病率明显高于正常中老年人群.为了进一步认识ED与腰腿痛的相关性,我们对部分男性腰腿痛患者进行了国际勃起功能指数?5(IIEF?5)问卷调查,现将所得的临床资料报告如下.     

Sleep disorders and quality of life in renal transplant recipients

Kidney transplantation provides the best outcome for patients with end-stage renal failure both in terms of morbidity and mortality and health-related quality of life (QoL). Health-related QoL has become recognized as an important outcome measure in patients with different chronic medical conditions, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). There are several factors in kidney-transplanted patients which have a negative impact on QoL in these patients. Sleep disorders, such as insomnia, sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), and restless legs syndrome (RLS), are common in kidney-transplanted patients and clearly belong to this group of factors, although there is only limited published data available about the association between sleep problems and QoL in this patient population. The prevalence of both insomnia and RLS is reduced in kidney-transplanted patients compared to dialysis patients, and it is similar to the prevalence observed in the general population. The prevalence of sleep apnea, however, is very high, around 30%. The association between the presence of these sleep disorders and impaired QoL has been relatively well documented in dialysis patients, but there is only scarce published information about this association in the kidney transplant population. In this paper, we will summarize data from the literature describing the impact of sleep problems, which are potentially treatable, on QoL in kidney-transplanted patients. We suggest that the appropriate diagnosis and management of sleep disorders may improve QoL in kidney-transplanted patients.     

Effect of kidney transplantation on quality of life measures

Assessing the quality of life should be an essential part of the long-term results of surgery, particularly for those procedures that may influence a patient's lifestyle and body image. Eliminating the need for dependence on chronic hemodialysis, kidney transplantation improves the patient's autonomy but exposes them to the side-effects of immunosuppression and the constant threat of rejection. The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of life of patients on the waiting list for a kidney transplantation to that of those already transplanted at our Center to quantify carefully the impact of this therapy on the patient's physical, emotional, and social well-being. Computer analysis of the data collected from self-administered questionnaires revealed that the vast majority of successfully transplanted patients experience a significant improvement in almost all the areas investigated compared with the pretransplant group. In addition, we tried to use the questionnaire to predict which type of patient will adjust more fully to the impact of a kidney transplantation and which will probably need posttransplant psychological care and social support. Aside from clinical factors such as the time spent on hemodialysis before transplantation, the gender, the age, as well as the source of the organ (living vs. cadaver donor) seem to play a role in the final outcome of a successful kidney transplantation.     

Role of penile vascular insufficiency in erectile dysfunction in renal transplant recipients

The objectives of this study were to define the role and haemodynamic features of penile vascular insufficiency in impotent renal transplant recipients (RTR) as well as to establish the possible vascular risk factors for impotence in these patients. A total of 54 RTR (35 impotent and 19 potent) and 21 potent healthy subjects were included in this study. All patients were assessed clinically and by measurement of serum creatinine, serum bilirubin, cyclosporine blood levels, haemoglobin and total serum cholesterol. All subjects were subjected to intracavernous injection of 20 microg prostaglandin E1 followed by colour Duplex sonographic examination. Our results showed that impotent RTR were significantly more likely than potent RTR to have hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolaemia (P<0.05). Arterial occlusive disease was identified in 42.9% of impotent RTR. Findings suggestive of veno-occlusive dysfunction were found in 68.6% and 26.3% of impotent and potent RTR, respectively (P=0.003). Unilateral ligation of the internal iliac artery has a negative role on haemodynamic parameters compared to unilateral end-to-side anastomosis to external iliac artery in impotent RTR (P<0.05). Impotent RTR receiving more than one antihypertensive drug showed significant decrease in basal peak systolic velocity (PSV), dynamic PSV, erectile angle and cavernosal artery diameter compared to those receiving one drug (P<0.05). In conclusion, penile vascular insufficiency appears to play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of impotence in transplant patients. Anastomosis of the graft to external iliac artery could preserve the potency to some degree. Antihypertensives should be reduced as much as possible to avoid their negative effects on erectile function.     

Do retrospective and prospective quality of life assessments differ for pancreas-kidney transplant recipients?

