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体外膜肺氧合 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
体外膜肺氧合 ( ECMO)是一种呼吸循环支持技术 ,其原理是经导管将静脉血引到体外 ,在血泵的驱动下 ,经过膜式氧合器氧合 ,再输回患者体内。对呼吸衰竭的患者 ,将大部分血在体外氧合 ,有利于低氧血症的纠正和肺部病变的恢复 ;对循环衰竭患者 ,心肺转流可降低肺动脉高压和右心室负荷 ,减少左心室的充盈和射血 ,对双侧心室的功能恢复有益。 ECMO的实施需要内外科医师、灌注师、呼吸治疗师、营养师、药剂师、护士等的密切配合 ,是一个反映医院综合水平的系统工程。ECMO的适应症 :1患者心肺功能损害可逆 ,预期在 2~3周恢复 ;2急性呼吸衰竭… 相似文献
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龙村 《内科急危重症杂志》2013,19(3):132-134
体外膜肺氧合原理和现状体外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,ECMO)是将血液从体内引到体外,经膜肺氧合再用泵将血灌入体内,可进行长时间心肺支持。ECMO治疗期间,心脏和肺得到充分休息,全身氧供和血流动力学处在相对稳定状态。此时膜式氧合器 相似文献
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体外膜肺氧合(Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation,ECMO)是一种体外生命支持技术,根据置管方法的不同可分为静脉-静脉体外氧合和静脉-动脉体外氧合两种工作模式。ECMO可为呼吸衰竭、心力衰竭或心肺同时衰竭的患者提供临时生命支持(通常数天至数周)。ECMO相关的并发症仍是限制其临床疗效的重要因素。现将ECMO的应用现状和可能出现的并发症及其防治方法综述如下。 相似文献
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目的分析心脏手术后应用ECMO支持治疗患者的下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药情况。方法收集、分析我院2006年1月至2010年10月应用ECMO辅助治疗患者的下呼吸道感染资料。结果共分离出阳性菌116株,其中革兰氏阴性菌占65.5%,以鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和阴沟肠杆菌居多,显示多药耐药。革兰氏阳性菌占22.4%,包括金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌等,对万古霉素较为敏感。真菌占12.1%,主要有白色假丝酵母菌和光滑球拟假丝酵母菌等,对氟康唑、5-氟胞嘧啶等敏感性较高。结论心脏手术后ECMO支持治疗的患者下呼吸道感染发病率高,应严格无菌操作,合理使用抗生素,以降低病死率。 相似文献
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目的:探讨体外膜肺氧合技术(ECMO)在成年心脏手术后心肺复苏(CPR)困难患者的应用经验。方法:回顾分析2010年1月至2012年9月期间,7例心脏手术后因CPR困难应用ECMO救治的成年患者的临床资料,男性4例,女性3例,年龄42~65岁,平均(54±7)岁,其中冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)6例,主动脉瓣置换术1例。全部患者均经股动静脉插管建立ECMO辅助。结果:7例患者CPR时间40~65 min,平均(53±7)min,建立ECMO辅助后全部患者均恢复自主心律,ECMO辅助时间36~128 h,平均(85±26)h,监护室停留时间2~8d,平均(5±1)d。辅助24h后患者平均动脉压(MBP)、血乳酸(Lac)及正性肌力药物评分(IS)均明显改善。6例(85.7%)患者成功撤离ECMO辅助,其中3例(42.9%)存活出院,1例患者因无法脱机而死亡,3例成功脱机后因感染及中枢神经系统并发症死亡;4例患者同时应用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP),3例进行肾替代治疗(CRRT)。结论:体外膜肺心肺复苏(ECPR)可以提供紧急生命支持,挽救部分常规方法复苏困难的心脏术后心脏骤停患者的生命。 相似文献
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107例体外膜肺氧合并发症回顾分析 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
目的:总结阜外心血管病医院107例应用体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)支持治疗患者的并发症发生情况,探讨ECMO并发症的发生和防治,提高ECMO救治水平。方法:阜外医院2004年12月至2008年12月共对107例患者行ECMO支持治疗,回顾性分析总结其临床资料,探讨其并发症发生情况、原因、防治及并发症对ECMO结果的影响。结果:ECMO机械并发症主要有氧合器渗漏(28.4%)、氧合器置换(27.5%)及管路血栓(20.6%)等;机体并发症主要有出血和渗血(32.7%)、肾功能不全(28.3%)、溶血(14.0%)、感染(14例;13.1%)、神经系统并发症(11.2%)、肢体远端缺血(9例;8.4%)及多器官功能衰竭(6例;5.6%)等。肾衰、肢体缺血坏死、多器官功能衰竭(MSOR)及DIC等并发症影响患者预后。结论:ECMO并发症较多,危害较大,应尽量减少和避免并发症,对其积极治疗,进一步提高ECMO的救治水平。 相似文献
