骨陛关节炎滑膜组织中16种元素的分析

目的骨性关节炎（osteoarthritis,OA）是一种退行性骨关节病,该病病因和发病机制尚不明确。微量元素能通过参与人体内的新陈代谢、各种生物和化学反应等,维持机体正常生理活动,如果体内各种微量元素含量失调,就有可能引发多种疾病。本研究通过测定骨性关节炎滑膜组织中B、Mg、A1、K、Ca、n、Cr、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Se、Sr、Ba、Pb等16种元素含量,探讨OA患者滑膜组织中这些元素的水平和疾病发生、发展的关系,为OA的机制研究和诊治提供相关的理论依据。方法选择骨性关节炎患者为实验组,单纯外伤引起的半月板损伤患者为对照组。术中采集患者滑膜组织样本,经微波消解处理,用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）测定组织中16种元素含量,数据经SAS9．0软件统计分析。结果实验组滑膜组织中硒（se）、铁（Fe）、锌（Zn）、铜（Cu）、硼（B）、钙（Ca）和钾（K）7种元素含量与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,其中实验组滑膜组织中Fe、B、Se元素含量低于对照组,而Ca、K、Cu、Zn元素的含量高于对照组;锰（Mn）、铬（Cr）、锶（Sr）、镍（Ni）、钡（Ba）、铝（A1）、铅（Pb）、锑（Sb）、镁（Mg）元素含量没有明显变化。结论骨性关节炎患者滑膜中硒、铁、锌、铜、硼、钙和钾7种元素含量变化明显,这些元素都是机体的必需元素,它们可能通过影响蛋白质、酶的代谢导致骨性关节病的发生。     

人体正常和良恶性组织中8种微量元素的分析

本文报告人体恶性(63例)、良性(64例)和正常(65例)3种组织中8种微量元素测量结呆。证明恶性组织中铜、镍明显高于正常和良性组织,又以胃肠癌显著。栖前者低于后二者,而两组癌无差异。恶性组锌、锰明显低于正常组。其他癌锌降低显著,且锌有恶性<良性<正常的趋势。初步探讨3种组织中微量元素的变化规律和临床意义。     

急性白血病患者血清微量元素谱分析

采用ＤＣＰ－ＡＥＳ检测了４０例急性白血病（初发１８例，化疗后２２例）血清中锌、铜、铁、硒、镍、钛等１５种元素含量。结果显示：初发急性白血病患者血清锌、铁、硒、镍、钛均降低，铜、钙、镁、铜／锌比值均升高。化疗达ＣＲ后，血清锌、铜、铜／锌、硒均可正常，而化疗后ＮＲ组上述元素无改变。血清钙、镍、钛化疗后ＣＲ和ＮＲ组均无改善。表明微量元素与急性白血病转归相关。     

Research on serum levels of retinol, α-tocopherol β-carotene,and 12 elements in gastric dysplasia and gastric cancer patients

Serum levers of retinol, α-tocopherol, β-carotene and elements (Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca, Mg, Cr, Co, Cd, Mo, Se) were determined in 45 gastric cancer and 41 gastric dysplasia patients, and 48 normal subjects. The results showed that β-carotene and Se, Co were lower in gastric cancer patients than that in gastric dysplasia patients or in normal subjects, Ni and Cr levels were lower and Mn, Ca and Cd were higher in gastric cancer than in dysplasia patients. Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd were lower and Mn, Ca, Mg, Mo levels were higher in gastric cancer patients than in normal. The differences mentioned are statistically significant. The stepwise discriminant analysis of 10 variables (Mn, Fe, Ca, Cr, Mo, Co, Cd, Se, α-tocophrol, β-carotene) were used in identifying gastric cancer, with 100% of the positive rate. The potential protective effect of β-carotene and Se against gastric cancer is an interesting postulate. We suggest that optimum supplement of β-carotene and Se might will be beneficial to gastric dysplasia patients in preventing the development of gastric cancer.     

