提高颅神经显微血管减压术疗效的临床研究(附1950例报告)

目的探讨微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛、面肌痉挛、舌咽神经痛方法的改进措施和提高治疗效果的临床经验.方法自1984年12月至2004年6月采用微血管减压术治疗1950例颅神经血管压迫综合征病例,其中三叉神经痛1 515例,面肌痉挛400例,舌咽神经痛35例.结果全部病例术中均发现有明确的压迫血管,总有效1 886例,有效率为96.7%,无死亡病例.由于显微外科技术的应用及手术技巧的提高,并发症发生率由8年前的10.55%下降到近8年的2.88%.结论显微血管减压术是三叉神经痛、面肌痉挛和舌咽神经痛最有效的治疗方法.术中颅神经根部的显露、责任血管的识别及减压材料的放置等是影响手术效果的关键.提高微血管减压术的治愈率、减少并发症及复发率有多方面因素值得考虑.     

家族性原发性颅神经疾病一例报告并文献复习

目的 报告家族性原发性颅神经疾病1例,并对其病因学及治疗学进行探讨. 方法1例家族性原发性颅神经疾病,调查其三代共有5例原发性颅神经疾病患者,包括了三叉神经痛、面肌痉挛、舌咽神经痛等7侧(根)颅神经病变,其中3例采用手术治疗.结果 患者A,右三叉神经痛发病10年后行右三叉神经周围支撕脱术,术后疼痛好转,随访10年至患者去世未再发生严重发作.患者B,右三叉神经痛发病10年后行右三叉神经根显微血管减压术及感觉根选择性部分切断术,术后疼痛消失,随访14年未复发;5年前出现左三叉神经痛,2004年10月行左三叉神经根显微血管减压术,术后疼痛消失,随访44个月未复发.患者C,右舌咽神经痛10年,曾行显微血管减压术及舌咽神经根、迷走神经根丝选择性部分切断术等3次手术,前2次手术无效,第3次手术后有效,半年后出现右三叉神经痛,行右三叉神经根显微血管减压术后治愈.患者D,左面肌痉挛7年,未手术.患者E,右三叉神经痛1年,未手术.结论 家族性原发性颅神经疾病罕见.原发性颅神经疾病出现家族性泛发病例可能与后颅窝容积小、后循环解剖变异、颅神经高易感性、血管迂曲硬化延长等异常发生率高有关,可用颅神经进或出脑干区血管压迫学说解释其病因.颅神经根显微血管减压术可作为首选外科治疗方法.     

显微血管减压术治疗多根颅神经疾患

目地探讨显微血管减压术治疗同一病人并存多根颅神经疾患病例的疗效。方法采用显微血管减压术治疗同一病人并存多根颅神经疾患病例。包括同侧三叉神经痛合并舌咽神经痛12例,同侧三叉神经痛合并面肌痉挛3例,同侧舌咽神经痛合并面肌痉挛2例,双侧三叉神经痛3例,双侧面肌痉挛2例,双侧舌咽神经痛1例。结果术后总有效率100%,治愈率97.83%(45/46),平均随访30.57个月,治愈率97.83%(45/46),仅1例次三叉神经痛复发,再次手术后治愈。结论显微血管减压术是治疗同一病人并存多根颅神经疾患病例安全有效的显微外科手术方法。     

颅神经血管压迫综合征微血管减压术治疗探讨

目的探讨用微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛、面肌痉挛、舌咽神经痛等颅神经血管压迫综合征的临床经验。方法系统回顾1999年至2005年我们采用微血管减压术治疗神经血管压迫综合征病例420例，其中三叉神经痛282例，面肌痉挛120例．舌咽神经痛18例。结果总有效406例，有效率96．67％，本组无死亡病例。结论微血管减压术是治疗颅神经血管压迫综合征的有效方法。     

颅神经血管压迫综合征的手术治疗探讨

目的:探讨用微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛,面肌痉挛,舌咽神经痛等神经血管压迫综合征治疗方法临床经验。方法:系统回顾1999年至2005年我们采用微血管减压术治疗神经血管压迫综合征病例420例,其中三叉神经痛282例,面肌痉挛120例,舌咽神经痛18例结果:总有效406例,有效率96.7%,本组无死亡。结论:微血管减压术是治疗颅神经血管压迫综合征的有效方法。     

锁孔微血管减压手术治疗颅神经疾病(附112例报道)

