2112例绍兴市教师缺牙及修复情况的调查分析

目的：了解绍兴市教师牙列缺失、牙列缺损的特点及修复状况。方法：由专职口腔医生,统一标准,采取一例一表制,对2112名绍兴市教师进行口腔检查。调查结果采用SPSS11.5软件统计分析。结果：牙列缺损、牙列缺失的总患病率为41.34%,缺牙均数与年龄的增长成正比;缺牙患病率在男女性别上差异无显著性;缺牙修复率为55.56%。结论：应在教师中积极开展口腔卫生保健和缺牙后修复必要性的健康教育宣传,义齿设计及制作应符合口腔健康要求。     

辽宁省中年和老年人缺牙及义齿修复情况调查分析

目的了解辽宁省中年和老年人缺牙及义齿修复情况。方法根据第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方法,对辽宁省城市和农村地区35～44岁和65～74岁年龄段的1 584人的缺牙和义齿修复情况进行调查,并采用SPSS11.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果在1 584个受检者中,牙列缺损887人（ 56.00%）,牙列缺失104人（ 6.57%）,牙列完整593人（ 37.44%）;失牙6 776颗,失牙均数为4.28颗,上下颌缺牙数分别为3 550颗和3 226颗;义齿修复率为52.77%。结论应重视中老年人尤其是农村地区中老年人的口腔健康状况,加大力度作好龋病和牙周病的防治工作,以促进中老年人的口腔健康,提高其生活质量。     

5000例口腔修复病例的统计分析

目的：了解近两年口腔患者牙列缺失、牙列缺损及牙体缺损的特点及修复状况。方法：对北京口腔医院近两年诊治的5000例口腔修复病例设计卡和病历进行统计分析。结果：牙体缺损,牙列缺损及牙列缺失的发病率在男女性别上差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;缺牙数目的增加与年龄的增长成正比。上颌牙缺失明显多于下颌牙;下颌第一磨牙和上颌中切牙是发生缺失的最多部位。采用国内较先进的修复手段如圆锥型套简冠义齿、精密附着体义齿等进行牙列缺损修复的病例逐年增多。结论：口腔医生要加强做好口腔卫生宣教来提高市民的口腔保健意识;口腔修复科医师应不断学习新知识,掌握新材料、新技术的应用,以满足患者高品位的要求。     

上海市嘉定区65~74岁老年人群牙列缺损及修复现状调查

目的: 调查上海市嘉定区65~74岁老年人群的牙列缺损、缺失情况和修复需求,为政府的口腔保健项目提供依据。方法: 对上海市嘉定区嘉定镇、安亭镇、南翔镇65~74岁老年人进行整群抽样,抽取3260人进行一般情况与口内情况调查,从牙列缺损、缺失人群中随机抽取824人,采用EpiData 3.1软件对修复需求、未修复原因和口腔修复知识进行描述性统计分析。结果: 上海市嘉定区65~74岁老年人有80.4%牙列缺损,4.8%牙列缺失。牙列缺损的修复率为60.8%,牙列缺失的修复率为91.0%。其中28.0%为固定修复,39.5%为活动修复,24.4%为固定+活动修复,8.2%为全口义齿修复。牙缺失和修复情况无性别差异（P>0.05）。未修复的首要原因为价格过高,占32%;其余依次为医院挂号困难（24%）、担心拔牙疼痛及并发症（20%）、行动不便（10%）。关于修复需求,29.7%需要种植牙,64.8%需要烤瓷牙;43.2%选择医院就诊,51.0%选择私人门诊;25.5%选择费用自付,42.2%希望部分减免费用,32.3%希望全部免费。绝大多数老年人口腔修复知识匮乏,仅有18.2%得分在3分以上,15.5%得分为0~3分,66.3%得分为0分以下。结论: 上海市嘉定区老年人缺牙和修复情况面临严重挑战,老年人口腔修复知识匮乏,需要政府加大口腔保健科普教育,投入资金,改善缺牙修复状况,提高老年人的口腔保健水平。     

