老年腹股沟疝手术方式选择及安全性分析

背景与目的 腹股沟疝是外科常见疾病,其中老年患者是接受腹股沟疝修补术的主要群体。然而,对于老年腹股沟疝患者选择何种手术方式目前尚无定论。局麻Lichtenstein术难度低、效果好、术后愈合较快,在临床中运用广泛。腹腔镜下腹股沟疝无张力修补术因其视野开阔、可发现对侧隐匿疝、可同时处理双侧疝等优势而被越来越多外科医生接受和推荐。本文主要对接受局麻开放疝修补术或全麻腔镜疝修补术的老年患者临床数据进行分析,以期为临床提供一定参考。方法 通过电话随访和病历系统搜集资料,回顾性分析东南大学附属中大医院2019年1月—2021年12月期间130例行腹股沟疝修补手术老年患者（>60岁）的临床资料,其中开放Lichtenstein术67例（开放组）,腔镜疝修补术63例（腹腔镜组）。比较两组患者的基线资料及手术相关指标。结果 基线资料分析结果显示,开放组患者平均年龄大于腹腔镜组（78.94岁vs. 71.83岁）,术前麻醉风险比例、各种合并症比例以及双侧疝发病率均高于腹腔镜组（均P<0.05）;其余基线指标在两组间差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。手术相关指标分析结果显示,腹腔镜组术后住院时间较开放组缩短（1.51 d vs. 2.16 d）、术后1 d疼痛评分低于开放组（2.70 vs. 3.58）（均P<0.05）;两组间术后各并发症（切口感染、血肿、血清肿、神经感觉异常、尿潴留）发生率、1年复发率、长期疼痛（>3个月）等指标差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论 在老年患者中,疝侧、麻醉风险分级、术前合并症均是临床医师选择手术方式时需要评估的内容。经过充分的术前评估后,选择行腔镜手术是安全的。     

腹腔镜下腹壁疝腹膜外补片修补术与腹腔内补片修补术比较的多中心回顾性研究

背景与目的 腹壁疝修补术是最常见的外科手术之一,全球每年有200万例左右的腹壁疝患者接受手术治疗。与开放手术相比,腹腔镜下腹壁疝修补术优势明显。然而腹腔镜下腹腔内补片修补术（IPOM）与腹腔镜下腹膜外补片修补术（ESR）这两种腔镜术式的优缺点及疗效如何,尚无大样本的临床研究证实。因此,本研究通过比较ESR与IPOM两种手术方式治疗腹壁疝的近远期疗效,为临床提供循证参考。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月1日—2022年12月31日湖南省11家医疗机构收治的157例行腹腔镜腹壁疝修补术患者的临床资料,其中124例行ESR（ESR组）,33例行IPOM（IPOM组）,对比分析两组病例的临床特点、手术方式和术后近远期效果。结果 全组无中转开腹病例或围术期死亡病例。两组病例的年龄、性别、BMI、类型差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。两组病例疝环横径、手术时间、术中出血量、疝环闭合概率差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。网片固定方式ESR组以自固定和缝线固定为主（91.1%）,而IPOM组以钉枪固定为主（69.7%）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。ESR组的术后疼痛评分明显低于IPOM组（2.4±0.8 vs. 2.8±1.0,P<0.05）,住院费用明显低于IPOM组（21 001元vs. 38 437元,P<0.05）。两组的术后住院时间和近期并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。中位随访10.3个月,ESR组无复发病例,IPOM组2例复发（6.1%）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 ESR是湖南地区腹腔镜下腹壁疝修补的主流术式之一。由于固定方式和网片选择的不同,ESR较之IPOM而言,术后疼痛更轻微、费用更低、复发率更低,且并不明显增加手术时间和术后近期并发症。     

腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术和腹腔镜完全腹膜外疝修补术治疗成人腹股沟疝的疗效

目的探讨腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术（TAPP）和腹腔镜完全腹膜外疝修补术（TEP）治疗成人腹股沟疝的临床疗效及安全性对比研究。 方法选取2016年3月至2019年3月入住南京市栖霞区医院的成人腹股沟疝患者320例,按治疗方式分为TAPP及TEP组,各160例。比较2组手术时长及临床效果、出现并发症和复发的概率、心理状态。 结果TAPP组与TEP组双侧疝手术时长、单侧疝手术时长、疼痛持续时长、肛门排气时间无差异,但TAPP组住院时长短于TEP组（P<0.05）;TAPP组和TEP组并发症及复发率比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗后TEP组心理状态明显优于TAPP组（P<0.05）。 结论在治疗成人腹股沟疝患者的过程中,腹腔镜TAPP及TEP术式疗效显著且具有较高安全性,值得在临床推广应用。     

经腹腹膜前腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术治疗腹股沟复发疝

目的：探讨经腹腹膜前腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术（TAPP）治疗腹股沟复发疝的临床应用价值。 方法：回顾性分析4年间收治的腹股沟复发疝经腹腔腹膜前腹腔镜疝修补术患者21例临床资料。 结果：21例复发疝均成功完成TAPP手术,无中转手术。术后2例出现尿潴留（9.5%）,1例出现阴囊少量积液（4.8%）。术后均2~3 d出院,随访6~24个月,无1例复发。 结论：TAPP安全有效;该术式具有创伤小、操作简单、恢复快、住院时间短、复发率低等优势。值得推广应用于复发疝。     

基于数据分析与计算的模型化布孔法在腹腔镜腹壁切口疝修补术中的应用

背景与目的 随着微创理念及技术的发展,经腹腔镜完成腹壁切口疝手术已成为趋势,但由于腹壁切口疝位置大小不定,暂无成熟的布孔方法供术者参考,使得手术术式的学习难度较大,不合理的布孔还易导致手术难度加大。笔者在此介绍一种基于数据分析与计算的模型化布孔方法,并通过与传统经验性布孔法进行比较,探讨其优势和临床效果。方法 选择2017年1月—2018年5月中山大学附属第六医院收治并拟行腹腔内补片植入术（IPOM）的44例腹壁切口疝患者,用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组（21例）和研究组（23例）,对照组采用术中放置观察孔后以手术经验放置操作孔的布孔方法,研究组采用术前腹部轮廓分析,并按照步骤划定限制条件,根据操作器械尺寸计算合理距离的方法指导穿刺孔放置位置的方法。比较两组患者术中及术后的相关临床指标。结果 两组患者一般资料差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。与对照组比较,研究组的平均布孔时间（7.28 min vs. 9.93 min）、平均手术时间（67.62 min vs. 79.10 min）、术中加孔率（17% vs. 48%）均明显减少（均P<0.05）。研究组与对照组患者的术后并发症发生率（4.3% vs. 19.0%）,术后住院时间（5.13 d vs. 5.76 d）及术后复发率（4.3% vs. 4.8%）差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论 在腹腔镜腹壁切口疝IPOM手术采用模型化布孔法可以缩短布孔时间,合理的操作孔布置可以降低腹腔镜下粘连分离、缺损缝合及补片固定的难度,降低手术总时间及术中增加操作孔的几率,并不增加术后并发症发生率,住院时间及复发疝的几率。模型化布孔法以客观数据+定量计算代替传统布孔法的经验决策,在方法步骤上更明晰,并可以在使用中不断更新改进,将有助于腹腔镜腹壁切口疝手术的规范与推广。     

