5-氟尿嘧啶对肝癌细胞系BEL-7402中肿瘤干细胞的富集作用

目的 探讨5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)对肝癌细胞系BEL-7402细胞的作用,并对免于5-FU杀伤的存活细胞进行干细胞表面标志物的检测和“肝癌干细胞”的细胞生物学鉴定。方法 检测5-FU作用前后BEL-7402细胞增殖能力、细胞周期和细胞表面标志物CD56、CD54、上皮细胞黏附分子(EpCAM)和CD133表达率的变化;通过集落形成实验检测CD56、CD54、EpCAM、CD133阳性细胞和阴性细胞的克隆形成能力并对其进行比较。两组间均数比较采用t检验,两组数据间构成比比较采用x 2检验。 结果 5-FU对BEL-7402细胞的增殖抑制作用呈时间和剂量依赖性。10 μ g/ml5-FU作用48 h后,Go/G1期细胞比例由对照组的57.50％±0.98％升高至实验组的68.70％±3.41％(P＜0.05); S期细胞比例由对照组的40.26％±4.12％下降至实验组的31.80％±4.15％（P＜ 0.01）;实验组G2/M期细胞消失,对照组该期细胞比例为5.80％±1.87％（P＜0.01）。细胞周期分布变化明显,差异具有统计学意义。5-FU处理使BEL-7402细胞中CD56、CD54、EpCAM和CD133阳性细胞比例分别由0.57％±0.12％,8.10％±6.79％,0.3％±0.01％,3.20％±0.99％升高至4.13％±0.06％,50.08％±1.69％,0.55％±0.07％,10.51％±1.13％,差异具有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05）。软琼脂集落形成实验中,CD56、CD54、EpCAM、CD133阴性细胞与阳性细胞的成集落比例分别为2.11％±0.21％,3.32％±0.31％; 0.86％±0.101％,2.40±0.52％;7.19％±0.56％,7.73±0.71％; 2.70％±0.26％,5.75％±0.81％。各组阳性细胞集落形成率与阴性细胞比较,均有明显增加,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 一定剂量的5-FU能够富集肝癌细胞系BEL-7402中的肿瘤干细胞;同EpCAM和CD133一样,CD56和CD54单阳性细胞比其各自单阴性细胞具有更强的克隆形成能力,这提示CD56和CD54可能成为肝癌干细胞的分子标志物。     

二十二碳六烯酸联合5氟尿嘧啶对人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖的抑制作用

目的研究DHA联合5-FU对肝癌细胞在抑制细胞增殖、诱导凋亡的影响。方法用Annexin-V-PE/PI荧光双标记法、Hoechst33258染色及JC-1线粒体膜电位检测法检测DHA、5-FU两药单用和联用对肝癌细胞HepG2增殖的影响。结果联合处理组细胞凋亡率较单独使用5-FU组或单独使用DHA均明显增加。Hoechst33258染色显示,5-FU联合DHA组细胞中出现明显的凋亡核表现,细胞凋亡率较单独采用5-FU及对照组细胞显著增高。JC-1线粒体膜电位检测结果显示,联合组细胞线粒体膜电位较单独使用5-FU组显著降低。结论 DHA联合5-FU对肝癌细胞的增殖抑制、诱导凋亡具有协同作用。     

肝癌干细胞逃避5-氟尿嘧啶单药杀伤可能是造成化疗失败的重要原因

目的通过观察5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)处理人肝癌细胞系BEL-7402和SMMC-7721,分析细胞生物学特性的变化。方法采用Cell Counting Kit-8法检测5-FU作用前后肝癌细胞系BEL-7402和SMMC-7721增殖能力的变化;采用流式细胞法检测细胞周期组成变化和细胞群体中肿瘤干细胞标志物EpCAM、ABCG2和ICAM-1阳性细胞的比例变化。结果 10μg.ml-15-FU作用48h后,BEL-7402和SMMC-7721细胞增殖均明显受抑制(P<0.05);两细胞系实验组静息期(G0/G1期)细胞比例较对照组均明显升高(P<0.05);两细胞系中肿瘤干细胞标志物阳性细胞比例均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论肝癌细胞系BEL-7402及SMMC-7721中的肿瘤干细胞能够逃避一定剂量5-FU的杀伤作用。肝癌干细胞逃避5-FU单药杀伤可能是造成临床化疗失败的重要原因。     