门诊1064例藏族人牙列缺损和修复情况调查分析

目的调查藏族人的牙列缺损及修复状况。方法对2007年—2010年到我院口腔科就诊的初诊藏族患者进行问卷调查和临床检查。结果牙列缺损人数占总人数的78.8%,年龄越大缺牙率越高,可摘局部义齿修复率28.4%,固定桥修复率18.7%。结论门诊藏族人牙列缺损较严重,修复率低,对义齿修复的认识不足,应加强口腔健康教育和规范的修复治疗。     

附着体在牙列缺损修复中的应用

牙列缺损是口腔修复科最常见的疾病之一.牙列中从缺失一个牙到仅剩一个牙都称其为牙列缺损.对于牙列缺损,可以采用种植义齿、固定义齿或可摘局部义齿修复.附着体(attachment)能用于上述各类义齿修复中.     

镇江市1138例老年人缺牙及修复情况的调查分析

目的　了解老年人缺牙及修复情况。方法　对镇江市 1138例 6 0岁以上老年人进行口腔检查 ,从牙列缺损、牙列缺失及修复情况三方面进行统计分析。结果　受检者中有 10 5 8例存在缺牙 ,其中 10 7例全口无牙 ;失牙均数女性 (16 0 7)高于男性 (12 6 8) ;缺牙随年龄的增加而增加 ;第一磨牙缺失最多 ,尖牙缺失最少 ;牙列缺失的修复率高于牙列缺损的修复率 ,不合格的修复体占较大比重。结论　缺牙在老年人中有相当高的发病率 ,老年人缺牙有其自身规律。?     

新疆哈萨克族农牧民牙列缺损、缺失及修复情况的调查

目的：了解新疆哈萨克族牙列缺损、缺失及修复的情况,为哈萨克族口腔预防工作提供参考。方法：以新疆乌鲁木齐县哈萨克族人群聚居点的哈萨克族农牧民为研究对象,对其进行口腔健康检查及问卷调查。结果：新疆乌鲁木齐县哈萨克族农牧民的牙列缺损患病率为61.88%,人均缺牙数2.48颗,修复率极低,仅为2.68%。结论：哈萨克族农牧民人群口腔健康水平较低,应该加强口腔卫生服务及健康宣传工作。     

济南敬老院老年人口腔缺牙及修复情况初步调查

目的：了解济南市敬老院老年人缺牙状况和口腔保健习惯,为采取针对性措施提高敬老院老年人生活质量提供相关参考。方法：按照＂第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查＂的要求,采取多阶段、随机抽样的方法,对济南市敬老院420名老年人进行口腔保健问卷调查和口腔健康状况检查。所得数据采用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析。结果：在420例受检者中,牙列完整者9例（2.14%）,牙列缺损者321例（76.43%）,牙列缺失者90例（21.43%）;义齿修复率47.45%（195/411）。结论：济南市敬老院老年人口腔健康状况欠佳,缺牙率高而修复率低,缺乏正确的口腔卫生保健习惯。应加强口腔卫生宣教,并采取相应的口腔保健措施改善老年人口腔健康状况。     

南通市1080例老年干部牙列缺损及修复情况的调查

目的 了解南通市1080例老年干部牙列缺损及修复情况。方法 对1 080例老年干部进行问诊及口腔检查。结果1 080例老年干部中缺牙者939例,患病率86.94％。缺牙修复者509例,修复率54.21％,其中不良修复体149例,占29.27％。结论 牙列缺损患病率高,患者修复率低,且义齿合格率也低。因而要及时修复缺牙,修复体要适应老年人的生理、心理特点。     

Renewed examination of the group classification of partially edentulous arches by Eichner and application advices for studies on morbidity statistics

The groups A1 to C3 of the "group classification of partially edentulous arches" by Eichner are characterized by the number of teeth and the topography of the natural dentition. This could be demonstrated in a clinical study on 1000 patients prepared by Blume-Gréger. The result shows a percentage of 49.5 in the groups A, 22.4% in the B-groups and 28.1% in the C-groups. Furthermore, these groups represent the course of tooth loss also regarding the functional value of the natural dentition. Thus, this classification provides a standard for the degree of morbidity of the dentition and is suitable for application in studies on morbidity statistics. When used for documentation files there is an error possibility of 1.9%.     

