Impact of the Conditioning Regimen Dose Intensity Before Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation on the Pulmonary Function Test Abnormalities in Patients With Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma: Single Center Experience

BackgroundMost studies addressing the impact of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) on pulmonary function test (PFT), and the various factors affecting that impact have been performed on the allogenic type. Few have addressed PFT changes in autologous SCT. This study describes PFT changes seen in autologous SCT recipients and addresses the various factors impacting these changes.Patients and MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 223 consecutive adult autologous SCT recipients. We collected pre-transplant and post-transplant data, as well as PFT data and long-term mortality.ResultsA total of 123 patients with lymphoma receiving the BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, aracytin, and melphalan) conditioning regimen had a significant 5% drop in mean forced vital capacity and total lung capacity but no significant change in forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio nor in diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide adjusted to volume. Fifteen percent of the patients with lymphoma had a clinically significant drop of 15% in their lung volume parameters. The patients with multiple myeloma receiving the melphalan conditioning regimen had no significant change in any of the PFT parameters. Smoking, baseline PFT parameters, and radiation did not affect lung function or mortality.ConclusionsAutologous SCT impact on lung function depends on the disease and conditioning regimen. It leads to a drop in lung volumes but no obstruction or decrease in diffusion in patients with lymphoma receiving the BEAM regimen. Autologous SCT did not affect lung functions in patients with multiple myeloma, and these patients may not need screening PFTs.     

Thiotepa,Etoposide, Cyclophosphamide,Cytarabine, and Melphalan (TECAM) Conditioning Regimen for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Lymphoma

Background

High-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the current standard of care for relapsed non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Conditioning regimens with high-dose carmustine have been associated with idiopathic pneumonitis syndrome. We, therefore, created a modified alternative TECAM conditioning regimen, consisting of etoposide, thiotepa, cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, and melphalan.

自体造血干细胞移植相关肝损伤的临床研究

目的探讨自体造血干细胞移植相关肝损伤的临床特点。方法回顾性分析109例接受自体造血干细胞移植的淋巴瘤患者的临床资料。结果109例淋巴瘤患者接受预处理方案化疗后,肝脏生化学的异常改变主要是氨基转移酶、总胆红素的升高,其中30.3%出现丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高,14.7%出现天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶升高,11.0%出现总胆红素升高,Ⅲ～Ⅳ度肝损伤的发生率仅为1.8%。与CBV方案比较,BEAM方案更可能导致总蛋白降低、白蛋白/球蛋白比值异常、总胆红素和间接胆红素升高。10例HBsAg阳性的淋巴瘤患者给予拉米夫定预防治疗,均未发生乙型肝炎病毒再激活。结论自体造血干细胞移植治疗淋巴瘤相关重度肝损伤的发生率低,合并乙型肝炎病毒感染者给予拉米夫定预防治疗可以有效防止乙型肝炎病毒再激活。     

A Comparison of the BEAM and MITO/MEL Conditioning Regimens for Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Analysis of Efficiency and Treatment-Related Toxicity

BackgroundApproximately half of patients with relapsed chemosensitive disease achieve robust responses with BEAM (BCNU, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan) and autologous stem cell rescue. The scarcity of comparative studies further limits alternative treatment protocols, such as the MITO/MEL (mitoxantrone, melphalan) protocol.Patients and MethodsIn this retrospective multicenter study, we compared the BEAM and MITO/MEL regimens used before autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in terms of efficacy and side effects in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Data met international accreditation rules. Before ASCT, 108 patients received the MITO/MEL, and 34 patients received the BEAM.ResultsThe median follow-up time was 36 months in the MITO/MEL group (range, 3-178) and 23 months in the BEAM group (range, 4-99). After ASCT, the 3-year expected overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 86.1% and 86.1% for the MITO/MEL group and 91.3% and 76.5% for the BEAM group, respectively. Although 50% of patients developed febrile neutropenia attacks in the MITO/MEL group, this rate was 91.1% in the BEAM group. The grade II and higher rates of hepatic, renal, gastrointestinal, and cardiac toxicities were similar in both groups. However, the rate of pulmonary toxicity was determined to be 1.9% in the MITO/MEL group and 29.4% in the BEAM group (P < .001).ConclusionThe MITO/MEL conditioning regimen seems to be as effective as the BEAM regimen but has better tolerability in terms of pulmonary toxicity and may be used as an alternative option if necessary, depending on the comorbidity status of the patient.     

