Survivin Caspase-3 mRNA在肾母细胞瘤中的表达及意义

目的：在大多数肿瘤组织中都发现了Survivin异常高表达现象,它直接抑制Caspase-3,这说明Survivin在肿瘤发生中具有重要作用。本文的目的在于探讨Survivin、Caspase-3表达与肾母细胞瘤发生发展的关系。方法：应用RT-PCR技术检测Survivin、Caspase-3 mRNA在48例肾母细胞瘤、24例癌旁组织标本中的表达。结果：48例肾母细胞瘤组织中Survivin阳性表达率为 72.9%(35/48),在24例肾母细胞瘤癌旁组织中未检测到Survivin的表达,肾母细胞瘤组织与癌旁组织之间Survivin表达阳性率差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);48例肾母细胞瘤组织中Caspase-3阳性表达率为 8.3%(4/48),在24例肾母细胞瘤癌旁组织中Caspase-3阳性表达率为 45.8%(11/24),肾母细胞瘤组织与癌旁组织之间Caspase-3表达阳性率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论：Survivin在肾母细胞瘤组织中高度表达和Caspase-3在肾母细胞瘤中低表达可能与肾母细胞瘤的发生发展有关,与预后的关系有待进一步的探讨。［中国当代儿科杂志,2004, 6(5): 381-384]     

干扰素-γ受体在神经母细胞瘤组织中的表达及与预后关系的研究

目的 检测干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)受体在小儿神经母细胞瘤组织中的表达并探讨其与患儿预后的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学法检测小儿神经母细胞瘤组织IFN-γ受体蛋白表达,采用RT-PCR法检测IFN-γ受体与干扰素-γ(IFN-γ) mRNA表达;分析IFN-γ受体与患儿INSS分期、Shimada分型及生存率的关系,并对IFN-γ受体与IFN-γ mRNA表达进行相关性分析.结果 IFN-γ受体在INSS分期无转移组(n=14,71.4％)与Shimada分型组织结构良好组(n=15,73.3oo)的表达分别较转移组(n=20,35.0％)与组织结构不良组(n=19,31.6％)高(P＜0.05);IFN-γ受体蛋白高表达患儿生存率(50.0％)较低表达患儿(22.2％)高(P＜0.05);IFN γ受体与IFN-γ mRNA表达呈正相关(r=0.854,P＜0.05).结论 IFN-γ受体的高表达提示了神经母细胞瘤的低转移与组织结构的良好分型及患儿的高生存率,可能会成为评估神经母细胞瘤患儿转移与预后情况的重要指标;其在神经母细胞瘤发病过程中的作用可能与IFN-γ有关.     

Survivin与Caspase-3在肝母细胞瘤中的表达及意义

目的 观察细胞凋亡抑制蛋白Survivin和细胞凋亡蛋白酶Caspase-3在肝母细胞瘤(hepatoblastoma,HB)中的表达情况,探讨其相互关系及临床意义.方法 运用免疫组织化学S-P法检测20例HB、9例瘤旁组织、4例正常儿童和8例正常成人肝组织中Survivin和Caspase-3的表达,并对其结果进行研究.结果 Survivin在正常儿童、瘤旁组织和HB中阳性表达率分别为25.0%、33.3%和100%,成人肝组织中基本未见表达.Survivin在HB组织中的表达显著高于瘤旁及正常肝组织,但Survivin在正常儿童和正常成人肝组织中的表达无统计学差异.Caspase-3在正常成人肝组织、正常儿童肝组织、瘤旁组织和HB中阳性表达率分别为87.5%、0、55.6%和80%,Caspase-3在正常成人肝组织与HB组织中的表达显著高于正常儿童肝组织.Survivin和Caspase-3在HB组织中的表达无相关性.Survivin与Caspase表达构成比与患儿的年龄有相关性:63.6%的HB病例,其Survivin与Caspase-3的表达强度基本一致,均呈高表达状态,且本组患儿年龄的中位数值较高;仅36.4%病例的Survivin呈强表达而Caspase-3弱表达或不表达,本组患儿年龄的中位数值较小.结论 在HB中,Survivin的高表达与HB的发生发展关系密切.正常儿童与正常成人的肝组织中,其Caspase-3表达有显著性差别.Survivin与Caspase-3在HB中的表达率缺乏相关性.在HB的不同的年龄组中,Survivin与Caspase-3存在不同的表达关系,说明它们间可能存在不同的相互作用机制.     

