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Objective
Fatigue is one of the most prevalent and significant symptoms experienced by breast cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate potential population heterogeneity in fatigue symptoms of the patients using the innovative non-normal mixture modeling.Methods
A sample of 197 breast cancer patients completed the brief fatigue inventory and other measures on cancer symptoms. Non-normal factor mixture models were analyzed and compared using the normal, t, skew-normal, and skew-t distributions. Selection of the number of latent classes was based on the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). The identified classes were validated by comparing their demographic profiles, clinical characteristics, and cancer symptoms using a stepwise distal outcome approach.Results
The observed fatigue items displayed slight skewness but evident negative kurtosis. Factor mixture models using the normal distribution pointed to a 3-class solution. The t distribution mixture models showed the lowest BIC for the 2-class model. The restored class (52.5 %) exhibited moderate severity (item mean = 2.8–3.2) and low interference (item mean = 1.1–1.9). The exhausted class (47.5 %) displayed high levels of fatigue severity and interference (item mean = 5.8–6.6). Compared to the restored class, the exhausted class reported significantly higher perceived stress, anxiety, depression, pain, sleep disturbance, and lower quality of life.Conclusions
The non-normal factor mixture models suggest two distinct subgroups of patients on their fatigue symptoms. The presence of the exhausted class with exacerbated symptoms calls for a proactive assessment of the symptoms and development of tailored interventions for this subgroup. 相似文献4.
Sylvia H. Paz Karen L. Spritzer Leo S. Morales Ron D. Hays 《Quality of life research》2013,22(7):1819-1830
Purpose
To evaluate the equivalence of the PROMIS® physical functioning item bank by language of administration (English versus Spanish).Methods
The PROMIS® wave 1 English-language physical functioning bank consists of 124 items, and 114 of these were translated into Spanish.Analysis
Item frequencies, means and standard deviations, item-scale correlations, and internal consistency reliability were calculated. The IRT assumption of unidimensionality was evaluated by fitting a single-factor confirmatory factor analytic model. IRT threshold and discrimination parameters were estimated using Samejima’s Graded Response Model. DIF by language of administration was evaluated.Results
Item means ranged from 2.53 (SD = 1.36) to 4.62 (SD = 0.82). Coefficient alpha was 0.99, and item-rest correlations ranged from 0.41 to 0.89. A one-factor model fits the data well (CFI = 0.971, TLI = 0.970, and RMSEA = 0.052). The slope parameters ranged from 0.45 (“Are you able to run 10 miles?”) to 4.50 (“Are you able to put on a shirt or blouse?”). The threshold parameters ranged from ?1.92 (“How much do physical health problems now limit your usual physical activities (such as walking or climbing stairs)?”) to 6.06 (“Are you able to run 10 miles?”). Fifty of the 114 items were flagged for DIF based on an R 2 of 0.02 or above criterion. The expected total score was higher for Spanish- than English-language respondents.Conclusions
English- and Spanish-speaking subjects with the same level of underlying physical function responded differently to 50 of 114 items. This study has important implications in the study of physical functioning among diverse populations. 相似文献5.
Background
In spite of the proven effectiveness of parenting based programs to prevent adolescent risk behaviors, such programs are rarely implemented in Mediterranean countries.Objective
This pilot study was aimed at assessing the feasibility and the effects of a parenting based universal prevention program (Connect) in Italy.Methods
Our sample comprised 147 mothers and 147 youths, aged 11–14 (M = 12.46, SD = .72). We adopted a quasi-experimental design. Forty percent of the parents in the sample were in the intervention condition (receiving 10 one hour lessons a week). ANCOVAs and Cohen’s d coefficients were used to compute intervention effects.Results
The results showed that, despite difficulty in recruiting parents, the program held promising effects regarding the prevention of alcohol use at a universal level (Cohen’s d = .55); the intervention also marginally decreased the level of non-empathic answers from parents, at least in the short term (Cohen’s d = .32).Conclusions
This study highlighted the importance of focusing on families to prevent problem behaviors in adolescence. It also points to the need for new strategies to engage parents in universal prevention. 相似文献6.