The literature indicates that chronically ill patients have a remarkable capacity to adapt to their illness. For example, they will generally report a better quality of life (QoL) than individuals in the general population who are asked to imagine themselves as chronically ill and to rate their QoL. The present study further explores this phenomenon in type I diabetic transplant recipients with end-stage renal disease. In a prospective, longitudinal study, we assessed the QoL in 22 patients, both before and after they received a combined pancreas-kidney transplant. After transplantation, the patients were also asked to assess their pretransplant QoL by rating it on a 10-point scale. What we found was that prior to transplantation, QoL was prospectively given a mean rating of 5.23; this score increased to 7 after a successful transplant procedure. During follow-up assessments 5, 12, and 18 months after successful transplantation, patients retrospectively scored their pretransplant QoL as 3.27, 3.14, and 3.05, respectively.We conclude that when type I diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease undergo a transplant procedure to improve their health status, they re-evaluate their pretransplant QoL, and this retrospective assessment is significantly lower than their prospective one when transplantation is successful. Received: 2 July 1997 Received after revision: 25 September 1997 Accepted: 10 October 1997     

儿童肝移植受者术后五年生存和睡眠质量调查研究

目的探究长期存活(≥5年)的儿童肝移植受者生存和睡眠质量及其影响因素。 方法采用儿童生存质量量表3.0(PedsQL? 3.0)移植模块和儿童睡眠质量调查问卷调查2006年1月至2013年6月在上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院肝脏外科接受肝移植术后存活5年以上的30例儿童受者生存和睡眠质量。采用电子邮件发送并回收调查问卷,调查问卷均由家长填写。调查问卷发放时间为2018年6月第1周,回收时间为6月第2周。采用成组t检验比较不同性别和供肝来源儿童受者生存质量得分,采用单因素方差分析比较不同血型儿童受者生存质量得分。采用Mann－Whitney U检验比较不同性别和供肝来源儿童受者睡眠质量得分,采用Kruskal－Wallis检验比较不同血型儿童受者睡眠质量得分。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果实际回收有效问卷27份,其中男性14例,女性13例,移植和调查时中位年龄分别为11个月(5～12个月)、80个月(66～180个月)。27例受者平均身高、体质量、体质指数分别为(127±13)cm、(25±6)kg、(15.7±1.9)kg/m²。27例受者生存质量总分为(73±14)分,其中药物依从性、药物不良反应、移植后社会关系、疼痛、对健康状况的担忧、对治疗的焦虑、对外貌的自我感觉和交流问题8个维度得分分别为(82±13)、(78±17)、(71±16)、(72±19)、(56±28)、(67±28)、(68±21)和(80±16)分。睡眠质量总分中位数为0.23分(0～0.63)分,其中打鼾、日间过度嗜睡、行为和睡眠相关性呼吸问题4个维度得分中位数分别为0.22分(0～0.78分)、0.14分(0～0.57分)、0.50分(0～1.00分)和0.25分(0～0.50分)。不同性别、血型和供肝来源儿童受者生存和睡眠质量得分差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。 结论肝移植术后存活5年以上儿童受者生存和睡眠质量尚可,性别、血型和供肝来源均不是生存和睡眠质量的影响因素。     

霉酚酸酯在肾移植后肝功能不良患者中的应用

目的 分析和评价肾移植后肝功能不良患者使用霉酚酸酯（ＭＭＦ）的有效性和安全性。方法 １２例患者术后免疫抑制方案为：９例采用环孢素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）、硫唑嘌呤（Ａｚａ）、泼尼松（Ｐｒｅｄ）;３例采用ＣｓＡ、Ｐｒｅｄ。发生肝功能不良后,停用Ａｚａ;９例采用三联治疗的患者,６例减少ＣｓＡ和量１／４－１／３,３例改用ＣｓＡ、Ｐｒｅｄ;３例采用二联治疗者,１例减少ＣｓＡ,２例停用ＣｓＡ;１２例均加用ＭＭＦ１．５～     