“立体缝合”法在腹腔镜造口旁疝Sugarbaker修补术中的应用

背景与目的 造口旁疝是肠造口术后的常见并发症，腹腔镜Sugarbaker修补术是目前主流的手术方式，而如何缝合关闭筋膜缺损是手术最大的难点。常规的缝合关闭技术存在闭合或缩小缺损困难、术后血清肿发生率高、腹壁塑形效果差等不足。笔者中心在前期应用“立体缝合”技术缝合关闭缺损，可以较好地解决上述问题。本研究通过对比造口旁疝腹腔镜Sugarbaker修补术中应用“立体缝合”技术和常规缝合技术的两组患者的临床疗效，探讨“立体缝合”技术在造口旁疝修补术中的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月—2021年12月中山大学附属第六医院疝和腹壁外科行腹腔镜Sugarbaker修补术的造口旁疝患者资料，其中44例采用“立体缝合”关闭缺损（研究组），29例采用传统缝合方法关闭缺损（对照组），比较两组患者的相关临床指标。结果 研究组均实现了筋膜缺损的完全关闭，对照组无法完全关闭缺损9例（31.0%）；研究组平均关闭筋膜缺损缝合时间（47.45±10.44）min，平均手术时间（132.14±13.72）min，对照组平均关闭筋膜缺损缝合时间为（33.72±8.64）min，平均手术时间（113.97±18.30）min，两组以上指标差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。研究组术后血清肿发生率明显低于对照组（6.8% vs. 27.6%，P=0.036），两组术后补片感染发生率差异无统计学意义（2.3% vs. 3.4%，P=0.640）。研究组术后复发率明显低于对照组（2.3% vs. 20.7%，P=0.027）。研究组术后住院时间6（5~7）d，住院费用为（72 998.79±15 352.46）元，对照组术后住院时间6（5~7）d，住院费用为（72 998.79±11 542.77）元，两组间该两项指标差异均无统计学意义（P=0.447，P=0.708）。结论 立体缝合技术应用于造口旁疝修补术中，可有效关闭筋膜缺损，减少术后血清肿和复发的发生率。     

“对位对线”补片固定法在腹腔镜切口疝修补术中的应用

背景与目的 切口疝的微创修补理念在疝外科界已经形成共识，腹腔镜下切口疝修补在临床上的应用越来越普及，但腔镜下的补片固定技术仍然是一个难点。本研究旨在介绍一种新式的切口疝补片固定方法并探讨其临床应用效果。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月—2019年12月中山大学附属第六医院胃肠、疝和腹壁外科120例行腹腔镜切口疝修补手术（IPOM）患者的临床资料，其中60例的补片固定方式采用“对位对线”补片固定法（观察组），另60例采用传统疝钉双圈固定方法（对照组），比较两组患者相关临床指标以及经济学指标。结果 两组患者性别、年龄、BMI、病程以及疝环最大缺损指标差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。观察组的平均补片固定时间短于对照组（35.5 min vs. 47.7 min，P<0.05），平均疝钉固定数量少于对照组（36.6枚 vs. 44.2枚，P<0.05），平均术后疼痛VAS评分低于对照组（3.2分 vs. 4.6分，P<0.05），住院费用低于对照组（3.9万元 vs. 4.8万元，P<0.05）。两组患者在血清肿、补片感染发生率，术后住院时间的差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。观察组和对照组平均随访26.3个月与25.8个月，观察组和对照组的切口疝复发率（1.7% vs. 5.0%，P=0.61）及术后慢性疼痛的发生率差异均无统计学意义（6.7% vs. 8.3%，P=1.00）。结论 “对位对线”补片固定法可缩短补片固定时间，减少疝钉使用数量，节约住院费用，并且可降低切口疝术后早期疼痛的发生，该方法在腹腔镜切口疝修补术中的应用是安全有效的，可在临床进行推广使用。     

经腹腔腹膜前疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝的治疗体会

目的：探讨经腹腔腹膜前疝修补术（TAPP）治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝的可行性及有效性。方法回顾性分析2007年9月至2012年8月,南方医科大学附属何贤纪念医院收治的腹股沟嵌顿疝患者100例。观察组50例患者行腹股沟嵌顿疝腹腔镜下复位＋经腹腔腹膜前腹腔镜疝修补术,对照组50例患者行腹股沟嵌顿疝切开复位＋Bassini法腹股沟疝修补术。比较二组患者手术时间、住院时间、下床时间、住院费用和复发率。结果观察组50例患者手术均成功完成,无中转开腹,平均手术时间为（35±11）min,对照组平均手术时间为（44±10）min,二组比较差异无统计学意义（t＝1．62, P＝0．130）;观察组平均住院时间为（5．2±0．9）d,对照组平均为（6．8±1．1）d,二组比较差异有统计学意义（t＝2．30,P＝0．039）;观察组平均下床时间为（12±1）h,对照组平均为（18±1）h,二组比较差异有统计学意义（t＝3．07,P＝0．004）;观察组住院费用多于开放组,二组比较差异有统计学意义（t＝2．11,P＝0．045）;随访12∽36个月,观察组无复发,对照组有8例复发,二组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2＝6．66,P＝0．000）。结论 TAPP是治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝一种安全可靠的手术治疗方法,具有创伤小、疼痛轻、恢复快、操作简单、住院时间短、复发率低等优势,但费用相对较高,临床可根据患者情况适时应用。     

腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术治疗腹股沟斜疝的效果

目的探讨腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术（TAPP）治疗腹股沟斜疝患者的临床效果。 方法回顾性分析2020年5月至2021年12月芜湖市第五人民医院普外科接诊的腹股沟斜疝患者60例。依手术方法分为2组,对照组行Lichtenstein疝修补术（n=30）,观察组行腹腔镜TAPP（n=30）。对比2组患者手术相关指标,术后不同时间疼痛（视觉模拟评分）、术后并发症、术前以及术后3个月的生活质量（SF-36量表）。 结果2组患者总医疗费用差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组失血量、术后肠鸣音恢复时间、肛门排气时间、恢复自主活动时间、总住院时间低于对照组,观察组手术耗时、治疗满意度评分高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组术后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h疼痛评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）,术后1个月2组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组术后并发症发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。2组术后3个月SF-36评分较术前均明显增加（P<0.05）,2组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论腹腔镜TAPP治疗腹股沟斜疝较Lichtenstein手术对组织创伤程度低,术后恢复速度快,术后短期内疼痛程度、并发症发生率低,术后早期恢复效果好,近期恢复效果与Lichtenstein术类似。     

腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术与完全腹膜外疝修补术的疗效对比

目的比较分析腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术（transabdominal preperitoneal,TAPP）与腹腔镜完全腹膜外疝修补术（totally extraperitoneal,TEP）的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2017年1月,涿鹿县医院188例腹腔镜疝修补手术患者的临床资料,按照术式不同分为TAPP组（102例）和TEP组（86例）,对比两种手术方式的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后疼痛、血肿或血清肿、尿潴留、补片感染、复发情况。 结果2组在手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间的比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组术后疼痛、血肿或血清肿、尿潴留、补片感染、复发比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论TAPP和TEP都是治疗腹股沟疝安全有效的手术方式,术式的选择应根据术者经验和腹股沟疝个体化治疗原则进行。     

应用腹腔镜技术诊治复发性腹股沟疝

目的探讨应用腹腔镜技术在复发性腹股沟疝诊断及治疗中的价值。方法回顾性分析1999年3月至2008年3月应用腹腔镜技术明确诊断并行腹腔镜疝修补术治疗的45例复发性腹股沟疝患者的临床资料。结果45例手术全部成功,无中转开放手术。应用腹腔镜经腹腹膜前补片修补术（TAPP）38例,腹腔镜完全腹膜外补片修补术（TEP）6例,腹腔镜腹腔内补片贴置术（IPOM）1例。术中明确诊断真性复发疝25例,新发疝16例,遗留疝4例。术中发现对侧隐匿疝5例,一并行腹腔镜疝修补术。手术时间30～120rain,平均（60．0±22．5）min,术后住院2～7d,平均3d。45例随访1—10年,平均（4．5±3．3）年,无1例再复发。结论应用腹腔镜可以明确复发性腹股沟疝的类型,有助于病因分析及减少再复发率。腹腔镜疝修补术创伤小、恢复快、再复发率低,可作为诊断和治疗复发性腹股沟疝的首选方法。     

Clinical value of the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal technique in recurrent inguinal hernia repair

