不同新生儿危重评分对极低及超低出生体质量儿出院前结局预测价值

目的 寻找预测极低出生体质量(VLBW)儿和超低出生体质量(ELBW)儿出院前结局的敏感的评分指标。方法 收集2018年7月1日至2021年1月31日收治的VLBW儿和ELBW儿的临床资料。评估新生儿急性生理学评分-Ⅱ(SNAP-Ⅱ)、新生儿急性生理学评分围生期补充-Ⅱ(SNAPPE-Ⅱ)、新生儿临床危险指数(CRIB)及新生儿危重病例评分(NCIS)对VLBW儿和ELBW儿出院前死亡、坏死性小肠结肠炎、支气管肺发育不良、肺出血、脑室旁白质软化及视网膜病变的预测价值。结果 共收治VLBW儿 491例,经筛选最终纳入223例VLBW儿(含56例ELBW儿)。无论VLBW儿或ELBW儿,存活组的NCIS评分高于死亡组,SNAP-Ⅱ、SNAPPE-Ⅱ以及CRIB评分均低于死亡组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在VLBW儿中,经ROC曲线分析发现,CRIB评分预测VLBW儿死亡的AUC最大,AUC为0.888,95%CI为0.827～0.949,当CRIB评分为1.5时,其预测VLBW儿死亡的约登指数为0.672,灵敏度0.944,特异度0.728。在ELBW儿中,CRIB评分预测...     

需要机械通气的极低出生体重儿院内病死率及病死风险因素的前瞻性研究

目的：描述危重极低出生体重儿（VLBWI）的临床特征、接受治疗状况及其转归,评估其病死风险相关因素,评价CRIB、SNAPPE-II评分系统预测我国早产儿病死风险的价值。方法：对2010年1月至2011年10月间新生儿重症监护室（NICU）收治的127例需要机械通气的VLBWI进行前瞻性数据收集。结果：纳入患儿平均胎龄为31±2 周,平均体重为1290±170 g,男女比例为1.23∶1,超低出生体重儿占6.3%。接受肺表面活性剂（PS）治疗者占 48.0%;接受气管插管机械通气的患儿占49.6%。总的院内病死率为41.7%。低出生体重、多胎分娩、剖宫产、低PaO2/FiO2比值是病死的独立风险因素,OR值分别为1.611、7.572、4.062、0.133,P<0.05。SNAPPE-II和CRIB评分系统可较好地预测病死转归,ROC曲线下面积分别为0.806、0.777。结论：VLBWI总的病死率仍处于较高水平;低出生体重、多胎分娩、剖宫产、低PaO2/FiO2比值是VLBWI病死的高危因素。应用新生儿危重评分系统可对研究对象疾病危重程度进行量化。     

有关极低出生体重儿的几个问题

1　何谓极低出生体重儿 ?出生体重≤ 15 0 0 ｇ的新生儿称为极低出生体重儿 (ｖｅｒｙｌｏｗｂｉｒｔｈｗｅｉｇｈｔｉｎ ｆａｎｔ ,ＶＬＢＷＩ)。此类新生儿胎龄应在33周以下 ,若超过 33周 ,则此极低出生体重儿为小于胎龄儿。2　极低出生体重儿发生率如何 ?哪些原因可以引起 ?     

新生儿感染性休克与危重度评分及全身炎症反应综合征关系的研究

目的 探讨新生儿感染性休克与新生儿危重病例评分(NCIS)及新生儿全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)间的关系.方法 根据新生儿休克分度、新生儿危重度评分、新生儿新SIRS诊断标准,对广州市儿童医院1991-2004年收治的感染性休克新生儿117例分别作统计分析.结果 (1)117例中以出生3d内发病为多(59.8%).死亡69例,多于入院后3d内死亡(78.3%),原发病主要为败血症,其次为感染性肺炎及坏死性小肠结肠炎.(2)入院当天危重度评分,全部处于危重分值,其中多数忠儿处于极危重分值(82.0%).(3)非SIRS患儿68例,死亡31例,痛死率45.6%,伴发SIRS者49例,死亡38例,痛死率77.6%,与非SIRS组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),其中符合项目越多,病死率亦越高.符合SIRS诊断的四项标准中,以体温改变为多,且多表现为体温低下(81.6%),心率改变例数不多(28.6%),主要见于重度休克儿(心率减慢).白细胞数＜5×109/L的12例,均发生于中重度休克,病死率高(75.0%).结论 (1)新生儿感染性休克多发生于出生3d内,NCIS检查能反映病情的严重度,若对可疑病例及早开展CNIS,必能早期发现危重病例.(2)感染性休克与SIRS新诊断标准关系并不密切,SIRS新诊断标准对新生儿重度感染的敏感性低,但伴发SIRS者的病死率明显高于非SIRS者.     

