急诊肝动脉栓塞治疗原发性肝癌破裂出血

目的评价肝动脉栓塞（TAE）在原发性肝癌自发性破裂出血治疗中的作用。资料与方法采用Seldinger技术,使用碘化油、明胶海绵作为栓塞剂,对12例肝癌破裂出血患者行TAE。结果12例行TAE后出血均得到完全控制．所有病例均无复发出血及急性肝功能衰竭。1例术后10天获二期外科手术切除,11例定期再行1～4次肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）治疗,1年存活率为27．3％。结论TAE是原发性肝癌破裂急诊止血的安全、有效方法。     

动脉介入栓塞治疗肝癌破裂出血

目的分析原发性肝癌自发性破裂出血经动脉介入栓塞(TAE或TACE)治疗的效果。方法回顾性分析安徽省立医院2008年8月-2011年11月的11例采用急症介入栓塞治疗的原发性肝癌破裂出血患者的临床资料。结果 11例患者均得以成功止血,术后30 d生存10例(90.9%),术后3个月生存6例(54.5%),术后1年生存3例(27.2%)。结论 TAE(TACE)是治疗肝癌破裂出血的有效方法,不仅能达到立即止血,提高患者生存率的目的 ,还能为后续进一步治疗创造条件。     

急诊肝动脉栓塞治疗肝癌破裂出血

目的 探讨急诊肝动脉栓塞治疗肝癌破裂出血.方法 对23例肝癌破裂出血患者采用急诊肝动脉栓塞止血.结果 22例患者均得以有效止血;1例患者因供血血管发育走行异常,导管不能达靶血管,转入外科治疗.22例患者均无复发出血及急性肝功能衰竭,9例患者经栓塞术后,再根据病情行多次介入治疗,肿瘤均有不同程度的缩小和坏死.结论 急诊肝动脉栓塞是治疗肝癌破裂出血的有效方法,可达到立即止血的目的,同时可为肝癌后续血管内治疗提供途径.     

原发性肝癌自发性破裂出血的介入治疗

目的探讨介入治疗原发性肝癌自发性破裂的疗效。方法对3例原发性肝癌自发性破裂患者,采用肝动脉化疗栓塞术进行治疗,先行化疗灌注,再用明胶海绵颗粒及明胶海绵条进行栓塞。结果3例肝右叶巨块型肝癌破裂均一次性栓塞成功,其中1例加用超液化碘油已带瘤生存20个月。结论肝动脉化疗栓塞术急诊止血效果显著,可达到止血和治疗肿瘤的双重效果。     

原发性肝癌自发破裂出血DSA特征及急诊动脉栓塞治疗

目的 探讨原发性肝癌自发破裂出血的DSA特征及其急诊动脉栓塞治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析经B超、CT及腹腔穿刺证实14例原发性肝癌自发破裂病例,根据DSA造影显示的情况,行肝动脉或肝外寄生动脉急诊介入栓塞治疗,并观察其临床疗效.结果 14例肝癌破裂出血患者中,10例为真性出血,即造影时显示肿瘤灶周对比剂外渗,4例为隐匿性出血,即造影显示肿瘤轮廓周边血管缺损区,未见明显对比剂外渗征象,其中2例可见肝-膈分离的征象.巨块型肝癌12例,结节型仅2例.癌肿块普遍较大,直径为3～20 cm不等.11例癌肿呈局限性凸出于肝实质,边界尚光滑,肝包膜完整;2例癌肿局限于肝实质内;另1例显示为完全破裂至腹腔.14例肝癌血供均很丰富,其中4例均存在肝外寄生血管.5例门脉左支或右支存在癌栓,门脉主干尚通畅.12例患者经1次栓塞后均得到有效止血;1例患者经连续2次栓塞后才成功止血;另1例栓塞治疗后止血不满意,后行外科手术切除.13例采用介入栓塞成功止血的患者待病情稳定后再多次行介入栓塞治疗,肿瘤均有不同程度缩小和坏死,未见再次破裂出血,无住院死亡者.结论 肝癌自发破裂出血有其自身DSA特征,同时也存在一定假阴性(本组病例占40%),值得引起足够重视.急诊肝动脉栓塞是治疗原发性肝癌破裂出血的有效方法.     

