人工真皮支架联合自体刃厚皮修复大面积烧伤患者手部创面

目的探讨大面积烧伤患者手部深度烧伤使用人工真皮支架结合自体刃厚皮移植的治疗效果。方法双手烧伤面积大于80%并在早期切痂患者58例,其中切痂后使用人工真皮支架联合自体刃厚皮移植的28例患者为观察组,切痂后直接进行自体中厚皮移植的30例患者为对照组,对比评估2组手部创面愈合时间、双手创面愈合后皮片外观、双手功能,随访近期、远期手部功能恢复情况及供皮区愈合情况、色素、瘢痕生长情况。结果观察组双手创面愈合时间较对照组延长,而供皮区愈合时间较对照组缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者痊愈后经随访3～6个月,2组双手手术区均无明显瘢痕增生,外观良好,创面愈合后皮肤弹性好,均无明显色素沉着,且2组患者双手屈指、对掌功能均良好。观察组供皮区均无明显瘢痕增生或色素沉着,且不影响头发生长,不影响再次取皮;而对照组供皮区存在一定瘢痕增生,且供皮区颜色较周围正常皮肤深,无法再次取皮。2组病例手部植皮区存活皮片均外观好,功能佳。结论采用人工真皮支架修复手部创面有利于创面愈合,且对供皮区影响小,对患者全身打击小,有利于患者的恢复。     

重组人表皮生长因子对烧伤创面及供皮区的疗效观察

目的 :探讨重组人表皮生长因子 (rhEGF)对烧伤创面的治疗效果及安全性。方法 :随机选择我院烧伤病人 49例 ,使用rhEGF进行创面治疗 ,用时选择与治疗组烧伤面积与深度相似的同体创面作对照 ,采用常规方法治疗。比较两组创面的愈合情况。rhEGF的安全性检测包括用药前后血尿常规、肝、肾功能的变化及全身与局部不良反应。结果 :rhEGF用于浅Ⅱ度、深Ⅱ度、取皮区和晚期创面后 ,使创面的愈合时间较对照组提前 2～ 4d(P <0 .0 1) ,总有效率达 89.8%。治疗过程未见明显的毒副作用。结论 :应用rhEGF可显著促进伤创面愈合 ,值得在临床上推广应用。     

表皮原位回植和多层真皮移植技术的临床应用

目的:确探讨表皮原位回植和自体多层真皮移植技术的临床应用。方法: 16例接受皮肤移植的患者中,烧伤12例,撕脱伤3例,外伤后皮肤坏死1例。根据选取的创面大小,切取合适的自体多层真皮皮片,制备为整张、1 ∶1.5网状或者邮票皮片移植于创面,供皮区表皮原位回植。同时采用自身对照,在上述供区相邻部位,使用常规取皮方法切取刃厚或中厚皮片移植至每例患者的部分创面。观察供皮区及受皮区的愈合时间及远期效果。 结果： 16例患者供皮区采用表皮原位回植方式比常规供皮方法愈合时间平均缩短2.8 d;受皮区真皮皮片移植较刃厚/中厚皮片移植愈合时间延长6.8 d左右。远期随访供皮区及受皮区柔软度、色泽、挛缩程度、弹性和耐磨擦性均较常规刃厚/中厚皮片移植满意。结论： 表皮原位回植和自体多层真皮移植操作方法简便,一方面可修复较大的皮肤全层缺损,另一方面能有效控制供区和受区瘢痕生成。     

吡哌酸锌软膏对烧伤创面愈合的治疗效果

目的研究吡哌酸锌软膏对烧伤创面愈合的治疗效果。方法吡哌酸锌软膏用于浅度、深Ⅱ度烧伤创面及供皮区，自1995年8月～1996年10月美观察303例。SD—Ag霜作为对照药进行同体。同部位、等深度创面、对应对比观察。对不同时间声创面来愈合面积测量并记录最终愈合时间和不良反应。结果用药后吡哌酸锌软膏治疗组创面来愈面积明显小于对照组。浅度和深Ⅱ度创面最终愈合时间比对照组各早3～5d。不同深度供皮区比对照药早3～4d愈合。结论吡哌酸锌软膏能促进上皮修复、缩短创面愈合时间，未观察到不良反应。     

自体头皮移植修复中厚皮片供皮区的效果观察

目的探讨自体头皮移植修复烧伤患者中厚皮片供皮区的临床效果。方法选择2009年5月—2014年5月收治的烧伤患者60例,按随机机械抽样法分为对照组、头皮组,每组各30例。两组患者烧伤创面经清创后,自大腿前外侧以电动取皮机切取厚0.3 mm中厚皮片修复烧伤创面。对照组供皮区创面应用单层凡士林油纱贴敷并适度加压包扎;头皮组用电动取皮机自头皮切取厚0.12~0.15 mm、大小10 cm×5 cm~20 cm×5 cm条状刃厚皮片,移植于中厚皮片供皮区。观察两组患者供皮区愈合时间,并应用温哥华瘢痕量表评分、瘙痒评分和瘢痕增生率评价瘢痕供皮区瘢痕增生情况。结果两组患者性别和年龄的差异无统计学意义,具有可比性(P>0.05)。头皮组术后第7天移植头皮全部成活,中厚皮片供皮区愈合时间(7 d)显著短于对照组(平均21 d)(P<0.01)。术后1年随访,头皮组供皮区瘢痕量表评分、瘙痒评分和瘢痕增生率分别为1.4±0.6分、1.3±0.3分和15.6%±7.1%,显著低于对照组的6.4±1.2分、2.1±0.6分和54.8%±13.2%(均P<0.01)。结论采用自体头皮移植修复烧伤患者中厚皮片供皮区可明显缩短创面愈合时间,且可减轻瘢痕增生程度。     