Purpose
To provide evidence for the validity of the Fragebogen zur Lebensqualität multimorbider älterer Menschen (FLQM; English: Quality of life in elders with multimorbidity), a new tool for the assessment of life-satisfaction as a subjective indicator of quality of life in old age.Methods
The FLQM measures overall life-satisfaction based on those self-generated domains in life that are most important to the respondent. Construct validity (correlations with convergent and divergent scales) and differential validity (subgroup differences with respect to age and limitations in everyday functioning) were analyzed in an urban sample of older adults (n = 299; 54.6% male; Mean (age) = 75.65 years, SD = 6.57).Results
Correlations of FLQM with measures of similar constructs were close (r = 0.35–0.50; p < 0.001). There were no age-group differences. However, subjects with self-reported impairment in functioning scored significantly lower on the FLQM. Also, the relationship between FLQM and self-rated health was close (r = 0.44; p < 0.001).Conclusions
The FLQM is a valid assessment of older peoples’ life-satisfaction. The focus on domains of utmost individual importance seems to link the FLQM to self-rated health more closely than other ratings of global life-satisfaction. Further investigation into the qualitative information obtained by the FLQM is desirable in order to explain individual compositions of life-satisfaction and overall quality of life. 相似文献7.
Eric Jutkowitz Laura Pizzi Edward Hess Dong-Churl Suh Laura N. Gitlin 《Quality of life research》2013,22(6):1491-1498
Purpose
To compare societal values across three health-state classification systems in older African Americans with depression and to describe the association of these instruments to depression severity.Methods
We summarized baseline values for EQ-5D (US weights) and HUI2/3 (Canadian weights) and their subscales for 118 older African American participants enrolled in a randomized depression treatment trial and calculated correlations between the different instruments. We evaluated ceiling and floor effects for each instrument by comparing the proportion at the highest and lowest possible score for each tool. Also, utility scores were assessed by level of depression severity (mild, moderate, moderate severe, severe) scores as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).Results
Mean utility values were 0.58 (SD = 0.21) for EQ-5D, 0.52 (SD = 0.21) for HUI2, and 0.36 (SD = 0.31) for HUI3. For the EQ-5D, 72 % of participants reported having some problems on the anxiety/depression domain. On the emotion domain for the HUI2, 23 % reported the highest level of impairment compared to only 3 % on the HUI3. No participant scored at the floor for the EQ-5D, HUI2, or HUI3 index; one participant scored at the ceiling value on the HUI3 index. Correlations ranged from 0.63 to 0.82 (all of which were significant at an alpha level of 0.05). In general, utility scores trended inversely with depression level.Conclusion
Small differences in the three preference-weighted health-state classification systems were evident for this sample of older African Americans with depressive symptoms, with HUI scores lower than EQ-5D. For this sample, utility scores were lower (i.e., poorer) than the general United States population with depression on each utility measure. 相似文献8.
Frank J. Elgar Kate E. Pickett William Pickett Wendy Craig Michal Molcho Klaus Hurrelmann Michela Lenzi 《International journal of public health》2013,58(2):237-245
Objectives
To examine the relation between income inequality and school bullying (perpetration, victimisation and bully/victims) and explore whether the relation is attributable to international differences in violent crime.Methods
Between 1994 and 2006, the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study surveyed 117 nationally representative samples of adolescents about their involvement in school bullying over the previous 2 months. Country prevalence rates of bullying were matched to data on income inequality and homicides.Results
With time and country differences held constant, income inequality positively related to the prevalence of bullying others at least twice (b = 0.25), victimisation by bullying at least twice (b = 0.29) and both bullied and victimisation at least twice (b = 0.40). The relation between income inequality and victimisation was partially mediated by country differences in homicides.Conclusions
Understanding the social determinants of school bullying facilitates anti-bullying policy by identifying groups at risk and exposing its cultural and economic influences. This study found that cross-national differences in income inequality related to the prevalence of school bullying in most age and gender groups due, in part, to a social milieu of interpersonal violence. 相似文献9.
