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1.
Li D Chen Y Shi Y He X Chen X 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2009,82(4):473-477
In natural environment with ambient air, ginkgo trees emitted volatile organic compounds 0.18 μg g−1 h−1 in July, and 0.92 μg g−1 h−1 in September. Isoprene and limonene were the most abundant detected compounds. In September, α-pinene accounted for 22.5%
of the total. Elevated CO2 concentration in OTCs increased isoprene emission significantly in July (p < 0.05) and September (p < 0.05), while the total monoterpenes emission was enhanced in July and decreased in September by elevated CO2. Exposed to elevated O3 increased the isoprene and monoterpenes emissions in July and September, and the total volatile organic compounds emission
rates were 0.48 μg g−1 h−1 (in July) and 2.24 μg g−1 h−1 (in September), respectively. The combination of elevated CO2 and O3 did not have any effect on biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions, except increases of isoprene and Δ3-carene in September.
Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90411019). 相似文献
2.
Salahshur S Bakhtiari AR Kochanian P 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2012,88(6):951-955
The concentrations of Zn, Cd and Pb were determined in tissues (shell and soft tissue) of 144 of bivalve mollusks (Solen brevis) and 15 samples of surface sediment collected from three locations in intertidal zones of Bushehr coast, Persian Gulf, Iran
in May 2011. The mean concentrations of Zn, Cd and Pb in the sediment samples were 26.2, 1.25, and 21.1 μg/g dw, respectively.
The mean levels of Zn, Cd and Pb in the clam samples were 63.3, 0.67, and 4.38 μg/g dw in soft tissue and 10. 7, 1.53, and
15.6 μg/g dw in shell, respectively. The degrees of variability (CV %) for Cd and Pb within the shells were lower than for
soft tissues, whereas the CV for Zn was lower in the soft tissue than in the shell, indicating that there is more precision
(lower CV) in the determination of Cd and Pb in the shells and Zn in the soft tissues. Significant correlation were found
between Cd (r = 0.63; p < 0.05) and Pb (r = 0.78; p < 0.01) concentrations in the shell of S.
brevis and their concentrations in the surface sediments. Indeed, Zn concentrations in the soft tissue of S. brevis significantly (r = 0.63; p < 0.05) correlated with Zn concentrations in surface sediments. The results of this study suggest that the shell of S.
brevis may serve as a reliable biomonitor for Cd and Pb, and the soft tissue for Zn. 相似文献
3.
S. D. Fox J. M. Roman H. J. Issaq R. W. Nims 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1998,35(1):104-108
1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDD) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) levels were measured by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection in liver
and blood serum of male F344/NCr rats exposed for 2 weeks to DDD at dietary concentrations ranging from 8.51 ppm to 2,000
ppm. DDD burdens in serum ranged from <0.006 μM (limit of detection) in control rats to 1.1 μM in the rats fed DDD at 2,000
ppm. The corresponding liver burdens in these animals ranged from <0.006 μmol/kg liver (controls) to 11 μmol/kg liver in rats
fed DDD at 2,000 ppm. Levels of DDE in serum or liver were undetectable (<0.006 μM in serum; <0.006 μmol/kg liver) in rats
fed control diet or diet containing 8.51 or 25.5 ppm DDD. The liver and serum burdens of DDE increased with dietary DDD concentration,
reaching a maximum of 0.53 μM in serum and 4.7 μmol/kg liver in rats fed 2,000 ppm DDD. As a percentage of total DDD equivalents
detected in liver or serum, the DDE burdens increased to a maximum of 36% and 31% in the serum and liver, respectively, of
rats fed 689 ppm DDD. The possibility that the DDE might have been generated artifactually in the diet prior to administration
to the rats was ruled out by analysis with capillary gas chromatography of the diet containing 2,000 ppm DDD. The identification
of DDE as a metabolite in liver extracts of rats fed 2,000 ppm DDD was confirmed with GC-MS. The results confirmed the presence
of DDE as a metabolite of DDD.
