坏死性小肠结肠炎新生儿血浆D-乳酸水平变化的意义

目的 探讨坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)新生儿血浆D-乳酸水平变化的意义.方法 选择诊断为NEC 50例新生儿为NEC组(其中NECⅡ期30例,NECⅢ期20例).选择同期非NEC新生儿50例为对照组.NEC组于NEC确诊24 h内,对照组于相应日龄取外周静脉血2 mL,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血浆D-乳酸水平,采用受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线确定血浆D-乳酸阳性标准.根据NEC发生时血浆D-乳酸水平分为D-乳酸升高组和D-乳酸正常组,根据NEC患儿病情转归分为病死组和存活组,比较不同组间血浆D-乳酸水平、新生儿危重病例评分(NCIS)分值、并脓毒症的发生率、病死率的差异.结果 NECⅢ期组、NECⅡ期组和对照组血浆D-乳酸水平分别为(36.2±10.3) mg·L-1、(28.6±12.5) mg·L-1和(3.8±2.6)mg·L-1,3组比较差异有统计学意义(F=7.63,P＜0.05).ROC曲线分析显示,血浆D-乳酸阳性标准为≥7 mg·L-1,预测NEC的敏感性为80.0％,特异性为84.6％,假阴性率为15.4％,假阳性率为20.0％.D-乳酸升高组并脓毒症发生率、病死率较高,NCIS评分较低,与D-乳酸正常组比较差异均有统计学意义(Pa＜0.05);病死组血浆D-乳酸水平、并脓毒症发生率较高,NCIS评分较低,与存活组比较差异均有统计学意义(Pa＜0.05).结论 血浆D-乳酸水平能较敏感地反映NEC新生儿的病情,可作为预测NEC程度和预后的指标之一.     

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎防治的研究进展

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)是新生儿较常见的胃肠道疾病,是早产儿死亡的主要原因,其发病机制目前尚不明确.近年来,国内外学者对NEC的危险因素、发病机制、治疗及预防作了大量的深入研究,试图从喂养方式、微生态制剂的应用、病原菌感染的控制、营养因子或细胞因子的干预等手段来减少NEC的发病率和病死率.     

肠型脂肪酸结合蛋白和粪钙卫蛋白联合检测在足月新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎中的应用价值

目的 探讨肠型脂肪酸结合蛋白 （I-FABP）、粪钙卫蛋白 （FC）联合检测在足月新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎 （NEC）诊断中的应用价值。方法 选择足月新生儿NEC36例 （病例组）和同期非消化系统疾病新生儿39例 （对照组）为研究对象。采用酶联免疫吸附法 （ELISA）分别检测两组患儿血清I-FABP及粪便中FC的水平,并评估I-FABP联合FC诊断NEC的临床价值。结果 病例组I-FABP和FC显著高于对照组 （P < 0.05）;病例组患儿血清I-FABP与粪便中FC呈现正相关 （r=0.71,P < 0.05）;分别以I-FABP、FC及两指标联合为参考,诊断NEC的敏感性分别为83.3%,81.5%和79.5%;特异性分别为72.5%,75.8和86.3%,诊断的ROC曲线下面积 （AUC）分别为0.82,0.81和0.88。联合检测诊断NEC的特异性和AUC明显高于单一检测 （P < 0.05）。结论 I-FABP与FC在NCE患儿显著升高,且两者存在相关性,联合检查可提高诊断NEC的特异性。     

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎防治的研究进展

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)是新生儿较常见的胃肠道疾病,是早产儿死亡的主要原因,其发病机制目前尚不明确.近年来,国内外学者对NEC的危险因素、发病机制、治疗及预防作了大量的深入研究,试图从喂养方式、微生态制剂的应用、病原菌感染的控制、营养因子或细胞因子的干预等手段来减少NEC的发病率和病死率.     

益生菌防治新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎机制研究进展

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis, NEC)是导致新生儿尤其是早产儿和低出生体重儿死亡的病因之一。NEC的发生与新生儿肠道菌群定植延迟和结构紊乱密切相关。近些年大量研究认为,益生菌可通过调节肠道菌群结构,增强肠道屏障功能,减少病原菌定植和迁移,同时促进新生儿肠道免疫细胞发育和功...     

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎预后相关因素分析

目的：探讨影响新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）患儿预后的相关因素。方法对本院2008年12月至2012年12月收治的124例NEC患儿进行回顾性分析。根据患儿的预后分为死亡组与存活组,比较两组临床资料,分析影响其预后的主要因素。结果两组在出生体重、肠鸣音减弱或消失、WBC≥20×10^9/L或＜4×10^9/L、代谢性酸中毒、弥漫性腹膜炎、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（NRDS）等因素上比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论极低出生体重、肠鸣音减弱或消失、WBC≥20×10^9/L或＜4×10^9/L、代谢性酸中毒、弥漫性腹膜炎、NRDS等是影响NEC患儿预后的主要因素,应及早发现并采取综合治疗,以提高NEC患儿存活率。     

