关节镜下内引流联合或不联合囊壁切除治疗腘窝囊肿临床疗效的Meta分析

目的运用Meta分析的方法探讨比较关节镜下内引流联合或不联合囊壁切除两种术式治疗腘窝囊肿的临床疗效。 方法使用计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、EMBASE、中国知网和万方等数据库,检索时间从2016年08月到2021年08月,检索内容为关节镜下内引流联合或不联合囊壁切除治疗腘窝囊肿的临床对照研究。依据纳入标准及排除标准选取检索文献,然后采用Newcastle Ottawa Scale（NOS）文献质量评价量表及Cochrane手册中偏倚评估标准对纳入文献资料进行质量评估。应用Review Manager5.4软件对汇编的数据结果进行分析,比较关节镜下内引流联合或不联合囊壁切除两种术式治疗腘窝囊肿的临床疗效差异。 结果最终纳入9项研究,共494例患者,其中关节镜下内引流组256例,关节镜下内引流联合囊壁切除组248例。Meta分析结果显示：关节镜下单纯内引流组术后Lysholm评分[MD=-0.49,（95% CI：-2.09,1.11）,P=0.55]、术后Rauschning-Lindgren分级[OR=0.54,（95% CI：0.28,1.04）,P=0.06]及住院时间[MD=-0.29,（95% CI：-0.73,0.14）,P=0.19]均与关节镜下内引流联合囊壁切除组无差异;内引流组术后并发症发生率低于囊壁切除组[OR=0.26,（95% CI：0.10,0.65）,P=0.004],内引流组手术时间[MD=-11.72,（95% CI：-13.69,-9.76）,P<0.01]及手术切口长度[MD=-5.94,（95% CI：-11.05,-0.83）,P=0.02]均短于囊壁切除组,而囊壁切除组术后复发率则低于内引流组[OR=3.32,（95% CI：1.82,6.06）,P<0.01],两者差异有统计学意义。 结论关节镜下内引流联合或不联合囊壁切除治疗腘窝囊肿临床结果都较满意,与关节镜下单纯内引流相比,联合囊壁切除术后复发率更低,但术后并发症的发生率较高、手术时间较长。     

改良张力支具对肱骨髁间骨折患者术后功能康复的临床效果评价

目的探讨改良张力支具对肱骨髁间骨折患者术后功能康复的临床效果评价。 方法回顾性分析本院采用切开复位内固定术治疗的40例肱骨髁间骨折患者的资料。单纯采用普通固定支具进行功能锻炼的为对照组（21例）,采用改良张力支具进行功能锻炼的为观察组（19例）。比较两组患者术后去除支具和末次随访时肘关节屈曲度、肘关节背伸度、前臂旋前度、前臂旋后度和Mayo肘关节功能评分,以评定改良张力支具的疗效。 结果所有患者术后均获得随访,平均随访13.79个月。观察组与对照组相比,术后去除支具时肘关节屈伸活动度[（104.47±12.37）° vs.（88.85±8.10）°,P<0.001],差异有统计学意义;肘关节旋转活动度[（140.31±16.87）° vs.（135.66±12.86）°,P=0.331],差异无统计学意义;肘关节Mayo评分[（78.84±5.04）分vs.（73.80±4.46）分,P=0.002],差异有统计学意义。末次随访时肘关节屈伸活动度[（107.52±12.30）° vs.（93.00±8.47）°,P<0.001],差异有统计学意义;肘关节旋转活动度[（141.42±17.02）° vs.（137.19±12.80）°,P=0.37],差异无统计学意义;肘关节Mayo评分[（80.15±5.24）分vs.（74.95±4.18）分,P=0.001],差异有统计学意义。 结论术后使用改良张力支具可以改善肱骨髁间骨折患者的屈伸活动度和肘关节功能。     

Long-term results of an unloader brace in patients with unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis

Previously, we reported a prospective study of 30 patients with unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee treated nonoperatively with an unloader brace and average follow-up of 2.7 years. Although the initial study suggested short-term benefit according to pain and function measures, the objective of the current study was to evaluate these same patients via telephone questionnaire to determine the status of their brace use and any surgical procedures on the affected limb. Because we noted that even at 2.7 years, some patients opted for surgical management despite good response to bracing, our hypothesis was that these patients would not opt for long-term brace wear. Twenty-four of 30 patients were available for reporting based on telephone interview; in addition, we talked with family members of 5 patients who had died. When evaluated at 2.7 years, 41% of the 30 patients were still using the brace, 35% had discontinued brace use, and 24% had undergone arthroplasty. When contacted for the follow-up survey at an average of 11.2 years, 17 (58.6%) of the 29 patients had undergone arthroplasty. The mean interval between initial evaluation and arthroplasty was 3.9 years. In addition, 7 patients had undergone arthroscopic surgery. Importantly, none of the patients were still wearing the brace. The use of an unloader brace is effective in providing short-term pain relief and improved function; however, most patients subsequently opt for total knee replacement on the symptomatic knee.     