ObjectiveTo assess the clinical value of the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) technique in recurrent inguinal hernia repair.MethodsThe clinical data of 354 patients with recurrent inguinal hernia who underwent TAPP surgery from June 2010 to June 2016 at the Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsLaparoscopic surgery was successfully completed in all 360 patients. Among them TAPP were finished in 354 patients, while TAPP repair were attempted but finally converted to open or TAPE repair in 6 patients. The mean operation time was 54.7 ± 19.4 min (range 30–90 min), mean duration of hospitalization was 4.7 ± 2.1 days (range 2–14 days), and mean duration of follow-up was 37.7 ± 12.4 months (range 12–60 months). The rate of intraoperative injury was 4.5% (16/354), and the rate of postoperative complications was 13.6% (48/354). No patient developed a foreign body sensation, wound infection, intestinal obstruction, mesh infection, or chronic pain. Two patients (0.6%) developed re-recurrence requiring reoperation, with no further recurrence.ConclusionWhen performed by an experienced surgeon with excellent technique, the TAPP technique is safe and effective for recurrent hernia after surgical treatment via the anterior repair, and maybe a good alternative for recurrent hernia after surgical treatment via the posterior repair.     

A comparison of outcomes between open and laparoscopic surgical repair of recurrent inguinal hernias

Background

Inguinal hernia recurrence after surgical repair is a major concern. The authors report their experience with open and laparoscopic repair of recurrent inguinal hernias.

Methods

After institutional review board approval, a retrospective review was performed with the charts of 197 patients who had undergone surgical repair of recurrent inguinal hernias from January 2000 through August 2009, and the data for 172 patients who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Surgical variables and clinical outcomes were compared using Student??s t test, the Mann?CWhitney U test, chi-square, and Fisher??s exact test as appropriate.

Results

The review showed that 172 patients had undergone either open mesh repair (n?=?61) or laparoscopic mesh repair (n?=?111) for recurrent inguinal hernias. Postoperative complications were experienced by 8 patients in the open group and 17 patients in laparoscopic group (p?=?0.70). Five patients (8.2%) in the open group and four patients (3.6%) in the laparoscopic group had re-recurrent inguinal hernias (p?=?0.28). Four patients in the open group (9.5%) and no patients in the laparoscopic group had recurrence during long-term follow-up evaluation (p?=?0.046). In the laparoscopic group, 76 patients (68.5%) underwent total extraperitoneal (TEP) repair, and 35 patients (31.5%) had transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair. Postoperative complications were experienced by 13 patients in the TEP group and 4 patients in the TAPP group (p?=?0.44). Two patients (2.6%) in the TEP group and two patients (5.7%) in the TAPP group had re-recurrent inguinal hernias (p?=?0.59).

Conclusions

This retrospective review showed no statistical difference in the re-recurrence rate between the two techniques during short-term follow-up evaluation. However, the laparoscopic technique had a significantly lower re-recurrence rate than the open technique during long-term follow-up evaluation. Both procedures were comparable in terms of intra- and postoperative complications. Among laparoscopic techniques, TEP and TAPP repair are acceptable methods for the repair of recurrent inguinal hernia. A multicenter prospective randomized control trial is needed to confirm the findings of this study.     

Lichtenstein术后复发性腹股沟疝的腔镜治疗

目的：评价腹腔镜下经腹腹膜前入路（TAPP）治疗Lichtenstein术后复发性腹股沟疝的临床效果。 方法：回顾性分析2009年5月—2014年3月间中南大学湘雅医院行腹腔镜下TAPP治疗的12例Lichtenstein术后复发疝患者临床资料。 结果：全组均顺利完成腹腔镜手术,无1例中转开放手术。平均手术时间为（110±25）min,术后2例发生血清肿,经穿刺抽液治愈。术后均于48 h内痊愈出院,随访至目前无1例再复发。 结论：腹腔镜下TAPP是治疗Lichtenstein术后复发性腹股沟疝安全有效的方法。

     