目的探讨锁孔微血管减压手术治疗颅神经疾病的疗效和安全性。方法本组男35例,女77例,年龄27～79岁,病程1～10年,其中三叉神经痛62例,面肌痉挛48例,三叉神经痛合并面肌痉挛1例,舌咽神经痛1例。所有患者术前行CT和MRI检查,排除颅内占位性病变后,在全麻下行锁孔微血管减压手术。结果 62例三叉神经痛患者中58例术后疼痛症状消失,手术有效率为93.55%,48例面肌痉挛患者中44例术后痉挛停止或显著减轻,手术有效率为91.67%,1例三叉神经痛合并面肌痉挛术后疼痛及痉挛均消失,1例舌咽神经痛术后疼痛症状消失。本组术后出现听力下降10例,口唇疱疹5例,迟发性面瘫2例,一过性头晕、耳鸣2例,脑脊液耳漏2例,蛛网膜下腔出血1例,幕上双侧硬膜下血肿1例,均经对症处理好转。随访发现5例患者症状复发,复发率为4.46%。结论锁孔微血管减压术是治疗颅神经疾病最有效的方法,熟练的显微外科技术、术中正确识别责任血管以及充分的减压是提高手术疗效、减少症状复发的关键。     

显微血管减压术治疗颅神经疾病的现状与发展

应用显微血管减压术治疗颅神经疾病主要包括特发性偏侧面肌痉挛、原发性三叉神经痛和原发性舌咽神经痛。1966年Jannetta首创显微血管减压术,认为小脑桥脑角(cerebellopontine angle,CPA)     

微血管减压术治疗桥小脑角区颅神经压迫综合征的疗效分析

目的 探讨微血管减压术（MVD）治疗桥小脑角区颅神经压迫综合征的疗效。方法 回顾性分析我院2012年1月至2014年2月采用MVD治疗的232例颅神经压迫综合征患者的临床资料,其中三叉神经痛93例,面肌痉挛132例,舌咽神经痛7例。结果 术后症状完全消失197例（三叉神经痛81例,面肌痉挛109例,舌咽神经痛7例）,明显减轻23例（三叉神经痛8例,面肌痉挛15例）,无明显缓解12例（三叉神经痛4例,面肌痉挛8例）。结论 MVD治疗颅神经压迫综合征安全有效,充分的影像学检查、良好的术野暴露、准确的责任血管判断、适当的减压材料放置和细致的显微手术操作可以明显提高手术安全及疗效。     

颅神经血管压迫综合征手术治疗的探讨

目的总结采用微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛、面肌痉挛和舌咽神经痛等颅神经血管压迫综合征的临床治疗经验。方法系统回顾2006年1月至2009年3月采用微血管减压术治疗颅神经血管压迫综合征患者256例,其中三叉神经痛134例,面肌痉挛117例,舌咽神经痛5例。结果三叉神经痛患者手术有效率为94.8%,面肌痉挛患者为96.6%,5例舌咽神经痛患者术后症状均消失。本组术后发生轻度不良反应者15例,占5.9%;发生较重并发症6例,占2.3%,没有死亡病例。术后有效的患者中,168例获得随访,平均随访36个月,复发12例,复发率为7.1%。结论微血管减压术是治疗颅神经血管压迫综合征的有效方法,良好的外科手术技能可有效地降低术后并发症的发生。     

锁孔下颅神经显微血管减压手术技巧及疗效分析：附513 例报告

目的 总结锁孔下微血管减压手术治疗原发性颅神经疾患的手术技巧及疗效.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月~2016年1月采用微血管减压术治疗原发性颅神经疾患513例(三叉神经痛263例、面肌痉挛234例、舌咽神经痛患者16例)的手术技巧及并发症的防治.结果 本组无死亡病例及其他严重并发症发生,三叉神经痛患者手术治愈率为94.67%,面肌痉挛手术治愈率为97.01%,舌咽神经痛治愈率为75.00%.结论 显微血管减压术是治疗原发性颅神经疾患的可靠方法,熟练的显微外科技术和丰富的手术经验及对于解剖的熟悉程度是手术治疗颅神经疾患的基础.     

锁孔手术治疗脑神经疾病274例分析

目的观察锁孔手术治疗各类脑神经疾病的安全性和疗效。方法采用锁孔手术治疗各类颅神经疾病274例．其中26例继发于颅内肿瘤的三叉神经痛患者行肿瘤切除，248例原发性脑神经疾病患者行微血管减压手术，并对手术方法进行了一定的改良。结果26例继发性三叉神经痛患者21例疼痛停止，3例减轻，2例无效：三叉神经痛微血管减压手术的早期疗效为95．7％，远期疗效为94.5％；面肌痉挛的早期疗效为94.2％，远期疗效为92．8％；7例舌咽神经痛患者疗效满意。结论锁孔手术对减少手术创伤有重要意义；微血管减压术是治疗各类原发性脑神经疾病的安全、有效方法，在各类脑神经疾病的发生中，异位血管压迫脑神经起重要作用，手术方式的改良有益于提高手术疗效和减少并发症的发生。     

