槲皮素单硫酸酯钠盐对凝血酶诱导的猪血小板聚集的抑制作用

目的:研究槲皮素单硫酸酯钠盐(SQMS)对凝血酶诱导的猪血小板聚集的抑制作用。方法:用比浊法测定血小板聚集。Fura 2-AM荧光法检测胞浆游离钙浓度([Ca~(2 )]_i)。用组蛋白ⅢS,[γ-~(32)P]ATP与蛋白激酶C(protein kinase C,PKC)酶液一起温育的方法测定PKC的活性。用SDS-PAGE分离骨架蛋白。结果:SQMS对凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集有抑制作用。SQMS抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板胞外钙内流和胞内钙释放;SQMS也降低静息血小板[Ca~(2 )]_i。SQMS抑制血小板胞浆PKC的活性,但不影响胞膜PKC。SQMS对凝血酶诱导的血小板肌动蛋白聚合有强的抑制作用。结论:SQMS对凝血酶诱导的猪血小板聚集有抑制作用,其分子作用机制可能与其抑制血小板外钙内流,内钙释放,PKC的活性,和肌动蛋白聚合有关。     

槲皮素-7,4’-二硫酸酯对凝血酶诱导猪血小板聚集的抑制作用及其机制(英文)

目的:研究人工半合成槲皮素—槲皮素-7,4′-二硫酸酯二钠(disodium quercetin-7,4′-disulfate,DQD)对凝血酶(500 U·L~(-1))诱导猪血小板聚集的抑制作用及其机制。方法:用比浊法测定血小板聚集。Fura 2-AM荧光法检测胞浆游离钙浓度([Ca~(2 )]_i)。用组蛋白ⅢS,[γ-~(32)P]ATP与蛋白激酶C(PKC)酶液一起保温的方法测定Ca~(2 )/PL依赖的PKC活性。用SDS-PAGE分离骨架蛋白。结果:DQD对凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集有抑制作用,当DQD的浓度为100,200和400μmol/L时,抑制率分别为77％、86％和82％。DQD(10-80μmol/L)抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板胞外钙内流;DQD对凝血酶诱导的血小板胞内钙动员也有抑制作用。DQD(10-160μmol/L)抑制血小板胞浆Ca~(2 )/PL依赖的PKC,但DQD不影响胞膜PKC。DQD(20-200μmol/L)对凝血酶诱导的血小板肌动蛋白聚合有较强的抑制作用。结论:DQD对凝血酶诱导的猪血小板聚集有抑制作用,其分子作用机制是由于抑制血小板外钙内流、内钙动员、Ca~(2 )/PL依赖的PKC和肌动蛋白聚合。 血小板;;黄酮类;;槲皮素;;血小板聚集;;钙;;蛋白激酶C;;肌动蛋白类     

海兰地嗪对血小板聚集的影响及机理探讨

海兰地嗪(Her)体外对胶原,ADP,A23187和AA诱导的大鼠血小板聚集有明显抑制作用,其IC_(50)分别为14.5,41.6,44.1和48.3μg/ml。Her对AA诱导的大鼠血小板MDA生成不能抑制,但能升高兔血小板cAMP水平和抑制凝血酶诱导的人血小板胞浆内游离钙离子浓度升高。Her的抗血小板聚集作用机理可能与升高血小板内cAMP水平和抑制细胞内游离钙离子浓度升高有关。     

异钩藤碱体外对家兔血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙离子浓度的影响

目的研究异钩藤碱对血小板内游离钙离子浓度([Ca2+]i)的影响,以探讨其抗血小板聚集作用的可能机制。方法比浊法测定家兔血小板聚集功能;双波长Fura-2荧光法测定血小板胞浆[Ca2+]i。结果异钩藤碱0.33~1.30mmol.L-1体外给药对ADP和凝血酶引起的血小板聚集有浓度依赖性的抑制作用。存在细胞外钙时,异钩藤碱对基础状态血小板的[Ca2+]i和ADP及凝血酶诱导的[Ca2+]i水平有浓度依赖性的降低作用,而无细胞外钙存在时,则均无明显影响,表明其可抑制血小板的外钙内流,对内钙释放无明显抑制作用。结论异钩藤碱可抑制血小板聚集,其作用机制可能与其抑制血小板胞浆[Ca2+]升高有关。     