Lien Van Malderen Tony Mets Patricia De Vriendt Ellen Gorus 《Quality of life research》2013,22(5):929-937
Purpose
Active Ageing (AA), as described by the WHO (Active Ageing: a policy framework. World Health Organisation, Geneva 5), is an important concept in gerontology. Since the AA-concept has not been examined in the context of residential long-term care facilities, our study addresses this gap by describing the determinants of AA within this setting.Methods
A qualitative study with semi-structured focus groups, followed by a thematic analysis, was conducted. Through purposive sampling, four focus groups of either residents of long-term care facilities (n = 8), children of residents (n = 8), community-dwelling older people (n = 8) and gerontologists (n = 6) were formed.Results
The thematic analysis yielded nine determinants of AA. Seven correspond to those identified by the WHO: Culture, Behaviour, Psychological Factors, Physical Environment, Social Environment, Economic Characteristics and Health and Social Care. Two new determinants were identified: Meaningful Leisure and Participation. The determinant Participation is seen as crucial to AA in residential care.Conclusion
This study points to a more extensive set of determinants of AA than those identified by the WHO (Active Ageing: a policy framework. World Health Organisation, Geneva 5). Staff of long-term care facilities can make use of these determinants to promote AA in their residents. 相似文献10.
Purpose
We examined the main and interactive effects of race, BMI, and social support on physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among male and female cancer survivors using the stress and coping theory to inform findings.Methods
HRQoL issues among 1768 cancer survivors were examined using the American Cancer Society’s cross-sectional Study of Cancer Survivors II. Two-step multiple linear regressions were conducted to assess the physical and mental HRQoL of male and female cancer survivors, respectively.Results
The average age of participants was 67.36 (SD = 11.51); the majority were female (53.3 %; n = 941) and non-Hispanic White (85.9 %; n = 1517). The average BMI measurement for participants was 28.33 (SD = 5.90), with 41.3 % (n = 729) overweight and 30.3 % (n = 535) obese. Higher BMI was significantly associated with lower physical HRQoL across gender, while social support had significant main effects on physical and mental HRQoL across gender. Race moderated the relationship between social support and physical HRQoL among female cancer survivors and between BMI and mental HRQoL for both genders.Conclusions
The results of this study contribute a unique gender- and racial-specific perspective to cancer survivorship research. While the buffering hypothesis of the stress and coping theory was not supported, the main effects of BMI and social support on HRQoL were different across gender and race.11.
Kayoko Ichikawa Takeo Fujiwara Ichiro Kawachi 《Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association》2017,27(8):368-372
Background
Previous studies suggest that neighborhood social capital is associated with children's mental health. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between neighborhood collective efficacy and children's psychosocial development.Methods
We used data on children and their parents (n = 918) who were part of the Japanese study of Stratification, Health, Income, and Neighborhood (JSHINE) from 2010 to 2013 (wave 1 and wave 2). Households were recruited from the Tokyo metropolitan area through clustered random sampling. Changes in children's psychosocial development (assessed using a child behavioral checklist) between waves 1 and 2 were regressed on parents' perceptions of changes in neighborhood collective efficacy (social cohesion and informal social control).Results
Change in perception of neighborhood social cohesion was inversely associated with change in child total problems (β = ?0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: ?0.37 to ?0.001; effect size d = ?0.03). Change in perceptions of neighborhood informal social control was inversely associated with change in children's externalizing problems (β = ?0.16; 95% CI: ?0.30 to ?0.03; d = ?0.02).Conclusions
The results of these fixed-effects models suggest that strengthening neighborhood collective efficacy is related to improvements in child psychosocial development. 相似文献12.
Lluís Cirera José María Huerta María Dolores Chirlaque Genevieve Buckland Nerea Larrañaga María José Sánchez Antonio Agudo Pilar Amiano José Ramón Quirós Eva Ardanaz Larraitz Arriola Esther Molina Miren Dorronsoro Aurelio Barricarte Carlos A. González Concepción Moreno-Iribas Carmen Navarro 《International journal of public health》2013,58(1):65-77
Objective
Social position has yet to be established as a risk factor of coronary heart disease (CHD). Our aim was to investigate an individual life-course social position gradient link with CHD incidence in the EPIC-Spain cohort.Methods
41,066 participants, mostly 30–65 years old, and free of cardiovascular disease at baseline (1992–1996) were followed up for a mean of 10.4 years. A combined score of paternal occupation in childhood and own adult education was used to assess individual life-course risk accumulation. Hazard ratios of CHD were estimated using Cox models, stratifying by centre, and age, and adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.Results
583 participants (80 % men) developed a definite CHD event. Paternal occupational class IV was associated with CHD in all models in men. The educational gradient remained significant after adjusting for diet and physical activity (p = 0.01). All adjusted risk of incident CHD rose by 23 % (95 % CI 6–42 %) per category increase of life-course social position score in men. No significant associations were found in women.Conclusions
Individual life-course social position gradient was adversely related to incident CHD in Spanish men. 相似文献13.
