急性前壁心肌梗死时心电图预测左前降支阻塞部位的临床意义

目的 :探讨心电图ST段改变与冠状动脉病变部位的关系。方法 :对 76例急性前壁心肌梗死 (AA MI)病例进行回顾性分析。结果 :① 76例患者中 ,4 2例为前降支单支病变。 34例为前降支并发多支血管病变。根据前降支不同病变部位分为两组 :前降支近段病变组 (PD)、前降支远段病变组 (DD) ,两组间比较 :PD组在Ⅰ、aVL导联出现ST段抬高明显增加 ,差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段压低明显增加 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。② 34例前降支并发多支血管病变中 ,PD组同DD组比较 ,Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高≥ 1mm者明显增加 ,Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段压低≥ 1mm者明显增加。Ⅱ导联压低≥ 1mm者有增加趋势 ,但差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :AAMI前降支阻塞时行心电图检查可以预测病变部位 ,Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高 ,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段下移同前降支近段病变存在良性相关性。可视为对应性改变。前降支远段病变时Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段常常在等电位线或抬高     

老年前壁急性心肌梗死患者高侧壁下壁导联ST段变化预测前降支阻塞的部位

目的探讨老年前壁急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者高侧壁、下壁导联ST段变化预测左前降支(LAD)阻塞部位的准确性。方法选择2010年6月~2015年3月在井冈山大学附属医院心内科就诊的306例老年前壁AMI患者,高侧壁、下壁导联ST段变化预测LAD阻塞部位,与LAD冠状动脉造影阻塞部位进行对比分析。以大对角支(LD)或第一对角支(D1)为界划分为LAD近、远段。结果 306例老年前壁AMI患者中心电图STⅠ、aVF导联抬高>0.1mV 96例(31.4%),STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF导联压低≥0.1 mV 92例(30.1%)。STⅠ、aVL导联抬高>0.1 mV判断LAD阻塞部位在D1或LD开口近段的敏感性(61.2%vs 62.7%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);特异性(82.7%vs 93.0%,P=0.003),阳性预测值(62.5%vs 87.5%,P=0.000);STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF导联下移≥0.1mV判断LAD阻塞部位在D1或LD近段的敏感性(65.3%vs 64.2%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);特异性(86.5%vs96.5%,P=0.001)、阳性预测值(69.6%vs 93.5%,P=0.000)。结论老年前壁AMI患者高侧壁、下壁导联ST段变化LAD阻塞部位在LD近段的可能性大。     

冠状动脉前降支闭塞致急性心肌梗死的心电图ST段偏移特点分析

目的探讨冠状动脉前降支(LAD)单支闭塞所致急性心肌梗死(AMI)的心电图(ECG)特点。方法回顾性分析51例LAD急性闭塞所致AMI患者心电图ST段改变与冠状动脉造影结果。结果 V_2导联ST段抬高<0.2 mV预测LAD远段闭塞敏感度为52.9%,特异度为88.2%,在胸导联ST段抬高的情况下,特异度增高(96.2%)。V_6导联ST段压低预测LAD近段闭塞敏感度为26.5%,特异度100%,在胸导联ST段抬高的情况下,V_1导联ST段抬高≥0.2 mV预测LAD近段闭塞敏感度53.8%,特异度88.9%。下壁导联Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF ST段压低预测LAD近段闭塞特异度较高,Ⅲ、aVF导联组合较Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联组合判断LAD近段闭塞特异度及阳性预测值高。结论 V_1导联ST段抬高、V_6导联ST段压低、下壁导联ST段压低有助于判断LAD近段闭塞,V_2导联ST段抬高<0.2 mV有助于判断LAD远段闭塞。     

左主干闭塞所致急性心肌梗死的心电图特点

目的分析急性左主干(LM)闭塞的常规心电图(ECG)表现,总结其ECG特点。方法1999年1月至2004年8月,10例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经急诊冠状动脉造影证实为急性LM闭塞(LM组),回顾性分析其急诊ECG表现。并选取同时期30例经急诊造影证实为左前降支(LAD)近段闭塞的AMI患者(LAD组),比较两组造影前的急诊ECG表现,以求总结急性LM闭塞的常规ECG特点。结果LM组心率快于LAD组,在心律失常发生率方面两组差异无统计学意义。LM组中9例患者存在aVR导联ST段抬高(≥0·05mV),发生率明显高于LAD组(分别为90%和36·7%,P=0·002),同时LM组aVR导联ST段抬高幅度亦明显大于LAD组。而LM组胸前导联V1-3的ST段抬高程度则明显低于LAD组。aVR导联ST段抬高>0·05mV诊断急性LM闭塞的敏感性为90%,特异性为63·3%。如果同时再满足V1 V2 V3导联ST段抬高程度<0·5mV,其诊断急性LM闭塞的敏感性为90%,特异性达到86·7%。结论aVR导联ST段抬高>0·05mV,同时伴有V1~V3导联ST段抬高不明显、甚至压低是急性LM闭塞区别于LAD闭塞的ECG特点,结合临床表现,分析ECG特点可能有助于造影术前预测此类患者和风险评价。     