Laparoscopic repair of recurrent groin hernia: results of a prospective study

Background  Recurrences continue to be seen after repair of inguinal hernias. The repair of these recurrent hernias is a more complex and demanding procedure, with a high re-recurrence rate. Definite advantage has been demonstrated with endoscopic repair of these hernias. Methods  The results for this prospective study from January 2003 to December 2006 were evaluated after laparoscopic repair of 65 recurrent hernias in 61 patients. The patients were followed up for 1 year. Longer follow-up evaluation was performed for the patients who underwent surgery in the initial 3 years. Results  In this study, 37 recurrent hernias were managed using the transabdominal preperitoneal technique (TAPP) technique and 28 using the totally extraperitoneal (TEP) technique. There was no conversion and no cases of postoperative wound infection. Of the 12 metachronous hernias repaired simultaneously, 3 were occult. Seroma developed in five patients. At a follow-up assessment after 1 year, one patient had groin pain, and there was one re-recurrence. A longer follow-up period with a mean of 35.11 months failed to show any new re-recurrence. Conclusions  Laparoscopic repair of recurrent inguinal hernia is safe and effective. The morbidity and recurrence rates for the procedure are as low as for laparoscopic repair of primary hernias. Laparoscopic repair should be the gold standard for these hernias.     

Comparison of laparoscopic and open tension-free repair of recurrent inguinal hernias: a prospective randomized study

Background The current prospective randomized controlled clinical study aimed to assess the short- and long-term results of recurrent inguinal hernia repair, and to compare the results for transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) procedures with those for open tension-free repair. Methods For this study, 82 patients were randomly assigned to undergo TAPP (group A, n = 24), TEP (group B, n = 26), or open Lichtenstein hernioplasty (group C, n = 32). All the patients with recurrent inguinal hernias had undergone previous repair using conventional open procedures. Physical examination showed Nyhus type II hernia in the vast majority of the patients (59%). High-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiology [ASA] III or IV); coagulation disorders; previous abdominal or pelvic surgery; and irreducible, congenital, and massive scrotal or sliding hernias were excluded from the study. Results There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001) in operating time favoring the open procedure. The intensity of postoperative pain was greater in the open hernia repair group 24 h, 48 h, and 7 days after surgery (p = 0.001), with a greater consumption of pain medication among these patients (p < 0.004). The median time until return to work was 14 days for group A, 13 days for Group g, and 20 days for group C. The comparison was in favor of laparoscopically treated patients. Nine recurrences (4 in the laparoscopic groups and 5 in the open group) were documented within 3 years of follow-up evaluation. Conclusion Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (TAPP or TEP) is the method of choice for dealing with recurrent inguinal hernia.     

Prospective randomized trial of laparoscopic (transabdominal preperitoneal) vs open (mesh) repair for bilateral and recurrent inguinal hernia

Background: Laparoscopic hernia repair excites controversy because its benefits are debatable and critics claim it is attended by serious complications. The one group of patients in whom benefits may outweigh the perceived disadvantages are those with bilateral or recurrent inguinal hernias. Method: One hundred twenty patients with bilateral or recurrent hernias were randomized to either laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) or open mesh repair. Patients completed a well-being questionnaire prior to and following surgery together with a visual analog pain score. Patients were followed up clinically at 1 and 3 months and thereafter by their general practitioner. Results: Age and sex distribution was similar in the two groups. Laparoscopic TAPP hernia was quicker (40 vs 55 min; p < 0.001), less painful (visual analog pain score, 2.8 vs 4.3; p = 0.003) and allowed earlier return to work (11 vs 42 days; p < 0.001) compared to open mesh repair. Conclusion: This trial demonstrates that laparoscopic hernia repair via the TAPP route offers significant benefit to patients undergoing bilateral or recurrent inguinal hernia repair.     