影响早产儿行为神经测定因素的分析

目的 探讨新生儿行为神经测定(NBNA)在早产儿的应用及影响其评估指标的因素.方法 选择2006年1月至2007年6月在我院新生儿科住院治疗的123例早产儿,分别在纠正胎龄40周时进行NBNA评分,分析胎龄、出生体重、是否机械通气以及机械通气时间、围生期是否有致脑损伤的高危因素对NBNA评分的影响.结果 胎龄<30周、～32周、～34周早产儿及出生体重<1 250 g、～1 500 g、～2 000 g早产儿NBNA评分差异均具有显著性(P<0.01),胎龄越低、出生体重越低,NBNA评分越低;需机械通气的早产儿NBNA评分明显低于未上呼吸机者(P<0.01),机械通气时间＞7 d NBNA评分明显低于＜7 d者(P<0.05);围生期有出血性和缺血性脑损伤、间接胆红素≥256.5 μmol/L、血糖反复<2.6 μmol/L、发生感染者NBNA评分明显降低(P<0.01);臀位、钳产、吸引产早产儿NBNA评分明显低于剖宫产和顺产者(P<0.01);Apgar评分为0～3分者NBNA评分明显低于4～7分和≥8分者(P<0.01).结论 胎龄、出生体重、是否机械通气、机械通气时间、异常的分娩方式、合并重度窒息均影响早产儿的NBNA评分.对于早产儿,特别是胎龄<32周,出生体重<1 500 g,存在致脑损伤高危因素的早产儿,生后3～7 d内应行头颅B超检查,及早发现颅内病变,尽早干预,减少后遗症的发生.     

极低出生体重儿头部发育与运动功能的随访

一些文献指出头的形状和脑的发育直接有关，本研究目的观察出生头一年头部发育与运动功能的两者关系。病人与方法南美阿拉伯马医学院NICU1985年～1987年出院的54例极低出生体重儿（VLBWI），平均体重1094g，平均胎龄28．5周。选择的病例出生时脑发育正常（头周≥第10百分位）、适于胎龄儿、无明显畸形、5分钟Apgar评分≥6，脐血或血气分析pH≥7．0，脑超声检查正常及无明显神经系统异常。根据国际新生儿健康中心标准校正月龄，除3例脑室周围软化及3例失去联系，本组随访了48例。综合神经发育的评估采用国际神经学量表，丹佛智能筛查试…     

伍用东莨菪碱治疗早产极低出生体重儿呼吸衰竭疗效观察

早产极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)是指出生体重≤1500 g,胎龄＜32周的早产儿,近年来尽管新生儿医学发展迅速,新生儿死亡已明显降低,但VLBWI的病死率仍高达30%～70%,且出生体重越低病死率越高,其中呼吸系统疾病致呼吸衰竭(RF)死亡约占早产儿死亡的52.3%.     

新生儿危重病例评分与新生儿急性生理学评分围产期补充Ⅱ的应用比较

目的探讨新生儿危重病例评分(NCIS)与新生儿急性生理学评分围产期补充Ⅱ(SNAPPE-Ⅱ)两种评分系统预测危重新生儿死亡放弃风险的准确度及临床实用性。方法 269例危重新生儿根据病情转归分为死亡放弃组及好转治愈组,比较两种评分系统预测死亡放弃风险的准确度。结果死亡放弃组患儿的SNAPPE-Ⅱ得分明显高于好转治愈组患儿,差异有统计学意义(P0.001),两组患儿NCIS评分的差异无统计学意义(P=0.091),而符合单项指标的患儿死亡放弃风险明显高于不符合单项指标患儿(P=0.005)。结论 SNAPPE-Ⅱ在危重新生儿死亡放弃风险的早期预测中具有更高的准确性,NCIS中单项指标对预测病情转归有指导意义。     