急性下壁心肌梗死心电图对梗死相关动脉及闭塞部位的预测

目的:研究Ⅱ、Ⅲ和V1导联ST段变化对判断急性下壁心肌梗死(IAMI)的梗死相关动脉及闭塞部位的临床意义。方法:对77例IAMI患者的心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行分析。结果:IAMI右冠状动脉(右冠)闭塞占74%,回旋支闭塞占26%,并发右心室梗死占13.1%。46例存在ST段抬高幅度Ⅲ>Ⅱ导联。右冠近段闭塞并发有右心室梗死的10例中7例存在ST段抬高幅度Ⅲ>Ⅱ导联和V1导联ST段抬高。结论:ST段抬高幅度Ⅲ>Ⅱ导联和V1导联ST段抬高的同时存在,高度提示右冠近段闭塞,并提示并发右室心肌梗死。     

急性心肌梗死时体表心电图预测左主干闭塞的临床意义

目的:分析急性冠状动脉左主干(LM)闭塞的常规心电图(ECG)表现,总结其ECG特点.方法:15例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经冠状动脉造影证实为急性LM闭塞(LM组),回顾性分析其急诊ECG表现.并选取同时期30例左前降支(LAD)近段闭塞的AMI患者(LAD组),比较2组造影前的急诊ECG表现,以求总结急性LM闭塞的常规ECG特点.结果:LM组心率快于LAD组,心律失常发生率2组差异无统计学意义.LM组中13例患者存在aVR导联ST段抬高(≥0.05 mV),发生率明显高于LAD组(分别为86.7%和36.7%,P＜0.01),同时LM组aVR导联ST段抬高幅度亦明显大于LAD组.而LM组胸前导联V1～3的ST段抬高程度则明显低于LAD组.aVR导联ST段抬高＞0.05 mV诊断急性LM闭塞的敏感性为90%,特异性为63.3%.如果同时再满足V1～3导联ST段抬高程度＜0.5 mV,其诊断急性LM闭塞的敏感性为90%,特异性达到86.7%.结论:aVR导联ST段抬高≥0.05 mV,同时伴有V1～3导联ST段抬高不明显、甚至压低是急性LM闭塞区别于LAD闭塞的ECG特点,结合临床表现,分析ECG特点可能有助于造影前预测此类患者和进行风险评价.     

心电图对急性下壁心肌梗死患者梗死相关血管及闭塞部位的预测价值

目的:探讨急性下壁心肌梗死患者的体表心电图对梗死相关血管及闭塞部位的预测价值。方法:对62例急性下壁心肌梗死患者的体表心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行回顾性对比分析。结果:梗死相关血管为右冠状动脉者50例(80.65%),左回旋支者12例(19.35%)。单纯急性下壁心肌梗死多发生在右冠状动脉中远段(62.07%);并发右室梗死者均发生在右冠状动脉,且多发生在右冠状动脉近段(70.00%)。STⅢ抬高/STⅡ抬高>1、STaVL压低≥0.5mm、STV1抬高≥0.5mm、STV3压低/STⅢ抬高≤1.2提示梗死相关血管为右冠状动脉的灵敏度分别为88.00%、90.00%、66.00%、72.00%,特异度分别为58.33%、75.00%、83.33%、66.67%。STⅢ抬高/STⅡ抬高≤1、STaVL呈等电位线或抬高、STV1压低≥0.5mm、STV3压低/STⅢ抬高>1.2提示梗死相关血管为左回旋支的灵敏度分别为58.33%、75.00%、66.67%、66.67%,特异度分别为88.00%、90.00%、80.00%、72.00%。结论:急性下壁心肌梗死时,体表心电图对梗死相关血管及闭塞部位有重要的预测价值。     