全身热疗联合5-氟尿嘧啶、丝裂霉素治疗中晚期肝癌

探讨全身性热、化疗治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效。治疗组16例在体外热疗(whole -bodyhyperthermia ,WBH)过程中联合应用5 -氟尿嘧啶(5 -FU)和丝裂霉素(MMC) ,对照组2 6例采用5 -FU MMC联合化疗方案,比较2组近期疗效、疾病相关症状改善和不良反应。治疗组近期疗效和疾病相关状改善明显好于对照组,2组患者严重不良反应的发生率相似。全身性热、化疗是一种治疗中晚期肝癌安全有效的方法。     

Caspase-8、caspase-3在5-氟尿嘧啶诱导肝癌细胞凋亡中的作用

Caspase蛋白酶与细胞凋亡密切相关,凋亡可能就是caspase蛋白酶级联切割的过程[1,2]。研究证实caspase-3在5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡中发挥重要作用[3]。而在5-Fu诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡中caspase-8的作用及其与caspase-3活化之间的关系尚不明了。我们进一步研究5-Fu诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡中caspase-8的活性变化及其与caspase-3间的活化关系,旨在探讨caspase-8和caspase-3在化疗诱导肝癌细胞凋亡过程中的作用,为阐明化疗的确切分子机制提供理论依据。     

5-氟尿嘧啶对结肠癌干细胞干性和增殖的影响及相关机制

目的探讨5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)抑制结肠癌干细胞(CCSCs)干性对结肠癌细胞生长的影响及相关分子机制。方法将慢病毒介导的p53特异性短发来RNA(shRNA)转导入CCSCs,构建敲低p53表达的shRNA-p53-CCSCs细胞系。然后将正常CCSCs和shRNA-p53-CCSCs分别分成以下处理组:阴性对照组、DMSO组、舒林酸组和5-FU组,舒林酸组细胞经10μg/ml舒林酸处理,5-FU组细胞经2.5μg/ml 5-FU处理,然后通过BrdU检测试剂盒检测正常CCSCs和shRNA-p53-CCSCs活性,末端转移酶dUTP切口末端标记检测细胞凋亡情况,球体形成实验检测细胞干性变化,Western印迹检测处理后细胞中线粒体凋亡途径相关蛋白Bax/Bcl-2和细胞色素c,β-连环蛋白及其下游靶蛋白c-Myc和cyclinD1表达情况。结果与阴性对照组相比,5-FU组正常CCSCs增殖速率下降了52%,凋亡率为31%(P<0.05),而shRNA-p53-CCSCs增殖速率下降了73%,凋亡率为42%(P<0.05),舒林酸组正常CCSCs增殖速率下降了47%(P<0.05)。球体形成实验检测结果表明,5-FU和舒林酸均显著抑制CCSCs球体形成,且与阴性对照组相比,5-FU和舒林酸组球体体积显著下降(P<0.05),5-FU处理后正常CCSCs中Bax/Bcl-2比例升高约4倍,正常CCSCs与shRNA-p53-CCSCs中细胞色素c表达分别升高约2.8倍,2.5倍,β-连环蛋白在正常CCSCs的胞质和胞核中分别下降75%,73%,在shRNA-p53-CCSCs中分别下降81%,80%,而c-Myc和cyclinD1在上述两种细胞中的表达分别下降83%,52%和47%,53%。结论 5-FU能通过抑制Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路并上调线粒体介导的细胞凋亡抑制CCSCs增殖并促进细胞凋亡,具有潜在的抗肿瘤性。     

5-氟尿嘧啶诱导人胃癌细胞的凋亡

为了解5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)对人体胃癌细胞凋亡的诱导作用,我们对10例胃癌患者经5-FU 治疗7天后进行细胞凋亡检测,并与10例未作任何化疗的病人作对照,现报告如下:     

5-氟尿嘧啶及其药物前体在胃肠道肿瘤化疗中的应用

5、氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU)最早于1957年由Heidelberger等合成并投入临床使用[1],至今已经有近50年的历史,但目前它仍然是胃肠道肿瘤化学治疗中的最主要药物之一.5-FU具有针对上皮源性肿瘤的活性,在胃肠道肿瘤的应用中,与单药反应率在10～30%之间;在以5-FU为主的转移性结直肠癌的治疗中,可使平均中位生存期达到1年.     