内皮细胞衍生的一氧化氮抑制凝血酶激活的兔血小板Na~ /H~ 交换(英文)

目的:探讨内皮细胞衍生的NO对凝血酶激活的血小板内Na~ /H~ 交换的影响,方法:荧光双波长比值法,结果:内皮细胞(0.1-1×10~9·L~(-1))数量依赖地抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集,硝基精氨酸1 mmol·L~(-1)可取消这种作用,用依他酸及ionomycin耗竭细胞内钙池,凝血酶诱导的血小板胞浆碱化被取消,重新充填细胞内钙池部分恢复,内皮细胞(2×10~8·L~(-1))显著抑制凝血酶诱导的兔血小板pH_i升高及内钙释放,结论:血管内皮细胞衍生的NO抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板活化是通过抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板内钙动员,继而抑制Na~ /H~ 交换的激活来介导的。     

哒嗪酮类药J-894对血小板激活时钙流动的影响

目的：探讨J－894对血小板功能的影响是否与钙有关。方法：用荧光钙离子指法剂观察J－894对血小板胞浆游离钙的影响。结果：J－894通过减少钙内流和释放明显抑制比凝血酶引起的血小板[Ca2 ]的升高,剂量与效应相关,J－894对钙内流的抑制比对钙释放的抑制作用强。结论：J－894抗血小板聚集可能主要是抑制钙内流。     

抑肽酶对猪血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙的影响

抑肽酶抑制凝血酶（０．２５Ｕ·ｍｌ＾－１）诱导的血小板聚集（ＩＣ５０＝２００ｋＩＵ·ｍｌ＾－１）。在ＥＧＴＡ１ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１或Ｃａ＾２＋０．５ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１，抑肽酶对凝血酶（０．１Ｕ·ｍｌ＾－１）诱导的胞浆游离钙浓度升高都有抑制作用（ＩＣ５０分别为１１７和５０ｋＩＵ·ｍｌ＾－１）。抑肽酶不影响细胞骨架蛋白。表明抑肽酶具有抑制血小板聚集的作用，可能与抑制钙有关。     

3,4′,5-三羟基芪-3-β-单-D-葡萄糖甙抑制凝血酶非依赖花生四烯酸途径诱导兔血小板聚集作用及机理

3,4’,5-三羟基芪-3-β-单-D-葡萄糖甙(PD)0.33,0.56,0.95,1.63,2.79mmol·L~1能显著抑制2.3mmol·L~1·s~1凝血酶诱导的家兔洗涤血小板聚集,呈良好的量效关系,PD对1 min和最大血小板聚集抑制率IC_(50)分别为0.57和1.16 mmol·L~1,并能使血小板聚集延迟相延长,血小板聚集速度减慢,PD0.33～1.63mmol·L~1对血小板聚集时TXA_2释放无明显影响,仅在浓度为2.79mmol·L~1时,才明显减少TXA_2释放,PD的作用与阿司匹林不完全相同.这可能与它们的作用机理不同有关,本文还观察了PD0.33 mmol·L~1有抑制凝血酶诱导兔血小板胞浆游离钙离子浓度升高的作用。     

槲皮素在试管内对血小板功能和膜脂质流动性的影响

本文报道槲皮素对血小板聚集释放反应以及膜脂质流动性的影响。槲皮素浓度为300μmol时对PAF诱导和600μmol时对凝血酶诱导的大鼠血小板聚集几乎完全抑制;也明显地抑制ADP诱导的大鼠血小板聚集及凝血酶诱导的兔血小板~3H-5 HT释放;在槲皮素浓度为30μmol时,即明显降低血小板膜脂质流动性。     

Inhibitory effect and mechanism of Danqi tablets on animal platelet aggregation

目的 研究丹七片对家兔和大鼠血小板聚集的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法 以阿魏酸钠为阳性对照,采用比浊法测定丹七片对凝血酶和胶原诱导的血小板聚集的影响,采用酶联免疫法测定丹七片对凝血酶作用下的血小板内环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)含量的影响.结果 丹七片可明显抑制由凝血酶和胶原诱导的血小板聚集;丹七片可升高凝血霉作用下的血小板内cAMP含量.结论 丹七片抑制由凝血酶和胶原诱导的血小板聚集的作用机制与升高血小板内cAMP的含量有关.     