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎危险因素临床分析

目的探讨新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)发病的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2008—2011年3家医院新生儿重症监护病房收治的NEC患儿(观察组)及非NEC患儿(对照组)的临床资料,包括产科因素、产时情况、新生儿一般情况、NEC发病前疾病情况及有无应用益生菌等28个项目,应用SAS软件进行单因素和多因素分析。结果观察组92例,对照组130例,两组胎龄和出生体重差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素分析显示,观察组产时窒息、肺炎、呼吸衰竭、生后吸氧、败血症、感染性休克、弥漫性血管内凝血、低钠血症和低钙血症的比例高于对照组,产前应用糖皮质激素、发病前喂养、高胆红素血症和口服益生菌的比例低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各项两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,高胆红素血症(OR=0.205)和口服益生菌(OR=0.056)为新生儿NEC的保护因素,肺炎(OR=3.645)和败血症(OR=7.826)为危险因素。NEC组患儿发病前喂养率明显低于对照组(OR=0.072,95%CI0.010～0.501,P<0.01)。结论肺炎、败血症是新生儿NEC发病的危险因素,高胆红素血症、口服益生菌是新生儿NEC发病的保护因素,发病前喂养率低与基础疾病致延迟开奶有关。     

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎治疗中的矛盾与对策

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)是新生儿常见且严重的胃肠道急症,是新生儿主要死亡原因之一,在其治疗中常遇到各种矛盾,如禁食与喂养、抗生素应用及益生菌应用、是否手术治疗等。现就NEC治疗中常见矛盾问题提出解决对策。     

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的防治进展

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）是新生儿时期严重的肠道炎症性疾病,是早产儿、低出生体重儿早期死亡的主要原因之一.随着对NEC发病机制的深入了解,除传统上禁食、全胃肠外营养、对症治疗及严重者外科治疗的应用等防治手段外,近年国外学者对该病病因、危险因素及发病机制进行了深入研究,并试图在NEC发病机制的几个环节上进行干预：病原菌感染和炎症的控制、微生态制剂的应用、营养因子促进肠道功能成熟、细胞因子干预.该文就近年有关这方面的干预研究进展作一综述.     

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的临床研究进展

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)目前仍然是新生儿病死率增加的主要原因,也是导致早产儿死亡的主要疾病之一。至今对其确切的发病机制仍不清楚。目前认为肠黏膜损伤、肠道内细菌作用及肠道喂养是发生NEC的基本条件,并在一些重要的危险因素如早产、缺氧缺血性损伤、致病菌过度生长、高渗奶方喂养、胃肠道免疫屏障功能低下等综合影响下,导致NEC的发生。临床多采用修正的贝尔NEC分级标准进行诊断,当前仍然缺乏有效的预防与治疗策略,但近年对该病的研究提出了许多新的观点。本文就近年有关NEC临床研究的进展作一综述。     

Serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein level for early diagnosis and prediction of severity of necrotizing enterocolitis

Background/Aim

Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) is found within cells at the tip of the intestinal villi, an area commonly injured in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In this study, we aimed to investigate the value of serum I-FABP in early diagnosis and predicting severity of NEC.

Methods

This prospective study was conducted between April 2009 and November 2009. The preterm infants with suspected NEC were included in the study. These infants were divided into two groups according to their final diagnoses; Group 1: Stage 1 NEC and Group 2: Stages 2–3 NEC (Group 2a: Stage 2 NEC, Group 2b: Stage 3 NEC). Healthy preterms were assigned to control group (Group 3). Serial blood samples were obtained from the patients at symptom onset, 24 h and 72 h later. One blood sample was taken from the controls. Serum I-FABP levels were compared among the groups.

Results

Initial serum I-FABP concentrations were 324.0 ± 165.8 pg/ml, 764.7 ± 465.1 pg/ml, and 360.2 ± 439.5 pg/ml in Group 1, Group 2a, and Group 2b, respectively, and all were significantly higher than those of the control group (76.9 ± 115.9 pg/ml) (p < 0.001). The serum I-FABP levels gradually decreased from the onset of the disease to 72nd hour in Group 1 and Group 2a (p = 0.001). In Group 2b I-FABP concentrations slightly decreased at 24th hour of the disease and increased thereafter, but the difference was not significant (p = 0.06).

Conclusion

Serial measurements of I-FABP levels may be a useful marker for early diagnosis and prediction of disease severity in NEC.     

肠型脂肪酸结合蛋白检测在足月新生儿坏死性小肠炎中的临床意义

目的 探讨肠型脂肪酸结合蛋白(I-FABP)在足月新生儿坏死性小肠炎(NEC)中的临床应用价值.方法 2012 年2 月至2014 年1 月确诊为NEC 的41 例足月新生儿为病例组,其中Ⅰ期患儿24 例,Ⅱ ~ Ⅲ期患儿17 例;同期确诊为非消化系统疾病的62 例患儿为对照组.采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测各组患儿血清I-FABP 和C 反应蛋白(CRP)水平.采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)对I-FABP 诊断NEC 进行评估.结果 病例组不同分级患儿血清I-FABP 水平均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05),且Ⅱ ~ Ⅲ期组显著高于Ⅰ期患儿(P<0.05); I-FABP 血清标志物 ROC 曲线下面积(AUC)为0.85(95%CI:0.78~0.92),最佳诊断截点值为2.25 ng/mL,该截点值下诊断NEC 的敏感性为80.49%,特异性为70.19%.病例组与对照组患儿血清CRP 水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 血清I-FABP 在NEC 患儿早期(Ⅰ期)已显著升高,并与病情严重程度存在相关性,可作为诊断NEC 的参考指标.     