经腹腹膜前腹腔镜疝修补术治疗腹股沟复发疝

目的：探讨经腹腹膜前腹腔镜疝修补术（ transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal herniorrhaphy ,TAPP）在治疗腹股沟复发疝中的效果。方法回顾性分析我院2010年6月～2013年12月TAPP治疗腹股沟复发疝28例的临床资料。单侧疝25例,双侧疝3例（2例为术中发现）。斜疝13例,直疝15例。结果28例均获成功,无中转手术。手术时间（60＆#177;15） min,术中出血量（30＆#177;5）ml,术后住院时间（4＆#177;1）d。3例术后腹股沟区轻微疼痛不适,口服非甾体止疼药后缓解;4例血清肿,2例自行吸收,2例经多次穿刺抽液后治愈。随访时间1～24个月,平均17个月,其中20例＞12个月,均未见复发。结论 TAPP治疗腹股沟复发疝避免了传统前入路的解剖复杂性,手术安全、有效。     

A randomized, controlled, clinical study of laparoscopic vs open tension-free inguinal hernia repair

Background: The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study was to compare laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) hernia repair with a standard tension-free open mesh repair (open). Methods: A total of 108 low-risk patients with unilateral (primary or recurrent) or bilateral hernias were randomized to TAPP (group 1 = 52 cases) or open (group 2 = 56 cases). The outcome measures included operating time, complications, postoperative pain, return to normal activity, operating theater costs, and recurrences. Results: The mean operative time was longer for the TAPP than for the open group only in unilateral primary hernias. At rest, the median Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score was higher for group 1 than group 2 at 48 h postoperatively. Mild to discomforting pain in the inguinal region after 7 days, night pain after 30 days, and inguinal hardening after 3 months were more frequent in group 2 than group 1. No significant differences were observed in return to normal activities between the groups. One hernia recurrence was observed after 1 month in group 1. TAPP was significantly more expensive than open. Conclusions: TAPP was associated with less postoperative pain than open. The increase in operating theater costs, however, was dramatic and was not compensated by shorter time away from work. TAPP should not be adopted routinely unless its costs can be drastically reduced. Received: 10 June 1997/Accepted: 6 October 1997     

Totally extraperitoneal repair of recurrent inguinal hernia

Background: A variety of procedures with substantial differences in results are employed to treat recurrent inguinal hernia. The advantages of totally extraperitoneal patch repair (TEP) are even more evident when it is applied to recurrent compared to primary hernias. To investigate the superiority of this method more closely, we reviewed our results obtained for recurrent inguinal hernias over a period of 2 years. Methods: We performed a prospective single-center study using data obtained in consecutive patients with recurrent inguinal hernia who were operated on in 1997 and 1998. Results: A total of 179 patients with recurrent inguinal hernia were recruited. Overall, 1329 patients with inguinal hernia were treated in the 2-year period, of whom 1270 underwent TEP. The percentage of recurrent hernias was 14%. The average age of the patients was 56 years. The follow-up rate was 87.5%, and the mean follow-up period was 2.3 years. The 154 patients who were followed up underwent a total of 225 hernia repairs, of which 181 were for recurrent hernias. The average operating time was 57 min. In 68% (104/154) of the patients, adhesions, adherent epigastric vessels, or cicatricial changes were found, which resulted in the inadvertant opening of the peritoneum in 26.3% of the patients. All the openings in the peritoneum were closed by endoscopic suturing. Intraoperative complications developed in 4 patients (2.3%), including one injury to the bladder and three cases of bleeding from side branches of the epigastric vessels. The conversion rate was 0%. The sole postoperative complication was treatment requiring hematomas in 7 patients, in 2 of whom reoperation became necessary. In both cases, a diffuse hemorrhage due to a preoperatively undiagnosed coagulation disorder was found. No cases of wound or patch infection were observed. In a patient undergoing both primary and recurrent hernia repair, displacement of a mesh led to a recurrence on the primary hernia side (recurrence rate, 0.4%; re-recurrence rate, 0%). Conclusions: Although for its definitive management, recurrent hernia requires a reliable operative technique, current data do not support the recommendation of any of the currently available procedures as the gold standard. In a representative patient population with recurrent hernia, we were able to demonstrate that TEP achieves very good results in terms of re-recurrence rate, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and rehabilitation. Prerequisites for the reliable and low-complication application of the method are a high level of standardization of the procedure and an advanced learning curve. Presented at the 8th World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery SAGES, New York, NY, USA, 13–16 March 2002