无内固定前路手术治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨不加任何内固定手术治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱的可行性,评估复位率、融合率以及疗效,以帮助无能力支付内固定物费用的患者.方法选择Meyerding法Ⅱ°以内的峡部裂腰椎滑脱症36例,经前路腹膜外减压、复位,21例自体髂骨块2块,15例深低温异体骨圈复合自体松质骨,做椎体间嵌植融合,术后离床活动,支具外固定3～6个月.结果35例随访1～10年,复位率Ⅱ°者＞50%,Ⅰ°者超过85%.除1例骨块向前移位吸收需二期手术外,余34例获得骨性融合,融合率97.1%,优良率94.3%,每例节省费用2～3万元.结论无内固定前路手术可以安全、可靠治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ°峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症.     

Meniscus repair: results of an arthroscopic technique

A prospective study of arthroscopically repaired peripheral meniscal tears in 24 patients (19 men and five women) was initiated in 1983. Two patients were lost to follow-up. Seventeen medial and five lateral tears were followed an average of 29 months (15-42 months) with 17 having clinically apparent healing (77%). Sixteen had ACL tears, 10 of which were stabilized. Thirteen of 16 stable knees healed their menisci (81%), whereas only 4 of 6 unstable knees had healed menisci (67%). Fifteen were acute tears repaired within 2 weeks of injury, and 7 were chronic tears. Four acutely repaired menisci failed. One lateral meniscus tore in the previously sutured site 12 months later, whereas 1 medial meniscus tore 24 months after repair in a new area associated with significant trauma. Repair of a longitudinal peripheral meniscal tear permits salvage of this structure in a high percentage of cases. No serious complications such as peroneal nerve or popliteal vascular damage occurred. Transient saphenous neuropraxia (22%) and posterior portal adhesions (9%) were temporary problems. The procedure is recommended only for the advanced arthroscopist, who is advised first to establish the anatomical relationships clearly by cadaver dissections.     

前交叉韧带重建中股骨隧道过短者的临床疗效

目的 :观察前交叉韧带重建中股骨隧道过短者的临床疗效。方法 :自2013年5月至2017年6月,采用Transportal技术单束重建前交叉韧带128例,其中32例出现股骨隧道过短纳入本组。男13例,女19例;年龄25.8(17～43)岁;病史(4.5±1.1)个月。在关节镜下以自体腘绳肌腱Transportal技术单束重建前交叉韧带。术后观察患者症状体征变化,测量患者胫骨前移度,并以Lysholm评分和Tegner评分评价膝关节术后功能。结果:经CT测量,32例患者股骨隧道长度为(27.34±0.36) mm。所有患者术后获2年以上随访。终末随访时,32例患者术膝轴移试验阴性30例,阳性2例;Lachman征阴性28例,Ⅰ度阳性4例;前抽屉试验阴性30例,Ⅰ度阳性1例,Ⅱ度阳性1例。胫骨前移度比健侧增加(2.6±1.8) mm,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=19.77,P0.05)。Lysholm评分(82.2±6.1)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=17.33,P=0.001);Lysholm评分优15例,良10例,中7例,差0例,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(z=-7.151,P0.05)。Tegner运动功能评分(7.4±0.6)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=9.11,P=0.000 5)。术后患者膝关节运动能力明显提高,12例能参加对抗性体育运动,15例能参加非对抗性运动。15例对疗效非常满意,13例对疗效满意。结论:采用Transportal技术单束重建前交叉韧带发生股骨隧道过短的发生率为25%,目前临床观察短隧道患者的临床疗效尚可接受。但由于缺乏对照研究,隧道过短对疗效的影响作用尚不明确。     

