低分子肝素对子宫内膜容受性的作用及其机制研究

目的 研究低分子肝素（LMWH）影响子宫内膜容受性的作用机制。方法 随机将C57BL/6小鼠分为对照组、造模组、LMWH低剂量造模组和LMWH高剂量造模组。妊娠第5天统计胚胎数量，HE染色对比各组子宫内膜腺体及血管情况，qRT-PCR检测血小板内皮细胞黏附因子1（PECAM1）、同源框基因A10（HOXA10）、WNT7A和β-catenin的mRNA水平。结果 LMWH低剂量造模组和LMWH高剂量造模组胚胎数量较造模组增加（P <0.05），LMWH高剂量造模组最高。LMWH高剂量造模组胚胎数量较对照组增加（P <0.05）。LMWH低剂量造模组和LMWH高剂量造模组腺体、血管数量较造模组增加（P <0.05），而LMWH造模组与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。LMWH低剂量造模组和LMWH高剂量造模组HOXA10、PECAM1、Wnt7A、β-catenin mRNA相对表达量较造模组增加（P <0.05）。结论 LMWH通过Wnt通路提高子宫内膜容受性，其作用机制可能与PECAM1相关。     

补肾调冲方对PCOS患者子宫内膜保护作用研究

[目的]探讨补肾调冲方对多囊卵巢综合征患者子宫内膜的保护作用。[方法]诊刮获取多囊卵巢综合征患者的子宫内膜组织,体外混合培养子宫内膜细胞,分别予以补肾调冲方、孕酮、17β-雌二醇干预子宫内膜细胞,并设置空白对照组。利用透射电镜观察子宫内膜细胞超微结构;ELISA法检测子宫内膜细胞中孕激素受体的表达,逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）及Western blot检测转化生长因子（TGF-β1）、Smad4 mRNA及蛋白的表达。[结果]药物干预后经透射电镜观察发现,与雌激素组、空白对照组相比,实验组、孕激素组细胞表面微绒毛数量增多,有分支,线粒体体积增大,粗面内质网扩张,高尔基体肿胀;实验组子宫内膜细胞中孕激素受体表达低于雌激素组、空白对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与雌激素组、空白对照组相比,实验组TGF-β1、Smad4 mRNA及蛋白表达增多,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）.[结论]补肾调冲方能够促进多囊卵巢综合征患者子宫内膜由增生期向分泌期转变。     

Lnc-AK077216基于OPG/RANKL/RANK通路对破骨细胞分化成熟的调控作用

目的 基于骨保护蛋白（OPG）/细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配体（RANKL）/细胞核因子κB受体活化因子（RANK）通路探究Lnc-AK077216对破骨细胞（OC）分化成熟的调控作用。方法 取对数生长期RAW264.7小鼠单核巨噬细胞,采用脂质体转染法将Lnc-AK077216-shRNA、Control-shRNA转染至RAW264.7细胞,分别设为转染组、空载组。另取未作处理细胞设为对照组。采用荧光显微镜观察转染率,并采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）测定转染后Lnc-AK077216 mRNA相对表达量;抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）染色检测诱导分化7 d后的OC数及阳性染色面积;采用qRT-PCR检测诱导分化培养3 d后各组OPG、RANKL、RANK mRNA相对表达量;采用Western blotting检测诱导分化培养3 d后各组OPG、RANKL、RANK蛋白相对表达量。结果 转染48 h后,荧光显微镜显示转染效率> 70％;转染48 h后转染组Lnc-AK077216 mRNA相对表达量低于对照组和空载组（P <0.05）;诱导分化前RAW264.7细胞多呈圆形且形态规则,诱导分化7 d后经TRAP染色,可观察到呈阳性的多核巨细胞,细胞有伪足、突起,且体积较大,表明生成OC;转染组OC数少于对照组和空载组（P <0.05）,阳性染色面积小于对照组和空载组（P <0.05）;转染组OPG mRNA和蛋白相对表达量高于对照组和空载组（P <0.05）,RANKL、RANK mRNA和蛋白相对表达量均低于对照组和空载组（P <0.05）。结论 敲低Lnc-AK077216可抑制RAW264.7细胞向OC分化,其调控机制可能与上调OPG mRNA和蛋白表达,下调RANKL、RANK mRNA和蛋白表达有关。     

