雄激素受体在乳腺癌中的表达及其与雌、孕激素受体和HER2的关系

目的 研究雄激素受体(AR)在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及其与雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)和HER2状态的关系,探讨其作为乳腺癌治疗靶点的可行性.方法 采用免疫组织化学EnVision法检测AR、ER、PR、HER2在175例乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达,依据结果分为腺腔A型、腺腔B型、HER2过表达型和三阴性型(ER-/PR-/HER2-)组.结果 175例中AR阳性88例(50.3%),AR表达与ER、PR、HER2均呈正相关(P＜0.01).腺腔A型53例(30.3%),腺腔B型33例(18.9%),HER2过表达型23例(13.1%),三阴性型66例(37.7%),AR阳性率分别为56.6%(30/53),75.8%(25/33)、47.8%(11/23)和33.3%(22/66),组间AR阳性率差异显著(x2=17.054,P=0.001).三阴性型组AR阳性者核分裂象较少(x2=5.140,P=0.023),腺腔A型组AR阳性者多为年轻患者(x2=4.567,P=0.033),差异有统计学意义.其他组内AR表达与否和临床病理学特征比较无统计学意义.结论 AR在乳腺癌中有较高的阳性率,可作为乳腺癌,特别是三阴性型乳腺癌的治疗靶点.     

雄激素受体在乳腺癌中的表达及其与雌、孕激素受体和HER2的关系

目的 研究雄激素受体(AR)在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及其与雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)和HER2状态的关系,探讨其作为乳腺癌治疗靶点的可行性.方法 采用免疫组织化学EnVision法检测AR、ER、PR、HER2在175例乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达,依据结果分为腺腔A型、腺腔B型、HER2过表达型和三阴性型(ER-/PR-/HER2-)组.结果 175例中AR阳性88例(50.3%),AR表达与ER、PR、HER2均呈正相关(P＜0.01).腺腔A型53例(30.3%),腺腔B型33例(18.9%),HER2过表达型23例(13.1%),三阴性型66例(37.7%),AR阳性率分别为56.6%(30/53),75.8%(25/33)、47.8%(11/23)和33.3%(22/66),组间AR阳性率差异显著(x2=17.054,P=0.001).三阴性型组AR阳性者核分裂象较少(x2=5.140,P=0.023),腺腔A型组AR阳性者多为年轻患者(x2=4.567,P=0.033),差异有统计学意义.其他组内AR表达与否和临床病理学特征比较无统计学意义.结论 AR在乳腺癌中有较高的阳性率,可作为乳腺癌,特别是三阴性型乳腺癌的治疗靶点.     

AR在ER阳性和阴性乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨雄激素受体(androgen receptor, AR)在ER阳性和阴性乳腺癌中的表达及其与临床病理特征、预后的关系。方法 收集270例浸润性乳腺癌患者的临床病理资料，将ER分成阳性组与阴性组。分析两组AR表达与乳腺癌临床病理特征及多种蛋白标志物的关系，并复习相关文献。使用Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库对AR在乳腺癌患者的预后价值进行分析。结果 270例浸润性乳腺癌患者AR阳性率为78.5%。AR与ER、PR、HER-2、CK5/6、组织学分级、Ki-67增殖指数、神经侵犯及脉管侵犯有关(P<0.05)。ER阳性组中AR阳性率(88.1%)高于ER阴性组(60.2%)。进一步分析发现ER阳性组中AR与组织学分级及CK5/6阳性有关(P<0.05);ER阴性组中AR与HER-2、CK5/6、组织学分级、神经侵犯、脉管侵犯、淋巴结转移及pTNM分期有关(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier Plotter预后分析发现，ER阳性组中AR高表达者总生存期显著高于低表达者，而ER阴性组中AR高表达者总生存期低于低表达者(P<0.05)。结论 ...     

乳腺癌中雄激素受体的表达及与雌激素、孕激素受体表达的关系

目的 研究乳腺癌组织中雄激素受体(AR)表达的意义及其与雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)表达的关系.方法 应用免疫组化染色检测200例乳腺癌中AR及ER、PR的表达,并结合相关临床病理指标进行比较分析.结果 乳腺癌组织中有113例表达AR,121例表达ER,109例表达PR.在肿瘤＜2cm者中AR阳性率为66.67％(42/63),肿瘤2～5cm者中AR表达率为55.17％ (64/116),肿瘤＞5cm者AR表达率为33.33％(7/21).组织学分级Ⅰ级者肿瘤AR阳性表达率为67.8％(36/53),组织学分级Ⅱ级及Ⅲ级者肿瘤AR的阳性表达率分别为56.5％(61/108)及36.11％(13/36),Ⅰ级及Ⅲ级间比较差异有统计学意义(P =0.0031);AR表达差异与淋巴转移无相关性.AR在乳腺癌中的表达与ER的表达相关(P＜0.001),而与PR的表达无关(P=0.3280).结论 AR高表达的乳腺癌可能具有较好的预后.     

