便携式低功耗12导联数字心电图机的设计

设计了一种基于数字信号处理器TMS320C5515和模拟采集前端ADS1298的便携式低功耗12导联数字心电图机。心电信号由模拟前端采集后送入TMS320C5515进行预处理并通过液晶模块实时显示。同时系统配置了大容量闪存芯片,可以长时间无压缩存储心电数据,也可以通过USB接口将心电数据传送至上位机,进行信号的离线分析和诊断。系统体积小．功耗低．精度高。     

基于智能手机平台的心电监测与管理系统设计与实现

目的 :为了便于在日常生活和工作环境下监测心电并将心电数据发送给医生进行诊断,设计并实现一种基于智能手机平台的心电监测与管理系统。方法:该系统包括心电采集装置与智能手机App 2个部分。心电采集装置以MSP430F149单片机为核心,采用右腿驱动、有源滤波器、双仪表放大器、移动平均算法等有效提取心电信号,采用差分阈值法准确检测R波并计算心率,利用蓝牙4.0模块将心电数据发送到智能手机。智能手机App的开发基于跨平台移动应用开发框架Cordova,利用Cordova插件、Java Script、HTML5、CSS实现接收心电采集装置发送的数据、绘制与保存心电图、显示心率和提示异常、记录与回放心电数据、通过移动医疗App与社交App将心电数据发送给医生等操作,使医生可查看和分析收到的心电数据并向用户反馈防治和就医建议。结果:与医院心电图机比较,心率、P波时限、QRS时限、QT时限相对误差分别为2.7%、4.5%、4.3%、3.3%,且这4个指标均具有显著相关性,相关系数分别为0.955、0.948、0.91、0.834,P值均小于0.05。该系统在充满电情况下可正常工作8 h。结论:该系统功耗低、准确性好、噪声低、成本低、体积小、质量轻、安全可靠、使用与维护简单,通过该系统可以及时掌握使用者的心电情况。     

可穿戴式无线低功耗心电记录仪的设计与实现

本文阐述了一种新型电极贴式无线低功耗动态心电记录仪的设计与实现过程。该心电记录仪主要由电极贴连接模块、心电前端、主控单元、蓝牙模块、无线充电模块、锂电池、稳压和电源管理模块组成,采用低功耗心电采集芯片ADS1191和低功耗单片机MSP430F2112组成信号采集电路,心电信号可通过蓝牙模块发送至手机端进行显示和分析;选用锂电池供电,可采用新型无线充电技术充电;无外置接口,具备防水功能,体积小、功耗低,可长时间记录单导联心电信号,适用于心电信号的日常实时监护。     

基于Android系统的心电传输与显示系统设计

目的:设计一种基于Andriod平台的心电监护、无线传输与手机显示系统,可用于家庭或社区范围内的心电监测.方法:首先通过心电采集模块提取被监测者的心电信号,然后利用MSP430F149单片机进行A/D转换并将转换后的数据文件适当处理后经串口发送至蓝牙模块,再无线传输至智能手机,存储在手机的安全数码卡(secure digital memory card,SD)上.智能手机端通过设计蓝牙的应用程序编程接口(application programming interface,API)开发类实现与下位机通信,可打开已存储的心电数据文件并绘制成心电波形图,观察心电图是否有明显异常.结果:该系统能正常采集到人体心电信号并无线传输至手机进行显示,无线传输距离为10 m.结论:该系统的设计有利于家庭其他成员或监护人员及时了解患者的心电状况,以实现对家庭患者的健康监护.     

人体心电心音信号定征分析系统设计

目的：设计人体动态心电心音信号定征分析系统。方法：设计了一套以内置A／D的单片机为控制核心,结合信号调理电路和USB通信接口传输的同步采集系统及VC＋＋6．0开发的心电心音定征分析系统,整个系统包括模拟电路、数字电路和PC客户定征分析软件等3个部分。结果：采用双通道、双采样率采集方法实现了动态心音和心电信号的同步采集、实时存储,并可从复杂的带噪原始信号中精确检测提取出心电信号的QRS波、P波、ST段等以及心音信号的各成分。结论：整个系统操作简便、测量准确、功耗低、体积小、数据分析处理功能强大,可在家庭和医院使用。     

基于CC2530的心电数据采集存储系统的设计和实现

目的:完成心电数据的实时采集、无线传输和分类存储,实现心电数据后期查询和重复使用,提高监护设备的移动性和广泛家用化。方法:通过2个手持电极采集的心电数据,经滤波放大后,通过CC2530单片机进行A/D转换和无线传输,集成Micro SD卡并植入文件系统实现心电数据的有效存储。结果:可以实时采集心电数据,并且能够实现分类存储,借助LabVIEW平台,实现心电波形显示。结论:将心电数据采集节点和存储节点分开实现,增强了系统的可扩展性。心电数据存储到Micro SD卡,便于随身携带和后期研究。     

便携式多通道脑电信号采集系统

该研究介绍了一种便携式多通道脑电信号采集系统,系统主要由脑电电极连接座、信号调理电路、脑电采集部分、主控MCU与电源部分组成,采用低功耗脑电采集前端ADS1299和STM32组成信号采集和数据通信部分,所采集的脑电信号可传输至PC端进行实时显示。经过相关测试、该系统体积小、功耗低、信噪比高,可满足便携式可穿戴医疗设备的要求。     

基于MSP430动态心电存储系统的设计

目的：解决动态心电图存储容量有限、波形不能实时显示的不便。方法：设计一种基于TI公司超低功耗混合信号处理器MSP430F149的动态心电数据实时存储、传输系统。结果：此系统由MSP430F149单片机、心电数据采集、LCD显示、SD卡存储、USB数据传输等部分组成,它能完成心电数据的实时采集、显示、大容量存储,以及心电数据的USB传输。结论：经临床初步实验,该仪器具有较强的抗干扰能力、性能稳定、功耗低、携带方便,应用前景广阔。     

基于网络计算的远程心电实时自动诊断系统设计

目的：解决多个远程心电监测终端实时数据传输问题。方法：通过无线局域网络管理多个心电采集终端。无线局域网通过WCDMA与数据中心服务器联结成广域网。结果：基于网络计算的远程心电实时自动诊断系统实现了心电数据实时采集与监控。结论：该系统切实可行地解决了远程心电监控中大量数据传输的带宽问题。     

基于C8051F020和PTR2000的无线心电监护系统的设计

介绍一种基于 C8051F020单片机和 PTR2000模块的心电采集和无线传输系统的设计.在单片机的控制下,对心电信号进行实时采集,采集到的心电数据以无线的方式传送到 PC机,由 PC进行处理和显示.该系统能对患者心电进行实时无线监护,允许患者在一定范围内自由活动.     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.