两定点吻合法吻合食管-胃400例

食管胃吻合口瘘为食管、贲门癌外科手术治疗的并发症,其发生率近年来有所下降,但仍不能完全避免。我们在重视围手术期处理的同时,手术中采用两定点吻合法吻合食管-胃400例,无一例发生吻合口瘘,效果满意。1　临床资料1.1　一般情况　本组400例,男288例,女112例;年龄32～78岁,平均54.1岁,以40～60岁多见。根据肿瘤TNM分期,晚期癌397例,早期癌3例。1.2　手术种类　(1)经左胸食管、贲门癌切除,食管-胃吻合术342例,其中,食管中段癌切除,食管-胃颈部吻合56例;主动脉弓上食管-胃吻合72例;食管下段贲门癌切除,主动脉弓下食管-胃吻合214例。(2)经左…     

手术治疗食管癌贲门癌205例无吻合口瘘的体会

自 1993- 0 1～ 1998- 12我院连续治疗食管癌贲门癌 2 16例 ,其中手术切除 2 0 5例 ,分别行食管胃、食管空肠吻合术 ,术后未发生吻合口瘘和近期死亡。报道如下。1　临床资料本组男 144例 ,女 6 1例 ;年龄 2 6～ 78岁 ,平均 5 2岁。食管癌 87例 ,其中上段 14例 ,中段 42例 ,下段 31例。病变长度 3～ 12ｃｍ ,手术切除率 94.9% (2 0 5 / 2 16 )。根治性切除 79例占 90 .8% ,8例行姑息性切除。 118例贲门癌中 ,根治性切除 99例 ,占 84% ,19例姑息性切除。手术径路 ,左后外侧标准切口进胸行弓上和弓下吻合 15 9例 ,右胸腹颈三切口行食管胃颈部吻…     

隧道吻合术加大网膜包盖治疗食管癌、贲门癌56例

1992～ 2 0 0 3年 ,我们应用食管胃隧道式吻合术加胃大网膜包盖术 ,对食管癌、贲门癌切除术的吻合方法进行了改进 ,并治疗食管癌、贲门癌 5 6例 ,未发生吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄。1　临床资料1 1　一般情况　男 36例 ,女 2 0例 ;年龄 2 1～ 6 7岁 ,平均 5 2 35岁。食管癌 30例 ,贲门癌 2 6例。病理报告 :磷癌 2 0例 ,腺癌 36例 ;Ⅰ期 2例 ,Ⅱa期 1 0例 ,Ⅱb期 2 8例 ,Ⅲ期 1 6例。1 2　手术方法　食管癌以胸左后外侧经第 6肋床开胸 ,贲门癌以胸左后外侧经第 7肋床开胸 ,胸内食管胃隧道式吻合外加胃大网膜包盖术。常规游离胃、食管及清除区域…     

胃壁隧道式食管—胃吻合术189例

食管、喷门癌术后,吻合口瘘与狭窄是常见并发症,且病死率高,严重影响术后生存质量。为此,我院近几年来采用胃壁隧道式食管-胃吻合法治疗食管、贲门癌189例,效果满意。1　临床资料1.1　一般情况　本组男124例,女65例;年龄39～71岁,平均56岁。食管中段癌34例,下段癌59例,切除肿瘤长度4～10cm;贲门癌96例,多侵犯贲门区及小弯侧,切除病变侧近端胃大部分,食管侧距贲门肿块5cm处切断。主动脉弓上吻合38例,弓下吻合151例。1.2　手术方法　左胸后外切口,食管中、下段癌经第6肋床,贲门癌经第7肋床进胸。探查病变能切除者常规切除食管或贲门肿瘤,仔细…     

食管植入式胃食管吻合法临床应用55例

为防止食管、贲门癌切除后胃食管吻合口瘘、狭窄和反流性食管炎，我院设计了“食管植入”式冒食管吻合法，自1987年5月至1988年8月无选择地对贲门癌和贫门癌侵犯食管下段者采用此法吻合，共施术55例，效果满意，报告如下。一、临床资料本组男49例，女6例，年龄38～71岁。均为中晚期货门癌。食管受侵3cm者9例。全部采用本术式，未附加其他方法。无手术死亡，无吻合口疼和其他并发症。55例治愈出院时均可吃半流饮食，无胃排空障碍的病例。钡餐透视：同食管吻合口管腔内径1．2cm以上者12例，1～1．2cm者35例，0．8～1cm者8例。出院后3个月来院…     