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目的 分析我院成人心胸外科术后患者应用体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)治疗的临床资料,总结ECMO治疗经验及其相关并发症的防治措施.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年6月在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院心胸外科术后因心肺功能不全行ECMO治疗的23例患者的临床资料,其中男性16例、女性7例,年龄(64.5±8.9)岁.... 相似文献
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超声心动图在体外膜肺氧合对心脏支持的应用价值 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨超声心动图在体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)支持辅助中对心脏的监测作用。方法:2004年12月~2005年8月间连续10例因低心排接受 Veno-Aterial ECMO 支持,其中心脏外科术后8例,心肌病急性心力衰竭拟心脏移植的2例患者,年龄13~60岁,平均(44±12)岁。仪器为 Philips iE33和 sonos 5500彩超仪,均在床旁进行检查,分别在 ECMO 安置前、ECMO 辅助后(撤机前30 min 内流量减至最低)前后观察患者左心室射血分数(INEF)、左心室舒张末前后径(LVEDD)等指标,结合患者临床资料(心率、血压、左心房压及血氧饱和度)对比。并观察并发症情况。结果:10例患者 ECMO 辅助后的 LVEF、LVEDD、心率、血压、左心房压及动脉血氧饱和度均有改善。并发症的检出:机械瓣异常、左心房血栓、心包血凝块、二尖瓣狭窄未纠正各1例。结论:彩色多普勒超声心动图可无创实时评价 ECMO 辅助前后心脏结构及功能变化,及时发现其并发症。 相似文献
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目的总结体外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,ECMO)治疗心脏外科术后出现严重心功能衰竭的应用经验。方法选择自2009年10月至2013年2月在中山市人民医院进行心脏外科手术,且术后出现急性心功能衰竭而应用ECMO治疗的22例患者为研究对象,总结其应用ECMO治疗的临床情况。结果上机维持时间为(100.0±89.2)h。因心脏功能无法恢复,无法撤机并死亡4例;成功撤机18例,其中4例顺利撤机,但仍最终死亡;顺利恢复并出院14例。辅助过程中主要并发症为出血和感染。结论 ECMO的应用有利于辅助心肺功能和防治并发症,对于心脏术后心功能衰竭的治疗疗效肯定。 相似文献
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Stephen J. Dolgner Eric V. Krieger Jacob Wilkes Susan L. Bratton Ravi R. Thiagarajan Cindy S. Barrett Titus Chan 《Congenital heart disease》2019,14(4):559-570
Objective: Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients who undergo cardiac surgery are at risk for poor outcomes, including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
support (ECMO) and death. Prior studies have demonstrated risk factors for mortality, but have not fully examined risk factors for ECMO or death without ECMO
(DWE). We sought to identify risk factors for ECMO and DWE in adults undergoing
congenital heart surgery in tertiary care children’s hospitals.
Design: All adults (≥18 years) undergoing congenital heart surgery in the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database between 2003 and 2014 were included. Patients were classified into three groups: ECMO‐free survival, requiring ECMO, and DWE. Univariate analyses were performed, and multinomial logistic regression models were constructed examining ECMO and DWE as independent outcomes.