Shannon L. Stewart Philip Baiden Laura Theall-Honey Wendy den Dunnen 《Child & youth care forum》2014,43(1):63-81
Background
Few studies have examined deliberate self-harm (DSH) among children in residential treatment in Canada. Most of the existing studies examined adolescent students or children from pediatric emergency departments.Objectives
The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of DSH among children in tertiary care residential treatment and the factors associated with DSH.Methods
Data on 284 children aged 5–17 years (M = 11.54 years, SD = 2.56) with mental health problems in tertiary care residential treatment were analyzed. Binary logistic regression was performed to examine the likelihood of engaging in DSH.Results
About 35 % of children engaged in DSH. Suicidal talk emerged as the strongest factor to be associated with DSH. Children who used alcohol or drugs were also more likely to engage in DSH than those who did not use alcohol or drugs. Furthermore, symptoms of conduct problems were associated with the likelihood of engaging in DSH.Conclusions
Identifying children at risk for engaging in DSH and suicidal behavior is of critical importance to mental health care providers. These factors could assist in identifying children who might require more specialized treatment related to self-harm during their stay in residential treatment. 相似文献14.
Wonhyung Lee Andrew Grogan-Kaylor Guillermo Sanhueza Fernando Andrade Jorge Delva 《International journal of public health》2014,59(1):87-94
Objectives
This study examines the relationship of neighborhood recreational space with youth smoking in mid- to low-income areas in the capital of Chile, Santiago.Methods
A unique data set of adolescents (n = 779, mean age = 14, 51 % male) provided home addresses of study participants which were geocoded and mapped. Satellite maps of neighborhoods were used to identify open spaces for recreational use (e.g., soccer fields and plazas). Thiessen polygons were generated to associate study participants with the nearest available open space using ArcGIS. Regression models, with smoking as a dependent variable, were estimated in which age, sex, family socioeconomic status, peer substance usage, neighborhood crime, and accessibility of open space were covariates.Results
The results show that residential proximity to recreational space was significantly and inversely associated with tobacco consumption among female, but not male, adolescents. Age and neighborhood crime were both positively associated with tobacco consumption among both male and female adolescents.Conclusions
This study suggests that recreational spaces in proximity to residences may have a positive impact on reducing adolescents’ inclination to consume tobacco. The relationship of the accessibility to such spaces with smoking appears to vary by adolescents’ sex. 相似文献15.
Steffie Lucidarme Mathieu Marlier Greet Cardon Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij Annick Willem 《International journal of public health》2014,59(1):51-60
Objectives
To define key factors of effective evidence-based policy implementation for physical activity promotion by use of a partnership approach.Methods
Using Parent and Harvey’s model for sport and physical activity community-based partnerships, we defined determinants of implementation based on 13 face-to-face interviews with network organisations and 39 telephone interviews with partner organisations. Furthermore, two quantitative data-sets (n = 991 and n = 965) were used to measure implementation.Results
In total, nine variables were found to influence implementation. Personal contact was the most powerful variable since its presence contributed to success while its absence led to a negative outcome. Four contributed directly to success: political motive, absence of a metropolis, high commitment and more qualified staff. Four others resulted in a less successful implementation: absence of positive merger effects, exposure motive and governance, and dispersed leadership.Conclusions
Community networks are a promising instrument for the implementation of evidence-based policies. However, determinants of both formation and management of partnerships influence the implementation success. During partnership formation, special attention should be given to partnership motives while social skills are of utmost importance for the management. 相似文献16.
Paula J. Fite Michelle Hendrickson Sonia L. Rubens Joy Gabrielli Spencer Evans 《Child & youth care forum》2013,42(3):193-205
Background
There is substantial evidence to suggest that aggressive behavior is associated with poor academic performance in school-aged children. However, less is known about how different subtypes of aggression are related to academic performance and what variables may account for this association.Objective
The current study examined unique associations between reactive (aggression in response to provocation) and proactive (goal-oriented calculated aggression) subtypes of aggression and academic performance. Further, the study evaluated whether peer rejection accounted for the link between these aggression subtypes and academic problems.Methods
Study questions were examined using a sample of 147 school-age children (M = 8.22, SD = 1.99, 54.4 % male) who attended a community-based after school program. Path models were used to estimate the proposed associations using Mplus 6.12 statistical software.Results
As expected, findings indicated that high levels of reactive, not proactive, aggression were uniquely associated with low levels of academic performance, and peer rejection accounted for this association.Conclusions
Results advance the literature linking aggression and academic difficulties by indicating that reactive aggression, but not proactive aggression, is associated with academic difficulties. Findings also support previous literature suggesting that peer relationships are an important target of prevention and intervention efforts aimed at improving school performance, particularly for individuals who exhibit reactively aggressive behavior. 相似文献17.