超选择性节段性肾动脉栓塞治疗肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤破裂出血

目的探讨超选择性节段动脉栓塞治疗肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤破裂出血的临床价值。方法2001年1月-2008年1月,对16例肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤破裂出血患者(4例病理证实)采用3F微导管超选择性肾动脉插管行病变供血动脉栓塞,其中平阳霉素 碘油栓塞8例、无水乙醇-碘化油栓塞8例,2例合并动脉瘤患者加用微弹簧圈栓塞。结果16例患者进行了23次治疗,其中8例为急诊栓塞。术后16例肾功能均无变化,未发生严重并发症。随访4个月～5年,血肿完全吸收,肿瘤大小从术前平均596.5cm3缩小为68.4cm3。2例巨大肿瘤首次栓塞后3年再出血栓塞治疗后手术切除,其余病例未复发出血。结论超选择性动脉栓塞治疗肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤破裂出血是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

急诊介入栓塞联合腹腔灌洗治疗肝癌破裂出血28例

目的：评价急诊介入栓塞联合腹腔灌洗治疗原发性肝癌破裂出血的疗效、意义。方法：回顾性分析28例不能手术切除的原发性肝癌破裂出血患者的病例资料，采用Seldinger技术穿刺，使用明胶海绵、碘化油对所有肝癌破裂出血患者行肝动脉栓塞化疗，同时行腹腔灌洗。结果：26例原发性肝癌出血得到完全控制，血性腹膜炎症状均很快缓解。2例于介入栓塞后24-48h再出血，行急诊手术止血后存活。结论：急诊肝动脉介入栓塞联合腹腔灌洗治疗不能手术切除的原发性肝癌破裂出血疗效确切，创伤小，抢救手段安全、可靠。     

肝癌破裂出血三种治疗方法的对照研究

目的：研究肝细胞肝癌（hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)自发性破裂出血保守治疗,外科治疗与介入治疗的适应证,禁忌证及方法。方法：对29例HCC自发性破裂出血患者采用三种方法治疗。保守治疗组8例,外科治疗组6例,介入治疗组15例。结果：保守治疗组中1例24h内死于失血怀休克,2例第6天死于肝肾功能衰竭,5例分别生存16天,17天,23天,47天和52天。外科治疗组中2例行肝包膜下淀粉海绵大网膜填塞后1例出血未能彻底控制于次日死亡,1例第7天死于肝肾功能衰竭,另4例行肝动脉结扎术后1例于第9天死于肝功能衰竭,3例分别生存28天,31天和57天,介入治疗组行急诊肝动脉栓塞术（TAE）后出血均得到完全控制。除1例术后第5天死于严重肝肾功能衰竭外,其余14例生存期大于3个月,6个月和12个月者分别为14例,6例和3例,1例随访30个月仍存活。结论：3组中以介入治疗组最为价值,用多种栓塞剂行急诊TAE治疗可使HCC自发性破裂出血立即止血,其适应证宽,创伤小,是安全,可靠,可靠,简便的抢救手段。     

原发性肝癌自发破裂出血的急诊介入治疗

目的 探讨原发性肝癌破裂出血经肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗的疗效.方法 回顾性分析本院30例原发性肝癌自发破裂出血患者采用经皮肝动脉栓塞,其中19例同时行肝动脉化疗治疗的疗效.结果 30例肝癌破裂出血患者止血均成功,3例治疗后死于肝功能衰竭,其余27例治疗后无严重并发症,术后无复发出血.结论 经皮肝动脉栓塞是治疗肝癌破裂出血的有效方法,可达到立即止血的目的.     

急诊动脉介入栓塞术在交通伤救治中的应用

目的 研究急诊动脉介入栓塞术（TAE）在交通伤救治中的临床应用价值及运作方式。方法 采用Seldinger法急诊行TAE治疗交通伤所致脾破裂、肾破裂、肝破裂及颅底骨折鼻出血、肺挫伤气管出血、骨盆骨折等共57例，包括颈外动脉3例，颌内动脉2例，上颌动脉2例，髂内动脉11例，肝动脉10例，肝右动脉7例，脾动脉28例，胃左动脉1例，肾动脉7例，支气管动脉2例，会阴部动脉1例，腰椎动脉1例，右膈动脉1例。其中栓塞脏器或部位计单个44例，2个13例次，3个2例。结果 手术时间30min～2h，平均45min。导管造影诊断率为100％。一次栓塞成功52例，成功率为95％；经二次栓塞成功2例，失败1例，总成功率为98％。抢救生存52例，抢救成功率为91％。术后并发腹股沟血肿3例，发生率为5％。结论 急诊一体化模式实施TAE救治交通伤患者能明显缩短救治时间，提高救治成功率，具有临床应用价值。     

Spontaneous Rupture of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Supplied by the Right Renal Capsular Artery Treated by Transcatheter Arterial Embolization

We present a case of spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with poor liver function which was treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). The patient’s bilirubin value was 3.8 mg/dL. The tumor was fed by the right renal capsular artery according to selective arteriography. It was subsequently treated by TAE. With successful TAE, no hepatic failure was related to the treatment. We believe that if tumors are fed only by extrahepatic collateral vessels, TAE may be an effective treatment even in patients with poor liver function.     