CD133在子宫内膜异位症相关卵巢癌中的表达

目的 探讨CD133在子宫内膜异位症相关卵巢癌（endometriosis associated ovarian carcinoma,EAOC）中的表达和意义。方法 采用免疫组织化学法检测25例EAOC患者（EAOC组）、22例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿（EMs组）中CD133蛋白的表达。结果 CD133在EAOC组中的阳性表达率明显高于EMs组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。EAOC组中CD133的表达与病理分化程度及分期有关,低分化、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期组CD133表达阳性率明显高于中、高分化和Ⅰ、Ⅱ期组（P<0.05）。结论 CD133可能与卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶变的发生、发展有关。     

膀胱癌患者血清CK-19、CYFRA21-1的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨膀胱癌（BC）患者血清肿瘤异常糖链蛋白（CK-19）及细胞角蛋白片段19抗原21-1（CYFRA21-1）的表达及其临床意义。方法 选取2020年1月—2021年6月西南医科大学附属中医医院诊治的83例BC患者作为BC组。选取同期该院诊治的60例泌尿系统良性疾病患者作为良性疾病组。选取同期在该院体检的60例健康群众作为对照组。应用化学发光免疫法检测血清CYFRA21-1水平,ELISA检测血清CK-19水平,统计学分析各组CK-19及CYFRA21-1水平差异及两指标与临床特征的关系。Pearson分析CK-19与CYFRA21-1水平的相关性。受试者工作曲线（ROC）预测CK-19、CYFRA21-1及联合检测对膀胱癌的诊断价值。结果 BC组CK-19、CYFRA21-1水平高于良性疾病组和对照组（P <0.05）,良性疾病组CK-19、CYFRA21-1水平高于对照组（P <0.05）。肿瘤分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期CK-19、CYFRA21-1水平高于肿瘤分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ期（P <0.05）。不同性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、浸润深度和有无病理分级BC患者的CK-19、CYFRA21-1水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示,BC患者CK-19与CYFRA21-1水平呈正相关（r =0.578,P <0.05）。联合检测的诊断价值大于CK-19或CYFRA21-1单独检测（P <0.05）。结论 BC患者血清中CK-19及CYFRA21-1水平升高,两者表达与肿瘤分期有关,联合检测CK-19及CYFRA21-1有望成为诊断BC的新肿瘤标志物。     

子宫内膜细胞采集器筛查子宫内膜癌应用价值分析

目的 探讨子宫内膜细胞采集器在筛查子宫内膜癌及癌前病变中的应用价值。方法 2014年4月~2015年10月就诊需排除子宫内膜病变的患者208例,行经阴道超声检查（TVS）、血清CA125联合HE4检测、子宫内膜细胞采集器活检子宫内膜、宫腔镜下诊刮术,以宫腔镜下诊刮的病理诊断结果作为"金标准",计算子宫内膜细胞采集器的取材满意率,比较子宫内膜细胞采集器、宫腔镜诊刮、TVS、血清CA125联合HE4诊断子宫内膜癌及癌前病变的敏感度、特异性及符合率。结果 （1）子宫内膜细胞采集器活检内膜取材满意率86.5%（180/208）,宫腔镜诊刮取材满意率92.3%（192/208）,两者差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。（2）子宫内膜细胞采集器活检子宫内膜筛查子宫内膜癌及癌前病变的敏感度、特异性及符合率分别为63.6%、100%、96.2%,均高于TVS及CA125联合HE4检测,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 子宫内膜细胞采集器可获取较满意的子宫内膜组织标本进行病理诊断,诊断子宫内膜癌及癌前病变的敏感度、特异性及符合率均较高,可作为子宫内膜癌的筛查手段。     