Setting: Tertiary care children’s hospitals.
Results: A total of 4665 adult patients underwent ACHD surgery in 39 children’s hospitals with 51 (1.1%) patients requiring ECMO and 64 (1.4%) patients experiencing DWE. Of the 51 ECMO patients, 34 (67%) died. Increasing patient age, surgical complexity, diagnosis of single ventricle heart disease, preoperative hospitalization, and the presence of noncardiac complex chronic conditions (CCC) were risk factors for both outcomes. Additionally, low and medium hospital ACHD surgical volume was associated with an increased risk of DWE in comparison with ECMO.
Conclusions: There are overlapping but separate risk factors for ECMO support and DWE among adults undergoing congenital heart surgery in pediatric hospitals. 相似文献
Design: All adults (≥18 years) undergoing congenital heart surgery in the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database between 2003 and 2014 were included. Patients were classified into three groups: ECMO‐free survival, requiring ECMO, and DWE. Univariate analyses were performed, and multinomial logistic regression models were constructed examining ECMO and DWE as independent outcomes.
Setting: Tertiary care children’s hospitals.
Results: A total of 4665 adult patients underwent ACHD surgery in 39 children’s hospitals with 51 (1.1%) patients requiring ECMO and 64 (1.4%) patients experiencing DWE. Of the 51 ECMO patients, 34 (67%) died. Increasing patient age, surgical complexity, diagnosis of single ventricle heart disease, preoperative hospitalization, and the presence of noncardiac complex chronic conditions (CCC) were risk factors for both outcomes. Additionally, low and medium hospital ACHD surgical volume was associated with an increased risk of DWE in comparison with ECMO.
Conclusions: There are overlapping but separate risk factors for ECMO support and DWE among adults undergoing congenital heart surgery in pediatric hospitals. 相似文献
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体外膜肺氧合近年来在危重症患者的临床应用逐渐增多,本文通过回顾近年来的相关文献,对体外膜肺氧合技术发展的历史背景、基本原理、技术操作、临床应用及前景作一综述。 相似文献
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Background: A number of cardiac patients on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) at our institution were found to have hyperlucent foci evident on echocardiography. However, the clinical significance of these findings is not known. Methods: To investigate this phenomenon further we undertook a retrospective analysis to determine the prevalence and clinical implications of hyperlucent foci in children supported with VA‐ECMO. Results: From January 2002 to September 2009 49 subjects were supported with VA‐ECMO. Of these, 12 (24%) were found to have hyperlucent foci. Foci were multifocal in six subjects (50%) and the most common location was left ventricular wall. No association was noted between primary cardiac diagnoses, or for inciting reason for placement on ECMO (extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation vs. transition from cardiopulmonary bypass to ECMO). There was no association between the presence of the foci and death in less than 14 days following decannulation from ECMO, hospital survival 42% versus 43%, P = 0.1. Among subjects who survived at least 14 days after ECMO decannulation hyperlucent foci resolved in 5 of 7. Conclusions: Hyperlucent foci can be seen in children supported by VA‐ECMO. They do not portend a poorer prognosis. Among hospital survivors resolution is the norm. (Echocardiography 2011;28:358‐362) 相似文献
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目的:总结心脏外科术后脱离体外循环机困难的患者接受体外膜式氧合(ECMO)治疗的临床经验。方法:2004年9月至2010年12月北京安贞医院共38例患者行ECMO治疗,男性29例,女性9例,年龄6个月~74岁,ECMO辅助时间6~280 h,平均65 h。结果:ECMO成功脱机20例(52.6%),其中14例(36.8%)痊愈,6例脱机后死亡;18例未能脱机均死亡。结论:ECMO对于体外循环脱机困难患者是一种有效的辅助措施,及早应用并积极防治ECMO并发症可提高院内生存率。 相似文献