Nutrition-Related Outcomes for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Patients

IntroductionAutologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) patients are at risk for malnutrition before transplantation admission as well as malnutrition acquired during their transplantation admission.Patients and MethodsIn this retrospective, observational study we examined data related to consecutive adults (n = 330) admitted for ASCT between 2014 and 2016 at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. Malnutrition risk on admission (identified by the Malnutrition Screening Tool) and transplantation-associated weight loss were analyzed for independent associations with hospital length of stay, nosocomial infection, intensive care unit transfer, deconditioning, time to platelet and neutrophil engraftment, 30-day readmission, and 1-year mortality.ResultsAdults with high malnutrition risk (n = 60) had a longer median hospital stay (P = .004), longer median time to platelet engraftment (P = .022), increased nosocomial infections (P = .047), and increased 1-year mortality (P = .036). Adults with high transplantation-associated weight loss (n = 100) experienced longer hospital stays (P < .001) and more intensive care unit transfers (P = .001). Outcomes for deconditioning, time to neutrophil engraftment, and 30-day readmission did not differ significantly on the basis of nutrition risk or weight loss.ConclusionFurther research is needed to determine whether early nutrition intervention would improve these outcomes.     

自体外周血造血干细胞移植治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨自体外周血造血干细胞移植(auto-PBSCT)治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)的疗效和安全性.、方法 行自体造血干细胞移植的16例NHL患者,其中移植前达到完全缓解状态8例(治疗组),男性3例,女性5例,平均年龄29.6岁(6～42岁);移植前为复发难治性8例(对照组).预处理均采用经典的BEAM方案(卡莫司汀、依托泊苷、阿糖胞苷、马法兰).移植后观察全部患者移植相关并发症发生情况和生存情况.结果 治疗组全部患者均获造血重建,随访至2015年10月,中位随访时间为32.1个月(0.8～67个月),治疗组除1例死于严重肺部感染外,其余7例全部处于完全缓解状态,总生存率(OS)达87.5％;对照组中1例死于多器官功能衰竭,1例死于肺部感染,2例死于败血症,2例复发死亡,2例患者存活,OS达25.0％.两组OS相比,差异有统计学意义(x2=6.349,P=0.012).结论 Auto-PB-SCT对于移植前完全缓解的患者有效、安全,对于复发难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤,可作为挽救性治疗,在临床广泛开展.     

自体造血干细胞移植支持下BEAC方案治疗晚期复发恶性淋巴瘤

目的：报告 20例恶性淋巴瘤在自体造血干细胞移植支持下接受超大剂量化疗的初步治疗经验 ,评价所用外周血造血干细胞 (peripheral blood progenitors,PBPC )动员方案的动员效果,预处理方案的远期疗效和耐受性,以及回输后造血重建情况。方法： 20例复发、晚期恶性淋巴瘤中, 1例复发霍奇金病 (Hodgkin s disease,HD),19例非霍奇金淋巴瘤 (non- Hodgkin s lymphoma,NHL）。经常规化疗获缓解后, 3例采用自体骨髓移植 (autologous bone marrow transplantation,ABMT), 17例采用自体外周血干细胞移植 (autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation,APBSCT);动员方案为环磷酰胺 (CTX)3 500 mg/m2＋ G- CSF 3.5～ 5μ g/kg＋地塞米松 10 mg,预处理方案为 BEAC(CTX 3 600～ 4 000 mg/m2,Vp- 16 1 200 mg/m2,BCNU 300 mg/m2和 Ara- C 1 500～ 2 000 mg/m2),化疗结束后 24～ 48 h回输自体造血干细胞。结果： ABMT病人回输单核细胞 (MNC)1.3(1.0～ 1.7)× 108/kg, APBSCT病人回输 MNC 1.8(1.0～ 4.4)× 108、 CFU- GM 5.1 (1.9～ 9.6 )× 105/kg和 CD34＋细胞 2.9(1.9～ 8.7)× 106/kg。回输造血干细胞后均获快速造血功能重建,中性粒细胞 (ANC)≥ 0.5× 109/L时间为 9(6～ 17)天,血小板≥     