氯喹增强LOVO细胞对5-氟尿嘧啶化疗敏感性的作用

目的研究结肠癌细胞LOVO在氯喹(CQ)作用下对化疗药物5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)的敏感性变化及机制。方法用MTT法分别检测CQ和5-FU作用24 h和48 h对LOVO细胞的增殖抑制作用。实验分为4组:空白对照组、CQ组、5-FU组和联合作用组。CQ、5-FU及两者联合作用于LOVO细胞后,通过细胞划痕实验和Transwell分别检测细胞迁移和侵袭的变化,采用流式细胞术和TUNEL方法检测细胞凋亡,采用Western blot检测细胞自噬及凋亡相关蛋白的表达情况。结果在不同浓度CQ、5-FU作用下LOVO细胞增殖受到抑制,且呈现剂量依赖性,48 h时CQ和5-FU的IC50分别为11.8μg/ml和2.5μmol/L。与空白对照组相比,CQ、5-FU作用后细胞迁移率和细胞侵袭能力显著降低,且两药联用组的抑制效应更显著。流式细胞术检测显示,CQ组、5-FU组细胞凋亡率分别为(17.85±1.04)%、(17.36±0.96)%,显著高于空白对照组(4.11±0.23)%,两药联用组凋亡率为(25.03±2.27)%,两药联用组与CQ、5-FU单用组相比,细胞凋亡率更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。TUNEL检测显示,CQ组、5-FU组细胞凋亡指数显著高于空白对照组,两药联用组与CQ、5-FU单用组相比细胞核凋亡指数更高。Western blot检测显示CQ和5-FU处理后导致P53、Bax、caspase3、caspase9和P62蛋白表达水平显著升高,而Bcl-2、LC3和Beclin-1蛋白表达水平则显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 CQ能抑制结直肠癌细胞LOVO的增殖、迁移、侵袭和自噬,促进其凋亡,并能增强细胞对化疗药物5-FU的敏感性。     

中低位直肠癌术中应用5-氟尿嘧啶缓释剂的安全性

5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)缓释剂由于局部药物浓度高,持续时间长,在实体肿瘤的区域化疗中受到关注.本文采用术中局部应用5-FU缓释剂的方法,观察其在中低位直肠癌区域化疗中的安全性.     

结肠癌耐药细胞株LoVo/5-FU的建立及其差异表达基因的筛选

目的:建立结肠癌细胞耐药模型LoVo/5-FU并初步筛选可能的耐药相关基因.方法:采用5-FU浓度递增法建立人结肠癌细胞耐药模型LoVo/5-FU,观察其生长规律并绘制细胞生长曲线:用MTT法鉴定耐药细胞株耐药性并计算耐药指数(RI);用基因芯片技术检测耐药细胞株LoVo/5-FU与其亲本细胞株LoVo中的差异表达基因,从中筛选出可能的耐药相关基因;用半定量RT-PCR方法对筛选出的部分耐药相关基因在耐药细胞及其亲本细胞中的表达情况进行验证.结果:LoVo/5-FU细胞与LoVo细胞相比,生长缓慢,细胞体积增大.LoVo/5-FU对5-FU、ADM、MMC耐药,而对CDDP无耐药性(RI:7.69,2.78,1.43和0.96).通过基因芯片筛选出差异表达基因425个,可能的耐药相关基因包括CYP1B1,NAT2,RNF20,SNAI2,MAP3K2,其中CYP1B1在LoVo/5-FU与LoVo中的表达有明显差异(Cy5/Cv3=5.877).结论:LoVo/5-FU细胞株耐药性稳定,耐药机制可能与CYP1B1,NAT2等耐药相关基因有关.     

The effects of hyperthermia on human hepatocellular carcinoma stem and mature cancer cells

Introduction and objectivesHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can recur following radiofrequency ablation and other hyperthermic treatment modalities. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of HCC cells that are difficult to eradicate and largely responsible for tumor recurrences. Thus, the principal objective of this study was to determine whether human HCC CSCs are relatively thermal-resistant compared to non-stem or mature cancer cells (MCCs).Materials and methodsEpithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) positive enriched CSCs and EpCAM⁻ MCCs were derived from a human HCC cell line using fluorescence activated cell sorting. Each cell population was exposed to 65 °C heat for 0–16 min and survival documented at various time points.ResultsCell survival curves were similar in CSC and MCCs throughout the 16 min heat exposure period. Maximum killing was obtained after 12–14 min of heat exposure. Cytoprotective, heat shock proteins-70 (HSP70) and -90 (HSP90) mRNA expression were not disproportionately increased in CSCs.ConclusionsThese results suggest that human HCC CSCs are not more thermal resistant than MCCs and therefore, do not support the hypothesis that HCC recurrences following hyperthermic treatment reflect CSC thermal-resistance.     