性激素结合球蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨性激素结合球蛋白(sex hormone-binding globulin,SHBG)在乳腺癌中的表达及意义.方法 采用免疫组化EnVision法检测SHBG、AR、ER在83乳腺癌中的表达,每例标本中均包括浸润性乳腺癌(invasive breast carcinoma,IBC)和原位癌(carcinoma in situ,CIS)组织.结果 CIS及IBC中SHBG表达与AR、ER无相关性,CIS中SHBG阳性68例(81.9%),IBC中阳性53例(61.9%),两者差异有显著性(P=0.007),AR、ER阳性乳腺癌中表达SHBG者临床分期低,差异有显著性(P值分别为0.049和0.013),SHBG阳性的乳腺癌中AR、ER均阳性者组织学分级低,差异有显著性(P=0.000).结论 AR、ER阳性乳腺癌中SHBG具有抑制肿瘤增殖的作用,其表达缺失可能参与了激素依赖性乳腺癌的进程.     

乳腺癌中ERα、PR的表达与预后关系及其影响阳性率的相关因素

目的分析乳腺癌中ERα、PR的阳性率与预后的关系,探讨影响ERα、PR阳性率的相关因素。方法采用免疫组化En Vision法检测662例乳腺癌组织中ERα、PR的表达,按不同阳性率分组,Kaplan-Meier法分析预后。选择其中的80例采用两种克隆号ERα(SP1、6F11)染色并由一位高年资医师判读,以分析不同克隆号对阳性率的影响;选择其中的214例ERα(SP1)由三位不同年资医师采用Allred score、H score两种判读系统分别判读,以观察不同判读系统及医师经验对阳性率的影响。一致性采用Kappa检验。结果生存分析显示,ERα、PR低阳性组无病生存率(disease-free survival,DFS)、总生存率(overall survival,OS)均优于阴性组(DFS:P=0.021、0.003)、(OS:P=0.019、0.003),ERα、PR高阳性组DFS、OS均优于低阳性组(DFS:P=0.011、0.002)、(OS:P=0.012、0.005)。浸润性癌非特指型、浸润性小叶癌、导管原位癌ERα阳性率分别为59.5%、78.9%、63.6%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.002),PR阳性率分别为56.3%、68.9%、59.1%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.079)。不同组织学分级的浸润性癌非特指型ERα、PR阳性率差异有统计学意义(P均0.001)。不同核级导管原位癌ERα、PR阳性率差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。克隆号SP1阳性细胞百分率、染色强度均优于6F11;判读系统H score重复性略优于Allred score;高年资医师间阳性细胞百分率、染色强度判读重复性好(κ=0.850,κ=0.824),而高年资和低年资医师之间重复性均较差(0.4κ0.75);阳性细胞百分率估计法与计数法重复性较差(κ=0.726)。结论 ERα、PR不同阳性细胞百分率与患者预后密切相关,影响ERα、PR阳性率的因素包括病理类型、组织学分级、核分级、抗体的选择、判读系统及判读医师间的差异等。     

性激素受体在直肠癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨直肠癌中雌激素受体α(ERα)、雌激素受体β(ERβ)、雄激素受体(AR)、孕激素受体(PR)的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学Envi-sion二步法检测ERα、ERβ、AR、PR在60例直肠癌和癌旁组织及30例正常直肠黏膜组织中的表达,并分析其与直肠癌临床病理特征的关系。结果:直肠癌与癌旁组织及正常直肠黏膜组织中均未见ERα阳性表达;直肠癌组织中ERβ和PR阳性表达显著低于癌旁组织和正常直肠黏膜(P0.05),后两者间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);直肠癌中AR阳性表达显著高于与癌旁组织及正常直肠黏膜组织(P0.05),后两者间比较差异无统计学意义。ERβ和PR在直肠癌组织中的表达与TNM分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移、浸润程度和肝转移密切相关(P0.01),而与年龄、性别、肿瘤直径及病理类型无关(P0.05)。AR在直肠癌组织中的表达与其临床病理学特征指标均无关(P0.05)。结论:ERβ和PR在直肠癌组织中表达缺失,可能参与直肠癌的发生,且与直肠癌的恶性生物学行为有关;而AR的表达可能也参与了直肠癌的发生,但其对直肠癌的恶性生物学行为的作用不明显。     