关节镜下修补半月板桶柄样撕裂的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨关节镜下修补半月板桶柄样撕裂的临床疗效.方法 关节镜下对61例63个桶柄样撕裂的半月板行修补手术,男38例,女23例;年龄16～47岁,平均27岁.内侧半月板后体部至前体部区域撕裂及外侧半月板胴肌腱前方区域撕裂采用标准的白内向外缝合技术;内侧半月板后角区域撕裂采用经两个后内侧入路的全关节内缝合技术;外侧半月板后角区域撕裂采用经前方关节镜入路的全关节内缝合技术.结果 61例63个半月板随访时间24～66个月,平均38个月.其中51例(53个半月板)行二次关节镜检.44个半月板(83%)完全愈合,5个半月板(9.4%)部分愈合,4个半月板(7.5%)不愈合.61例患者均进行临床评估,其中53例(87%)无临床症状,4例(6.5%)有部分临床症状,4例(6.5%)绞锁复发.总体评估:失效率为7.9%(5/63),成功率92.1%(包括完全愈合、部分愈合、无临床症状及部分临床症状者).结论 对于发生在红一红区或红一白区的半月板桶柄样撕裂,采用多种缝合技术进行牢靠的修补缝合,并且与前十字韧带重建同期进行,可以获得约92%的成功率.     

Long-term results of arthroscopic partial lateral meniscectomy in knees without associated damage

We evaluated the outcome of partial lateral meniscectomy of 31 knees in 29 patients whose knees were otherwise normal. The mean follow-up was 10.3 years. According to the Lysholm score, 14 knees were rated as excellent, four as good, five as fair and eight as poor, with a mean score of 80.5 points. Radiologically, only one lateral compartment was classified as grade 0, eight as grade 1, nine as grade 2, 11 as grade 3, and two as grade 4 according to Tapper and Hoover. No significant (p < 0.05) correlation was found between the amount of tissue resected and the subjective, clinical and radiological outcome. Although early results of lateral meniscectomy may be satisfactory, we have demonstrated that in the long term there was a high incidence of degenerative changes, a high rate of reoperation (29%) and a relatively low functional outcome score.     

Clinical and ultrasound results after arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff

The literature reports good functional results obtained with arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff, but the incidence of anatomical healing has not been sufficiently studied. Ultrasound examination makes it possible to accurately document the healing process of the tendon at the bone, gathering information that may be useful in a comparison with clinical data. A total of 43 consecutive arthroscopic repairs of rotator cuff injuries were considered, that had made use of anchors and non-resorbable suturing. A total of 42 patients were willing to undergo clinical monitoring with an associated ultrasound examination after 3, 6 and 12 months. When ultrasound examination after 6 and 12 months was carried out, 36 patients presented with anatomical healing of the rotator cuff. The total percentage of repair failures was 14.3% and increased to 23% if we take into consideration the subscapular tendon alone. Constant score went from a preoperative mean of 51.25 to a mean of 78.21 after 12 months (p<0.001). Arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff leads to anatomical healing of the tendons in a high percentage of cases, obtaining good functional results. The absence of healing is associated with lower values for recovery of strength at clinical follow-up. The advanced age of the patients (p<0.001) and the extensive injuries that involve several tendons (p=0.002) are negative prognostic factors.     

Ten to 20-year clinical results after short esophagomyotomy without an antireflux procedure (modified Heller operation) for esophageal achalasia.

To determine the long-term clinical results after modified esophagomyotomy without an antireflux procedure for esophageal achalasia, the status of all patients undergoing this operation with a minimum follow-up time of 10 years was reviewed; 81 such patients were operated on between January 1970 and January 1981. Thirteen patients were lost to follow-up review permitting clinical evaluation during the past year of 68 patients (84%) observed for a median of 13.6 years. Fifty-nine patients (87%) were improved by operation; 90% of the patients who underwent a primary procedure were improved, whereas only 73% of patients undergoing reoperation benefited. Kaplan-Meier analysis of the results of all 81 patients disclosed an improvement rate of 98.5% at 5 years, 95.6% at 10 years, 85.8% at 15 years, and 67.3% at 20 years. When the level of improvement or lack thereof was analyzed, the percentage of excellent results decreased from 54% to 32% (P = 0.02). The percentage of good results remained the same, whereas fair or poor results together increased from 20% to 37% (P = 0.05). Neither age, sex, esophageal caliber, duration of symptoms, or previous therapy appeared to influence these results. We conclude that limited esophagomyotomy without an antireflux procedure results in persistent long-term improvement for the patient with esophageal achalasia. The level of improvement, however, decreases with the passage of time, presumably because of persistent disease in the body of the esophagus leading to impaired esophageal emptying in some patients and late reflux esophagitis in other patients owing to poor esophageal clearance.     