Treatment With Bortezomib-based Therapy,Followed by Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation,Improves Outcomes in Light Chain Amyloidosis: A Retrospective Study

Background

The hematologic response is critical in patients with light chain amyloidosis because a good response is known to improve organ response and overall survival. We present a retrospective analysis to compare the hematologic and organ response in patients who received bortezomib-based therapy before autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) versus those who received non–bortezomib-based therapy before ASCT and those who underwent ASCT at diagnosis.

造血干细胞支持下大剂量LACE方案对27例难治复发性淋巴瘤疗效观察

目的:评价在造血干细胞支持下,LACE预处理方案对难治性、复发性淋巴瘤临床疗效.方法:自2001年3月至2003年7月对27例难治性、复发性淋巴瘤在造血干细胞支持下,应用LACE预处理方案:罗氮芥(L)200mg/m2,1次口服(移植前第7天),足叶乙甙(E)1g/m2,静脉点滴(移植前第7天),阿糖胞苷(A)2g/m2×d-1,静脉点滴(移植前第6、5天),环磷酰胺(C)1.8/m2×d-1,静脉点滴(移植前第4、3、2天),0天进行自体干细胞输注并进行随访观察.结果:27例患者均可耐受化疗,无移植相关死亡病例,并对移植后的患者进行随访观察,随访中位期14个月(7～35),6例复发,21例缓解.统计分析2年无瘤生存率可达70%,预计5年生存率可达55%.结论:对难治性复发性淋巴瘤,在造血干细胞支持下,LACE方案是较好的一种预处理方案.     

两日预处理方案自体造血干细胞移植治疗恶性实体瘤

目的：探索应用两日预处理方案自体造血干细胞移植治疗实体瘤的疗效与安全性。方法：13例实体瘤患者,中位年龄50岁（14-65岁）,预处理方案9例采用60Co全身照射7.9-8.3Gy加联合化疗,4例不含全身照射。化疗方案组合包括环磷酰胺、顺铂、5-氟脲嘧啶（CDF）,环磷酰胺、阿糖胞苷、足叶乙甙（CAE）,环磷酰胺、阿霉素、顺铂、足叶乙甙（CADE）。全部预处理在48小时内完成,评价疗效及相关毒性反应。结果：13例完全缓解8例（61.5%）,部分缓解2例（15.4%）,总体治疗反应率76.9%;移植相关死亡2例（15.4%）,未缓解或复发4例（30.8%）。中位随访时间14个月,最长无病生存期26个月。结论：两日预处理方案自体造血干细胞移植可有效杀伤肿瘤组织,疗效与非两日预处理方案近似,不增加预处理相关危险因素。     

自体外周血造血干细胞移植治疗多发性骨髓瘤16例临床疗效观察

目的:评价自体外周血造血干细胞移植(autologousperipheralbloodstemcelltransplantation,APBSCT)治疗多发性骨髓瘤的临床疗效。方法:16例确诊多发性骨髓瘤患者接受APBSCT,其中2例接受了二次移植,1例接受CD34+细胞筛选后的自体外周血造血干细胞移植。移植后继续常规化疗,13例患者给予α-干扰素维持治疗。结果:APBSCT可延长多发性骨髓瘤患者的无瘤生存率及总生存率,该组患者3年、5年无瘤生存率分别为18.75%±9.75%、0,平均无瘤生存时间为24.8个月。3年、5年总生存率分别为41.25%±12.72%、18.33%±10.77%,平均总生存时间为37.4个月。本组移植患者的CR率高,达76.92%,接近国外报道。而且,移植后造血重建快,移植相关并发症少。结论:APBSCT是治疗多发性骨髓瘤、改善其预后的重要手段。     