Received: 18 August 1997/Accepted: 6 January 1998 相似文献
4.
Nabavi SF Habtemariam S Jafari M Sureda A Nabavi SM 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2012,89(1):73-77
Gallic acid is known as a potent antioxidant active compound of the edible and medicinal plant Peltiphyllum peltatum. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of gallic acid against sodium fluoride induced
oxidative stress in rat brain. Gallic acid (10 and 20 mg/kg) and vitamin C (10 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally administrated
for 1 week prior to sodium fluoride intoxication. After the treatment period, brain tissues were collected and homogenized,
and antioxidant parameters were measured in the homogenates. The level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in sodium
fluoride intoxicated rats (42.04 ± 2.14 nmol MDA eq/g tissue, p < 0.01 vs. normal) increased compared to the normal rats (35.99 ± 1.08 nmol MDA eq/g tissue). Pretreatment with gallic acid
at 20 mg/kg was exhibited significant reduction in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level (37.06 ± 1.4 nmol MDA
eq/g tissue, p > 0.05 vs. normal). This increasing in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level was accompanied with a decrease in the
level of reduced glutathione (6.74 ± 0.28 μg/mg of protein, p < 0.001 vs. normal), superoxide dismutase (53.24 ± 1.62 U/mg of protein, p < 0.001 vs. normal) and catalase (70.73 ± 2.94 μmol/min/mg of protein p < 0.001 vs. normal) activities in sodium fluoride intoxicated rat. Gallic acid at 20 mg/kg was significantly modified the
level of reduced glutathione (11.02 ± 0.53 μg/mg of protein, p < 0.05 vs normal) and catalase activity (89.22 ± 3.67 μmol/min/mg of protein, p > 0.05 vs. normal) in rat brain. However, gallic acid at 20 mg/kg was significantly more effective in retrieving superoxide
dismutase (124.78 ± 5.7 U/mg of protein) activity than vitamin C (115.5 ± 4.97 U/mg of protein). 相似文献
5.
Alleviation Effect of Alginate-Derived Oligosaccharides on Vicia faba Root Tip Cells Damaged by Cadmium 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
L. J. Ma Y. Zhang N. Bu S. H. Wang 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,84(2):161-164
Cadmium has been shown to prevent Vicia faba growth by inhibiting cell mitosis. In this study we investigated the role of Alginate-derived Oligosaccharides (ADO) in alleviating
Vicia faba root tip cells damaged by 6 and 8 mg L−1 CdCl2. Micronucleus assay and chromosomal aberration assay were used to determine mitotic index, micronucleus frequency and chromosomal
aberration frequency. The results showed that micronucleus frequency of Vicia faba root tip cells was inhibited under all the ADO concentrations. Especially, the inhibition ratio of 0.125% ADO highly reached
66.11 and 67.17% in 6 and 8 mg L−1 CdCl2, respectively. Furthermore, the mitotic index increased (p < 0.05) and chromosomal aberration frequency decreased (p < 0.05) under all the ADO concentrations. This indicated that ADO had a significant alleviation effect on Vicia faba root tip cells damaged by cadmium. 相似文献
6.