Adenosine inhibits the rise in intracellular calcium and platelet aggregation produced by thrombin: evidence that both effects are coupled to adenylate cyclase

Platelet aggregation and secretion are associated with a rise in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). Adenosine has been postulated as an endogenous inhibitor of platelet aggregation. The antiaggregatory effects of adenosine are related to activation of adenylate cyclase. We studied the effect of adenosine on the rise in [Ca2+]i and platelet aggregation produced by thrombin. Human platelets were obtained from dextrose/citrate-treated plasma. [Ca2+]i was determined by fluorescence-dye techniques (fura-2). Adenosine inhibited the slope of the first phase of aggregation and the rise in [Ca2+]i produced by thrombin, in a dose-dependent manner. The dose that produced 50% inhibition of both aggregation and the rise in [Ca2+]i was approximately 500 nM. The effects of adenosine on [Ca2+]i were shared by its stable analogs, 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine being approximately 10-fold more potent than (-)N6-phenylisopropyladenosine, suggesting that these effects were mediated through adenosine A2 receptors. Furthermore, caffeine antagonized the inhibitory effects of adenosine on platelet aggregation and [Ca2+]i. The effects of adenosine on [Ca2+]i appear to be mediated through a rise in intracellular cAMP, because they were prevented by the adenylate cyclase inhibitor 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine (1 mM) and were potentiated by phosphodiesterase inhibition with papaverine (1 microM). Adenosine also inhibits the rise in [Ca2+]i produced by thrombin in a calcium-free medium, suggesting that adenosine inhibits both calcium influx and the release of calcium from intracellular stores.     

Inhibitory effect of disodium quercetin-7,4'-disulfate on aggregation of pig platelets induced by thrombin and its mechanism

AIM: To study the inhibitory effect of semi-synthesized quercetin derivatives--disodium quercetin-7,4'-disulfate (DQD) on the platelet aggregation induced by thrombin and its mechanism. METHODS: Platelet aggregation was analysed by turbidimetry. Cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was determined by Fura-2 fluorescence technique. Activity of Ca2+/PL dependent protein kinase C (PKC) was assayed by incubating PKC with histone III S and [gamma-32P]ATP. The cytoskeletal proteins were precipitated by Triton and separated by SDS-PAGE. RESULTS: DQD inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by thrombin (500 U/L), when DQD concentrations were 100, 200, and 400 mumol/L, the inhibition rates were 77%, 86%, and 82% respectively. DQD inhibited Ca2+ influx in platelets induced by thrombin (500 U/L) in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ 1 mmol/L in a concentration-dependent manner (10-80 mumol/L); DQD also had inhibitory effect on intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. DQD (10-160 mumol/L) inhibited the cytosolic Ca2+/PL dependent PKC from platelets in a concentration-dependent manner, but had no effect on membrane PKC. DQD (20-200 mumol/L) inhibited the actin polymerization induced by thrombin (500 U/L) in platelets in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: DQD inhibited pig platelet aggregation induced by thrombin and its molecular mechanism was due to its inhibition of Ca2+ influx, intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, Ca2+/PL dependent PKC activity, and actin polymerization.     

槲皮素单硫酸酯钠盐对凝血酶诱导的猪血小板聚集的抑制作用

研究槲皮素单硫酸酯钠盐对凝血酶诱导的猪血小板聚集的抑制作用。方法：用比浊法测定血小板聚集,Ｆｕｒａ ２－ＡＭ荧光法检测胞浆游离钙浓度（「Ｃａ＾２＋）ｉ」。用组蛋白ⅢＳ,「γ＾３２Ｐ」ＡＴＰ与蛋白激酶Ｃ酶液一起温育的方法测定ＰＫＣ的活性。用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分离骨架蛋白。     

丹酚酸B镁盐对兔洗涤血小板聚集和5-HT释放反应的影响(英文)

