幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素活性检测方法的比较

目的　分别采用细胞计数法及中性红摄入法 (NRU)检测幽门螺杆菌 (Hp)空泡毒素活性 ,探讨NRU检测空泡毒素活性的应用价值。方法　采用Hp液体培养上清浓缩液作为粗制VacA毒素 ,经倍比稀释(1∶16 0～ 1∶2 )后与胃癌SGC 790 1细胞共同孵育 2 4h。用细胞计数法及NRU同时评价VacA的空泡毒素活性 ,比较两种方法检测VacA空泡毒素活性的差异。结果　经中性红染色后 ,胃癌细胞吸收大量染料 ,空泡更加明显。NRU对空泡毒素活性的判断结果与细胞计数法基本符合 ,细胞计数法显示 1∶2 0～ 1∶2滴度样本均呈阳性结果 ,NRU于 1∶2 0～ 1∶5滴度亦得到阳性结果 ,1∶2滴度组因细胞大量死亡得到“假阴性”结果 (A550 =0 .0 6±0 .0 4 )。 1∶4 0滴度组细胞计数法判断为阴性 ,但NRU检测阳性 (A550 =0 .12± 0 .0 4 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　NRU检测空泡毒素活性具有简便、快速的特点 ,有助于对空泡毒素活性的定量评价 ,敏感性高于细胞计数法 ,可广泛用于空泡毒素活性的体外检测     

幽门螺杆菌液体培养的研究

目的 :建立一种适用于幽门螺杆菌 (Hp)大量扩增并提取致空泡变性细胞毒素 (Vac A)的液体培养方法。 方法 :采用TSB及 MHB培养液 ,加入小牛血清 (FBS)或环糊精 (CD)作为支持剂 ,比较其对 Hp的扩增效果及上清中空泡毒素活性的差异。结果 :TSB+CD组 Hp平均扩增速度及菌体湿重与 TSB+FBS组相比无显著差异 ,二者均显著高于 MHB培养液组 (P<0 .0 1)。 TSB+CD组上清蛋白浓度为 (2 .4 4± 0 .39) m g/ m l,显著高于 MHB+CD组。 TSB培养液组浓缩上清具有明显的空泡毒性 ,且蛋白电泳可见相对分子质量为 95 0 0 0的 Vac A,而 MHB培养液组无空泡毒性。 结论 :以 TSB为培养液 ,加入适量的CD作为支持剂 ,在不损失 Vac A活性的前提下 ,可明显增加浓缩上清液中的蛋白纯度 ,是大量提取和制备 Hp Vac A蛋白理想的液体培养方法。     

幽门螺杆菌细胞毒素相关基因A、空泡毒素基因A抗体与胃十二指肠疾病的关系

目的 研究不同幽门螺杆菌(Hp)菌株感染与胃十二指肠疾病发生的关系.方法 采用蛋白芯片技术测定血清中Hp细胞毒素相关基因A(CagA)、空泡毒素基因A(VacA)抗体.结果 消化性溃疡组和胃癌组CagA和VacA抗体阳性者显著高于慢性胃炎组(P＜0.01),而CagA和VacA抗体阴性在慢性胃炎组显著高于溃疡组和胃癌组(P＜0.01),溃疡组和胃癌组之间CagA和VacA抗体阳性和阴性率比较,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 含CagA基因和VacA基因的Ⅰ型Hp可能是致病力强的高毒力株.     

幽门螺杆菌毒力因子与胃癌前变化的研究

目的　研究胃癌前状态和癌前病变伴幽门螺杆菌 (Hp)感染的患者 ,其Hp毒力因子细胞毒素相关蛋白A(CagA)、空泡细胞毒素VacA的表达。方法　常规胃镜检查和活检取得的胃黏膜标本做组织病理检查 ,根据所得结果 ,慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃息肉、残胃、胃溃疡、完全型 /不完全型、大肠 /小肠化生为癌前状态组 (82例 ) ,胃黏膜上皮异型增生为癌前病变组 (2 5例 ) ,单纯慢性浅表性胃炎伴Hp感染患者为对照组 (3 0例 )。用蛋白印迹法 (WesternBlot)测定Hp的CagA、VacA因子。结果　癌前状态组和癌前病变组中 ,CagA、VacA因子的检出率显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　幽门螺杆菌CagA、VacA因子与胃癌前状态和癌前病变密切相关     

幽门螺杆菌致病因子与胃相关疾病的关系

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacterpylori,Hp)的空泡形成毒素(vacuolatingcytotoxinA,VacA)、细胞毒素相关蛋白(cytotoxinassociatedproteinA,CagA)及尿素酶A(ureaseA,UreA)以及另外3种Hp特异蛋白(相对分子质量分别为19.5×103,26.5×103和35×103)与消化性溃疡(pepticulcer,PU)及慢性浅表性胃炎(chronicsuperficialgastritis,CSG)的关系,了解这6种蛋白在溃疡的存在及发生中的意义。方法:以山东牟平胃癌高发区人群为调查样本,以WesternBlot的方法,检测病人血清中上述6种Hp特异蛋白的抗体,并以LEICAQ550IW软件系统对抗体表达进行定量测定。同时对胃镜下活检组织标本进行HE染色,以分析组织的病理学特征。全部标本的Hp诊断以WS染色及快速尿素酶试验(RUT)均阳性为金标准。结果:(1)PU组与CSG组中各蛋白抗体的检出率无显著差异(P>0.05)。而定量研究发现,①CSG组26.5×103蛋白的含量高于PU组[(0.057±0.043)vs(十二指肠球部溃疡:0.040±0.032),(胃溃疡:0.023±0.017),P<0.01];②17例CSG病人在一年后发展为十二指肠球部溃疡,他们1996年血清中35×103蛋白抗体的含量高于同期与之配对的17例未发生十二指肠球部溃疡的CSG病人[(0.107±0.026)vs(0.085±0.036),P<0.01]。但胃溃疡组无此差别。(2)26.5×103蛋白的抗体     

幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素、毒素相关蛋白的表达及分型

目的 :分析分离自我国临床患者的幽门螺杆菌 (Hp)毒力因子空泡毒素 (VacA)和毒素相关蛋白 (CagA)的表达状况及其分型分布。方法 :从临床分离培养 19株Hp ,用细胞测毒法检测VacA ,用Westernblot法分析CagA ,根据毒力因子表达情况进行分型。结果 :VacA阳性率为 5 7 9% ,CagA表达阳性率为 89 48% ;Ⅰ型 ,Ⅱ型 ,中间型Hp分别占 5 2 6 3% ,5 2 7% ,42 10 %。结论 :所研究的临床分离Hp菌株的毒力因子属高表达。     

幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素基因分型

目的：探寻幽默门螺杆菌（Hp）基因分理方法。方法：用自行设计的引物对16株临床分离Hp和2株标准菌的空泡毒素基因vaeA进行扩增,用7种限制性内切酶对基因扩增产物进行限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）分析;对18株Hp VacA活性进行检测。结果：18珠Hp的VacA扩增产物达2.7kb左右,但并不完全相同;HeaⅢ酶切电泳可将18株Hp的VacA基因分为12种谱型。未发现与VacA表达相关的谱型。结论：VacA基因的PCR产物经HeaⅢ酶切RFLP分型可作为Hp基因分型较理想的选择,但不能反映毒素活性的表达情况。     

Study on association of Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric precancerous diseases and gastric cancer

目的 研究宁夏惠农区回、汉族人群幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)感染的情况及其与胃癌前病变、胃癌的相关性.方法 选择宁夏惠农区回、汉族383例,其中正常对照组99例(回族45例,汉族54例)、慢性萎缩性胃炎组97例(回族45例,汉族52例)、胃溃疡组75例(回族35例,汉族40例)和非贲门胃癌组112例(回族50例,汉族62例).采用免疫印迹法检测血清Hp抗体、细胞毒素相关基因蛋白(CagA)、空泡毒素(VacA)、尿素酶B(UreB)、尿素酶A(UreA).结果 ①回、汉族正常对照组Hp阳性率分别为68.9%和70.3%,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);回、汉族Hp阳性率在胃溃疡和非贲门胃癌组中高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);②回、汉族CagA抗体阳性的Hp在慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡和非贲门胃癌组中高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).CagA+ VacA 、VacA、UreA和UreB抗体阳性率在对照组、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡和胃癌中差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 ①宁夏惠农区回、汉族正常人群Hp感染率高,回、汉族之间Hp感染差异无统计学意义.②宁夏惠农区回、汉族人群胃癌前疾病及胃癌高发与CagA抗体阳性Hp感染率高密切相关,表明Hp致病因子中毒素CagA发挥着主要作用.     

453例胃癌患者胃黏膜幽门螺杆菌毒力相关基因分型及抗生素耐药性分析

目的分析胃癌患者胃黏膜幽门螺杆菌(Hp)的毒力相关基因分型以及抗生素耐药性。方法选取453例胃癌患者,从其胃黏膜组织中共分离62例Hp临床株。采用PCR检测Hp毒力相关基因细胞毒素相关基因A(CagA)、细胞空泡毒素A(VacA)s1、VacAs2、VacAm1、VacAm2分布情况,采用E-test法分析Hp菌株对阿莫西林、克拉霉素、甲硝唑和左氧氟沙星的耐药性。结果基因型为CagA的Hp菌株检出率最高(100%),VacAs1a、VacAs1a+VacAm1、VacAs1a+VacAm2、VacAs1a+VacAs1c+VacAm2、VacAs1c+VacAm2和VacAm1+VacAm2检出率依次为19.35%(12/62)、46.77%(29/62)、8.06%(5/62)、8.06%(5/62)、8.06%(5/62)、9.68%(6/62)。Hp对阿莫西林的耐药性最高,达79.03%(49/62),而对左氧氟沙星和四联抗生素的耐药性相对较低,分别为22.58%(14/62)和20.97%(13/62)。结论胃癌患者胃黏膜Hp菌株毒力基因最常见为CagA基因,可使用耐药性相对较...     

免疫印迹技术对幽门螺杆菌感染的分型诊断及其临床意义

目的:探讨免疫印迹技术对幽门螺杆菌的检测及分型诊断的应用价值。方法:应用免疫印迹技术检测58例上消化道疾病的患者和20例无症状健康志愿者血清中的幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素(VacA)、细胞毒素(CagA)和尿素酶(Ureas)等Hp抗体。根据Hp抗体的表达情况将Hp感染分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型,并结合~(14)C呼气试验和胃镜检查进行分析。结果:慢性胃炎组、消化性溃疡组、胃癌组的HpⅠ型阳性率分别为66.7%、89.5%、100%,与对照组(25%)的差别有统计学意义。慢性胃炎组、消化性溃疡组、胃癌组的HpⅡ型阳性率分别为20%、2.6%、0,慢性胃炎组HpⅡ型阳性率与对照组的差别无统计学意义,消化性溃疡组、胃癌组HpⅡ型阳性率与对照组的差别有统计学意义。并且发现随着病变恶性严重程度的增加,cagA/VacA的表达呈上升的趋势,尤其是VacA的表达,在慢性胃炎组、消化性溃疡组、胃癌组的阳性率分别为53.3%、81.6%、100%。结论:免疫印迹技术可应用于对Hp感染分型诊断,为临床治疗及判断预后提供一定依据。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.