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎预防研究进展

针对新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的高危因素及其预防研究进展作一综述,有利于临床早期干预,降低本病的发生率与病死率.     

腹部B超在新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎诊断中的价值

目的探讨腹部B超在新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）诊断中的价值。方法选择2011年4月至2013年4月我院新生儿科收治的临床可疑NEC早产儿,患儿在诊断可疑NEC后常规行腹部正侧位X线片及腹部B超检查,并在12 h后复查X线片和腹部B超,以出现肠壁增厚、肠壁积气、门静脉积气之中的任何一项判定为阳性结果,均未出现判为阴性结果。采用诊断性检验方法,以灵敏度、特异度、准确度及ROC曲线评估腹部B超诊断NEC的价值。结果共纳入93例可疑NEC早产儿,男49例,女44例;胎龄（31.4±2.1）周;体重（1825±236）g。第1次检查腹部B超阳性61例,X线平片阳性52例,腹部B超的灵敏度和特异度分别为90.5%和54.9%,准确度66.6%,ROC曲线下面积（AUC）=0.727（95%CI 0.622～0.831）。12 h后复查腹部B超阳性69例,X线平片阳性53例,腹部B超的灵敏度和特异度分别为88.7%和45.0%,准确度74.2%,AUC=0.668（95%CI 0.554～0.783）。结论腹部B超结合临床表现可能优于Bell法在NEC的诊断,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

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??Objective??To investigate the value of serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein??I-FABP?? and serum amyloid A??SAA?? in the diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis??NEC??in the newborn. Methods??Fifty-six preterm infants with a confirmed diagnosis of NEC from October 2014 to October 2015 were recruited as case group??stage??26 cases??stage??/??30 cases??. Thirty children diagnosed with non-digestive diseases in the same period were recruited as the control group. Serum levels of I-FABP and SAA were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The diagnostic value of I-FABP and SAA for severe NEC was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic??ROC??curve. Results??Stage??/?? cases in the case group had significantly higher serum I-FABP levels and SAA levels than the control group and Stage??cases??P??0.05??. The area under the ROC curve for serum I-FABP was 0.80??95%CI??0.69-0.92????with the optimal cut-off point of 21.8 μg/L. Under this cut-off point??the sensitivity and specificity were 70.0%and 81.0%??respectively. The area under the ROC curve for SAA was 0.76??95%CI??0.63-0.89????with the optimal cut-off point of 1657.8 μg/L. Under this cut-off point??the sensitivity and specificity were 67.0% and 80.0%??respectively. Conclusion??In newborn infants with NEC??serum I-FABP and SAA l can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of severe NEC.     

Perforated enterocyst: a late complication of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

Infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) may develop late sequelae including intestinal stenoses, enteric fistulae, abscess formation, recurrent NEC, cholestasis, malabsorption, short gut syndrome, and enterocyst formation [4]. A case is reported where a child developed an enterocyst arising from the proximal aspect of a defunctionalized Hartmann's pouch 2 years after ileostomy and near-total colectomy. The patient presented with fever and abdominal pain and distension, and was successfully treated by excision of the perforated enterocyst. This rare complication demonstrates that problems may develop in a defunctionalized bowel segment long after primary therapy for NEC.     

A scoring system in predicting the risk of intestinal stricture in necrotizing enterocolitis

Of 46 infants with a diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit over the period 1981–1985, 40 have been followed from 2 to 6 years after the acute episode. A contrast enema (CE) to look for intestinal strictures (IS) was performed either during the first months in surgically managed patients, or between 2 and 6 years in asymptomatic patients. Clinical, laboratory and radiology parameters collected during the 7 days following NEC were used to establish a score which was correlated with radiological data obtained after CE. Of the 40 infants, 17 developed symptomatic or asymptomatic IS and 16 of these 17 infants has a score 7. Nineteen of the 23 patients without IS had a score <7. We conclude that the proposed score established on day 8 after onset of NEC helps to identify infants at higher risk of developing IS and for whom closer follow up appears necessary.     

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎发病机制及防治研究进展

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn,NEC)在新生儿期发病率及致死率均较高,其发病的病理生理学机制尚未完全阐明,治疗上主要限于对症支持治疗.近年来,较多研究发现大量炎症因子及其介导的信号途径在NEC发生发展过程中具有重要作用;另外,在蛋白质组学、肠道微生态等领域的研究也取得了一些进展.在NEC的防治上,提倡早期母乳喂养和应用微生态制剂.本文就上述领域的研究作一综述,为探讨NEC发病机制及防治奠定基础.