Anyasor GN Oyewole IO Ogunwenmo KO Ayowole A 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2012,88(1):108-111
This study investigated the effect of coartemether on antioxidant and hepatotoxic biomarkers in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Erythrocyte, hepatic and renal superoxide dismutase (2.71 ± 0.51; 1.96 ± 0.87; 2.84 ± 0.22 Units/mg protein
respectively) and catalase (4.10 ± 0.10; 8.25 ± 1.24; 6.28 ± 0.11 Units/mg protein respectively) activities were significantly
(p < 0.05) elevated in “parasitized and treated” (PnT) animals. Renal glutathione level (19.02 ± 0.20 μg/mL) was elevated in
PnT animals. Glutathione S-transferase and malondialdehyde levels in hepatic (8.76 ± 0.49 μmol/min/mg; 527.23 ± 24.56 mmol/dL) and renal (3.35 ± 0.30 μmol/min/mg;
464.42 ± 59.13 mmol/dL) tissues were significantly high (p < 0.05) in coartemether-treated animals alone. Plasma aspartate transferase (9.45 ± 3.59 U/L) and alanine transferase (5.78 ± 2.36
U/L) were high in PnT animals. Therefore, data indicates that in the presence of P. berghei, coartemether could alter the antioxidant status and induce hepatotoxic damage in mice. 相似文献
7.
Jurkovič L Hiller E Veselská V Pet'ková K 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2011,86(4):433-437
In this study, the concentrations of arsenic were determined in the soils around old coal-ash pond. The soils in the study
area were severely contaminated with arsenic after dam failure of the coal-ash pond. The mean concentrations of arsenic in
soils collected from three sampling depths of 0–20, 20–40 and >40 cm were 173, 155 and 426 μg/g, respectively, exceeding greatly
the Dutch intervention threshold for this element. Arsenic concentrations were positively correlated with total iron and aluminium
contents in the soils (r = 0.73, p < 0.001 and r = 0.72, p < 0.001, respectively), indicating that oxyhydroxides of iron and aluminium may control the distribution of arsenic in these
soils. Ammonium nitrate extractant was used to mimic availability of arsenic for plant uptake from the soils. Between 0.05
and 6.21% of the total soil arsenic were extracted using a single extraction test and a significant positive correlation between
soil leachate pH and arsenic extractability (r = 0.70, p < 0.01) was observed. This suggested that soil pH might play a role in the bioavailability of arsenic. 相似文献
8.
Otieno PO Schramm KW Pfister G Lalah JO Ojwach SO Virani M 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2012,88(4):526-532
Chlorpyrifos ethyl was found to be widely distributed in water and sediment in Lake Naivasha. Higher levels were reported
in sediment (11.2–30.0 ng g−1 dry weight (dw) in wet season than in dry season (4.7–17.4 ng g−1 dw). The mean concentration of chlorpyrifos ethyl in water in wet season ranged between 8.8 and 26.6 μg L−1 and decreased to between below detection limit to 14.0 μg L−1 in dry season. On average, higher concentrations of chlorpyrifos ethyl were observed in sediment than water samples. Statistical
analysis revealed a significant difference in concentration between the seasons, and a significant interaction between seasons
and mean concentrations at p ≤ 0.05. However, levels of diazinon and carbofuran were below the detection limit in all the samples analyzed. Notably, levels
of chlorpyrifos ethyl were higher than the maximum allowable limits (0.1 μg L−1) recommended by European Union for drinking water and general water quality criterion for protection of freshwater water
organisms (0.083 μg L−1). 相似文献
9.
Giovanni De Pergola Marcello Sciaraffia Rosalba Amoroso Alida Ammirati Domenico Caccavo Federica Meleca Claudia Centoducati Michele Quaranta 《Mediterranean journal of nutrition and metabolism》2010,3(2):137-142
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) has been implicated in the recruitment of monocytes to atheroma and of monocytes
and macrophages to adipose tissue. The aim of the study was to examine whether MCP-1 levels are associated independently with
the main thermogenetic hormones (serum TSH and thyroid hormones and 24-h urinary catecholamines) and insulin resistance in
a population mainly represented by overweight and obese women. A cohort of 100 consecutive euthyroid women, aged 18–65 years,
and with a wide range of BMI, was examined. Central fat accumulation (indirectly measured by waist circumference), fasting
MCP-1 plasma levels, and TSH, FT3, FT4, insulin, glucose, and lipid (cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride) serum concentrations, and 24-h urinary catecholamines
were measured. Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMAIR). MCP-1 levels were directly associated with BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p < 0.001), insulin (p < 0.001), HOMAIR (p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p < 0.001), triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.05), and 24-h urinary noradrenaline (p < 0.05), and negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.01). When a multiple regression analysis was performed with MCP-1 as the dependent variable, and only parameters showing
a significant univariate association with MCP-1 were considered as the independent variables, MCP-1 maintained an independent
positive association with insulin (p < 0.01), and DBP (p < 0.05). When insulin was replaced by HOMAIR in the regression analysis, MCP-1 maintained an independent positive association with HOMAIR (p < 0.05), DBP (p < 0.05), and BMI (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study suggests that insulin, BMI, and diastolic blood pressure cooperate independently in increasing
MCP-1 levels, whereas thyroid hormones and catecholamines have no apparent influence on this chemokine. 相似文献
10.