RECK及MMP-14蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中的表达及与肿瘤转移关系的研究

目的 检测RECK蛋白及膜型基质金属蛋白酶MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤中的表达,探讨其在神经母细胞瘤的发生、发展、浸润和转移中的作用.方法 选择临床及病理资料齐全的存档神经母细胞瘤蜡块标本36例,另取节细胞神经瘤蜡块标本10例作对照.采用第二代通用型二步法监测系统(PV-6000)免疫组织化学方法 检测RECK及MMP-14蛋白的表达.结果 RECK蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中低表达(16.7%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而降低(P=0.015<0.05).MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤组织中高表达(58.3%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而增高(P=0.002<0.05).神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK与MMP-14蛋白的表达呈负相关(r=-0.418,P<0.05).结论 神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK低表达,而MMP-14高表达.RECK及MMP-14可能成为评估神经母细胞瘤发生浸润转移的重要指标.     

RECK及MMP-14蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中的表达及与肿瘤转移关系的研究

目的 检测RECK蛋白及膜型基质金属蛋白酶MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤中的表达,探讨其在神经母细胞瘤的发生、发展、浸润和转移中的作用.方法 选择临床及病理资料齐全的存档神经母细胞瘤蜡块标本36例,另取节细胞神经瘤蜡块标本10例作对照.采用第二代通用型二步法监测系统(PV-6000)免疫组织化学方法 检测RECK及MMP-14蛋白的表达.结果 RECK蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中低表达(16.7%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而降低(P=0.015<0.05).MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤组织中高表达(58.3%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而增高(P=0.002<0.05).神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK与MMP-14蛋白的表达呈负相关(r=-0.418,P<0.05).结论 神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK低表达,而MMP-14高表达.RECK及MMP-14可能成为评估神经母细胞瘤发生浸润转移的重要指标.     

RECK及MMP-14蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中的表达及与肿瘤转移关系的研究

目的 检测RECK蛋白及膜型基质金属蛋白酶MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤中的表达,探讨其在神经母细胞瘤的发生、发展、浸润和转移中的作用.方法 选择临床及病理资料齐全的存档神经母细胞瘤蜡块标本36例,另取节细胞神经瘤蜡块标本10例作对照.采用第二代通用型二步法监测系统(PV-6000)免疫组织化学方法 检测RECK及MMP-14蛋白的表达.结果 RECK蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中低表达(16.7%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而降低(P=0.015<0.05).MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤组织中高表达(58.3%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而增高(P=0.002<0.05).神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK与MMP-14蛋白的表达呈负相关(r=-0.418,P<0.05).结论 神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK低表达,而MMP-14高表达.RECK及MMP-14可能成为评估神经母细胞瘤发生浸润转移的重要指标.     

RECK及MMP-14蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中的表达及与肿瘤转移关系的研究

目的 检测RECK蛋白及膜型基质金属蛋白酶MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤中的表达,探讨其在神经母细胞瘤的发生、发展、浸润和转移中的作用.方法 选择临床及病理资料齐全的存档神经母细胞瘤蜡块标本36例,另取节细胞神经瘤蜡块标本10例作对照.采用第二代通用型二步法监测系统(PV-6000)免疫组织化学方法 检测RECK及MMP-14蛋白的表达.结果 RECK蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中低表达(16.7%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而降低(P=0.015<0.05).MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤组织中高表达(58.3%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而增高(P=0.002<0.05).神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK与MMP-14蛋白的表达呈负相关(r=-0.418,P<0.05).结论 神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK低表达,而MMP-14高表达.RECK及MMP-14可能成为评估神经母细胞瘤发生浸润转移的重要指标.     