Transcatheter arterial embolization for spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) was performed in 20 patients with ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Bleeding was improved in all patients, but only four survived for over three months. Rerupture occurred in seven patients (35%) and the prognosis was extremely poor. TAE should be considered the treatment of choice for ruptured HCC; however, long-term survival was limited to those patients without portal extension of HCC. The severity of rupture also influenced the prognosis.     

Hepatocellular carcinoma with blood supply from omental branches: treatment with transcatheter arterial embolization

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) through the omental branch in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with blood supply from the omental branch. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with HCC fed by the omental branch underwent TAE. All but one had previously undergone several therapies for HCC, including TAE. Three patients had intraperitoneal hemorrhage caused by ruptured HCC fed by the omental branch, and two necessitated emergency TAE. The technical success rate, therapeutic effect, and safety of TAE via the omental branch were evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty-six omental branches that fed HCC were observed angiographically. Attenuation or occlusion of the hepatic artery was observed in 80%. Nineteen omental branches (73%) could be successfully embolized. Hepatic hemostasis was achieved in all patients with ruptured HCC. Tumor recurred in 80% of patients who underwent successful TAE of the omental branch, and additional therapy was performed in six patients. Ten patients died after 2-26 months (mean, 8 mo). Five patients were alive for 3-13 months (mean, 7 mo). Severe complications were not observed in any patient. CONCLUSION: TAE of the omental branch is safe and has become technically feasible in almost all patients, but tumors frequently recur.     

肝细胞癌化疗栓塞方法和肿瘤坏死

目的 评价地细胞癌肿瘤坏死与经动脉化疗栓塞（ＴＡＣＥ０方法的关系。材料与方法 观察１１７例手术观察的肝细胞癌肿块坏死和增长率,其中单纯手术５８例,４种ＴＡＣＥ后Ⅱ期手术切除５９例。结果 肝细胞癌ＴＡＣＥ后环死较自发坏死严重、范围广（Ｐ〈０．０１）,坏死程度和愉体积变化与ＴＡＣＥ方法密切相关（多全塞较单材料栓塞、单纯化疗改变明显,Ｐ〈０．０１）,但与ＴＡＣＥ和手术切除间期无显著相关（Ｐ〉０．０５）,     

Embolization of spontaneous rupture of an aneurysm of the ovarian artery supplying the uterus with fibroids

We report a case of spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage caused by rupture of an aneurysm of the right ovarian artery in a 55-year-old woman. Diagnosis was achieved by computed tomography and arteriography. The ruptured aneurysm was treated by transcatheter arterial embolization using microcoils and gelatin sponge particles. This is the first case of rupture of an aneurysm of the ovarian artery not related to pregnancy, and the third case of embolization of a ruptured ovarian artery aneurysm in the literature. We illustrate the usefulness of embolization in treatment of an ovarian artery aneurysm without surgery.     

Rupture of a hepatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma

We describe a rare case of spontaneous rupture of a hepatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma that was treated successfully by hepatic arterial embolization. A 65-year-old woman, who had been undergoing immunotherapy for inoperably disseminated renal carcinoma and lung metastases, presented with severe abdominal pain in a state of hypovolemic shock. Computed tomography revealed a highly attenuated mass lesion in the right lobe of the liver and massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage. Subsequent hepatic angiography showed extravasation from the feeding right hepatic artery. Transcatheter embolization of the right hepatic artery was subsequently performed, and the patient made an uneventful recovery. Although hepatic rupture due to metastatic cancer is extremely rare, transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is an appropriate and useful treatment for massive hemorrhage caused by spontaneous rupture of liver metastasis.     

内乳动脉参与肝癌供血的介入治疗

目的探讨内乳动脉(IMA)对肝癌的供血及其介入栓塞在肝癌治疗中的价值。评价经导管作IMA栓塞化疗的安全性和效果。方法对86例经血管造影确认有IMA参与肝癌供血患者进行TACE。全部病例均曾行TACE治疗,16例曾行经皮微波固化治疗,4例有外科手术史。术前行CT或MRI平扫及增强扫描,术中行IMA造影,在确认供血范围后将导管超选择至供血支,先用碘油-抗癌乳剂栓塞肿瘤末梢血管,然后注入明胶海绵碎粒或PVA颗粒,并摄肝区平片,观察肝区碘油分布及术后临床经过、相关实验室检查和影像学表现,并与血管造影进行对照分析。结果本组病例病灶均为巨块型,均位于肝脏前部接近膈肌或(和)肝包膜。57例累及S4、S5、S8段,29例累及S5、S7、S8。80例为右侧IMA参与供血,5例为左侧IMA参与供血,1例为双侧IMA参与供血。86例参与供血的IMA栓塞全部成功。未出现皮肤损伤并发症。结论IMA参与肿瘤供血一般多见于过去曾多次行TACE的巨块型肝癌患者,且肿块位于肝前部。IMA TACE方法安全,技术可行,但应警惕皮肤损伤并发症。