乳腺癌中CD47的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨CD47在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测217例乳腺癌组织芯片和40例乳腺良性病变组织中CD47蛋白的表达,分析其表达与乳腺癌临床病理特征、肿瘤复发及生存率的关系。结果乳腺癌组织中CD47蛋白表达水平显著高于乳腺良性病变组织(P0.01),且其表达与乳腺癌TNM分期、组织学分级、ER、PR表达明显相关(P均0.05);与患者年龄、绝经状态、HER-2表达情况无显著相关(P均0.05)。CD47蛋白在复发组中的阳性率明显高于未复发组(P0.05),是乳腺癌复发的特征之一。此外,CD47蛋白阳性的乳腺癌患者5年无瘤生存率低于其阴性的乳腺癌患者,但差异无显著性(P0.05)。结论 CD47在乳腺癌组织中高表达,与患者的TNM分期、组织学分级、ER、PR表达及其肿瘤复发均相关,检测其表达具有一定临床意义。     

Artemin在三阴性乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 初步分析和探讨三阴性乳腺癌患者artemin表达情况,及其对疾病预后的价值.方法 选取我院肿瘤科2005年7月至2009年7月收治的149例浸润性乳腺癌患者为研究对象,根据ER、PR和HER-2免疫组化检测结果,将其分成三阴性乳腺癌组和非三阴性乳腺癌组,采用RT-PCR和免疫组织化学方法检测artemin在两组患者肿瘤组织中的表达情况,并分析artemin在不同组织学分级、临床分期和N分期三阴乳腺癌组患者中表达情况.结果 三阴性乳腺癌组免疫组化artemin阳性表达率为79.22％ (61/77),高于非三阴性乳腺癌组患者25.00％ (18/72),差异有统计学意义(x2=5.170,P =0.006);三阴性乳腺癌组artemin mRNA表达量为(3.36±0.04)×103 copies/mL,非三阴性乳腺癌组患者为(2.52±0.06)×103copies/mL,两组差异有统计学意义(x2=3.416,P=0.04);三阴性乳腺癌患者中artemin表达率与组织学分级、临床分期和N分期相关,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而与就诊年龄、恶性肿瘤家族史、肿瘤长径以及绝经状态无关(P＞0.05).结论 三阴性乳腺癌患者的artemin表达率显著高于非三阴性乳腺癌患者,artemin在三阴性乳腺癌组织中的表达与组织学分级、临床分期和N分期密切相关,临床检测artemin可以对患者疾病的发展和预后判断提供重要的依据.     

一种新型转移诱导蛋白AGR2在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床和预后意义

目的 研究转移诱导蛋白AGR2在人乳腺癌中表达和意义及其与患者预后的关系.方法 采用组织芯片,应用免疫组织化学方法检测160例乳腺癌和20例乳腺良性病变组织AGR2表达,以及乳腺癌ERα、PR和HER2表达状况,并用Kaplan-Meier曲线法和Log-rank检验对有随访资料的127例进行与AGR2的相关性分析.结果 乳腺癌AGR2表达量较乳腺良性病变显著性增高(68.3%和25.0%,P＜0.01);AGR2表达与乳腺癌组织学分级呈负相关(P＜0.05),与乳腺癌ERα和PR表达呈正相关(分别为P＜0.05和P＜0.01);Logistic回归模型显示AGR2和TNM分期是ERa阳性乳腺癌淋巴结转移重要的影响因子(均P＜0.01);Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示ERα阳性乳腺癌患者中,AGR2阳性患者总生存率和无复发生存率均显著低于阴性患者(均P＜0.01),COX比例风险模型分析也证实AGR2蛋白表达是ERα阳性乳腺癌患者独立的预后影响因子(P＜0.01).结论 AGR2表达异常可能参与了乳腺癌的发生、发展过程,该机制可能部分依赖雌激素受体途径发挥其诱导肿瘤转移作用.AGR2可能是一个潜在的分子标记物,对雌激素受体阳性乳腺癌患者的预后评估有一定提示作用.     