Ramos-Gómez J Viguri JR Luque A Vale C Martín-Díaz ML DelValls TA 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2011,61(4):578-589
The sediment quality of Cádiz Bay, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (LPGC) Port, Santander Bay, Algeciras Bay, and Huelva Estuary
(Spain) was evaluated by analysing a battery of biochemical biomarkers―activities of biotranformation enzymes ethoxyresorufin
O-deethylase [EROD], dibenzylflourescein dealkylase [DBF], and glutathione S-transferase [GST]; activity of antioxidant enzyme
glutathione reductase [GR]; and lipid peroxidation [LPO]―in the polychaete Arenicola marina after laboratory sediment exposure. Huelva Estuary polychaetes showed significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced LPO, GST, and EROD activities compared with control lugworms related to metals and presumably polychlorinated
biphenyls. EROD activity significant (p < 0.05) induction was associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after Santander Bay sediment exposure. Nickel appeared
to significantly (p < 0.05) induce GR activity and LPO in LPGC Port sediment–exposed organisms. DBF activity significantly (p < 0.05) increased in polychaetes exposed to sediments from sewage-contaminated areas. A. marina was sensitive at the biochemical level. Integration of sediment characterization and biomarker results allowed the identification
of polluted sites as well as the cause of possible sediment toxicity. 相似文献
11.
M. Martiniaková R. Omelka A. Jančová R. Stawarz G. Formicki 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2011,60(3):524-532
Concentrations of selected heavy metals in the femora and femoral bone structure of bank (Myodes glareolus) and common (Microtus arvalis) voles from different polluted biotopes in Slovakia (Kolíňany and Nováky sites) were investigated. Length, weight, and histological
structure of vole bones were also analyzed. We observed higher concentrations of lead (Pb), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc
(Zn) in the bones of both species from the Kolíňany site. Significant differences were observed in the concentration of Fe
in bank and common voles (p < 0.05) and in the concentration of Zn (p < 0.05) in common voles. The animals from Nováky had higher concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) in their bones;
however, the differences were not significant. The measured values for bone length and weight were higher in both species
from Nováky (p < 0.05). We did not identify differences in qualitative histological characteristics of the femora between the voles (M. glareolus and M. arvalis separately) between the two biotopes. In addition, no statistically significant differences for any the measured variables
of primary osteons’ vascular canals were observed. Correlation analysis in M. glareolus showed a strong positive relation between Cd and Ni (r = 0.52), Pb and bone weight (r = 0.53), Fe and bone weight (r = 0.52), and Fe and perimeter size of primary osteons’ vascular canals (r = 0.55). In common voles, a strong positive relation was found between Fe and Cu (r = 0.60) and between Fe and perimeter size of vascular canals of primary osteons (r = 0.55). Our results indicate that accumulation of some heavy metals is slightly increased in the femora of both species
at Kolíňany. 相似文献
12.