食管膜层和胃全层吻合法重建贲门104例

我院自1987年8月~1995年12月为104例食管贲门癌患者施行食管黏膜层和胃全层吻合术,全组患者术后无吻合口瘘及狭窄和返流性食管炎发生。该手术时间短,方法简单,操作容易,术后并症少,现报告如下。1对象和方法1·1对象本组共104例,其中男83例,女21例,年龄34~72岁,平均48·5岁。食管上段癌8例,食管中段癌49例,食管下段癌11例,贲门癌36例。术中行食管胃颈部吻合者27例,主动脉弓上吻合者30例,主动脉弓下吻合者47例;均施行食管贲门癌切除术后的贲门重建-食管黏膜层和胃全层吻合术。1·2手术方法进胸后,行食管贲门癌肿切除,清除所属淋巴及周围组织,…     

金属内支架治疗食管上段良恶性狭窄及食管-胃吻合口瘘

我院自 2 0 0 0年 7月～ 2 0 0 1年 7月对 6例食管上段 (相当于胸 1～胸 4椎体高度 )良恶性狭窄、食管胃吻合口瘘、结肠代食管结肠胃吻合口胸腔瘘行支架置入术治疗 ,现将有关资料及治疗效果报道如下。材料与方法本组 6例均为男性 ,年龄 5 4～ 6 3岁 ,平均年龄5 8岁。均有吞咽困难 ,合并气管瘘的患者饮流质时明显呛咳 ,消化道碘水、钡餐及胃镜检查均见食管上段狭窄及食管胃吻合口狭窄 ,碘水造影可见瘘口大小及走行。食管胃吻合口肿瘤复发狭窄合并气管瘘2例 ,食管胃吻合口瘢痕狭窄 2例 ,结肠代食管结肠胃吻合口胸膜腔瘘 1例 ,食管癌性狭窄 1例…     

中晚期贲门癌112例防止胸内吻合口瘘体会

1992～ 2 0 0 0年 ,为减少中晚期贲门癌术后反流性食管炎和胸内吻合口瘘 ,我们采用根据残胃大小和食管扩张程度选择吻合口方法 ,治疗中晚期贲门癌 112例 ,效果满意。1　临床资料1 1　一般情况　 112例中 ,男 88例 ,女 2 4例 ;年龄32～ 6 7岁 ,平均 5 4岁。行弓下一层吻合 ,外加大网膜围脖式包盖 6 4例 ,食管空肠吻合 (Ｒｏｕｘ Ｙ) 9例。1 2　手术方法1 2 1　切口　均行左胸标准切口 ,为使根治性切除暴露良好 ,取右侧卧位并稍后仰 15°～ 2 0° ,从第 7肋间切口进胸。1 2 2　肿瘤切除和食管胃吻合　贲门癌按胃癌标准根治兼顾食管下段行倒…     

胃壁肌间隧道内胃食管吻合术46例

食管、贲门癌,胃食管重建手术方法颇多,但迄今为止,吻合口瘘与狭窄,反流性食管炎仍然是食管、贲门癌手术后最常见的并发症。我科自1995年以来,采用胃壁肌间隧道内胃食管重建术治疗食管癌和贲门癌46例,效果良好。1　临床资料1.1　一般情况　本组男31例,女15例;年龄43～74岁,平均58.2岁。食管下段癌29例,贲门癌7例,胃底贲门癌10例。病理诊断:鳞状细胞癌30例,腺癌16例。1.2　手术方法　全麻后取左胸后外侧切口,常规切除食管或贲门胃底肿瘤,关闭残胃断端,局部淋巴结清扫。在行消化道重建前,先制作胃前壁肌间隧道。在胃前壁大、小弯之间相对无血…     

食管内支架术结合放、化疗治疗中晚期食管癌

我们自 1996年开始对食管恶性肿瘤伴管腔狭窄而造成吞咽困难的 37例患者作食管内支架置入术 ,获得了满意的疗效。资料和方法一、临床资料37例食管狭窄伴发吞咽困难者均系恶性肿瘤所致 ,其中男性 31例 ,女性 6例 ,年龄 6 4～ 73岁 ,放疗后致食管狭窄患者 2 7例 (12例放疗后复发 ) ,食管下段癌术后 2年致吻合口狭窄 1例 ,9例为下段食管癌及胃底贲门癌侵犯下段食管 ,全部病例经食管钡餐检查和纤维胃镜及病理证实。 37例中发生在中上段的中晚期食管癌患者为 15例 (均采用放疗加化疗 ) ,食管下段癌胃底贲门癌发生肝内转移 6例。腹膜后淋巴结转移 …     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.