Circulating tumor and cancer stem cells in hepatitis C virus-associated liver disease

AIM: To assess the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated liver disease.METHODS: Blood and/or tissue samples were obtained from HCV (genotype 4)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma patients (HCC; n = 120), chronic hepatitis C patients (CH; n = 30) and 33 normal control subjects (n = 33). Serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alkaline phosphatase, and alanine and aspartate aminotransferases were measured. Cytokeratin 19 (CK19) monoclonal antibody was used to enumerate CTCs, and CD133 and CD90 were used to enumerate CSCs by flow cytometry. The expression levels of the CSCs markers (CD133 and CD90) as well as telomerase, melanoma antigen encoding gene 1 (MAGE1) and MAGE3 were assessed by RT-PCR and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions. The number of CTCs and/or the expression levels of CK19, CD133, telomerase, MAGE1 and MAGE3 were correlated to the standard clinicopathologic prognostic factors and disease progression.RESULTS: Levels of AFP, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly different among the HCC, CH and control groups (P < 0.001), whereas alanine aminotransferase differed significantly between patient (HCC and CH) and control groups (P < 0.001). At the specified cutoff values determine by flow cytometry, CK19 (49.8), CD90 (400) and CD133 (73) were significantly higher in the blood of HCC patients compared to those in the CH and control groups (P < 0.001). On the other hand, CD133 at a 69.5 cutoff was significantly higher in the CH compared to the control group (P ≤ 0.001). Telomerase, MAGE1 and MAGE3 RNA were expressed in 55.71%, 60.00% and 62.86% of the HCC patients, respectively, but were not detected in patients in the CH or control groups, which were statistically significant (Ps < 0.001). The expression levels of telomerase, CD90, MAGE3, CD133 and CK19 were all significantly associated with high tumor grade and advanced stage in HCC patients (all Ps < 0.05).CONCLUSION: CTC counts and AFP, CK19, telomerase, and MAGE1/MAGE3 expression predict disease progression in patients with HCV, whereas telomerase, MAGE3, CD90, CD133 and CK19 are prognostic markers in HCC.     

Hepatic cancer stem cells and drug resistance: Relevance in targeted therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of most common malignancies in the world. Systemic treatments for HCC, particularly for advanced stages, are limited by the drug resistance phenomenon which ultimately leads to therapy failure. Recent studies have indicated an association between drug resistance and the existence of the cancer stem cells (CSCs) as tumor initiating cells. The CSCs are resistant to conventional chemotherapies and might be related to the mechanisms of the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters and alterations in the CSCs signaling pathways. Therefore, to contribute to the development of new HCC treatments, further information on the characterization of CSCs, the modulation of the ABC transporters expression and function and the signaling pathway involved in the self renewal, initiation and maintenance of the cancer are required. The combination of transporters modulators/inhibitors with molecular targeted therapies may be a potent strategy to block the tumoral progression. This review summarizes the association of CSCs, drug resistance, ABC transporters activities and changes in signaling pathways as a guide for future molecular therapy for HCC.     

黄芩苷对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721 JAK-STAT信号通路STAT3的影响

目的:探讨黄芩苷对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721JAK-STAT信号通路STAT3的影响.方法:将肝癌细胞SMMC-7721分为4组:对照组、黄芩苷组、AG490组、黄芩苷+AG490组.应用RT-PCR法检测各组肝癌细胞SMMC-7721中STAT3mRNA表达,Westernblot法检测肝癌细胞SMMC-7721中STAT3、P-STAT3蛋白表达.结果:黄芩苷可以下调肝癌细胞SMMC-7721STAT3mRNA表达,与对照组比较明显下降(0.505±0.111vs0.697±0.145,P<0.05);并可以降低STAT3蛋白的表达量(0.879±0.012vs1.087±0.015,P<0.05);还可以抑制STAT3向活化形式P-STAT3转化,与对照组比较P-STAT3表达明显下降(0.983±0.085vs1.103±0.074,P<0.05),而与AG490联合应用后P-STAT3蛋白表达量较单用黄芩苷下降明显(0.756±0.103vs0.983±0.085,P<0.05).结论:黄芩苷能下调STAT3mRNA表达水平,降低STAT3蛋白表达,还可以抑制STAT3向活化形式P-STAT3转化,...     