Surface rendered three-dimensional MR imaging for the evaluation of trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm

Surface rendered three-dimensional (SR3D) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to visualize the cerebellopontine angle nerves, blood vessels and brain stem and compared with the operative view in patients undergoing microvascular decompression. Thirty-one patients with 32 affected nerves manifesting as trigeminal neuralgia (TN, 16 cases), hemifacial spasm (HFS, 14 cases) and glossopharyngeal neuralgia (2 cases) underwent microvascular decompression at the Kanto Neurosurgical Hospital between February 2001 and July 2002. Preoperative MR imaging and MR angiography were performed in all patients. The SR3D MR image and the operative view correlated in 30 of the 31 patients. A very thin artery was not detected in one patient with TN. SR3D MR imaging can clearly demonstrate the three-dimensional relationship between the nerves and the offending vessel, so is very effective for the preoperative planning of microvascular decompression in cases of TN and HFS.     

Lipoma Causing Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: A Case Report and Review of Literature

The cerebello-pontine angle lipomas causing trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm are rare. A lipoma causing glossopharyngel neuralgia is also very rare. A 46-year-old woman complained of 2-year history of severe right throat pain, with ipsilateral episodic otalgic pain. The throat pain was described as an episodic lancinating character confined to the throat. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a suspicious offending posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) compressing lower cranial nerves including glossopharyngeal nerve. At surgery, a soft, yellowish mass (2×3×3 mm in size) was found incorporating the lateral aspect of proximal portion of 9th and 10th cranial nerves. Only microvascular decompression of the offending PICA was performed. Additional procedure was not performed. Her severe lancinating pain remained unchanged, immediate postoperatively. The neuralgic pain disappeared over a period of several weeks. In this particular patient with a fatty neurovascular lump causing glossopharyngeal neuralgia, microvascular decompression of offending vessel alone was enough to control the neuralgic pain.     

Intracranial microvascular decompression for “cryptogenic” hemifacial spasm,tirgeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia,paroxysmal vertigo and tinnitus: II. Clinical study and long-term follow up

20 patients who had undergone microvascular decompression for the treatment of “idiopathic” trigeminal neuralgia (9 cases), hemifacial spasm, (7 cases), glossopharyngeal neuralgia (3 cases) and paroxysmal vertigo and tinnitus (1 case) were followed up for 25 months on average. Permanent relief of symptoms was observed in 19 (95%), with sparing of cranial nerve function. Analysis of the clinical data shows that the patients described in the present series did not differ from those considered to suffer from “idiopathic” cranial nerve dysfunction syndromes. The importance of vascular cross compression as etiological factor in such conditions is stressed and the pathophysiology discussed. The term “cryptogenic” applied to trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm thus needs revising. Lastly, the indications of microvascular decompression in the treatment of “cryptogenic” cranial nerve dysfunction syndromes are defined.     

微血管减压治疗颅神经血管压迫综合症（附1470例报告）

目的：探讨用微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛,面肌痉挛、舌咽神经痛等神经血管压迫综合征治疗方法改进措施和提高治疗效果的临床经验,方法：系统回顾1984年至1999年我们采用微血管减压术治疗神经血管压迫综合征证病例1470例,其中三叉神经痛1120例,面肌痉挛320例,舌咽神经痛30例。结果：总有效1421例,有效率96.7%,本组无死亡。并发症发生率由5年前5.6%下降到近5年的1.6%。结论：提高微血管减压术的治愈率、减少并发症有多方面因素值得考虑。     

Intracranial microvascular decompression for “cryptogenic” hemifacial spasm,trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia,paroxysmal vertigo and tinnitus: I. Surgical technique and results

Intracranial microvascular decompression was performed in 21 out of 24 patients with hyperactive dysfunction of cranial nerves: 8 cases of hemifacial spasm, 12 of trigeminal neuralgia, 3 of glossopharyngeal neuralgia and 1 case of paroxysmal vertigo and tinnitus. In 21 cases an abnormal vascular loop was found to impinge on the root entry zone of the nerve in the brainstem. Dissection of this loop with decompression of the nerve resulted in long-lasting relief of symptoms in all but two patients who presented early recurrence; in one of these a second procedure was eventually successful. In two patients with trigeminal neuralgia a benign tumor of the cerebellopontine angle that had escaped preoperative diagnosis was present. Finally, in one case no compressive lesions were found. From the data of the literature and from our present experience microvascular decompression can be considered a safe as well as an effective procedure, affording a high success rate in conditions often or usually resistant to medical treatment and erroneously considered “idiopathic”.