Young Bin Im Ilho Ha Keon Wook Kang Moo-Yeol Lee Hyo-Kyung Han 《Nutrition and cancer》2013,65(4):538-543
The effect of macelignan, a phytoestrogen, on P-gp function was investigated using multidrug resistant cancer cells overexpressing P-gp (NCI/ADR-RES) and the fluorescent P-gp substrates, daunorubicin and rhodamine 123. Macelignan (40 μM) increased the cellular accumulation of daunorubicin by approximately threefold in NCI/ADR-RES cells, whereas it did not alter the cellular accumulation of daunorubicin in MCF-7/sensitive cells. Similarly, the presence of macelignan also enhanced significantly (P < 0.05) the cellular accumulation of rhodamine 123 in a concentration-dependent manner in NCI/ADR-RES cells. Furthermore, cancer cells were more susceptible to the cytotoxicity of vinblastine, a P-gp substrate, in the presence of macelignan. Those results suggest that macelignan has inhibitory effects on P-gp mediated cellular efflux. However, P-gp activity did not affect the cellular accumulation of macelignan itself. Taken all together, macelignan was identified as a novel inhibitor of P-gp activity and may be a promising lead compound for the rational design of more efficacious drugs to reverse multidrug resistance in cancer. 相似文献
13.
S. Y. Leung C. K. Kwok X. P. Nie K. C. Cheung M. H. Wong 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,58(2):415-430
Six species of freshwater fish collected from 10 fishponds in Shunde and Zhongshan, China, four species of marine fishes collected
from different mariculture farms [four in Hong Kong (Tung Lung Chau, Ma Wan, Cheung Chau and Kat O) and two in mainland China
(Daya Bay and Shenzhen)] together with feed (both trash fish and commercial pellets) and sediment were analyzed for DDTs.
Total DDTs in freshwater fish flesh decreased in the order of: carnivores [1742 μg/kg lipid weight (l.w.)] > herbivores (165 μg/kg,
l.w.) > omnivores (42.5 μg/kg, l.w.), with the highest concentration detected in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) (2641 μg/kg, l.w.). For marine fish, snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii) and orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) collected in Ma Wan contained elevated levels of total DDTs (2590 and 2034 μg/kg l.w., respectively). Trash fish used in
both freshwater and marine fish farms contained significantly higher levels (86.5–641 μg/kg l.w.) (p < 0.05) of DDTs than in commercial pellets, but correlations between DDT levels in fish feed and muscle were not significant.
The elevated biota-sediment accumulating factor for tilapia (Tilapia mossambicus) (24.1) indicated that accumulation of DDTs from sediment to the fish was evident. It can be concluded that trash fish should
not be used for fish culture in order to lower the level of residual DDTs in fish muscle. 相似文献
14.
Litao Ruan Wei Chen Sathanur R. Srinivasan Jihua Xu Ahmet Toprak Gerald S. Berenson 《European journal of epidemiology》2009,24(6):315-319
That plasma homocysteine is elevated markedly in renal dysfunction is well recognized. But whether the increased homocysteine
is an independent correlate of glomerular filtration rate, a marker of renal function, in asymptomatic younger individuals
is not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the association between plasma homocysteine and renal function in a biracial
(black–white) community-based cohort of asymptomatic young adults. Plasma homocysteine along with cardiovascular disease risk
factor variables were measured in 805 white and 330 black subjects, ages 24–44 years, enrolled in the Bogalusa Heart Study.
Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation was used to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)
from serum creatinine level. Males versus females showed higher homocysteine levels (8.83 ± 3.16 vs. 7.35 ± 2.84 μmol/L, p < 0.0001) and lower eGFR (99.1 ± 17.6 vs. 102.5 ± 21.0 mL/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.024). Whites versus blacks had lower eGFR (97.3 ± 18.0 vs. 110.0 ± 20.6 mL/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.0001). In a multivariate regression analysis that included age, race, sex, body mass index, blood pressure, lipoprotein
variables, insulin resistance index and homocysteine, white race, age and homocysteine, in that order, were independently
and negatively associated with eGFR. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of individuals in the homocysteine quintiles
II, III, IV and V vs. I for having the risk of impaired eGFR defined as <10th percentile was 2.28 (0.95–5.50, p = 0.065), 2.97 (1.24–7.12, p = 0.015), 3.32 (1.45–7.60, p = 0.005) and 6.99 (3.06–15.94, p < 0.0001), respectively. Homocysteine is an independent correlate of renal function in asymptomatic black and white young
adults. 相似文献
15.