Androgen receptor expression in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: relation to oestrogen and progesterone receptors

AIMS: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast has been diagnosed increasingly since the advent of mammographic screening. In contrast to the situation in invasive breast carcinoma, there are no reports on androgen receptor (AR) status in DCIS and few reports on oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors. METHODS: AR expression was examined in 57 cases of DCIS of the breast and correlated to the degree of differentiation and ER/PR status using immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: AR positivity was noted in 19 of the cases, whereas the other 38 cases were negative. There was no significant association between AR expression and the degree of differentiation of DCIS; three of the 13 well differentiated DCIS cases, 10 of the 19 intermediately differentiated cases, and six of the 25 poorly differentiated cases were positive (p = 0.093). However, a strong association was shown between the expression of ER (p < 0.0001) and PR (p = 0.002) and the degree of differentiation of DCIS. In addition, no significant association was found between the expression of AR and the expression of ER (p = 0.26) or PR (p = 0.57) in DCIS of the breast. CONCLUSIONS: A large number of cases of DCIS of the breast express AR and this may be associated with apocrine differentiation, which may impact on accurate typing of DCIS. Moreover, the expression of AR (but not ER or PR) in DCIS does not appear to be associated with the degree of differentiation.     

Immunohistochemical study of androgen receptors in breast carcinoma. Evidence of their frequent expression in lobular carcinoma

Androgens and androgen receptors (AR) are involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Epidemiological studies have shown a significant association between the risk of breast cancer and androgens. However, the functional role and clinical value of AR expression in breast carcinoma have still not been clearly defined. The present study was set up to investigate the prevalence of ARs in a series of consecutive invasive breast carcinomas (IBCs) and to evaluate the patterns of AR phenotypes in a series of selected invasive lobular carcinomas (ILCs). Among the 250 consecutive IBCs (consisting of 212 ductal and 38 lobular neoplasms), AR immunoreactivity was observed in 151/250 (60.4%) cases, being expressed in 118/212 (56%) ductal and 33/38 (87%) lobular carcinomas (a statistically significant difference, χ²=11.82). AR expression was frequently associated with ER (65.2%, χ²=14.33) and PR positivity (66.9%, χ²=7.36). Most AR positive cases showed a low proliferative index (63.7%) and a low or intermediate histological grade (G1–G2, 63.9%). Among the 80 selected ILCs, AR expression was observed in 64/80 (80%) cases. Our results confirm that ARs are expressed in most breast cancers. Moreover, we demonstrated that AR positivity is particularly marked in lobular neoplasms. In addition, AR positive carcinomas are frequently characterized by a low or intermediate grade, a low proliferative index and ER and/or PR co-expression.     

Association between tumour characteristics and HER-2/neu by immunohistochemistry in 1362 women with primary operable breast cancer

AIMS: To investigate the association between tumour characteristics and HER-2/neu by immunohistochemistry in primary operable breast cancer. METHODS: The association between HER-2/neu and other clinicopathological factors was evaluated in 1362 consecutive patients with primary breast cancer treated between 2000 and July 2003 in one centre. Microscopic tumour size, tumour grade, lymph node status, patient's age, oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and joint ER/PR status were evaluated, using the chi2 test for univariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. The hormone receptors and HER-2/neu were studied immunohistochemically. Using the HER-2/neu DAKO scoring system, scores of 0, 1+, or 2+ were defined as negative and 3+ as positive. Data for DAKO scores 2+/3+ versus 0/1+ are also presented. RESULTS: Hormone receptor negative breast cancers were more often HER-2/neu positive than hormone receptor positive cancers, both for ER (28.7% v 6.8%) and PR (19.9% v 5.9%). In multivariate analysis, both ER, PR, and tumour grade were independently associated with HER-2/neu. In ER+ tumours, HER-2/neu overexpression was significantly lower in PR+ than in PR- cases (11.5% v 5.4%). HER-2/neu overexpression (2.7%) was lowest in the large subgroup of ER+PR+ tumours with low tumour grade (grade 1-2), comprising 46.1% of all patients. CONCLUSIONS: ER, PR, and tumour grade are independent predictors for HER-2/neu overexpression in women with primary operable breast cancer. ER and PR are negatively associated with HER-2/neu, whereas tumour grade is positively associated with HER-2/neu. In women with ER+ tumours, PR status also affects the likelihood of HER-2/neu expression.     

乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后组织病理学与分子标志物表达意义的探讨及对比分析

目的 探讨乳腺癌新辅助化疗前核芯针穿刺活检(CNB)标本和化疗后手术切除标本的病理类型、病理分级、分子标志物表达及其改变与治疗反应病理评价的关系.方法 收集209例接受新辅助化疗的乳腺癌患者CNB和手术切除标本,评价其病理类型、病理分级、治疗反应病理评价信息(MP分级系统);应用免疫组织化学方法 (MaxVision二步法)检测上述标本分子标志物雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)和HER2的表达信息,应用SPSS 15.0软件进行相关统计学分析.结果 (1)新辅助化疗后治疗反应病理评价分别为MP1级14例,MP2级35例,MP3级106例,MP4级36例,MP5级18例.(2)CNB标本的ER表达与治疗反应病理评价呈负相关(χ2=33.083,P=0.001);手术切除标本各类信息与治疗反应病理评价未见统计学相关性(P>0.05);(3)化疗后手术切除标本信息均可发生改变,病理类型、病理分级发生变化病例所占比例分别为6.8%(9/132)和34.9%(30/86);ER、PR、HER2表达发生改变的比例分别为42.4%(75/177)、55.4%(98/177)和26.6%(46/173),仅HER2表达改变的差异有统计学意义(P=0.049).上述信息改变与治疗反应病理评价无关(P>0.05).结论 CNB标本对预测肿瘤治疗反应的病理评价具有重要价值.化疗后肿瘤的信息均可发生改变,因此有必要在新辅助化疗后重复确认肿瘤组织的病理类型及病理分级,并应用免疫组织化学方法 重复检测化疗后手术切除标本的分子标志物表达.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the relationship between the pathologic responses and histologic type, grade, the expression of ER, PR and HER2 and their changes in breast carcinoma before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Methods Two-hundred and nine cases of breast cancer with NAC were analyzed and clinical, pathologic data were evaluated based on the Miller and Payne (MP) grading system. The expression of ER, PR and HER2 in the cancers before and after NAC were detected by immunohistochemistry (MaxVision method). SPSS 15.0 software was used to conduct statistical analysis. Results (1) Pathologic responses to the NAC were graded as MP1 (14 cases), MP2 (35 cases), MP3 (106 cases), MP4 (36 cases) and MP5 (18 cases); (2) The expression of ER in core needle biopsy had related negatively to the pathologic response (χ2=33.083, P=0.001). However, the histologic type, grade, ER and PR status, and HER2 expression in surgically-removed specimens had not related to the pathologic response (P>0.05); (3) After NAC, the pathologic type and grade changed in 6.8% (9/132) and 34.9% (30/86) of the cases, and the rates of changes in the expression of ER, PR and HER2 were 42.4% (75/177), 55.4% (98/177) and 26.6% (46/173), respectively. Only the expression of HER2 had significant difference between before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.049). The changes in other data had no relationship with the pathologic response (P>0.05). Conclusions Analysis of core needle biopsy can provide important information to predict the pathologic responses to the NAC. The pathologic appearance, grade, ER, PR and HER2 in breast carcinoma may change after NAC. It is necessary to examine the histologic type, grade and the expression of ER, PR and HER2 after NAC once more.     

Expression of steroid hormone receptors, their regulated proteins, and bcl-2 protein in myofibroblastoma of the breast

AIMS: To investigate the possible role of steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of myofibroblastoma (MFB) of the breast, we analysed the immunohistochemical expression of oestrogen, progesterone, androgen receptors, their regulated proteins and bcl-2 protein in a series of this rare tumour. METHODS AND RESULTS: Paraffin-embedded sections from seven cases of MFB of the breast (five male; two female) were immunohistochemically tested for the expression of oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), androgen receptor (AR), oestrogen-regulated pS2 protein, androgen-regulated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and bcl-2 protein. Rare cases of benign spindle cell tumours or tumour-like lesions of the breast (primitive fibromatosis, inflammatory pseudotumour, muscular hamartoma) which enter into the differential diagnosis with MFB, were also investigated and compared with MFB. All cases of MFB showed a diffuse (70-90% of neoplastic cells) and strong nuclear labelling with ER and PR, whereas AR was expressed only in three cases (two men and one woman) in about 60-70% of cells. Conversely, no immunostaining was detected for the pS2 protein and PSA. bcl-2 protein immunoreactivity was found in all cases of MFB, although with a variable degree of expression. No expression for steroid hormone receptors, their regulated-proteins and bcl-2 protein was observed in the rare benign spindle cell lesions of the breast included in this study. CONCLUSION: The in-situ detection of ER, PR and AR suggests that steroid hormones and their receptors are implicated in the pathogenesis of breast MFB. The consistent demonstration of bcl-2 protein, associated with a positive ER/PR status, provides evidence that bcl-2 may be an oestrogen-regulated protein also in MFB and that probably plays a role in the tumorigenesis. Finally, we postulate that the ER/PR and bcl-2 positive immunoprofile of MFB of the breast, in contrast to the negative profile of other rare primitive benign spindle cell lesions of the breast herein studied, might be exploited as an ancillary diagnostic aid in differential diagnosis of doubtful cases.     