Patients' self-perceived impacts and prosthodontic needs at the time and after tooth loss

Studies on self-perception have demonstrated that tooth loss is associated with esthetic, functional, psychological and social impacts for individuals. However, not all subjects seek treatment immediately after tooth loss, even when desire for replacement is strongly expressed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of patients submitted to tooth extraction about factors associated with tooth loss and prosthodontic treatment, at the time and after extraction. A convenience sample of 211 consecutive patients were clinically evaluated and answered to a questionnaire about perceived impacts and prosthodontic treatment needs. Data were collected at the time of extraction and after a 3-month time interval. Perceived impacts were high (21 to 76% at the time and 35 to 87% after extraction). From 72.5% patients who expressed intention of immediate replacement of edentulous spaces, only 8.1% had actually been treated. Financial limitation was considered the most important factor that restricted access to treatment. Bivariate statistical analysis showed association between immediate dental replacement and anterior tooth loss (p=0.00) and extension of edentulous space (p=0.01). Position of lost teeth was associated to perceived functional limitation (p=0.03). Worsened appearance was associated to tooth loss in the maxillary arch (p=0.02), and desire of prosthodontic treatment was associated to the extension of edentulous space (p=0.05). Perceived impacts were more frequent in women than men. It was concluded that although patients usually expressed prosthodontic treatment needs, clinical and financial issues are determinant factors for tooth replacement.     

Impacts of missing upper anterior teeth on daily living

Background : Aesthetics and function of the orofacial region are very important aspects of human life which may be affected by tooth loss and impact on the quality of life. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of anterior tooth loss on patients' quality of life and satisfaction with their dentition. Methods : Fifty partially edentulous patients with missing anterior teeth and 50 control subjects who had no missing teeth were recruited into the study. The control subjects matched the patients by age, gender, and level of education. A Dental Impact on Daily Living questionnaire was used to assess dental impacts on daily living and satisfaction with the dentition. Results : Tooth loss has a definite measurable impact on patients' daily living and satisfaction with their appearance, pain levels, oral comfort, general performance, and eating capacities (p=0.000). Age and level of education had no effect on patients' total satisfaction with their dentition and daily living. However, females were less satisfied with appearance, general performance and eating (p=0.003, 0.005 and 0.007 respectively) than males. There were significant correlations between the number of missing anterior teeth and patients' total satisfaction (p=0.028) and patients satisfaction with appearance, oral comfort, general performance, and eating dimensions (p= 0.001, 0.048, 0.011 and 0.009 respectively). Conclusion : Tooth loss has definitive impact on patients' satisfaction with their dentition regardless of personal factors such as age, gender and level of education. The higher the number of missing teeth the lower the levels of satisfaction with the dentition and daily living     

Cephalometric: Evaluation of Influence of Edentulousness on Mandibular Morphology: A Comparative Study

Mandible undergoes several dimensional changes due to aging accompanied with gradual loss of teeth. There is marked alterations in shape and dimensions of the parts of the mandible associated with complete or nearly complete loss of dentition. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of loss of dentition on the dimensions of mandible using lateral cephalogram. The study group comprised of 35 dentulous subjects (age range 25–30 years) and 35 edentulous subjects (age range 45–65 years), with a period of edentulousness of 1–5 years. Subjects were selected based on certain selection criteria and lateral cephalograms were taken. Lateral cephalograms were traced and the values obtained were statistically analyzed using T test. On statistical analysis it was found that the thickness of condylar process and corpus were reduced in edentulous subjects. Length of mandible, ramus and corpus were reduced in edentulous subjects when compared to dentulous subjects. Gonial angle was more obtuse in edentulous subjects. Reduction in thickness of condylar length and length of mandible were negatively correlated to duration of edentulousness. It can be concluded that mandible undergoes significant dimensional changes as a result of loss of teeth.     