Pattern recognition on the trace element spectrum in gastric cancer and peptic ulcer

The trace element spectrum of gastric tissue and whole blood specimens from gastric cancer and peptic ulcer patients was recognized with pattern recognition technique in order to obtain the chemical information of gastric cancer. Thirty specimens were obtained from cancer patients in each of the 58 gastric tissues and 54 whole blood specimens. Five pathological types were divided into two groups: peptic ulcer and dysplasia as the ulcer group; well-differentiated, undifferentiated and mucinous carcinoma as the cancer group. The accuracy of recognizing the several spectra was 90%: nine trace element spectra (Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Cr, Cd, Mn, Fe and Mg) for the tissue specimens from the cancer and ulcer groups; six (Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, Cr and Cd) for dysplasia and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma tissues; five (Cu, Ni, Cr, Cd and Fe) for the whole blood specimens from these two groups and six (Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Fe and Ni) for the whole blood specimens from dysplasia and peptic ulcer (including 10 normal individuals). The data were treated by non-linear mapping method and calculated by TRS-80 III type microcomputer.     

启东肝癌与微量元素初步研究

启东是肝癌高发区,其水、土中铜、锌、锰、镍、钴、钼等微量元素富集。粮中铜、锌含量偏高,而硒、钼含量显著降低,与肝癌发病率呈负相关。肝癌高发区居民血液中铜、锌、锰、钴、铅等水平高于低发区,但血硒、钼水平却相反,显著低于低发区。肝癌高发区居民头发中铜、锌、锰均高于低发区,但钼却相反,低于低发区。肝癌惠者头发中铜比自然人群显著增加,但锰却相反。值得注意的是肝癌组织中缺钼或少钼。以上结果表明,肝癌与硒、钼密切相关,而与锰、镍等微量元素的关系有待深入探索。     

土壤微量元素背景值与癌症关系的主成分分析

目的 :探讨土壤微量元素含量与癌症发病率间的关系。方法 :测定癌症高发区江苏省扬中市土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Cr、As、Se、Co、V、Mn、F等 11种微量元素的含量 ,应用主成分分析法提取出贡献率大的主成分与 1991- 1999年癌症发病率做多重回归分析。结果 :土壤 11种微量元素间存在较强相关性 ,应用主成分分析法提取出第一主成分与癌症发病率拟合线性回归方程 ,显示土壤微量元素含量与胃癌、肝癌及全部癌发病率均呈负相关 ,其中Se元素作用最强。结论 :土壤微量元素 ,特别是Se元素的含量可能在癌症发生中起重要作用。     

包头地区乳腺肿瘤及其复发转移的血清微量元素变化研究

目的探讨9种微量元素与乳腺肿瘤的关系。方法采用原子吸收分光度计对81例健康女性志愿者、94例乳腺良性肿瘤患者、93例乳腺癌患者手术前后和38例乳腺癌复发转移患者血清中Fe、Zn、CU、Mn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Mo的含量进行测定。结果血清Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Pb随乳腺肿瘤病情加重呈明显升高趋势,与乳腺癌呈正相关,而Mo随病情的加重明显降低,与乳腺癌呈负相关。结论有6种微量元素与乳腺肿瘤的发病有显著关系,其中Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Pb可能是乳腺癌的危险因素,而Mo为乳腺癌的保护因素。     

消化道良,恶性疾病的12种微量元素的测定与临床意义

本文测定174例胃肠道疾病,40例原发性肝癌及85例正常人血清Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe、Sr、Mn、Mo、Cr、Ti、Ni、Se等12种微量元素。结果表明:血清铜升高、锌降低,Cu/Zn比值升高最明显为原发性肝癌,其次为胃肠癌,再次为胃肠息肉,最后为慢性腹泻。慢性腹泻与正常比仅锌下降,钙与锌在各组改变与锌相似。胃肠癌转移组与正常组比,术前组、术后组与正常组之间其Cu/Zn比值升高,且均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胃肠癌组与息肉组比较,血清钙显著降低(P<0.001),铁无差异;而胃肠癌组与慢性腹泻组比,血清铁降低显著而钙无差异。胃肠癌中65例腺癌病理分化与微量元素无明显关系。由此表明微量元素改变对鉴别消化道良、恶性疾病和临床观察有一定帮助。     