RECK及MMP-14蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中的表达及与肿瘤转移关系的研究

目的 检测RECK蛋白及膜型基质金属蛋白酶MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤中的表达,探讨其在神经母细胞瘤的发生、发展、浸润和转移中的作用.方法 选择临床及病理资料齐全的存档神经母细胞瘤蜡块标本36例,另取节细胞神经瘤蜡块标本10例作对照.采用第二代通用型二步法监测系统(PV-6000)免疫组织化学方法 检测RECK及MMP-14蛋白的表达.结果 RECK蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中低表达(16.7%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而降低(P=0.015<0.05).MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤组织中高表达(58.3%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而增高(P=0.002<0.05).神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK与MMP-14蛋白的表达呈负相关(r=-0.418,P<0.05).结论 神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK低表达,而MMP-14高表达.RECK及MMP-14可能成为评估神经母细胞瘤发生浸润转移的重要指标.     

RECK及MMP-14蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中的表达及与肿瘤转移关系的研究

目的 检测RECK蛋白及膜型基质金属蛋白酶MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤中的表达,探讨其在神经母细胞瘤的发生、发展、浸润和转移中的作用.方法 选择临床及病理资料齐全的存档神经母细胞瘤蜡块标本36例,另取节细胞神经瘤蜡块标本10例作对照.采用第二代通用型二步法监测系统(PV-6000)免疫组织化学方法 检测RECK及MMP-14蛋白的表达.结果 RECK蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中低表达(16.7%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而降低(P=0.015<0.05).MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤组织中高表达(58.3%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而增高(P=0.002<0.05).神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK与MMP-14蛋白的表达呈负相关(r=-0.418,P<0.05).结论 神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK低表达,而MMP-14高表达.RECK及MMP-14可能成为评估神经母细胞瘤发生浸润转移的重要指标.     

RECK及MMP-14蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中的表达及与肿瘤转移关系的研究

目的 检测RECK蛋白及膜型基质金属蛋白酶MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤中的表达,探讨其在神经母细胞瘤的发生、发展、浸润和转移中的作用.方法 选择临床及病理资料齐全的存档神经母细胞瘤蜡块标本36例,另取节细胞神经瘤蜡块标本10例作对照.采用第二代通用型二步法监测系统(PV-6000)免疫组织化学方法 检测RECK及MMP-14蛋白的表达.结果 RECK蛋白在神经母细胞瘤组织中低表达(16.7%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而降低(P=0.015<0.05).MMP-14在神经母细胞瘤组织中高表达(58.3%),并随肿瘤浸润深度的加深、远处转移的发生而增高(P=0.002<0.05).神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK与MMP-14蛋白的表达呈负相关(r=-0.418,P<0.05).结论 神经母细胞瘤组织中RECK低表达,而MMP-14高表达.RECK及MMP-14可能成为评估神经母细胞瘤发生浸润转移的重要指标.     

Allergic factors associated with the development of asthma and the influence of cetirizine in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial: First results of ETA®

There is a common progression known as the allergic march from atopic dermatitis to allergic asthma. Cetirizine has several antiallergic properties that suggest a potential effect on the development of airway inflammation and asthma in infants with atopic dermatitis. Methods. Over a two year period, 817 infants aged one to two years who suffered from atopic dermatitis and with a history of atopic disease in a parent or sibling were included in the ETAC^® (Early Treatment of the Atopic Child) trial, a multi-country, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. The infants were treated for 18 months with either cetirizine (0.25mg/ kg b.i.d.) or placebo. The number of infants who developed asthma was compared between the two groups. Clinical and biological assessments including analysis of total and specific IgE antibodies were performed. Results. In the placebo group, the relative risk (RR) for developing asthma was elevated in patients with a raised level of total IgE (≥ 30 kU/I) or specific IgE (≥ 0.35 kUA/I) for grass pollen, house dust mite or cat dander (RR between 1.4 and 1.7). Compared to placebo, cetirizine significantly reduced the incidence of asthma for patients sensitised to grass pollen (RR = 0.5) or to house dust mite (RR = 0.6). However, in the population that included all infants with normal and elevated total or specific IgE (intention-to-treat - ITT), there was no difference between the numbers of infants developing asthma while receiving cetirizine or placebo. The adverse events profile was similar in the two treatment groups. Discussion. Raised total IgE level and raised specific IgE levels to grass pollen, house dust mite or cat dander were predictive of subsequent asthma. Cetirizine halved the number of patients developing asthma in the subgroups sensitised to grass pollen or house dust mite (i.e. 20% of the study population). In view of the proven safety of the drug, we propose this treatment as a primary pharmacological intervention strategy to prevent the development of asthma in specifically sensitised infants with atopic dermatitis.     