新生儿临床风险指数在早产低出生体重儿中的应用

新生儿临床风险指数（ clinical risk index for babies,CRIB ）是一种应用于早产低出生体重儿评估最初疾病严重程度,预测死亡风险率,评估各医疗机构的自身医疗质量,以及对各医疗机构之间进行客观医疗水平比较的评分系统,对我国日益发展的新生儿医学起着重要的作用。本文详细介绍了CRIB评分系统的来源及发展现状、具体评分细则以及CRIB的优点,对早产低出生体重儿死亡风险预测的准确性,并分析了其应用于预测早产低出生体重儿远期神经系统发育的价值。     

危重极低体重儿抢救成功20例临床分析

目的　如何通过综合治疗措施,提高危重极低出生体重儿的生存率。方法回顾分析了从2001年4月至2004年1月20例危重极低体重儿经综合救治抢救成功的情况。20例病例中,男16例,女4例。月龄在28-34+4周之间,平均胎龄32+5周。最低出生体重1050g,最高出生体重1500g,平均1345g,且均合并二种以上并发症。结果　20例危重极低体重儿,经综合治疗,均治愈出院。结论　要提高危重极低体重儿的生存率,与NICU护理工作和对并发症的正确诊断和及时治疗直接相关。     

The clinical risk index of babies (CRIB) score in India

OBJECTIVE: To assess the usefulness of clinical risk index of babies (CRIB score) in predicting neonatal mortality in extremely preterm neonates, compared to birth weight and gestation. METHODS: 97 preterm neonates with gestational age less than 31 weeks or birth weight less than or equal to 1500 g were enrolled for the prospective longitudinal study. Relevant neonatal data was recorded. Blood gas analysis results and the maximum and the minimum FiO2 required by babies in first 12 hours of life were noted. Mortality was taken as death while the baby was in nursery. The prediction of mortality by birth weight, gestational age and CRIB score was done using the Logistic model, and expressed as area under the ROC curve. RESULTS: The area under the ROC curve for birth weight, gestational age and CRIB score was almost the same, the areas being 0.829, 0.819 and 0.823 respectively. Hence CRIB score did not fare better than birth weight and gestational age in predicting neonatal mortality. CONCLUSION: The CRIB score did not improve on the ability of birth weight and gestational age to predict neonatal mortality in the study.     

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目的 比较新生儿危重病例评分(NCIS)与美国新生儿急性生理学评分围产期补充Ⅱ(SNAPPE-Ⅱ)在危重新生儿死亡风险预测方面的优越性,探索适合我国新生儿疾病危重度判断的评分系统。方法 对2008年1-12月入住东南大学附属中大医院新生儿重症监护室(NICU)的525例患儿同时采用NCIS和SNAPPE-Ⅱ两种评分系统进行评分,根据评分将入组病例分为极危重、危重、非危重3组,分别对各组病死率进行比较,并描绘受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),比较ROC曲线下面积(AUC),以观察两种评分系统在预测危重新生儿死亡风险的特异度及灵敏度。结果 非危重组、极危重组中,NCIS评分及SNAPPE-Ⅱ的病死率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);危重组中,两种评分病死率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);AUC分别为NCIS评分0.934,SNAPPE-Ⅱ评分0.926,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 NCIS评分对危重新生儿的筛出能力较强,但对临床决策无早期指导作用。SNAPPE-Ⅱ评分能早期、较准确预测患儿死亡风险,临床应用较简便,宜推广使用。     