心电图对老年急性下壁心肌梗死冠状动脉病变部位的预测价值

目的　探讨急性下壁心肌梗死心电图与冠状动脉病变的关系 ,以揭示体表心电图对梗死相关动脉及病变节段的预测价值。方法　对 15 6例老年急性下壁心肌梗死患者的体表心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行对比分析。结果　梗死相关动脉为右冠状动脉占 79.5 % ,左回旋支占 2 0 .5 %。单纯急性下壁心肌梗死病变节段多发生在第一右心室支开口以远 (77.6 % ) ,合并右心室心肌梗死病变节段多发生在第一右心室支开口前 (87% )。STⅢ 抬高 /STⅡ 抬高 >1,STⅠ、aVL下移≥ 1mm ,提示右冠状动脉为梗死相关动脉的敏感性分别为 87.9%、89.5 % ,特异性分别为 84 .4 %、81.2 % ,阳性预告值分别为 95 .6 %、94 .8% ,两者差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。ST段V1、V2 下移≥ 1mm ,提示左回旋支为梗死相关动脉的敏感性 ,特异性和阳性预告值分别为 84 .4 %、91.9%、73.0 %。结论　急性下壁心肌梗死时心电图对判断梗死相关动脉及病变节段有重要的预测价值     

心电图在判定急性下壁心肌梗死犯罪血管

目的评定心电图在判定急性下壁心肌梗死罪犯血管的意义。方法对５６例急性下壁心肌梗死患的心电图及冠状动脉造影资料进行分析。结果①罪犯血管是右冠状动脉占８５．７％,回旋支占１４．３％;②窦性心动过缓、房室传导阻滞、室颤是右冠状动脉闭塞指标;③ＳＴＩ．ａＶＬ压低≥１．０ｍｍ是右冠状动脉闭塞敏感指标（Ｐ＜０．０５及Ｐ＜０．０１）,敏感性及特异性分别为６９％、７５％及９２％、７５％,而缺乏ＳＴＩ．ａＶＬ压低     

急性前壁心肌梗死时心电图对预测冠状动脉前降支闭塞位置的作用

目的：探讨心电图对准确预测前壁急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）时冠状动脉前降支（ＬＡＤ）闭塞位置的作用。方法：对９４例前壁ＡＭＩ患者的心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行分析。结果：①前间隔ＡＭＩ患者前降支闭塞位置大都发生在第１间隔支和第１对角支开口远端，且单支病变多见。②前壁和前壁伴高侧壁ＡＭＩ患者前降支闭塞位置发生在第１间隔支与第１对角支开口近端的发生率分别为２８９％与２６３％和５５０％与４７５％。前壁伴高侧壁ＡＭＩ患者若以大的对角支作为解剖分界进行分析，则８００％其血管闭塞位置在大的对角支发出前，若以ａＶＬ导联ＳＴ段抬高＞１ｍｍ，Ⅲ、ａＶＦ导联ＳＴ压低＞１ｍｍ为标准，预测血管闭塞位置在第１对角支开口近端和大对角支开口近端的发生率分别为６９２％和９２３％。③前壁伴下壁ＡＭＩ者前降支闭塞位置均发生在第１间隔支开口远端。结论：心电图对前壁ＡＭＩ时前降支的闭塞位置有重要的预测价值     

体表心电图在预测急性心肌梗死左前降支病变部位的价值

目的:探讨体表心电图在预测急性心肌梗死(AMI)左前降支病变部位的价值。方法:分析47例梗死相关动脉为左前降支的AMI患者梗死部位与体表心电图的关系。结果:I、aVL、aVR导联ST抬高及Ⅲ导联ST降低在预测AMI左前降支病变部位的价值各不相同,aVL导联ST抬高的敏感性最高,aVR导联ST抬高的特异性最强,但各组间差异无统计学意义。进行Logistic回归分析后,只有aVL导联ST抬高与左前降支近端病变有相关性,其优势比(OR值)为5.778。结论:I、aVL、aVR导联ST抬高及Ⅲ导联ST抬高是预测AMI中左前降支病变部位的较好指标,但以aVL导联ST抬高最好。     

Value of the electrocardiogram in localizing the occlusion site in the left anterior descending coronary artery in acute anterior myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVES: The study assessed the value of the electrocardiogram (ECG) as predictor of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion site in relation to the first septal perforator (S1) and/or the first diagonal branch (D1) in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI). BACKGROUND: In anterior AMI, determination of the exact site of LAD occlusion is important because the more proximal the occlusion the less favorable the prognosis. METHODS: One hundred patients with a first anterior AMI were included. The ECG showing the most pronounced ST-segment deviation before initiation of reperfusion therapy was evaluated and correlated with the exact LAD occlusion site as determined by coronary angiography. RESULTS: ST-elevation in lead aVR (ST elevation(aVR)), complete right bundle branch block, ST-depression in lead V5 (ST depression(V5)) and ST elevation(V1) > 2.5 mm strongly predicted LAD occlusion proximal to S1, whereas abnormal Q-waves in V4-6 were associated with occlusion distal to S1 (p = 0.000, p = 0.004, p = 0.009, p = 0.011 and p = 0.031 to 0.005, respectively). Abnormal Q-wave in lead aVL was associated with occlusion proximal to D1, whereas ST depression(aVL) was suggestive of occlusion distal to D1 (p = 0.002 and p = 0.022, respectively). For both the S1 and D1, inferior ST depression > or = 1.0 mm strongly predicted proximal LAD occlusion, whereas absence of inferior ST depression predicted distal occlusion (p < or = 0.002 and p < or = 0.020, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In anterior AMI, the ECG is useful to predict the LAD occlusion site in relation to its major side branches.     