Determination of Five Phthalate Monoesters in Human Urine Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Fumio Kondo Yoshitomo Ikai Rumiko Hayashi Masanao Okumura Satoshi Takatori Hiroyuki Nakazawa Shun-ichiro Izumi Tsunehisa Makino 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,85(1):92-96
We have developed a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method to determine five phthalate monoesters (monoethyl
phthalate (MEP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), monoisononyl phthalate (MINP) and monobenzyl phthalate (MBz))
in human urine. Human urine samples were subjected to enzymatic deconjugation of the glucuronides followed by extraction with
hexane. The extracted phthalate monoesters were methylated with diazomethane, purified on a Florisil column and then subjected
to GC–MS analysis. The recoveries from urine spiked with five phthalate monoesters were 86.3%–119% with coefficients of variation
of 0.6%–6.1%. We measured phthalate monoester levels in human urine by analyzing 36 samples from volunteers. MBP and MEP were
detected in all samples, and their median concentrations were 60.0 and 10.7 ng/mL, respectively. MBzP and MEHP were found
in 75% and 56% of samples, and their median concentrations were 10.9 and 5.75 ng/mL, respectively. MINPs were not detected
in most samples (6% detectable). Women had significantly (p < 0.05) higher mean concentrations of MBP and MEP than men. The estimated daily exposure levels for the four parent phthalates
excluding diisononyl phthalate ranged from 0.27 to 5.69 μg/kg/day (median). 相似文献
16.
Sayaka Eguchi Hiroya Harino Yoshikazu Yamamoto 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,58(3):684-693
The concentrations of organotin compounds in the aquatic environment of Maizuru Bay and their spatial distribution are discussed.
The concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) compounds in water samples ranged from 0.001 to 0.002 μg l−1, and monobutyltin compounds were the dominant species among the butyltin compounds. TBT concentrations in Maizuru Bay are
low compared with other coastal waters of Japan. Drastic differences in TBT concentrations were not observed among the Maizuru
Bay sites. Phenyltin compounds were not detected in the water samples. Concentrations of TBT and triphenyltin (TPT) in sediment
from Maizuru Bay ranged, respectively, from 0.9 to 11 μg kg−1, from 0.2 to 17 μg kg−1 dry weight (dw). TBT concentrations in Maizuru Bay were lower than those in other coastal areas of Japan. TPT concentrations
were greater than TBT concentrations in the fishing port. The concentrations of TBT and TPT in blue mussels (M. galloprovincialis) from Maizuru Bay were in the range of 2.4 to 9.3 μg kg−1 and 0.2–13 μg kg−1 wet weight (ww), respectively. A tolerable average residue level (TARL) was estimated at 74.8 μg kg−1 from a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 0.25 bis(tributyltin)oxide μg kg−1 body weight day−1. TBT concentrations detected in blue mussel samples were lower than the TARL values. The acceptable concentration of TPT,
which were calculated using acceptable daily intake instead of TDI, was 127 μg kg−1. Concentrations of TPT in blue mussel samples were also lower than the TARL. TBT compounds in blue mussel samples were at
similar levels among the various sampling sites, indicating that TBT is not currently being used in ship hull paints; the
ratios of degradation products of TBT and TPT were greater than those of the parent compounds. Concentrations of alternative
biocides in water samples were also investigated in the bay. Although Sea-Nine 211, M1, and Pyrithiones were not detected,
Diuron and Irgarol 1051 were detected at 0.010–0.257 and at 0.002–0.018 μg l−1, respectively. Concentrations of Diuron were great in the shipping route and near the shipyard, whereas the concentration
of Irgarol 1051 was great at the fishing port. Concentrations of Diuron and Irgarol 1051 in sediment from Maizuru Bay ranged,
respectively, from <0.08 to 12, from <0.08 to 9.8 μg kg−1 dw, respectively. Despite being a semi-enclosed bay, we found that sediment in Maizuru Bay is not contaminated by alternative
biocides to the degree found in other coastal areas. Copper concentrations of sediment were at ordinary levels, and those
of blue mussels were slightly lower than those reported previously in other coastal areas of Japan. In both the sediment and
blue mussels, there was no correlation between the presence of copper and antifouling biocides. 相似文献
17.