济南地区健康人与胃癌,肺癌患者发中13种元素的研究

要原子吸收分光光度法，检测了人发中１３种元素钠、钾、钠／钾。钙、镁、钙／镁。铜、锌、铁、锰、铅、镍、锶、铬、镉的含量。健康人头发样品采自济南市五区三县，包括工人、农民、干部、学生、及街道居民。年龄在１５－６０岁，均经严格体检，共计３６３人，作为对照组。癌患组、胃癌、肺癌经Ｘ线，内窥镜，病理学等检查确诊，按标准严格分组，共计１３３人。测定结果看出：癌患组钠、钾、钙、镁、及其比值与健康有明显差异，８７     

食管癌组织中铜、锌、锰、镉的测定

我们测定了36例食管癌组织中微量元素 Cu、Zn、Mn、Cd。这些元素都是与 SOD 相关的微量元素。结果:癌组织中 Zn、Mn 含量减少,癌组织中 Zn 含量明显低于非癌组织(P<0.001)。而癌组织中 Cu 含量增高,Cu/Zn 比值增大,其 Cu/Zn 比值明显大于非癌组织(P<0.05)。     

Quantitative analysis of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) gene expression in human prostatic tissues

Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) gene is a member of transforming growth factor-beta superfamily and was reported to be highly overexpressed in human prostate cancer using microarray technology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative expression of MIC-1 in malignant and benign prostate tissues and to associate expression levels with clinicopathological parameters of prostate cancer. Matched (paired) prostatic tissue samples from the cancerous and noncancerous parts of the same prostates were obtained from 66 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed using SYBR Green I on the Roche LightCycler system. Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 gene overexpression in cancerous tissues was observed in 88% of cases, compared to noncancerous tissues (P<0.001). The expression level of MIC-1 in cancerous tissues was significantly higher than in noncancerous tissue (P<0.001). Higher expression of MIC-1 gene was significantly associated with higher Gleason score (P=0.004). The expression of the MIC-1 gene in prostate cancer is significantly higher than in noncancerous tissues, especially in more aggressive forms of the disease (Gleason score>5). This is in contrast to prostate-specific antigen that is downregulated in higher-grade tumours. The upregulation of MIC-1 in prostate cancer and in advanced and more aggressive prostatic tumours suggests that MIC-1 protein should be evaluated as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.     

Association between Trace Element and Heavy Metal Levels in Hair and Nail with Prostate Cancer

While associations between trace elements and heavy metals with prostate cancer are still debatable, theyhave been considered as risk factors for prostate cancer. Thus, this study aimed to detect any links betweenselected minerals and heavy metals including Se, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe with prostate cancer. A case control studywas carried out among 100 subjects (case n=50, control n=50), matched for age and ethnicity. Trace elementsand heavy metals level in hair and nail samples were determined by ICP-MS. Mean selenium levels in hair andnail of the cases were significantly lower as compared to controls. A similar trend was noted for zinc in bothhair and nail samples, whereas the mean level of copper was significantly higher in cases than controls. Similarelevation was noted for iron and manganese (p<0.05 for all parameters). Low levels of selenium and zinc andhigh levels of copper, iron and manganese appear to be associated with the risk of prostate cancer. Furtherstudies to elucidate the causal mechanisms and appropriate chemopreventive measures are needed.     