Relationship between hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial vasoproliferative retinal disorder that increases in incidence with decreasing gestational age. Recently, an association between hyperglycemia and severe ROP was found in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible relation between hyperglycemia and ROP at any stage in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI). We analyzed the data of 201 VLBWI. The incidence of ROP and hyperglycemia was detected and the chi2 test was applied to investigate the association between the two variables. The Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB) score was attributed as a marker of illness severity. The incidence of ROP and hyperglycemia in VLBWI was 35.3 and 19.4%, respectively. ROP developed more frequently in hyperglycemic infants (p < 0.001). The gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar scores were significantly lower, the CRIB score was higher in ROP patients. In hyperglycemic ROP patients the CRIB score was significantly higher compared to euglycemic ROP patients (mean (SD) 8.1 (4.2) vs. 5.5 (3.3); p < 0.01). A logistic regression model revealed that gestational age (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.46-0.76; p < 0.001) and hyperglycemia (OR 3.15; 95% CI 1.12-8.84; p < 0.05) are independent risk factors in ROP development. When ELBWI were analyzed separately, gestational age (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.20-0.72; p < 0.01) and CRIB score (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.02-2.45; p < 0.05) were found as significant contributors. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathophysiological role of hyperglycemia in the development of vasoproliferative retinal disorder.     

The clinical risk index of babies (CRIB) score in India

Objective : To assess the usefulness of clinical risk index of babies (CRIB score) in predicting neonatal mortality in extremely preterm neonates, compared to birth weight and gestation.Methods : 97 preterm neonates with gestational age less than 31 weeks or birth weight less than or equal to 1500 g were enrolled for the prospective longitudinal study. Relevant neonatal data was recorded. Blood gas analysis results and the maximum and the minimum FiO₂ required by babies in first 12 hours of life were noted. Mortality was taken as death while the baby was in nursery. The prediction of mortality by birth weight, gestational age and CRIB score was done using the Logistic model, and expressed as area under the ROC curve.Results : The area under the ROC curve for birth weight, gestational age and CRIB score was almost the same, the areas being 0.829, 0.819 and 0.823 respectively. Hence CRIB score did not fare better than birth weight and gestational age in predicting neonatal mortality.Conclusion : The CRIB score did not improve on the ability of birth weight and gestational age to predict neonatal mortality in the study.     

Histologic chorioamnionitis and severity of illness in very low birth weight newborns.

OBJECTIVE: Estimating the risk of in-hospital mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit provides important information for health care providers, and several neonatal illness severity scores have been developed. Histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) is a known cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. To date, the relationship between HCA and neonatal illness severity scores has not been rigorously tested. In this study, the relationships among HCA, initial illness severity, and neonatal outcomes were analyzed in very low birth weight (VLBW) newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. DESIGN: Prospective. SETTING: Neonatal intensive care unit. PATIENTS: A total of 116 VLBW inborn infants (gestational age, 28.1 +/- 2.82 wks; birth weight, 1009 +/- 312 g) were categorized as HCA-positive (n = 67) and HCA-negative (n = 49). INTERVENTIONS: Placental histology was performed to identify HCA. Illness severity evaluation included several different neonatal illness severity scores-Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB), CRIB-II, Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II (SNAP-II), and Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology Perinatal Extension-II (SNAPPE-II)-as well as the recording of severe morbidity and in-hospital mortality. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: HCA-positive VLBW newborns showed significantly lower gestational age (p < .0001) and birth weight (p = .0010), together with higher CRIB, CRIB-II, SNAP-II, and SNAPPE-II scores at admission to the NICU (p 5 (odds ratio [OR], 21.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.24-73.21); CRIB-II > 10 (OR, 56.17; 95% CI, 6.75-467.2); SNAP-II > 22 (OR, 43.05; 95% CI, 11.9-155.7), and SNAPPE-II > 42 (OR, 48.95; 95% CI, 10.18-235.4) (all p values <.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that HCA is a major predictor of morbidity and mortality in VLBW newborns.     

CRIB,CRIB‐II,birth weight or gestational age to assess mortality risk in very low birth weight infants?