Correlation of steroid hormone receptors (SR) with clinical and pathological features of human breast cancer

Paraffin-embedded materials from 104 patients with breast cancer were assayed for the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) with avidin-biotin complex method. A significant positive correlation was found between SR status and cell differentiation or lymph node status. Tumors with elastosis tend to contain ER, PR and AR more frequently. Patients with positive ER, PR or AR tumors were 1.2 to 2.6 times more likely to survive than those with negative ones. The five-year survival rate increased with the increase of number and amount of positive SR. These results indicate that ER, PR and AR detected by ABC method may be used as biomarkers for tumor differentiation and have prognostic values in breast cancer.     

Androgen receptors are frequently expressed in mammary and extramammary Paget's disease.

Mammary Paget's disease and extramammary Paget's disease are rare intraepithelial neoplasms. Mammary Paget's disease is almost exclusively associated with underlying invasive breast carcinoma or high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS G3). Extramammary Paget's disease arises in areas rich in apocrine glands and is suspected to have apocrine gland origin. The aim of the study was to investigate the presence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), androgen receptor (AR) and Her2/neu in a large number of cases. We investigated 58 cases of mammary and 23 cases of extramammary Paget's disease. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues were analyzed using antibodies against AR, PR, ER and Her2/neu according to standardized procedures. In mammary Paget's disease, positive immunoreactions for Her2/neu, AR and ER were observed in 56 of 58 (97%), 51 of 58 (88%), and respectively in six of 58 (10%) cases. All cases of mammary Paget's disease were negative for PR and showed a coexpression of Her2/neu and AR in 51 out of 58 cases (88%). In extramammary Paget's disease, positive immunoreactions for AR, Her2/neu and ER were observed in 18 of 23 (78%), 12 of 23 (52%), and respectively in 1 of 23 (4%) cases. All cases of extramammary Paget's disease were negative for PR and showed a coexpression of AR and Her2/neu in 12 out of 23 cases (52%). In contrast to ER and PR, AR and Her2/neu are commonly expressed in mammary and extramammary Paget's disease. The knowledge about frequent expression of AR in Paget's disease could lead to the development of a new adjuvant therapy, particularly in patients with recurrent disease.     

miR-200a/miR-141 and miR-205 upregulation might be associated with hormone receptor status and prognosis in endometrial carcinomas

The aim of this study was to compare the clinicopathological significance of miR-200a/miR-141 and miR-205 expression in endometrioid carcinomas (ECs) versus nonendometrioid carcinomas (NECs) and to assess their correlation with hormone receptor status. miR-200a/miR-141 and miR-205 expression in 154 endometrial cancers was determined by qRT-PCR. The status of estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) was assessed using immunohistochemistry. miR-200a/miR-141 and miR-205 increased significantly in ECs and in NECs. The expression level of miR-200a was significantly higher in NECs than in ECs (P = 0.025). Furthermore, there was a trend that NECs with worse clinicopathological variables had a higher miR-200a expression, while an inverse trend existed in ECs. miR-205 upregulation occurred frequently in NECs without lymph node metastases (P = 0.030), whereas such association was not present in ECs. Interestingly, In ECs, miR-200a/miR-141 upregulation occurred frequently in the hormone receptor positive subgroups than the negative subgroups (P < 0.05). Similarly, the expression level of miR-205 was higher in the hormone receptor positive subgroups and the association between miR-205 and PR reached statistical significance (P = 0.024). In contrast, in NECs, a negative correlation was found between miR-200a/miR-141 and ER or PR status. Meanwhile, in ECs, miR-200a upregulation correlated with prolonged survival in the ER positive subgroup (P = 0.046), whereas an inverse trend existed in the ER negative subgroup. Our findings suggest that miR-200a/miR-141 and miR-205 increased significantly in ECs and in NECs. However, they might behave differently in ECs versus NECs. miR-200a/miR-141 and miR-205 might be associated with hormone receptor status in endometrial cancer and may possess prognostic impacts.