Resurgence of measles in Singapore: profile of hospital cases

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the profile of cases of measles seen at a general hospital during a recent outbreak that occurred despite a measles vaccination program. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study from January 1991 to March 1998. All patients with measles (ICD code 055. 9) seen at the emergency unit or as inpatients were included. RESULTS: There were 87 cases identified. The diagnosis was clinical in all and proven serologically in 71%. Eighty-five per cent of the cases occurred between January 1997 and March 1998. There was a bi-modal age distribution with peaks in the very young (相似文献   

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孤独症谱系障碍(autistic-spectrum disorders,ASDs)近年来患病率逐年攀升至1%左右,其症状往往伴随终生,成为严重威胁儿童健康和发展的神经发育性疾患;注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)是儿童期最常见的精神障碍,国内报道患病率为4.13%～5.83%,其症状可延续至青少年期,甚至到成年期[1]。这两类精神障碍在成年期的临床表现、共患病、治疗策略和预后与儿童期有哪些不同呢?本文通过回顾相     

EXCITING NEW TREATMENT APPROACHES FOR PATHYPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS OF SICKLE CELL DISEASE

During the past several decades, our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of vasoocclusion associated with sickle cell disease has improved greatly. Interaction of genes, hemoglobin molecules, red cell membrane and metabolic changes, cell-cell interactions and cell-plasma interactions, red cell adhesion to vascular endothelium, activation of coagulation, and vascular reactivity play a role in vaso occlusion. Penicillin prophylaxis of pneumococcal infections and appropriate use of blood transfusions and other supportive measures improved survival of sickle cell patients. Hydroxyurea made a major impact on sickle cell therapy when it was shown to decrease acute painful episodes, acute chest syndrome, and the need for blood transfusion in adults. Significant experience in the use of hydroxyurea has been accumulated in older children. The benefits and risks of hydroxyurea for younger children and long-term risks in all patients will be evaluated in future investigations. Other promising therapies include butyrate compounds, clotrimazole, magnesium supplementation, poloxamer 188, antiadhesion agents, anticoagulant approaches, and nitric oxide. Hemopoietic transplantation remains the only curative therapy. However, several transgenic mouse models are available for studies of gene therapy or other treatment approaches on biochemical, cellular, and pathologic effects of mutant genes.     

Infiltrations of Epstein-Barr virus-carrying cells in granular lymphocyte-proliferative disorders corresponding to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection

A 21-year-old man with granular lymphocyte-proliferative disorders (GLPD) associated with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is described. Chromosomal analyses revealed several clonal abnormalities and two of them were mainly repetitious. High copy numbers of monoclonal EBV genome were also detected in the proliferative large granular lymphocytes (LGLs), indicating the monoclonal expansion of EBV-infected LGLs. The patient had an indolent course for several years, and there was no evidence of infiltrations of his bone marrow until the end stage. At autopsy, microscopic studies revealed marked infiltrations of LGL in the liver and spleen, and the infiltrating cells were NK-cell immunophenotype. The infiltrated LGLs showed latency I.     

LUTEINIZING HORMONE RECEPTOR MUTATIONS IN DISORDERS OF SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT AND CANCER