爱康肤银离子敷料在小儿浅Ⅱ度烧伤创面的临床应用

目的研究爱康肤银离子敷料在小儿浅Ⅱ度烧伤创面治疗中的作用。方法采用同体对照法,在40例烧伤患儿身上分别选取2处面积相当的浅Ⅱ度创面,随机分为2组,对照组用磺胺嘧啶银霜换药治疗,治疗组则用爱康肤银离子敷料。分别统计两组创面的愈合时间、愈合率、病程早期渗出量、平均换药次数、平均更换最内层药用纱布次数,并取创面分泌物进行细菌培养,同时定期监测受试者在用药期间有无实验室检测指标异常及不良反应。结果与对照组相比,治疗组的创面愈合时间缩短(P<0.05),用药后第3、7、14天创面愈合率均增高(P<0.05,P<0.01),创面渗出量、平均换药次数及平均更换最内层药用纱布次数均降低(P<0.01)。两组创面细菌培养阳性率的差异无统计学意义。治疗期间所有受试患儿出现的实验室检测指标差异与药物不存在明显相关,绝大多数患儿无不适主诉。结论应用爱康肤银离子敷料治疗小儿浅Ⅱ度烧伤,能有效缩短创面愈合时间,提高创面愈合率,明显减少创面渗出及换药频率,其抑菌效果与浅Ⅱ度烧伤的经典创面外用药磺胺嘧啶银霜相比无明显差异,且在治疗期间绝大多数患儿未出现不良反应,值得在临床上进一步推广应用。     

富血小板纤维蛋白治疗小面积深度烧伤的临床应用

目的探究富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)治疗小面积深度烧伤创面的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析解放军北部战区总医院和平分院烧伤整形科2015年8月—2018年10月收治的小面积深度烧伤患者60例,根据治疗方法不同分为常规换药组28例和PRF组33例,常规换药组清创后用凡士林油沙换药,PRF组清创后用PRF覆盖换药。比较2组创面愈合时间、换药次数及瘢痕增生发生率。结果 PRF组创面愈合时间短于常规换药组,换药次数少于常规换药组(t=9.779、12.339、P<0.01)。PRF组烧伤创面愈合后瘢痕增生发生率显著降低(15.2%vs.77.8%,χ~2=23.719,P<0.01)结论 PRF可明显缩短深度烧伤创面的愈合时间,减少换药次数,降低皮肤烧伤愈合后瘢痕增生的发生率。     

大面积烧伤病人应用重组生长激素后血浆蛋白的变化及对创面愈合的影响

目的：探讨重组人生长激素对大面积烧伤病人血浆蛋白的影响及其对烧伤创面愈合的作用。方法：选择14例烧伤面积大于50％，Ⅲ度面积大于20％的成年烧伤患者，随机分为重组人生长激素组(rhGH)和对照组。常规行补液、抗感染及支持治疗。伤后5d内行创面切削痂、自体皮移植。rhGH组从术后第1天起每天按0．3IU／kg给予rhGH治疗共10d，对照组按相同方法给2ml生理盐水作安慰剂对照。伤后当天、14、21d取外周血检测血浆蛋白、转铁蛋白，记录供皮区、深Ⅱ度创面完全愈合时间。结果：rhGH组血浆蛋白水平、供皮区、深Ⅱ度创面愈合时间明显优于对照组(P＜0．05或＜0．01)。结论：严重烧伤病人早期应用rhGh，能有效促进蛋白合成，加快创面愈合，减少感染，缩短住院时间。     

削取中厚皮的供皮区术后创面处理临床分析

目的为探讨烧伤早期整形和瘢痕增生整形病人削取中厚皮术后的供皮区创面处理治疗方案。方法随机分两组:A组(30例):削取中厚皮 刃厚头皮或刃厚体皮回植供皮区疗法;B组(31例):削取中厚皮术后采用半暴露疗法,观察两组术后的Hb、WBC计数,肝功能ALT、伤口愈合的时间。结果A组术后无痛苦,创面平均愈合时间(9.0±1.5)d,B组术后创面渗血、渗出多,疼痛明显,平时愈合时间(21.5±2.5)d,11例发生创面感染,6例再次植皮修复。结论削取中厚皮 刃厚头皮或体皮回植疗法,手术简便,促创面提早愈合。     

重组人表皮细胞生长因子作用于创面的阴性观察

目的考察和评估rhEGF确切的临床效果,指导合理用药.方法入选病例95例,采用随机自身对照试验,治疗区在对照区基础上用rhEGF局部均匀喷湿创面,每日换药,观察创面愈合,以创面愈合为标准,判断创面愈合时间.结果用rhEGF治疗刃厚供皮区、中厚供皮区、烧伤浅Ⅱ°、深Ⅱ°创面,平均愈合时间分别为(7.10±3.20)d、(15.8±3.30)d、(11.0±2.10)d、(21.7±3.84)d,治疗区愈合时间较对照区无明显差异.结论 rhEGF用于治疗各类烧伤创面无明显效果.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.