连续非卧床腹膜透析中并发腹膜炎的防治

利用边界元与有限元相结合的方法，对分段式环鞍型偏转线圈偏转场分布进行数值计算和分析；针对高分辨彩色显示管所用分段式环鞍型偏转线圈，闻其绕线分布的数学模型；应用该模型对１５ｃｍ高分辨率彩色显示管分段式环鞍型偏转线圈的偏转场分布进行了计算与分析，对偏转场参量Ｈ０和Ｈ２的实验测量表明，计算结果与测量结果基本一致。     

内生场肿瘤热疗致皮肤烫伤的原因分析与预防

目的探讨内生场肿瘤热疗导致病人皮肤烫伤的原因和预防对策。方法该院热疗中心2007年2～12月采用肿瘤内生场热疗方法治疗病人130人次，分析治疗过程中发生皮肤烫伤的原因及相应的预防措施。结果该组发生皮肤烫伤2例，发生率为1．53％。结论内生扬肿瘤热疗导致皮肤烫伤的主要原因是：热疗前准备不充分；电极板与皮肤直接接触；热疗部位有脂肪聚集或疤痕组织；技术人员责任心不强，经验不足；病人对高温感觉不敏感或者合并呼吸困难等合并症，分散病人对热的注意，不能及时反应情况；操作不当、温度控制不合理。针对性地采取预防措施如掌握好热疗适应证，向病人交代好治疗前、治疗中、治疗后注意事项，加强治疗过程中的观察巡视，正确操作，温度控制恰当等能有效地降低皮肤烫伤的发生率。     

Texaco气化炉激冷室热质传递过程模拟

对Ｔｅｘａｃｏ气化炉激冷室 热质传递过程进行了分析模拟，模拟结果与工业数据吻全良好。通过模拟揭示了现行激冷环损坏的主要原因，探讨了激冷环长周期运行的基本途径，提出了激冷环改进方案。     

扩环和缩环重排反应的从头算研究

用哈特里-福克(HF)方法、STO-3G^*基组，分别对半片呐醇和环庚烷正离子的重排机理进行了从头算研究，计算了半片呐醇和环庚烷正离子重排过程中的各个状态的几何构型、零点能，同时对反应路径进行了计算。结果表明：半片呐醇重排是环的扩大过程，在扩环过程中，N≡N逐渐远离C7，C7-C6-O8键角发生很大变化，导致C7与C1之间的距离变短，同时C1-C6之间的键长变长；而环庚烷正离子的重排则是环的缩小过程，在缩环过程中，经历了两个过渡态；首先是C1-C7的键长变长，C1-C6的键长变短，形成State2结构，然后是H17的位置移动，两面角C7-C6-C5-C1发生很大变化，产生甲基环己烷正碳离子的椅式结构。     

多信道经颅磁刺激线圈阵列设计及场强分布计算

目的：显示多元线圈阵列在球形头模中产生的电磁场分布,方法：设计了一种新型经颅磁刺激仪的线圈阵列,建立在人体头部产生的电磁场模型。结果：计算出不同线圈电流组态下,合成刺激磁场及感应电场在人体头部的分布,并作图显示几种电流组态下,三维了形和二维等高线圈,结论：多信道经颅磁刺激线圈阵列在人体头部产生的电磁场可控性强,聚焦性能强,而且可同时刺激不同的靶目标。     

高压分离器双锥环密封失效的数值模拟

针对国内某厂一台双锥环密封的高压分离器在非正常操作中出现的泄漏失效，采用ＰＡＦＥＣ大型有限元程序进行了模拟全操作过程的ＦＥＭ分析。在按实际建立的力学与传热计算模型上，数值模拟了包括预热、正常操作和急冷等工况下典型节点的温度－时间变化，垫片应力－介质内压变化的关系，同时探讨了双锥环内侧与端盖圆柱面之间的间隙与密封性能的关系。计算结果表明，双锥环密封结构的温度改变导致垫片应力的改变是密封失效的重要原因     

超导型磁共振机液氦补充和冷却系统维护

超导型磁共振机液氦补充和冷却系统维护杨刚，陈堤，吴琮琏，沈复兴关键词磁共振机，冷却系统维护中图法分类号Ｒ８１２超导型磁共振（ｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃＲｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅ，ＭＲ）是通过磁体线圈在－２６９℃的情况下实现超导大电流而产生高场强，这是ＭＲ成像的前提，而...     

低频电感应加热的应用

一、低频电感应加热的原理以及计算方法:1.原理:在空心线圈内与此同轴方向放入金属棒,然后接通交变电流时,线圈中所产生之交变磁力线Φ_Π在贯串金属棒水平截面 N_m的交变磁力线Φ_m 感应起涡流电压 E_N,因此产生涡流 I_M,对于涡流回路之电阻 R_M 即产生 W_M=R_MI_M~2之加热电力.此原理过去在高频感应加热装置中被应用,但我们应用了这个原理,将线圈与铁心配用起     

内生场热疗治疗恶性肿瘤的护理

内生场热疗是利用两组不同频率、不同相位的高频源交叉作用于人体，在内生场作用下产生内生热，使深部交叉处肿瘤中心部位温度高于人体正常组织5℃～10℃，在人体正常组织没有损伤的情况下，肿瘤细胞变性坏死的一种治疗方法。我科对71例恶性肿瘤患者采用了内生场热疗综合治疗的方法，收到了满意的效果。现将护理体会报告如下。     

胶囊环向定向印字机吸气泵容量选取的计算方法

本文探讨了作为胶囊环向定向印字机定向机构关键配套件吸气泵容量选取的计算方法，该方法可用于单轨和多轨定向印字机吸气泵的计算选取。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.