18.
Rotifers are one of the smallest metazoans. They serve as a model organism for ecotoxicological studies. More than 60% of
the lakes in China are increasingly eutrophic and they are susceptible to blooms of Microcystis aeruginosa. We investigated the effects of M. aeruginosa on the survival and reproduction of Brachionus calyciflorus using the life table method at different temperatures. The findings showed that concentration of M. aeruginosa significantly affected the intrinsic rate of increase (rm), net reproductive rate (R0), average lifespan (L) and offspring number (p < 0.05). Temperature also significantly affected the generation time (T), average lifespan (L) and offspring number (p < 0.05). Moreover, the interaction between temperature and concentration had statistically significant effects on offspring
number (p < 0.05). M. aeruginosa suppressed the survival and reproduction of B. calyciflorus, particularly at a concentration of 106 cells/mL. The rm values of the rotifers exposed at 106 cells/mL decreased more than 200% compared with those of the control group. However, at a lower concentration, 104 cells/mL, M. aeruginosa may supply appropriate nourishment to rotifers. In addition, at concentrations of 105 and 106 cells/mL, the inhibition of rotifers by M. aeruginosa heightened with increasing temperature. 相似文献
19.
Yoko Takemura Da-Hong Wang Rani Sauriasari Masako Horita Ken Tsutsui Kuniaki Sano Noriyoshi Masuoka Tomoko Takigawa Jiro Takaki Keiki Ogino 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,84(3):347-350
We evaluated pyrogallol cytotoxicity using Escherichia coli strains that express mammalian catalase gene derived from catalase mutant mice (Csb) and wild-type (Csa), and pyrogallol mutagenicity by Ames test. Pyrogallol was more toxic to Csb rather than to Csa (p < 0.05), while catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbic acid decrease the toxic effect. Pyrogallol also showed mutagenic
effect (mutagenic index = 3.8 for 10 μmol pyrogallol/plate) while ascorbic acid (19.4% reduction, p < 0.001) and naringin (35.1% reduction, p < 0.001) played a protective role against it. Pyrogallol cytotoxicity and mutagenicity seem to be attributable, at least
in part, to reactive oxygen species formation. This study also suggests that newly established catalase mutant E. coli is probably useful in hazard identification of oxidative chemicals. 相似文献
20.
Vu Duc Toan Vu Duc Thao Jürg Walder Cao The Ha 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2009,82(4):516-521
Selected organochlorine pesticides (p,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, α,β,γ,δ-HCH) were analyzed in the surface soils of Bacninh, Viet Nam. Forty representative soil samples were collected from Bacninh
town and three surrounding districts. ΣDDT concentrations ranged from <0.02 to 160.86 ng g−1 dry weight, whereas ΣHCH concentrations ranged from <0.05 to 9.54 ng g−1 dry weight. The half-life times of ΣDDT and ΣHCH are 6.7 and 4.9 years, respectively. The decreasing trends of ΣDDT and ΣHCH
levels during the period from 1992 to 2006 are observed. There is no recent input of DDT and HCH in the study area. 相似文献