AIM: To study the effects and mechanism of magnesium lithospermate B(MLB) on rabbit platelet aggregation and 5-HT release. METHODS: The platelet aggregation was determined by Born's method. Release of serotonin (5-HT) and formation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) were measured by fluorophotometry and radioimmunoassay (RIA) respectively. Cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in platelets was measured by Fura 2-AM fluorescence technique. RESULTS: In washed platelets, thrombin (200 U/L) or arachidonic acid (AA) (30 mumol/L)-induced aggregation was inhibited by MLB 50-800 mg/L in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, MLB had more inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation in the absence of extracellular calcium with IC50 of 102 mg/L than in the presence of CaCl2 1 mmol/L with IC50 of 194 mg/L. MLB concentration-dependently decreased the thrombin-activated release of 5-HT, whereas it did not affect the formation of TXA2 in platelets. Furthermore, MLB not only inhibited the rise of [Ca2+]i in thrombin stimulated platelets, but decreased the [Ca2+]i in resting platelets. CONCLUSION: MLB inhibited the aggregation and 5-HT release in rabbit platelets and it is probably by attenuating intracellular calcium concentration.     

Antiplatelet activity of green tea catechins is mediated by inhibition of cytoplasmic calcium increase.

We have previously reported that green tea catechins (GTC) display a potent antithrombotic activity, which might be due to antiplatelet rather than anticoagulation effects. In the current study, we investigated the antiplatelet mechanism of GTC. We tested the effects of GTC on the aggregation of human platelets and on the binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated fibrinogen to human platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa. GTC inhibited the collagen-, thrombin-, adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, and calcium ionophore A23187-induced aggregation of washed human platelets, with 50% inhibitory concentration values of 0.64, 0.52, 0.63, and 0.45 mg/ml, respectively. GTC significantly inhibited fibrinogen binding to human platelet surface GPIIb/IIIa complex but failed to inhibit binding to purified GPIIb/IIIa complex. These results indicate that the antiplatelet activity of GTC may be due to inhibition of an intracellular pathway preceding GPIIb/IIIa complex exposure. We also investigated the effects of GTC on intracellular calcium levels, which are critical in determining the activation status of platelets and on induction of platelet aggregation by thapsigargin, which is a selective inhibitor of the Ca(2+)-ATPase pump. Pretreatment of human platelets with GTC significantly inhibited the rise in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration induced by thrombin treatment, and GTC significantly inhibited the thapsigargin-induced platelet aggregation. We also examined the effect of GTC on the second messenger, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP(3)). GTC significantly inhibited the phosphoinositide breakdown induced by thrombin. Taken together, these observations suggest that the antiplatelet activity of GTC is be mediated by inhibition of cytoplasmic calcium increase, which leads to the inhibition of fibrinogen-GPIIb/IIIa binding via the activation of Ca(2+)-ATPase and inhibition of IP(3) formation.     

Inhibition of rabbit platelet aggregation by nucleoside 5'-alkylphosphates: correlation with inhibition of agonist-induced calcium influx

We investigated the effects of uridine 5'-alkylphosphates on agonist-induced aggregation, increased intracellular calcium concentration [Ca(2+)](i), and Ca(2+) (Mn(2+)) influx in washed rabbit platelets. Uridine 5'-hexadecylphosphate (UMPC16) and uridine 5'-eicosylphosphate (UMPC20) at a concentration of 1 x 10(-5) M inhibited platelet aggregation induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF), thrombin, arachidonic acid, and ADP. UMPC16 did not cause significant interference in the binding of [(3)H-acetyl]PAF to platelets. The inhibition of PAF-induced platelet aggregation by UMPC16 was dependent upon the addition time; UMPC16 was ineffective at 60 sec when the extracellular calcium uptake reached the maximum level in PAF-stimulated platelets. Furthermore, UMPC16 inhibited guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate)-induced platelet aggregation but did not affect ionophore A23187- and calcium-independent agonist phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced platelet aggregation. UMPC16 markedly inhibited the Ca(2+) (Mn(2+)) influx induced by PAF and ADP, and partly inhibited the [Ca(2+)](i) increase induced by the receptor-mediated stimulation. On the other hand, UMPC16 did not affect the [Ca(2+)](i) increase and Ca(2+) (Mn(2+)) influx induced by ionomycin. These experiments suggest that inhibition of calcium influx associated with receptor-mediated platelet activation may be involved in the action of UMPC16.     