AIM: The mortality risk of very low birth weight (VLBW) (<1500 g) infants has been estimated by the Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB). Superior discriminatory power has been claimed for the revised CRIB-II score based on birth weight, gestational age, sex, temperature and base excess (BE) at admission. This analysis compared the power of CRIB, CRIB-II, birth weight and gestational age to predict death prior to discharge. METHODS: Of 1485 consecutive VLBW infants admitted between January 1, 1991 and December 31, 2006, who survived for >or=12 h, CRIB and CRIB-II calculations were possible in 1358 infants (92%). Predictive power of variables was assessed by comparing areas under receiver operator characteristics curves (AUC). RESULTS: CRIB (AUC [95% confidence intervals] 0.82 [0.78-0.86]) performed significantly better than birth weight (0.74 [0.69-0.79]) or gestational age (0.71 [0.66-0.76]), while CRIB-II (0.69 [0.64-0.74]) was rather inferior to CRIB and did not differ significantly from birth weight or gestational age. No substantial changes were seen when substituting worst BE during the first 12 h of life for BE at admission when calculating CRIB-II. CONCLUSIONS: CRIB-II does not result in improved estimation of mortality risk in VLBW infants as compared to CRIB, birth weight or gestational age.     

Assessing mortality risk in very low birthweight infants: a comparison of CRIB, CRIB-II, and SNAPPE-II

BACKGROUND: Illness severity scores are increasingly used for risk adjustment in clinical research and quality assessment. Recently, a simplified version of the score for neonatal acute physiology (SNAPPE-II) and a revised clinical risk index for babies (CRIB-II) score have been published. AIM: To compare the discriminatory ability and goodness of fit of CRIB, CRIB-II, and SNAPPE-II in a cohort of neonates < 1500 g birth weight (VLBWI). METHODS: Data from 720 VLBWI, admitted to 12 neonatal units in Lombardy (Northern Italy) participating in a regional network, were analysed. The discriminatory ability of the scores was assessed measuring the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Outcome measure was in-hospital death. RESULTS: CRIB and CRIB-II showed greater discrimination than SNAPPE-II (AUC 0.90 and 0.91 v 0.84, p < 0.0004), partly because of the poor quality of some of the data required for the SNAPPE-II calculation-for example, urine output-but also because of the relative weight given to some items. In addition to each score, several variables significantly influenced survival in logistic regression models. Antenatal steroid prophylaxis, singleton birth, absence of congenital anomalies, and gestational age were independent predictors of survival for all scores, in addition to caesarean section and not being small for gestation (for SNAPPE-II) and a five minute Apgar score of > or = 7 (for SNAPPE-II and CRIB). CONCLUSIONS: CRIB and CRIB-II had greater discriminatory ability than SNAPPE-II. Risk adjustment using all scores is imperfect, and other perinatal factors significantly influence VLBWI survival. CRIB-II seems to be less confounded by these factors.     

早期血乳酸清除率判断危重新生儿预后的初步观察

目的初步探讨早期血乳酸清除率在危重新生儿预后判断中的作用。方法选择东南大学附属中大医院NICU2008年6月至2009年12月收治的、胎龄28周或出生体重1000g,且存活时间6h的危重新生儿。以患儿入住NICU为研究起点(0h),进行新生儿危重病例评分(NCIS),行动脉血气分析并测定血乳酸水平;在治疗6h再次观测上述指标,计算6h乳酸清除率。以痊愈出院或死亡为研究终点,将患儿分为存活组和死亡组,以6h动脉血乳酸清除率分为高乳酸清除率(乳酸清除率≥10%)组和低乳酸清除率(乳酸清除率10%)组。分别比较各组间的病死率、NCIS评分、6h血乳酸清除率、血乳酸水平和pH差异。组内均数比较采用配对t检验,组间均数比较采用独立样本t检验,分类资料采用χ2检验。结果 126例危重新生儿进入分析,其中男74例,女52例。进入研究时平均日龄(2.54±2.9)d,平均胎龄(33.5±3.9)周;出生体重(2281±816)g。存活组102例,死亡组24例;高乳酸清除率组96例,低乳酸清除率组30例。存活组6h血乳酸清除率(32.3%±12.2%)显著高于死亡组(18.3%±1.9%),t=3.41,P0.05;高乳酸清除率组病死率(9.4%,9/96例)显著低于低乳酸清除率组(50%,15/30例),χ2=22.5,P0.05。存活组和死亡组、高乳酸清除率组和低乳酸清除率组0hNCIS评分、动脉血乳酸水平和pH值差异均无统计学意义;各组间6h血乳酸水平差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),NCIS评分差异无统计学意义。结论 6h血乳酸清除率可以作为危重新生儿预后判断的一个良好指标,为进一步深入研究血乳酸清除率与预后的相关性提供了线索。