腹腔镜肝癌切除术对患者炎症应激反应及microRNA-302水平的影响

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝癌切除术对患者炎症应激反应及microRNA-302（miR-302）水平的影响。方法 选取2018年2月—2021年3月天水市中西医结合医院接受治疗的106例肝癌患者，根据自愿原则分为腹腔镜组和开腹组，每组53例。开腹组接受开腹肝切除术，腹腔镜组接受腹腔镜肝癌切除术。比较两组围手术期相关指标（手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、住院时间）、炎症应激反应［白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-2（IL-2）、C反应蛋白（CRP）］、肝功能［谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、总胆红素（TBIL）、谷草转氨酶（AST）］miR-302表达水平。结果 腹腔镜组术中出血量较开腹组低，切口长度、住院时间较开腹组短，手术时间较开腹组长（P <0.05）。两组患者术前IL-2、IL-6、CRP水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。腹腔镜组术后IL-6、CRP较开腹组低，IL-2较开腹组高（P <0.05）。两组患者手术前ALT、AST、TBIL水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。腹腔镜组术后ALT、AST、TBIL水平较开腹组低（P <0.05）。两组患者术前miR-302相对表达量比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。腹腔镜组术后miR-302相对表达量较开腹组低（P <0.05）。结论 相比开腹肝切除术，腹腔镜肝癌切除术具有微创优势，可有效降低机体炎症应激反应水平，保留残余肝功能，一定程度降低miR-302水平。     

肝细胞癌患者脂代谢异常的特征、脂肪酸结合蛋白的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨肝细胞癌（HCC）患者脂代谢异常的特征、脂肪酸结合蛋白（L-FABP）表达情况及其临床意义。方法 选取2020年1月—2022年9月武汉市中西医结合医院确诊的60例肝细胞癌患者作为HCC组、60例肝硬化患者作为肝硬化组，选取同期来该院体检的60例健康者作为对照组。对比各组患者血清载脂蛋白A（ApoA）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、胆碱酯酶（CHE）、总胆红素（TBIL）、L-FABP表达变化，并按照Child-pugh分级标准将HCC组患者进行分层比较。结果 HCC组、肝硬化组患者的ApoA水平低于对照组（P <0.05），HCC组的ApoA、ApoB、ApoA/ApoB水平高于肝硬化组（P <0.05）；肝硬化组患者的ApoB、HDL-C水平均低于对照组和HCC组（P <0.05），肝硬化组的TG、TC、LDL-C水平均高于对照组和HCC组（P <0.05）。HCC组、肝硬化组ALT、AST、LDH、ALP、TBIL水平高于对照组（P <0.05），CHE低于对照组（P <0.05）；HCC组患者的TBIL值低于肝硬化组（P <0.05）。HCC组L-FABP阳性率高于肝硬化组、对照组（P <0.0125）；肝硬化组与对照组患者的L-FABP阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.0125）。肝功能Child-pugh分级C级患者ApoA、ApoA/ApoB、HDL-C低于A、B级患者（P <0.05），C级患者TG、LDL-C高于A、B级患者（P <0.05）。肝功能Child-pugh分级C级患者ALT、AST、LDH、TBIL高于A、B级患者（P <0.05），CHE低于A、B级患者（P <0.05）。肝功能Child-pugh分级C级患者L-FABP阳性率高于A、B级患者（P <0.05）。结论 HCC患者存在一定程度的脂代谢功能减弱、L-FABP表达增强的特征，且HCC与患者肝功能受损程度有一定的关系。     

母体血清ADAM12-S与总胆汁酸联合检测妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积患者的诊断价值

目的 探讨母体血清解整合素-金属蛋白酶12-S（ADAM12-S）、总胆汁酸（TBA）浓度检测对妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积（ICP）的诊断价值。方法 选取2017年1月—2019年1月威海市立第三医院收治的194例ICP患者（观察组）和同期200例正常妊娠孕妇（对照组）。检测两组血清ADAM12-S、TBA、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）,观察组间差异,绘制ROC曲线分析ADAM12-S、TBA、ADAM12-S+TBA联合诊断ICP的价值。结果 观察组患者血清ADAM12-S水平低于对照组（P <0.05）,TBA、ALT、AST水平高于对照组（P <0.05）;重度组患者血清ADAM12-S水平低于轻、中度组患者,血清ADAM12-S水平随着ICP病情程度的加重而降低（P <0.05）;重度组患者TBA、ALT、AST水平高于轻、中度组患者,TBA、ALT、AST水平随着ICP病情程度的加重而升高（P <0.05）。ADAM12-S与TBA（r =-0.351,P <0.05）、ALT（r =-0.309,P <0.05）、AST（r =-0.419,P <0.05）均呈负相关。ROC分析结果显示ADAM12-S、TBA及ADAM12-S+TBA联合诊断ICP的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.761、0.830及0.879。结论 ICP患者血清ADAM12-S水平降低,TBA水平升高,ADAM12-S和TBA水平与ICP病情密切相关,ADAM12-S+TBA联合检测对ICP具有较高诊断价值。     