Improving results of the modified Fontan operation in patients with heterotaxy syndrome

BACKGROUND: Historically the Fontan operation in patients with single ventricle heterotaxy syndrome and atrial isomerism has been associated with high mortality. We studied whether recent modifications of the surgical technique have improved outcome. METHODS: A retrospective review of 135 patients with heterotaxy syndrome who underwent a Fontan operation between 1981 and 2000 was performed. RESULTS: There were 93 patients with right isomerism and 42 with left isomerism. Anomalies of venous return included 25 patients with extracardiac pulmonary venous connection (19%) and 37 patients with an interrupted inferior vena cava (27%). Thirty-six patients (27%) had at least moderate atrioventricular valve regurgitation. The type of Fontan procedure included 17 patients with an atriopulmonary Fontan connection, 67 with a lateral tunnel modification, 19 with an intraatrial tube graft, 25 with an extracardiac tubegraft, and 7 with an intra-extra atrial tube graft. A fenestration was placed in 93 patients (78%). Early mortality was 19% before 1991, 3% since 1991, and no patient has died early since 1993. Ten-year survivals were 70% for Fontan operations before 1990 and 93% for Fontan operations after 1990. Thirty-two patients (23%) had prolonged pleural effusions. Risk factors for death included anomalous pulmonary venous connection (p = 0.02) and higher preoperative pulmonary vascular resistance (p = 0.002). Sixty-two patients (47%) had some form of early postoperative arrhythmia. At 10 years, freedom from late bradyarrhythmia and late tachyarrhythmia were 78% and 70%, respectively. Preoperative arrhythmias, older age at operation, and anatomic features were each independent predictors of late arrhythmia. CONCLUSIONS: The Fontan operation can now be performed in patients with heterotaxy syndrome with excellent survival. However, morbidity in terms of postoperative arrhythmias and prolonged pleural effusions remains significant. Fontan staging, appropriate choice of Fontan modification, aggressive treatment of concomitant malformations, and use of a baffle fenestration contribute to improved outcome.     

关节镜手术与传统切开手术治疗膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎疗效分析

[目的]探讨两种不同手术方法治疗膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的优缺点。[方法]回顾性总结28例患者的治疗经过及效果,采用传统切开治疗16例,关节镜下治疗12例。[结果]术前Lysholm膝关节功能评分结果为关节镜组(36.09±5.35)分,切开组(35.76±4.63)分;国际膝关节评分委员会(IKDC)膝关节功能主观评分结果为关节镜组(59.37±5.20)分,切开组(58.46±4.90)分;最后随访时Lysholm膝关节功能评分结果为关节镜组(88.41±5.61)分,切开组(78.36±5.17)分;IKDC膝关节功能主观评分结果为关节镜组(89.62±4.20)分,切开组(79.32±5.30)分(P<0.01)。关节镜组与切开组相比,手术时间、引流量、出血量、住院时间及屈膝90°所需时间均明显减少(P<0.01)。关节镜下治疗PVS优良率为83.3%,传统切开手术治疗PVS优良率为75.0%;术后随访6个月~5 a,两组均有复发病例。[结论]关节镜手术具有创伤小、并发症少、准确观察病变范围和钳取病理组织以及术后关节功能恢复快的优点。     

Treatment of symptomatic spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis with the modified Boston brace

Sixty-seven persons with symptomatic spondylolysis or grade 1 spondylolisthesis were treated with the modified Boston brace. The average age was 16.0 years, and the average follow-up was 2.5 years. Following treatment, 52 persons (78%) had either an excellent or good result with no pain and returned to full activities. Nine (13%) continued to have mild symptoms, and six (9%) subsequently required fusion in situ. Twelve of the patients showed radiographic evidence of healing of their pars defect(s). This group and those with the best overall results tended to be men with spondylolysis and relatively acute onset of symptoms. Age, delay in treatment, spina bifida, and bone scan result did not correlate with the ultimate clinical result.     

Mid-term results of arthroscopic subacromial decompression in patients with or without partial thickness rotator cuff tears

Aim:

To evaluate mid-term outcome in patients who underwent arthroscopic subacromial decompression (ASD) for shoulder impingement syndrome with intact and partially torn rotator cuffs.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 80 consecutive patients (83 shoulders) who underwent ASD for impingement syndrome between 2003 and 2006 were analyzed. Mean age was 57.1 years. Patients’ self-reported Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) for pain was collected prospectively and was used as an instrument to measure surgical outcome.

Results:

The mean initial and final OSS for patients with an intact rotator cuff was 26.1 and 40.3, respectively, at a mean follow up of 71.9 months (nearly 7 years). The mean initial and final OSS for patients with a partially torn articular sided tear was 22.6 and 41.9, respectively, at mean follow up of 70.7 months. Both groups showed significant sustained improvement (P < 0.0001). The mean improvement of OSS following ASD was statistically greater (P < 0.03) for partially torn rotator cuff group (19.3 points) as compared to those with normal rotator cuff (14.2 points).

