鄞州区预防接种证查验对入托入学儿童免疫规划疫苗接种率的影响

分析预防接种证查验对入托入学儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种率的影响,为预防控制幼托机构和学校传染病的流行提供参考.方法 采用整群抽样方法,选取宁波市鄞州区193所幼托机构16 857名幼儿和108所小学14 690名学生的入托入学儿童为调查对象,收集2016年9-12月学校教师和预防接种门诊医务人员对其进行预防接种证查验及疫苗补种数据资料,并进行统计分析.结果 接种证查验前后,幼托机构入托儿童预防接种证持证率分别为99.96%,100.00%(x2=4.17,P<0.05),国家免疫规划(NIP)疫苗全程接种率分别为92.16%,99.88%(x2=1 312.60,P<0.05),NIP疫苗补种率在95%以上.接种证查验前后,小学入学儿童预防接种证持证率分别为99.97%,100.00% (x2=3.20,P>0.05),NIP疫苗全程接种率分别为85.85%,99.74%(x2=1 268.22,P<0.05),NIP疫苗补种率在97%以上.结论 幼托机构和小学预防接种证查验可提高入托入学儿童NIP疫苗接种率和全程接种率.     

宝山区学校11起不明原因发热事件的调查分析

学校和托幼机构等集体性单位是防病工作的重点部门,学生和幼托儿童是一个特殊的群体.我区现有各类本地学校135所,幼托机构88所,幼托儿童和学生总数14万多,再加上登记在册的68所外来希望学校,全区幼托儿童及学生总数达18万多,占全区总人口的14.5%.因此,学校和幼托机构的传染病的防制工作显得尤为重要.2003年4月16日～5月23日不到40 d时间,宝山区疾病预防控制中心(CDC)共接到11起基层医院电话报告,称学校或幼托机构中有多名同学出现不明原因发热症状,请求协助调查.区CDC对每起事件都进行核实调查处理,现将调查情况总结如下.     

如东县掘港镇入园入学预防接种证查验及补种效果分析

入园入学查验预防接种证是保证儿童及时获得国家免疫规划疫苗接种、控制学校相关传染病发生的有效措施[1-2].为了解儿童预防接种证查验及国家免疫规划疫苗接种情况,杜绝校园内免疫空白现象,防止疫苗相关传染病在幼托机构和学校内的传播和蔓延,指导今后的免疫规划工作,根据《江苏省入托入学儿童预防接种证查验及疫苗补种工作实施方案》要求,2013年9月掘港镇卫生所对辖区内新入园入学及转学儿童开展了预防接种证查验工作,现将查验及补种结果报告如下.     

闵行区执行儿童凭证入托入园入学制度管理的探讨

闵行区执行儿童凭证入托入园入学制度管理的探讨倪政，张全康，杨海燕，倪正帼（上海市闵行区卫生防疫站，上海市，２０１１００）上海市自１９８６年起，在全市统一实行儿童凭《儿童预防接种证》（下称接种证）入托儿所、幼儿园和中小学的制度。对控制学校和幼托机构计划...     

6054名入托儿童体格发育状况的调查

为了解宁波市海曙区托幼机构儿童的体格发状况,为幼托机构儿保工作提供参考依据,我们于2004年5月～6月对全区46家幼托机构6054名儿童的体格发育状况进行了调查。     

2007年荔浦县儿童预防接种证查验情况分析

荔浦县于2006年在全县范围内正式实施新入学入托儿童预防接种证查验制度。为使此项工作全面开展,现将2007年9月荔浦县幼托机构及小学新入托入学儿童预防接种证查验结果分析如下。1材料和方法1.1资料来源2007年荔浦县各乡镇上报的入托入学预防接种证查验资料及报表。1.2调查对象     

幼托机构预防手足口病存在的问题及建议

手足口病是由多种肠道病毒感染所致的急性传染病，发病以儿童为主，幼儿园、托儿所容易发生病例聚集现象，所以幼托机构是手足口病的重点防治单位。为了有效预防和控制托幼机构手足口病的流行对儿童身体健康造成危害，2009年6月我们对本社区内幼托机构手足口病防治情况进行了专项调查，报告如下。     

某市开发区学校食堂卫生监督中存在的问题与对策

<正>学校、幼托机构食堂的食品卫生工作一直以来都是学校卫生监督管理的重中之重。食堂卫生状况如何将直接关系到中小学生和幼托机构学生的健康成长,关系到学校和社会的安定和谐。为切实保障各类在校学生的食品卫生安全,作者对昆山市开发区各类学校卫生现状进行调查,找出存在问     

某地2 889名入托入学儿童预防接种情况调查

预防接种证是儿童预防接种情况的原始凭据,是既往免疫情况的记录依据。为了解入托入学儿童预防接种情况,提高学校和家长对预防接种工作和持有预防接种证重要性的认识,笔者对石嘴山市某区2889名入托入学儿童进行了调查。1对象与方法1.1对象石嘴山市某区2006年小学入学新生2232名     

昆山市2005年入托入学新生预防接种证查验情况调查

我市从上世纪80年代起已开始执行各托幼机构和小学凭预防接种证入托入学,但由于多种原因导致全市凭证入托入学率忽高忽低。2005年国务院颁布了《疫苗流通和预防接种管理条例》,进一步强调了凭证入托入学工作的重要性。为贯彻国务院《疫苗流通和预防接种管理条例》,加强我市托幼机构、学校入托入学学生预防接种证查验和漏缺种儿童补证补种工作,切实提高学生免疫水平,我们于2006年各托幼机构、学校春季开学时,对全市各托幼机构和学校预防接种证查验工作进行了调查,现将结果分析报告如下。     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.