自体血回输用于前列腺癌根治术的安全性及预后分析

目的 探讨自体血回输对前列腺癌根治术安全性及预后的影响。方法 回顾性分析2012年6月—2015年6月于天津市第一中心医院接受前列腺癌根治术的103例患者临床资料,将术中接受异体血回输的51例患者作为异体组,接受自体血回输的52例患者作为自体组。比较两组患者手术相关指标、免疫功能、血常规［红细胞（RBC）、血红白蛋白（HGB）、红细胞比积（HCT）］、并发症发生情况及随访5年内复发率、无瘤生存率。结果 自体组手术时间、住院时间较异体组短（P <0.05）,术中失血量、医疗费用较异体组少（P <0.05）。两组患者术前免疫功能指标比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。自体组术后CD4⁺、CD8⁺高于异体组（P <0.05）,Th1/Th2值低于异体组（P <0.05）。两组患者术前血常规指标比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）;自体组术后血常规指标高于异体组（P <0.05）。两组患者并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。两组患者术后5年总复发率、术后5年总无瘤生存率比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 前列腺癌根治术中应用自体血回输可有效缩短手术用时,减少术中失血量,改善患者血常规指标,避免免疫抑制,但对并发症、复发率、无瘤生存率无明显影响。     

一项比较腹腔镜微波消融与腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝脏大血管瘤的匹配病例研究并文献复习

目的：通过比较腹腔镜微波消融与腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝脏大血管瘤的临床数据和文献复习,探讨肝脏大血管瘤的治疗策略。方法：2020年1月—2022年12月共18例患者于南京医科大学第一附属医院确诊肝脏大血管瘤并行腹腔镜下血管瘤微波消融术。以血管瘤大小、部位、体重指数为配对条件,选取18例同期行腹腔镜下血管瘤切除患者进行1∶1配对的病例对照研究。比较两组患者手术用时、术中出血量、术后并发症、术后住院时间及术后第1天肝功能［丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine transaminase,ALT）,天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（aspartate transaminase,AST）和总胆红素（total bilirubin,TBIL）］,近远期并发症,预后等结果。结果：腹腔镜微波消融组患者手术时间低于腹腔镜手术组（P < 0.001）,术中出血量低于腹腔镜手术组（P < 0.001）,术后住院时间低于腹腔镜手术组（P < 0.001）。两组患者在术后不良反应率（P > 0.05）,术后第1天肝功能（ALT、AST、TBIL）比较差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。术后随访两组患者均未见中远期并发症。结论：腹腔镜微波消融治疗肝血管瘤效果确切,手术安全,并且能显著减少术中出血,缩短手术时间和术后住院时间。     

两种方法治疗肝癌并门静脉癌栓患者的microRNA-363水平变化及疗效对比

目的 分析超声引导下¹²⁵I粒子条植入联合经导管动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗肝癌并门静脉癌栓对microRNA-363（miR-363）水平及预后的影响。方法 选取2016年11月—2020年10月就诊于南阳医学高等专科学校第一附属医院的100例肝癌并门静脉癌栓患者,按随机数字表法分为TACE组和联合组,每组50例。TACE组接受单纯TACE治疗,联合组在TACE组治疗的基础上联合超声引导下¹²⁵I粒子条植入治疗。比较两组临床疗效、miR-363、甲胎蛋白（AFP）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、术后并发症、预后、生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOLI-74）评分。结果 联合组临床疗效总有效率高于TACE组（P <0.05）。联合组手术前后miR-363相对表达量、ALT的差值大于TACE组,AFP小于TACE组（P <0.05）。两组并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。两组术后1年生存率、复发率和术后3年复发率比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,联合组术后3年生存率高于TACE组（P <0.05）。联合组手术前后GQOLI-74评分的差值大于TACE组（P <0.05）。结论 超声引导下¹²⁵I粒子条植入联合TACE可提高肝癌并门静脉癌栓患者疗效,改善肝功能,上调miR-363水平,提高生活质量,对中期预后有积极作用,且并发症风险较低。     

高频超声介入治疗风湿性关节炎的疗效分析

目的 分析高频超声介入治疗风湿性关节炎（RA）的疗效。方法 选取2017年5月—2020年6月就诊于三六三医院的96例RA患者,按随机双盲法将患者分为对照组（接受传统封闭治疗）和超声组（实施高频超声介入治疗）。对比两组关节滑膜厚度及疼痛程度、血流量分级、关节积液检出率、生化指标、炎症反应。结果 两组患者治疗前关节滑膜厚度及VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,超声组治疗后关节滑膜厚度较对照组薄,VAS评分较对照组低（P <0.05）。两组患者治疗前血流量分级比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,超声组治疗后Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级血流量分级患者少于对照组（P <0.05）。两组患者治疗前超声组关节积液检出率比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,超声组治疗后关节积液检出率较对照组低（P <0.05）。两组患者治疗前生化指标比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,超声组治疗后生化指标水平较对照组低（P <0.05）。两组患者治疗前炎症因子水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,超声组治疗后炎症因子水平较照组低（P <0.05）。结论 高频超声介入治疗RA疗效明显,可减轻关节病变及疼痛程度,改善滑膜内血流信号,减少炎症反应。     

TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB在乙型肝炎病毒肝硬化患者中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨Toll样受体4（TLR4）、髓样分化因子88（MyD88）、核转录因子-κ（NF-κB）信号通路在乙型肝炎病毒所致肝硬化中的表达及临床意义。方法 选取2017年1月—2019年1月华北石油管理局总医院收治的130例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者为研究对照（肝硬化组），选择同期130例乙型肝炎患者为乙型肝炎组，选择130例健康人群为对照组。其中肝硬化组进一步根据ChildPugh分为A级（49例），B级（47例），C级（34例）；根据肝硬化程度分为：代偿期肝硬化（49例），失代偿期肝硬化（48例），原发性肝癌（33例）。比较3组丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、总胆红素（TBIL）的差异，比较3组单核细胞表面TLR4阳性率及血清MyD88、NF-κB水平，以及不同程度肝硬化患者TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB表达水平。采用Spearman或Pearson分析法分析TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB与ChildPugh分级、AST、ALT及TBIL的相关性，采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析ALT、AST、TBIL、TLR4、MyD88及NF-κB对肝硬化致原发性肝癌的诊断价值。结果 肝硬化组、乙型肝炎组、对照组AST、ALT、TBIL水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）；TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）；ChildPughA级、B级、C级患者TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）；不同程度肝硬化患者TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。TLR4、MyD88及NF-κB与ChildPugh分级、AST、ALT及TBIL均呈正相关（P <0.05）。ROC曲线结果显示，ALT截断值为101.44 u/L时，AUC为0.738；AST截断值为136.74 u/L时，AUC为0.706；TBIL截断值为51.86 μmol/L 时，AUC为0.746；TLR4截断值为32.342%时，AUC为0.896；MyD88截断值为931.402 pg/ml时，AUC为0.897；NF-κB截断值为1 243.620 pg/ml时，AUC为0.875。结论 TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB信号通路与乙型肝炎病毒所致肝炎及肝硬化病理进程密切相关，且TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB的检测在诊断肝硬化致原发性肝癌中具有一定临床价值。     

参斛汤对前列腺癌患者术后病灶及血清microRNA-301a-3p水平的影响

目的 探讨参斛汤对前列腺癌术后病灶进展及血清microRNA-301a-3p（miRNA-301a-3p）水平的影响。方法 选取2020年2月—2021年3月就诊于郑州大学第一附属医院的95例前列腺癌患者作为研究对象，按随机数表法分为对照组（47例）和研究组（48例）。患者均接受经尿道前列腺癌根治术，对照组术后接受常规化学治疗，研究组在对照组基础上增加参斛汤辅助治疗。比较两组患者术后病灶进展情况、血清学指标［前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）、游离前列腺特异性抗原（f-PSA）、游离前列腺特异抗原百分率（FPSAR）、血清肿瘤相关物质（TAM）］、免疫功能、不良反应等。结果 研究组局部病灶进展时间、远处转移时间较对照组长（P <0.05）。两组患者治疗前血清PSA、FPSAR、TAM、miR-301a-3p表达水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05），研究组FPSAR高于对照组（P <0.05），PSA、TAM、miR-301a-3p低于对照组（P <0.05）。两组患者治疗前CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05），研究组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺较对照组高（P <0.05），CD8⁺较对照组低（P <0.05）。两组患者不良反应总发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 参斛汤用于前列腺癌术后辅助治疗可有效抑制病灶进展，提高患者免疫功能，抑制miR-301a-3p表达，但在减少术后化学治疗不良反应方面未见明显优势。     

腹腔镜D2根治术联合胃背侧系膜近胃端完整系膜切除术治疗进展期胃癌的近期疗效

目的 分析腹腔镜D2根治术联合胃背侧系膜近胃端完整系膜切除术（CME）治疗进展期胃癌的近期疗效。方法 回顾性分析2018年2月—2019年1月滨州医学院附属医院收治的80例进展期胃癌患者临床资料。将40例实施腹腔镜D2根治术的患者作为对照组,其余40例实施腹腔镜D2根治术联合CME的患者作为观察组。比较两组患者的手术指标、生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOLI-74）、并发症发生率、肿瘤复发率、肿瘤转移率、生存率。结果 观察组手术时间、住院时间短于对照组（P <0.05）,术中出血量少于对照组,淋巴结清扫数目多于对照组（P <0.05）。两组患者首次排气时间比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。两组患者并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。两组患者6个月生存率、肿瘤复发率、肿瘤转移率比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。观察组1年的生存率高于对照组,肿瘤转移率低于对照组（P <0.05）。两组患者1年的肿瘤复发率比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。观察组和对照组术后GQOLI-74评分较术前升高（P <0.05）。观察组术后GQOLI-74评分较对照组升高（P <0.05）。两组患者术前GQOLI-74评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 CME联合D2根治术治疗进展期胃癌有利于彻底清除淋巴结,减少手术时间及术中出血量,促进术后恢复,改善生活质量,并发症更少,较D2根治术可行性更高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.