Magali Lahaye Nady Van Broeck Eddy Bodart Olivier Luminet 《Quality of life research》2013,22(4):907-916
Purpose
The present study examined the predictive value of emotional competence and the five-factor model of personality on the quality of life of children with asthma.Methods
Participants were 90 children (M age = 11.73, SD = 2.60) having controlled and partly controlled asthma, undergoing everyday treatment. Children filled in questionnaires assessing emotional competence and quality of life. Parents completed questionnaires assessing the personality of their child.Results
Results showed that two emotional competences, bodily awareness and verbal sharing of emotions, were related to the quality of life of children with asthma. Moreover, one personality trait, benevolence, was associated with children’s quality of life. Regression analyses showed that the predictive value of these three dimensions remained significant over and above asthma control and socio-demographic variables frequently associated with the quality of life of children with asthma (age, gender, and educational level of parents).Conclusions
These findings emphasize the importance of alerting the clinician who works with children with asthma to observe and assess the child’s expression of emotions, attention to bodily sensations, and benevolence. 相似文献18.
Hiam Chemaitelly Caroline Kanaan Hind Beydoun Monique Chaaya Mona Kanaan Abla M. Sibai 《Quality of life research》2013,22(6):1371-1379
Purpose
To examine gender variations in the association of self-rated health (SRH) with social capital, social support, and economic security among older adults from three deprived communities in the suburbs of metropolitan Beirut.Methods
A population-based cross-sectional study using the Older Adult Component of the Urban Health Survey. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 328 older men and 412 older women aged 60 years and above. SRH was assessed by a single question and treated as a dichotomous outcome, and several indicators of social capital, social support, and economic security were examined as independent variables.Results
Women were significantly more likely to report poor SRH compared to men (37.2 vs. 25.9 %, respectively). Better social capital indicators decreased significantly the odds of poor SRH among both men (OR = 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.65–0.89) and women (OR = 0.71, 95 % CI: 0.62–0.82). Social support was strongly associated with SRH among women (OR = 0.56), but not among men (OR = 0.94). The reverse situation was observed for economic security (OR = 0.57 among men, OR = 0.80 among women).Conclusions
In these deprived neighborhoods, social and economic factors may have gender-specific effects on the promotion of well-being among older adults, with social support being more salient to women’s SRH and economic security being more salient to men’s SRH. In health studies among older people, SRH captures not only social and physical health but also broader economic well-being. 相似文献19.
Background
Foods with low glycaemic index (LGI) are reported to suppress appetite mainly in overweight population but have not been investigated in athletic adults.Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the short-term effects of LGI and high GI (HGI) meals over a day on subsequent subjective appetite sensation, energy intake, energy expenditure, energy balance and resting metabolic rate in physically active males.Methods
This cross-sectional randomized crossover study included 14 active males (mean ± SD; age 34.5 ± 8.9 years, body mass index 22.8 ± 2.1 kg m?2) to consume LGI and HGI meals on two separate days. On each trial day, participants consumed a breakfast in the laboratory and then left with a packed lunch, dinner and snacks. Appetite scores, energy intake and expenditure were assessed.Results
The area under the curve for appetite scores of the HGI trial was significantly smaller than that of the LGI trial during the laboratory period (p = 0.027) and throughout the day (p = 0.009). No significant differences in energy intake, energy expenditure, energy balance and resting metabolic rate were found between groups, between the trial days and between the corresponding post-trial days.Conclusions
These results show that frequent ingestion of the HGI meals, contrary to the previous reports, suppresses appetite more than that of LGI meals, but did not affect energy balance in physically active normal-weight males. 相似文献20.
Marlon P. Mundt Larissa I. Zakletskaia 《Applied health economics and health policy》2014,12(2):191-201