顺铂、5-FU联合应用及联用方式对人卵巢癌细胞株生长的抑制作用

采用细胞培养及 MTT方法检测全量、半量顺铂 (DDP)和 5 - FU及各种联用方式如预处置及同时联合应用对人卵巢癌 3AO细胞株的生长抑制作用。结果 :1DDP和 5 - FU对 3AO细胞生长均有显著的抑制作用 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,且 DDP的杀伤作用呈明显的剂量依赖性 ,半量 DDP的抑制作用较全量者明显减弱 (P<0 .0 1) ,而 5 -FU的剂量依赖性作用不明显。 2 DDP和 5 - FU以各种给药顺序、各种浓度方式联合应用对 3AO细胞均有显著的杀伤作用 (P<0 .0 1) ,尤以预处置组作用最为突出。给予 5 - FU全量预处置 2 4h后再给予 DDP(全量 5 - FU预处置组 ) ,对 3AO细胞的抑制率可达 84.8% ,比单用全量 5 - FU或 DDP效果显著提高 (P<0 .0 5 )。5 - FU半量预处置亦显示相同的作用趋势。5 - FU或 DDP半量预处置均可达到单一药物全量所能达到的细胞抑制率。3全量或半量DDP和 5 - FU同时联合应用亦可达到满意的细胞抑制水平。认为 5 - FU和 DDP联合应用及各种联用方式对人卵巢癌 3AO细胞均有显著的杀伤作用 ,尤以 5 - FU预处置的方式作用效果最为明显。采用预处置的方法联合应用DDP和 5 - FU是提高卵巢癌化疗效果、降低单药剂量及毒副作用的新途径。     

RNA干扰p21对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721增殖的影响

目的:探讨RNA干扰技术沉默p21基因对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721增殖及恶性表型变化的影响.方法:通过慢病毒载体将p21小干扰RNA片段稳定转染入SMMC-7721细胞,通过RT-PCR,Western blot分别检MJp21 Mrna和蛋白表达变化,流式细胞仪检测7721-p2l RNAi组(感染p21 siRNA...     

Interaction between cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and vincristine on human hepatoma cell line (7721)

AIM To evaluate the killing effects of CDDP, 5-Fu and VCR on human hepaoma cell line (7721).METHODS The median-effect principle was used.RESULTS Killing effects of the individual drug were enhanced as the median concentration increased. Antagonism was produced when two drugs were used at a higher concentration (CI＞1), and synergism was achiened when CI＜1. Finally, the effect was influenced by both the ratios of drug concentration and the sequence of administration.CONCLUSION The drug administration order and drug concentrations are significant factors that need to be considered in clinical practice.INTRODUCTIONThe combined chemotherapy for malignant carcinoma is desired to produce efficacious synergism between each drug, alleviate side effects of drugs and delay drug resistance. Clinically, the interaction (namely synergism, summation and antagonism) of different anticancer drugs in combination is usually evaluated by Chou-Talalay′s combination index (i.e., median-effect principle)[1-9]. In this paper the combination effect between Cisplatin (Cis), 5-Fluorouracil (5-Flu) and Vincristine (VCR) on human hepatoma cell line 7721, was analyzed in vitro.     

间充质干细胞治疗在肝病中的应用

目的间充质干细胞(MSCs)属于中胚层的多功能干细胞,具有多向分化的潜能。在特定条件下,MSCs可分化为肝细胞、胰岛样细胞、骨细胞、软骨细胞、心肌细胞、平滑肌细胞、肌腱细胞、成纤维细胞、骨髓基质细胞、神经元、神经胶质细胞及造血系统等。因此,MSCs已成为细胞替代治疗中的主要选择细胞,广泛用于多种疾病的细胞治疗。本文就MSCs在肝脏疾病中的应用作一概述。