Radiographic condylar findings and occlusal imbalance in old people

summary The radiographic condylar findings of 293 old people (76,81 and 86 years old) were investigated using panoramic radiography. One hundred and twenty four subjects were clinically edentulous, and 169 had at least one natural tooth left. Condylar findings were observed in 16% of the edentulous subjects, and in 25% of the dentate subjects. Over 95% of the findings were radiographic signs often associated with osteoarthrosis. Condylar findings were more common in edentulous women (18%) than in edentulous men (9%) (P < 005). Imbalanced occlusion was assessed using the Eichner index. This index describes the existing occiusal support zones. dividing the dentition into three main classes. When natural dentition and fixed constructions were included 70% of the population had no occiusal contacts. With removable dentures included, class A (contacts in four support zones) represented 74% and class C (no occiusal contacts) 4% of the subjects. Three per cent of the men and 0.5% of the women had no occiusal contacts even then. Imbalanced occlusion showed no association with condylar findings; neither were there any significant differences in the condylar findings between the sexes in the dentate subjects, between the age groups, or between the dentate and edentulous groups.     

Tooth movement into edentulous areas

Movement of teeth into edentulous spaces created by the loss of teeth within a dental arch was reported from three aspects: (1) movement of the tooth mesial to the space into the space, (2) movement of the tooth distal to the space into the space, and (3) movement of the tooth opposing the space into the space. Only small percentages of distal movement of or eruption of teeth into the edentulous space did occur, whereas the tooth distal to the space did move into the space in a high percentage of patients. However, movement of teeth into edentulous spaces was not inevitable, regardless of the relationship of the tooth to the space. The patients' age appeared to be a factor since tooth movement was much more pronounced in subjects who were relatively young at the time of extraction. In those subjects who had had a tooth extracted for at least five years, there seemed to be no statistical relationship between increasing severity of movement and years since extraction. This indicates that most movement must have occurred during the first five years after the tooth was removed.     

Tooth loss and prosthodontic rehabilitation among 35- to 44-year-old Iranians

Summary  This study aimed to investigate the frequency of tooth loss and the magnitude of prosthodontic rehabilitation based on socio-demographic information among 35- to 44-year-old Iranians. Data ( n  = 8240) were collected by 33 examiners as part of a national survey using WHO criteria for sampling and clinical diagnosis. Gender, age, place of residence and level of education served as socio-demographic information. The number of teeth, functional dentition (subjects with 20 or more teeth) and prosthodontic rehabilitation were used as clinical variables. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were the methods of statistical evaluation. Of all subjects, 3% were edentulous. Of dentate subjects, 3% had 1–9 teeth, 21% had 10–19 teeth, 37% had 20–24 teeth and 39% had 25–28 teeth. In total, 76% of dentate subjects enjoyed a functional dentition. Among dentate subjects, 11% of the men and 16% of the women had prosthodontic rehabilitation with higher figures ( P  < 0·001) among women, older subjects and urban residents. Having a functional dentition was more likely among those with higher levels of education [odds ratios (OR) = 1·8, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1·6–2·1]. Women (OR = 2·4, 95% CI = 1·8–3·0) and urban residents (OR = 2·4, 95% CI = 1·8–3·3) were the most likely groups to have prosthodontic rehabilitation. Having prosthodontic rehabilitation was more likely among those lacking a functional dentition (OR = 6·0, 95% CI = 4·8–7·6). The greatest unmet treatment needs were found among those without a functional dentition. Functional dentition should be set as a primary oral health goal among working-age adults.