过表达CD82对植入期小鼠子宫内膜整合素αV、β3、E-cadherin和β-catenin表达的影响

目的 探讨CD82对着床窗口期小鼠子宫内膜上皮细胞内整合素αV、β3、E-cadherin以及β-catenin蛋白表达的影响. 方法 将构建的CD82腺病毒转染原代培养的小鼠子宫内膜上皮细胞.检测妊娠小鼠子宫内膜上皮细胞转染CD82腺病毒后,细胞内整合素αV、β3、E-cadherin和β-catenin的表达变化情况.结果 提取的上皮细胞纯度为（93.2±0.6）%.构建的CD82腺病毒转染效率达到（92.0±4.5）%,转染原代培养的小鼠子宫内膜上皮细胞24 h后,RT-PCR检测发现CD82基因表达明显升高.转染48 h后,Western blot检测CD82蛋白水平明显升高.免疫细胞化学检测妊娠第4天的小鼠子宫内膜上皮细胞转染CD82腺病毒后,整合素αV、β3以及β-catenin的表达较未转染组均有明显上升（P<0.05）,但E-cadherin的表达量无明显变化（P>0.05）.结论 胚胎植入前,CD82可能影响小鼠子宫内膜上皮细胞内整合素αV、β3和β-catenin的蛋白表达.     

和颜坤泰胶囊对卵巢去势大鼠子宫形态及细胞凋亡的影响

[目的]研究和颜坤泰胶囊对卵巢去势模型大鼠子宫形态及细胞凋亡的影响。[方法]以雌性去势大鼠为动物模型,分为空白对照组,假手术组,模型组,补佳乐组,莉芙敏组,和颜坤泰胶囊8、4、2 g生药/kg剂量组。给药8周后,观察药物对子宫病理学的影响,检测子宫细胞凋亡率及Bcl-2 mRNA、Bax mRNA和蛋白的表达。[结果]和颜坤泰胶囊可增加去势大鼠子宫横截面及壁厚,肌层面积及厚度,内膜面积及厚度,上皮厚度和腺体数（P<0.01,P<0.05）;能降低去势大鼠子宫细胞的凋亡率（P<0.01,P<0.05）,升高子宫Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白的表达（P<0.01,P<0.05）,降低BaxmRNA和蛋白的表达（P<0.01,P<0.05）。[结论]和颜坤泰胶囊有一定的子宫营养作用,可通过调控Bcl-2和Bax基因与蛋白的表达来抑制子宫细胞的凋亡。     

雌?孕激素对牛子宫内膜上皮细胞αvβ3 体外诱导差异表达的影响

目的 研究体外培养的牛子宫上皮细胞内整合素αvβ3 基因诱导差异表达的变化,以期为探究牛子宫容受态的标志蛋白提供参考?方法 运用RT-PCR 方法分析不同浓度雌激素?孕激素以及雌?孕激素协同作用对牛子宫内膜上皮细胞中整合素αvβ3 的诱导表达变化情况?结果< /b> 单独添加孕激素10^-7 mg/ mL 时,整合素αvβ3表达量均最高,10 ^-7 mg/ mL 组内αv 和β3 的表达量均显著高于对照组( P < 0.05)?单独添加雌激素10 ^-10 mg/ mL组,αv 的表达量最高,而β3 的表达量最低?协同添加雌?孕激素组中,整合素αvβ3 的表达量均高于对照组,其中αv 的表达量显著高于对照组( P <0.05);β3 的表达量与对照组相比差异不显著( P >0.05)?结论 单独添加孕激素和协同使用雌?孕激素时,均可以促进牛子宫内膜上皮细胞中整合素αvβ3 的mRNA 表达量上升;单独添加雌激素的作用则与之相反?由此,整合素αvβ3 在“种植窗”期的牛子宫内膜上皮中可作为一个潜在的子宫容受态参考标志基因?     

PM2.5对大鼠子宫组织形态及氧化应激效应的影响

目的 探究PM_2.5对大鼠子宫组织生理及相关生化应激效应的影响。方法 将30只SD雌鼠随机分为3个不同PM_2.5暴露组（生理盐水对照组、1.5 mg/kg PM_2.5低剂量组和37.5 mg/kg PM_2.5高剂量组）。PM_2.5暴露10 d后,将雌鼠处死,HE染色观察子宫组织病理变化,并检测子宫组织中SOD、GSH、MDA和LDH含量。结果 与对照组相比,PM_2.5暴露组雌鼠子宫组织结构异常,内膜上皮细胞变薄,排列混乱;固有层基质细胞和血管减少。氧化应激指标检测结果显示,高剂量组MDA和LDH含量分别为（6.53±1.24） nmol/mg prot和（265.62±24.65） U/g prot,明显高于对照组（P<0.05）;高剂量组和低剂量组SOD和GSH含量均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 PM_2.5可对大鼠子宫组织形态造成破坏,并诱发子宫相关的氧化应激反应。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.