Human male sexual development is regulated by chorionic gonadotropin (CG) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Aberrant sexual development caused by both activating and inactivating mutations of the human luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) have been described. All known activating mutations of the LHR are missense mutations caused by single base substitution. The most common activating mutation is the replacement of Asp-578 by Gly due to the substitution of A by G at nucleotide position 1733. All activating mutations are present in exon 11 which encodes the transmembrane domain of the receptor. Constitutive activity of the LHR causes LH releasing hormone-independent precocious puberty in boys and the autosomal dominant disorder familial male-limited precocious puberty (FMPP). Both germline and somatic activating mutations of the LHR have been found in patients with testicular tumors. Activating mutations have no effect on females. The molecular genetics of the inactivating mutations of the LHR are more variable and include single base substitution, partial gene deletion, and insertion. These mutations are not localized and are present in both the extracellular and transmembrane domain of the receptor. Inactivation of the LHR gives rise to the autosomal recessive disorder Leydig cell hypoplasia (LCH) and male hypogonadism or male pseudohermaphroditism. Severity of the clinical phenotype in LCH patients correlates with the amount of residual activity of the mutated receptor. Females are less affected by inactivating mutation of the LHR. Symptoms caused by homozygous inactivating mutation of the LHR include polycystic ovaries and primary amenorrhea.     

A profile of respiratory symptoms in urban and rural South Australian school children

This report describes the cross-sectional analyses of data from the first year of a longitudinal study using questionnaire and respiratory function data over a 5 year period from a sample of rural South Australian school children. The cumulative or lifetime prevalences of respiratory symptoms were estimated in 825 rural and 1261 urban school children aged between 5 and 15 years in order to determine if the prevalence rates differed between rural and urban school children. The study found the overall cumulative prevalence of asthma and/or wheezy breathing (AWB) to be 24.1% in the rural school children compared to 27.6% in the urban school children. Most children developed AWB symptoms before the age of 7 years, with 20% reporting moderately severe symptoms and 10% having more than one attack per fortnight. The cumulative prevalence of bronchitis, loose/rattly cough (BLRC) differed significantly between the rural school children (34.1%) and urban school children (47.9%). The BLRC symptoms preceded the development of AWB in many cases. Urban school children also reported a higher prevalence of atopic conditions.     

Personality profiles and heart rate variability (vagal tone) in children with recurrent abdominal pain

The aim of the study was to explore psychological factors and autonomic activity in children with recurrent abdominal pain and to compare them with those in a control group of healthy children. The Personality Inventory for Children was used for assessment of developmental, emotional and psychosocial factors in 25 children with recurrent abdominal pain (age, 7-15 y). Parasympathetic and sympathetic functions in these children and in 23 healthy control subjects (age, 7-13 y) were also investigated, non-invasively using a computerized polygraph. Vagal tone (parasympathetic function) was indexed by calculation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in beats/min. Skin conductance (sympathetic function) was recorded by the constant current method. On the Personality Inventory for Children, 16 patients had high scores on somatic concern. Several patients had scores in the clinical range for depression, withdrawal and anxiety, but the mean scores for these personality profile scales were well within the normal range of healthy children. Interestingly, there was a spike on the L (Lie)-scale for most of the patients and 15 patients had scores above or close to the clinical cut-off value. As compared with the scores in healthy children, vagal tone and sympathetic tone were normal. Conclusion: Many children with recurrent abdominal pain have scores in the clinical range for depression, withdrawal, anxiety and L-scale indicating coping problems, denial and a trend towards somatic concern that may contribute to the evolution of abdominal pain. Autonomic nerve activity was not disturbed in these children.     

Hauttemperaturen verschiedener Körperoberflächenareale des Rumpfes bei Säuglingen

Summary In two groups of infants (3–53 weeks old) skin temperatures were controlled in different areas of the trunk—i.e.: regions of sternum, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys—at different room-temperatures (group I: 21–25°C; group II: 29–32°C). Rectal temperatures of some probands in both groups also had been controlled simultaneously. A definite change in the reaction to heat was proofed in different periods of the first year of life. In higher environmental temperatures the skin temperature was almost constant at every controll-point of the skin, even in older infants. In lower environmental temperatures the skin temperatures lowered continuously with age till 7. to 9. moth. From 10. to 12. month the lowering of skin temperature discontinued. The rectal temperatures were relatively constant in all infants. Only in infants from 7. to 12. month, whose skin temperatures were controlled in lower as well as in higher environmental temperatures, a tendency to higher rectal temperatures was proofed in warmer environmental temperatures.The significance of these results is discussed.

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Untersuchungen mit Unterstützung durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.