金雀异黄素对猪血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙的影响

AIM: To study the effects of genistein on aggregation and cytosolic free calcium concentration in platelets. METHODS: Using turbidimetry to analyse aggregation and using Fura-2 fluorescence technique to determine Ca2+ level. RESULTS: Genistein strongly inhibited the pig platelet aggregation induced by thrombin (250 U.L-1). When genistein concentrations were 5 and 20 mumol.L-1, the inhibition rates on the aggregation were 52% and 73%, respectively. Genistein inhibited the rise of cytosolic free calcium concentration in platelets stimulated by thrombin (500 U.L-1) in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ 1 mmol.L-1. When genistein concentrations were 10, 20, 40, and 80 mumol.L-1, the inhibition rates were 24%, 40%, 63%, and 65%, respectively, but no effect on thrombin-induced internal Ca2+ release from dense tubular system. CONCLUSION: Genistein is a potential anti-platelet agent, mainly due to an inhibition of Ca2+ influx.     

Antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of CP201, a newly synthesized 1,4-naphthoquinone derivative

The antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of a newly synthesized CP201, 2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl)-3-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone on human platelet aggregation in vitro and murine pulmonary thrombosis in vivo were examined. In addition, the antiplatelet activity of CP201 involved in calcium-signaling cascade was also investigated. CP201 showed concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation induced by collagen and thrombin, with IC50 values of 4.1+/-0.3 and 4.6+/-0.4 microM, respectively. Orally administered CP201 protected mice against the collagen plus epinephrine-induced thromboembolic death in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, CP201 did not alter such coagulation parameters as activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT) in human plasma in vitro. These results suggest that the antithrombotic activity of CP201 may be due to antiplatelet rather than anticoagulation activity. CP201 potently inhibited platelet aggregation challenged by calcium ionophore A23187 and thapsigargin, which is a selective inhibitor of the Ca(2+)-ATPase pump, in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that CP201 may have an inhibitory effect on calcium-signaling cascade. This was supported by measuring [Ca2+]i in platelets loaded with fura-3AM, where CP201 inhibited the rise in cytosolic Ca2+ mediated by thrombin. Taken together, these results suggest that CP201 may be a promising antithrombotic agent, and the antithrombotic effect of CP201 may be due to antiplatelet activity, which was mediated, at least partly, by the inhibition of cytosolic calcium mobilization.     

Effects of dilazep on cytoplasmic calcium ion concentrations and arachidonic acid metabolism in activated human platelets

The effects of dilazep (tetrahydro-1H-1,4-diazepine-1,4(5H)-dipropanol bis(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate)-di-hydrochloride monohydrate, Comelian), a coronary and cerebral vasodilator and an antiplatelet drug, on the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in activated human platelets were investigated. [Ca2+]i (free calcium ion concentration) of aequorin-loaded platelets was estimated by using the platelet ionized calcium aggregometer. AA metabolism was studied by the determination of AA metabolites, hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. When platelets were preincubated with dilazep (0-0.5 mmol/l), the drug inhibited both platelet aggregation and [Ca2+]i elevation induced by thrombin, AA and collagen in a concentration dependent manner, while only aggregation was inhibited after stimulation with the Ca ionophore A23187 (calcimycin). Both influx and release of Ca2+ into platelet cytoplasm induced by thrombin or AA were inhibited by dilazep, while neither of them was affected when induced by A23187. Oral ingestion of dilazep as a 100-mg capsule significantly depressed the [Ca2+]i elevation induced by thrombin, AA and collagen after 3 h. Dilazep inhibited endogenous AA metabolism by platelets induced by thrombin, although it enhanced exogenous one. Thus, dilazep inhibited platelet aggregation induced by any agonists including A23187, while [Ca2+]i elevation was inhibited by the drug only when the receptor-mediated agonist was used. Furthermore, it is suggested that dilazep inhibited AA liberation from platelet membrane phospholipids, leading to reduced production of all endogenous AA metabolites after platelet activation although metabolites of exogenous AA could be increased.