回族血清中微量元素含量与胃癌的相关性研究

目的探讨回族血清中微量元素含量与胃癌的关系。方法采用原子吸收分光光度法对回族胃癌患者和回族非胃癌对照人群血清中锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)、镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)元素含量进行检测,并用SPSS统计软件对实验结果进行配对t检验分析。结果回族胃癌病例组血清中Cu、Cu/Zn、Mn均比对照组高,而Zn、Fe、Ca、Mg、Ni的含量低于对照组。配对t检验结果显示,血清中Cu、Zn、Cu/Zn、Ca、Mg含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论回族胃癌的发生、发展与血清内微量元素变化密切相关。高Cu、Cu/Zn比值高以及低Zn、低Ca、低Mg是回族胃癌发生的危险因素。     

Some Mineral,trace Element and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Lung Cancer

Objective: We aimed to determine the relationship between some mineral, trace element and heavy metallevels in the patients of lung cancer by measuring serum levels of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe),cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg). Methods: A total of 50 lung cancer and humanhealth (30 lung cancer and 20 healthy human) were included in the study. Venous blood samples of each lungcancer were obtained, and serum Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Cd, Co, Mn, Mg levels were analysed by Atomic AbsorptionSpectrophotometer measurements. Results: Mg value measured in lung cancer group were lower than the controlgroup and this was statistically significant (P<0.01). Serum Cu level was significantly lower with lung cancercompared to healthy human (P<0.01). Pb level was significantly higher than those of controls (P<0.01). Theserum Zn level was significantly lower in serum of lung cancer group than controls (P<0.01). Serum Mn and Colevels were found increased in lung cancer group than controls (P<0.01). Cd value was higher in lung cancer butit was not statistically significant (p>0.01). The mean concentration of Fe in the serum of lung cancer patientswas higher than in the controls, but the difference was not significant (p>0.01). There was a positive correlationbetween Cd and Pb level, and between Mn and Fe levels in lung cancer. There was a negative correlation betweenCo and Zn levels of healthy human. There was a negative correlation between Co and Mg levels of lung cancer.Conclusions: Serum Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mg, Co, Mn and Cd might be play a role in the patients of lung cancers.Zn may protective as potent lung cancer. In addition, it is suggested that low levels of zinc can induce thepathogenesis of lung cancer.     

卵巢肿瘤患者血清微量元素与CA125关系的研究

联合测定１９例卵巢良性肿瘤、１７例卵巢恶性肿瘤及２１例健康妇女血清ＣＡ１２５及微量元素。结果发现肿瘤患者血清Ｃｒ、Ｆｅ水平较对照组明显降低，Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ和ＣＡ１２５水平明显升高；良、恶性肿瘤间无差异。恶性肿瘤患者Ｃｒ和ＣＡ１２５异常率高于良性肿瘤，两者的Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ和Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值异常率相近。表明联合测定ＣＡ１２５及Ｃｒ有助于卵巢恶性肿瘤的早期诊断。     

微量元素与恶性淋巴瘤关系的研究

 目的　探讨微量元素与恶性淋巴瘤发生、发展的关系。方法　采用原子吸收分光光度计对370例恶性淋巴瘤患者,100例健康成人进行血清微量元素的测定及分析。结果　恶性淋巴瘤患者组血清铜、铜/锌比值、锰含量高于对照组,而锌、铁、钙含量均低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05～P<0.001)。结果还表明,不同类型何杰金氏病(HD)患者之间的被测元素变化较大,淋巴细胞消减型(LD)组血清铜和铜/锌比值高于混合细胞型(MC)和淋巴细胞为主型(LP),而锌低于混合细胞型(MC),差异显著(P<0.05～P<0.001)。非何杰金氏病患者中,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期组血清铜含量和铜/锌比值高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者组,差异显著(P<0.001)。结论　血清中铜、锌、锰、钙及铜/锌的测定对恶性淋巴瘤患者的病因调查、临床诊断、型态鉴别及其疗效观察可提供重要的依据。本研究资料的Logistic回归的多因素分析表明,铁元素和铜/锌比值相对危险度(OR)分别为0.4634和10.9919,偏回归系数(β)为-0.7691和2.3972,95%可信限(CI)分别为(-1.3432～-0.1949)和(1.6020～3.1923),提示,铁可能是恶性淋巴瘤的保护因素,而铜/锌比值可能是危险因素。     