Conclusion:

Patients with dual pathology (partial rotator cuff tear and impingement) appreciated a significantly greater improvement following ASD compared to those with impingement alone. Both groups of patients had a similar final outcome at a mid-term follow up.

Level of Evidence:

IV, retrospective study on consecutive series of patients.     

Clinical results of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in diabetic and non-diabetic patients

BackgroundAlthough the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) have been reported, few studies have focused on diabetic patients. We investigated and compared the clinical results of ARCR in patients with and without diabetes.MethodsThis retrospective study involved 195 consecutive patients who underwent ARCR from 2015 to 2018 in our hospital. Twenty-seven and 168 shoulders were assigned to diabetes and non-diabetes groups, respectively. Diabetic patients with poor control were preoperatively hospitalized for perioperative diabetic control. We evaluated range of motion (ROM), Japanese Orthopaedic Association shoulder (JOA) score, Constant Shoulder Score, and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) score preoperatively and at 6 months and 1 year post-ARCR. Rates of rotator cuff retear 1 year post-ARCR and preoperative and postoperative stiff shoulder were also evaluated. We compared the results between groups and analyzed them statistically. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsPreoperative ROM, JOA score, Constant Shoulder Score and UCLA scores showed significant improvement at post-ARCR in both groups (p < 0.05). On comparing the groups, although preoperative JOA score and Constant Shoulder Score were significantly lower in diabetes group than in non-diabetes group (diabetic/non-diabetic group; 60.0/65.3 for JOA score; p = 0.003, 59.7/64.2 for Constant Shoulder Score; p = 0.003), there was no significant difference postoperatively (6 months post-ARCR; 88.0/89.7 for JOA score; p = 0.783, 88.1/88.6 for Constant Shoulder Score; p = 0.597, 1 year post-ARCR; 96.7/95.4 for JOA score; p = 0.238, 96.6/95.4 for Constant Shoulder Score; p = 0.248). Furthermore, preoperative and postoperative stiff shoulder and retear rates were not significantly different between groups (p = 0.152, p = 0.344, p = 0.347, and p = 0.563, respectively).ConclusionDiabetic patients showed comparable clinical results with non-diabetic patients post-ARCR. Perioperative diabetic control may be recommended for preoperatively uncontrolled diabetic patients.     

全关节镜下手术治疗骨性Bankart损伤的术后疗效分析

目的 探讨肩关节镜下金属缝合锚钉固定治疗骨性Bankart损伤的术后疗效.方法 2004年5月至2008年5月共收治45例存在肩关节骨性Bankart损伤的患者,均应用全关节镜下复位,金属缝合锚钉固定术治疗.其中男性40例,女性5例.手术时平均年龄27.6岁(16.5～50.1岁),平均随访时间29.7个月(24.8～...     

Clinical outcome of arthroscopic management of popliteal cysts with or without additional posterior open cystectomy

Purpose

The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic decompression of popliteal cysts and simultaneous management of intra-articular pathologies alone or in combination with posterior open cystectomy.

Material and methods

This study included 65 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of popliteal cysts. Of the patients 31 received arthroscopy alone (arthroscopic decompression of cysts and management of intra-articular pathologies, AA group) and 34 received arthroscopy combined with open cystectomy (AO group). At the last follow-up after a mean of 33.3 months, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed to assess the outcomes of cysts and functional scores. The Lysholm score and Rauschning and Lindgren grade were used for clinical evaluation.

Results

The procedure in the AA group took less time to perform and resulted in less postoperative complications in the perioperative period. At the last follow-up, no significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of the Lysholm score or Rauschning and Lindgren grade (P?>?0.05). The results of MRI showed that the cysts disappeared in 17 (55%) patients, reduced in 9 (29%) patients and persisted in 5 (16%) patients in the AA group, and disappeared in 29 (85%) patients, reduced in 4 (12%) patients and persisted in 1 (3%) patients in the AO group, which was significantly different (P?<?0.05). In the AA group 6 patients and 1 in the AO group were grade 2 or 3 and needed a second operation (arthroscopy combined with open cystectomy), which was significantly different (P?<?0.05).

Conclusion

In comparison to arthroscopic decompression of cysts and management of intra-articular pathologies alone, the additional posterior open cystectomy reduced the recurrence of popliteal cysts, although it took longer to perform and brought more perioperative complications.