大剂量化疗结合自体造血干细胞移植治疗Ⅳ期神经母细胞瘤18例疗效探讨

目的：目前采用常规化疗对Ⅳ期神经母细胞瘤患儿治疗效果欠佳,长期生存率低,本文对采用大剂量化疗结合自体外周血造血干细胞移植及免疫治疗的18例Ⅳ期神经母细胞瘤患儿疗效进行探讨。方法：选择2005年10月～2008年8 月收治的Ⅳ期神经母细胞瘤患儿18例,移植时完全缓解（CR）8 例,部分缓解（PR）6 例,处于肿瘤进展期4 例。年龄1.41~14.33岁,平均6.46±3.25岁,中位年龄6.415 岁。原发部位：后腹膜5 例,肾上腺9 例,胸部3 例,胸腹联合1 例。强烈化疗4~18个疗程,平均9 ± 3.96个疗程,期间进行外周血造血干细胞采集、手术切除,然后进行自体外周血造血干细胞移植,术后行白介素-2 及维甲酸生物治疗,复发者行普通化疗及局部放疗,定期随访。结果：18例患儿自体外周血造血干细胞移植治疗结束后,1 例进展期患儿于移植后5 天因心肺功能衰竭死亡,17例顺利度过移植后骨髓抑制期,造血重建时间为15~19天,平均16.53± 0.91天。术后随访3~34.9 个月,平均15.89±10.37个月,中位随访时间为13.8 个月,完全缓解期8 例获得完全缓解,2 例术后1 年原发灶复发再行普通化疗及局部放疗仍敏感,带瘤生存;部分缓解期3 例获得完全缓解,3 例获得部分缓解,移植后8 个月2 例部分缓解期患儿因颅内转移死亡,1 例部分缓解期患儿带瘤生存;进展期3 例移植重建后稍缓解,分别于移植后3、4、6 个月复发、重要脏器转移死亡。完全缓解期13.8 个月无病生存率75% ;部分缓解期13.8 个月,无病生存率50% ;进展期13.8 个月,生存率为0。3 组自体干细胞移植术后13.8 个月,无病生存率有差别（P<0.05）。 3 组13.8 个月总无病生存率50% ,生存率66.7% 。结论：大剂量化疗、自体外周血造血干细胞移植及白介素-2、维甲酸生物治疗相结合治疗Ⅳ期神经母细胞瘤在移植前达到完全缓解时可取得较好疗效,部分缓解期进行自体干细胞移植可提高缓解率,进展期患儿复发率高,远期治疗效果差。     

Costs of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Using Reduced Intensity Conditioning Regimens

Reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens have allowed older patients and those with comorbidities to receive hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We analyzed medical costs from the beginning of conditioning to 100 days after HCT for 484 patients and up to 2 years for 311 patients who underwent a RIC HCT at two institutions from January 2008 to December 2010. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the association between clinical variables, center effect, and costs. Patient and transplant characteristics were comparable between the sites, although differences were seen in pretransplant performance scores. Significant predictors for lower costs for the first 100 days included a diagnosis of lymphoma/myeloma and use of human leukocyte antigen‐matched related donors. Grade II‐IV acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) was associated with higher costs. The overall short‐term costs between the two institutions were comparable when adjusted for clinical variables (p = .43). Late costs between 100 days and 2 years after HCT were available for one cohort (n = 311); median costs during this period were $39,000 and accounted for 39% of costs during the first 2 years. Late costs were not associated with any pretransplant variables, but were higher with extensive chronic GVHD and death. After adjustment for clinical characteristics, the overall costs of the RIC transplants were similar between the two institutions despite different management approaches (inpatient vs. outpatient conditioning) and accounting methodologies. Use of unrelated/alternative donors, transplant for diseases other than lymphoma or myeloma, and acute GVHD were predictors for higher early costs, and extensive chronic GVHD and death were associated with higher late costs.     