食管癌高低发区饮用水微量元素谱的多元分析

背景与目的： 研究食管癌高低发区饮用水中微量元素谱(Trace elements,TE),为食管癌(Esophageal cancer,EC)病因提供研究依据。材料与方法：采集食管癌高低发地区的饮用水样,用高频电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(Inductively coupled plasma_atomic emission spectgrometry,ICP_AES)测定13种元素(Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, V, Zn)含量,并进行t检验、相关分析、建立回归方程。 结果： 检测发现食管癌高低发区的水样中的微量元素谱不同,Fisher判别法,其识别准确率为93％。 结论： 不同环境水中微量元素对食管癌发生率有影响。     

Activities of DNA turnover and free radical metabolizing enzymes in cancerous human prostate tissue.

Activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA), 5'nucleotidase (5'NT), xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) and levels of thiobarbituric acid reagent substances (TBARS) were measured in 10 cancerous and 10 noncancerous human prostate tissues. Decreased activities of DNA turnover enzymes (ADA and 5'NT), increased activities of GSH-Px and CAT, and unchanged activities of SOD and XO were observed in cancerous prostate tissues compared with those of noncancerous ones. TBARS levels were found to be higher in cancerous tissues than noncancerous ones. In correlation analysis, mostly positive correlations were established between enzyme activities of the cancerous tissues, whereas no meaningful correlations were found between enzyme activities of the noncancerous tissues except for a positive correlation between XO and SOD. The results indicate that the activities of DNA turnover enzymes were reduced, which was possibly an attempt to lower the rate of purine catabolism, and the activities of GSH-Px and CAT enzymes were increased, probably in response to increased free radical stress occurring in cancerous prostate tissues. Increased concentrations of TBARS suggested oxidant stress and thus accelerated peroxidative reactions in the cancerous tissues, even though antioxidant defense mechanisms were activated. These findings suggest that enzymatic antioxidant systems of cancerous prostate tissues cannot sufficiently eliminate oxidant factors and prevent cellular peroxidative reactions occurring during the carcinogenic process.     

Joint effects of dietary trace metals and DNA repair capacity in lung cancer risk.

In a large case-control study, we previously reported that dietary intakes of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), but not selenium (Se), were inversely associated with lung cancer risk. Because Zn, Cu, Se, iron (Fe), and calcium (Ca) are important for maintaining DNA stability, we examined their associations with DNA repair capacity (DRC) measured by the lymphocyte host-cell reactivation assay in 1,139 cases and 1,210 of the controls. Dietary intake was reported in a food frequency questionnaire. In multivariate analyses, compared to those with high dietary Cu + proficient DRC, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) [OR (95% CI)] for lung cancer for low Cu + suboptimal DRC was 2.54 (1.97-3.27). Similar results were observed for men and women. These effects were more pronounced in older and lean subjects, those with late-stage disease, and those with a family history of cancer in first-degree relatives. Compared to subjects with high Zn + proficient DRC, the OR for lung cancer for low Zn + suboptimal DRC was 1.82 (95% CI, 1.41-2.34), with pronounced effects in men, current smokers, subjects with longer duration of smoking, those with late-stage disease, or those with a family history of cancer. An OR of 1.94 (95% CI, 1.51-2.48) was observed for low Fe + suboptimal DRC compared with high Fe + proficient DRC, and pronounced effects appeared in older, lean subjects, those with longer duration of smoking, are heavier smokers, those with a late-stage disease, and those with a family history of cancer. No significant joint associations were seen for Se or Ca and DRC. Our joint associations between Cu-DRC, Zn-DRC and Fe-DRC and lung cancer risk require confirmation in prospective studies.