基于手机应用程序的居家用药管理对肺移植受者依从性及生存质量的影响

目的探讨"肺病与移植管理"App结合1日药盒用药法居家用药管理方案对肺移植受者自我管理、用药依从性及生存质量的影响。 方法选取2019年1至6月无锡市人民医院肺移植中心门诊随访的73例肺移植受者进行自我管理、用药依从性及生存质量的问卷调查。成立用药随访管理小组，制订肺移植受者居家用药管理方案。予肺移植受者"肺病与移植管理"APP结合1日药盒用药法居家用药管理方案干预3个月后再次对其进行问卷调查，比较干预前后受者自我管理、自我效能、用药依从性及生存质量差异。采用配对t检验比较"肺病与移植管理"App结合1日药盒用药法居家用药管理方案干预前后肺移植受者自我管理、自我效能、用药依从性和生存质量得分，P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果干预3个月后，受者自我管理、认知性症状管理实践、用药依从性、生存质量及生理方面生存质量得分分别为(37±7)、(16±3)、(7.0±1.0)、(154±26)和(77±14)分，均高于干预前[(33±9)、(13±6)、(6.5±1.1)、(141±30)和(67±17)分]，差异均有统计学意义(t＝-0.609、-3.383、-12.864、-2.818和3.586，P均<0.05)。干预前后受者自我效能、运动锻炼、与医师的沟通、症状管理、疾病共性管理和心理方面生存质量得分差异均无统计学意义(t＝-1.972、-0.609、-1.486、-1.747、-1.746和1.487，P均>0.05)。干预前用药依从性好、中和差受者分别有16、41和16例，干预后分别为27、40和6例。 结论基于移动健康平台制订的居家用药管理方案可提高肺移植受者自我管理、用药依从性及生理方面的生存质量。     

The quality of life in end stage renal disease care

Abstract The improved prognosis and survival statistics of both renal transplantation and dialysis have focused attention on the quality of life offered by these treatments. Using a standardized questionnaire, we assessed the quality of life of 612 patients undergoing renal replacement therapy at our center. Of these patients, 359 had been transplanted and 253 patients were on dialysis. Concerning the sociodemographic data, only the time on specific treatment was longer in dialysis patients than in transplanted patients (49.2 versus 55.6 months, P < 0.05). Most complaints were more common in dialysis patients than in transplanted patients. Only the side effects of medication were seen more in transplanted patients ( P < 0.005). Life satisfaction was higher in transplanted patients than in dialysis patients. Dialysis patients were more anxious ( P < 0.05) and more depressed ( P < 0.001) than transplanted patients. Transplanted patients also felt that they had more social support than did dialysis patients. Overall life quality was almost equal between patients on hemodialysis and patients on peritoneal dialysis, and between patients on the waiting list for transplantation and those not on the waiting list. Despite a significantly better quality of life after renal transplantation, the percentage of patients working remained unchanged. (57.5% versus 57.8%, P = n.s.). We conclude that despite an improved quality of life after renal transplantation, these patients are economically not more productive than patients on dialysis.     

Assessment of female sexual function and quality of life in predialysis,peritoneal dialysis,hemodialysis, and renal transplant patients

Introduction  Chronic renal failure (CRF) and renal replacement treatments have a negative effect on sexual function and quality of life (QoL). The literature on female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in patients with CRF is limited. The aim of this study is to compare the sexual function and QoL in predialysis (PreD), dialysis, and transplant patients. Materials and methods  A total of 106 women including 21 PreD, 45 dialysis, 20 renal transplantation (Tx), and 20 control patients were enrolled in the study. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and SF-36 scales were used to assess all patients, and demographic and clinical variables were documented. The FSFI and QoL scale scores were compared among the groups. Results  The rates of FSD were 50, 81, 66.7, 75, and 50% in the control, PreD, peritoneal dialysis (PD), hemodialysis (HD) and Tx patients respectively. Total FSFI scores for desire, arousal and orgasm scores in the PreD group were significantly lower than those in Tx and control patients (P < 0.05). Physical components of QoL in CRF patients were significantly worse than in the control group (P < 0.0001). On logistic regression analysis, age, glucose and creatinine were significantly associated with FSD. Conclusion  This preliminary study documented that Tx is the most effective way to retain good sexual function in women, and a diagnosis of FSD should be made routinely in CRF patients.