Giant Sigmoid Diverticulitis

Partial small bowel obstruction developed in a patient with associated giant sigmoid diverticulitis. This complication resulted from the wall of the diverticulum adhering to a loop of terminal ileum. Small bowel obstruction had not been observed in the 15 cases of giant sigmoid diverticula reported in the literature.     

Fecaloma of the sigmoid flexure

Summary and Conclusions Fecaloma of the distal portion of the colon occurs rarely, but it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any polypoid type of lesion. Often the diagnosis can be made from the clinical and radiologic features. In the beginning, therapy should be conservative, but surgical removal may be required. Obstruction of the colon, though a rare complication, may occur.     

Fecaloma treated with dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate

Digestive Diseases and Sciences - 1. The successful nonsurgical removal of a fecaloma impacted in the sigmoid colon with the aid of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate has been reported. 2. Dioctyl...     

Megacolon in rats

Four months of sigmoid colon intrinsic denervation of young male Wistar rats resulted in typical megacolon. Average 46.0% denervation of the Auerbach plexus was obtained by serosal application of benzalkonium chloride (0.2% v/v). Denervation was assessed by ganglion cell counts in a 480-nm extension of the treated segment. Increased thickness of the megacolon wall was due to muscle hypertrophy (+117.4%) and mucosal hyperplasia (+53.9%) as shown by morphometry. The potential usefulness of this experimental model is emphasized.     

Megacolon in adults

Summary In a series of 17 adult patients with megacolon, six seemed to have Hirschsprung’s disease. All were said to have had the disease in childhood and all had normal rectums, but biopsies were done in only two cases. One of the patients was treated conservatively, but he died of pneumonia two years later, and collapse of the lungs secondary to the distention of the colon appeared to be an important factor. Three patients had excellent results after sigmoidal colectomy. Pull-through excision (one case) may have been unnecessarily radical. Patients with idiopathic or acquired Hirschsprung’s disease have had less satisfactory results after surgery, and after sigmoidal colectomy in particular. If intensive medical treatment fails, total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis may be the best procedure.      

Campylobacter-Induced Toxic Megacolon

A case of a compromised host with myeloproliferative syndrome who presented with severe, relentless but nonbloody diarrhea, fever, severe colitis, and toxic megacolon is presented. Blood cultures grew out Campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus. Specific treatment with erythromycin reversed the grave clinical picture to normal in a 5-day period.     

Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation Controlled Successfully With Phenytoin

Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation. We describe a case of an individual with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation whose arrhythmias were successfully controlled with phenytoin therapy. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 22, pp. 472‐474)     

扩张型心肌病蛋白质组学研究

目的:通过蛋白质组学方法比较扩张型心肌病(DCM)患者和正常人心肌组织差异蛋白质谱,找出与DCM相关的差异蛋白,进一步探讨DCM发生的分子生物学机制。方法:选择9例原发病为DCM、左心室射血分数<35%且接受心脏移植手术的患者作为DCM组:心肌组织取自患者自有心脏的左心室游离壁。对照组:心肌组织取自6例不能用作移植的供体心脏。采用双向凝胶电泳(2-DE)分析蛋白质谱差异,热考马斯亮蓝染色,串联质谱(MS-MS)鉴定差异蛋白。采用生物医学研发软件及资料库Ingenuity PathwaysAnalysis分析差异蛋白的定位、功能和相互作用。结果:DCM组和对照组心肌组织2-DE图像中蛋白点的整体分布比较相似,可以检测到超过1 000个蛋白点。通过比较分析,共鉴定出25种差异蛋白,其中在DCM组15种上调,10种下调。使用LOCATE数据库分析差异蛋白的亚细胞定位,提示其中大分子蛋白占40%,细胞骨架蛋白为28%,线粒体蛋白为28%。蛋白的PANTHER分类显示大多数差异蛋白参与了细胞的结构、肌肉收缩、钙离子转运和水解酶的活性等功能。生物学途径分类揭示差异蛋白参与了组织的形成过程、生物调节、发育过程、代谢过程和对刺激的应答过程等。结论:对DCM患者心肌组织蛋白质组学研究发现25种差异蛋白,其中上调表达的蛋白有15种,下调表达的有10种;这些蛋白参与了线粒体能量代谢、心肌收缩、凋亡等过程;提示这些过程可能在DCM发生发展中发挥重要作用。