Outcomes of Intermediate Risk Karyotype Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Remission Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Compared With Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation and Chemotherapy Consolidation: A Retrospective,Propensity-score Adjusted Analysis

Introduction

Optimal post-remission therapy (PRT) for intermediate risk acute myeloid leukemia remains an area of ongoing research. We aimed to retrospectively compare outcomes following autologous stem cell transplantation (autoSCT) with allogeneic SCT (alloSCT) and consolidation chemotherapy (CMT) in patients with intermediate-risk karyotype AML in first complete remission.

自体干细胞移植治疗T细胞淋巴瘤31例临床分析

目的 探讨自体干细胞移植治疗T细胞淋巴瘤的疗效和其预后因素.方法 回顾性分析31例给予自体干细胞移植治疗的T细胞淋巴瘤的临床资料,观察3年总生存率和无进展生存率,分析一般状况(PS)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、移植前状况、分期、外周T细胞淋巴瘤预后指数(PIT)评分对生存的影响.结果 全组中位随访时间为28(5～68)个月...     

自体外周血干细胞移植治疗难治复发性恶性淋巴瘤

[目的]探讨自体外周血干细胞移植治疗难治、复发性恶性淋巴瘤的疗效.[方法]3例复发难治恶性淋巴瘤患者(其中霍奇金病2例,非霍奇金淋巴瘤1例)接受自体外周血干细胞移植.[结果]3例患者采集干细胞CD34 细胞数为3.20×106/kg～7.8×106/kg.3例自体外周血干细胞移植后均获造血重建,移植后中性粒细胞上升至＞0.5×109/L的时间为7～14d,血小板上升至＞50×109/L为10～16d.2例HD患者移植后随访18～48个月持续缓解,1例6个月后复发.[结论]自体外周血干细胞移植安全、可靠,对复发、难治恶性淋巴瘤仍有较好的疗效.     

Feasibility and Efficacy of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for HIV-Associated Lymphoma: A Single-Institution Experience

Background

HIV-associated lymphomas (HAL) remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV patients, especially in the setting of treatment-refractory disease. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is considered a curative option for patients with refractory HAL.

Impact of Cell of Origin on Outcomes After Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B cell lymphoma (GCB-DLBCL) at diagnosis is associated with superior long-term outcomes compared to non-GCB-DLBCL in patients treated with conventional chemo-immunotherapy. Whether cell of origin (COO) by Hans algorithm retains its prognostic significance in patients with (R/R) relapsed/refractory DLBCL undergoing autologous hematopoietic cell transplant (auto-HCT) is not well established. Three hundred and fifty-seven patients underwent auto-HCT between 2005 and 2018. The COO status was determined in 284 patients and these were included in the analysis. One hundred ninety-four patients had GCB-DLBCL while 90 had non-GCB-DLBCL. Median follow up was 1.7 (0-13) years. The GCB-DLBCL was associated with inferior 5-year overall survival at 44% (95%CI, 36-52) versus 64% (95%CI, 54-77) (P = .004) and a higher relapse incidence at 67% (95%CI, 58-74) versus 49% (95%CI, 35-60) (P = .01) in the non-GCB-DLBCL. The difference between GCB and non-GCB-DLBCL remained statistically significant in multivariate analysis. Additionally, response at the time of transplant was an independent prognostic factor. GCB-DLBCL was enriched in double-hit and triple hit phenotype based on available fluorescence in situ hybridization data. These results suggest an enrichment of high-risk genetic rearrangements in R/R GCB-DLBCL resulting in limited efficacy of auto-HCT.