心电图STaVR与STV1抬高的差值对鉴别冠状动脉左主干与左前降支急性闭塞的价值

目的 :探讨应用体表心电图STaVR与STV1 抬高的差值 (STaVR-STV1 )能否准确鉴别冠状动脉左主干(LM)与左前降支 (LAD)急性闭塞。方法 :5 0例急性前壁心肌梗死患者〔其中LM闭塞 15例 (LM组 ) ,LAD 6段闭塞 35例 (LAD组 )〕 ,对其心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行对比分析。以 2 0例无心肌梗死且冠状动脉造影正常的患者作为正常对照。结果 :①正常对照组aVR导联和V1导联ST段无明显抬高 ;LM组aVR导联ST段抬高程度显著大于LAD组〔(0 .15± 0 .12 )∶(0 .0 4± 0 .0 8) ,P <0 .0 5〕 ,V1导联ST段抬高程度显著小于LAD组〔(0 .0 0± 0 .19)∶(0 .15± 0 .10 ) ,P <0 .0 5〕 ,两者的差值 (STaVR-STV1 )在两组间差异有显著性意义〔(0 .15±0 .2 3)∶(- 0 .10± 0 .12 ) ,P <0 .0 1〕 ;②LM组aVR导联ST段抬高的比率显著大于LAD组 (86 .7%∶4 2 .9% ,P<0 .0 5 ) ,V1导联ST段抬高的比率显著小于LAD组 (4 0 .0 %∶71.4 % ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,STaVR-STV1 ≥ 0的比率在两组间差异有显著性意义 (80 %∶2 0 % ,P <0 .0 1)。结论 :体表心电图STaVR-STV1 ≥ 0是判断急性前壁心肌梗死患者梗死相关动脉及闭塞位置的新指标。     

Electrocardiographic localization of the occlusion site in left anterior descending coronary artery in acute anterior myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: The site of occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery is important in acute anterior myocardial infarction because, proximal occlusion is associated with less favorable outcome and prognosis. The present study attempted to evaluate the electrocardiographic correlate of the location of the site of the left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion with respect to first septal perforator and/or the first diagonal branch. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study included 50 patients with a first acute anterior myocardial infarction. The electrocardiogram with the most pronounced ST segment deviation before the start of reperfusion therapy was evaluated and correlated with the left anterior descending occlusion site as determined by coronary angiography. ST segment elevation in lead aVR, ST segment depression in lead V5 and ST segment elevation in V1>2.5 mm strongly predicted left anterior descending occlusion proximal to first septal, whereas abnormal Q wave in V4-6 was associated with occlusion distal to first septal. Abnormal Q wave in lead aVL was associated with occlusion proximal to first diagonal, whereas ST depression in lead aVL was suggestive of occlusion distal to first diagonal branch. For both first septal and first diagonal, ST segment depression > or =1 mm in inferior leads strongly predicted proximal left anterior descending artery occlusion, whereas absence of ST segment depression in inferior leads predicted occlusion distal to first septal and first diagonal. All the patients were followed during their in-hospital stay (median of 7 days), during which four patients in the proximal to first septal and first diagonal group and one patient in the distal to first septal and first diagonal group died (p < or = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In acute myocardial infarction electrocardiogram is useful to predict the left anterior descending occlusion site in relation to its major side branches and such localization has prognostic significance.     

Prediction of the site of total occlusion in the left anterior descending coronary artery using admission electrocardiogram in anterior wall acute myocardial infarction

In anterior acute myocardial infarction, ST elevation in aVL and ST depression in II, III, and aVF predict a culprit lesion in the left anterior descending artery proximal to the origin of the first diagonal branch, with good specificity and positive predictive value. Inferior ST depression is not related to remote ischemia but represents an electrocardiographic phenomenon reciprocal to ST elevation in aVL.     

体表心电图对老年急性前壁心肌梗死左前降支闭塞部位的预测价值

目的探讨体表心电图对老年急性前壁心肌梗死左前降支（LAD）闭塞部位的预测价值。方法对62例老年急性前壁心肌梗死患者的入院心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行回顾性分析,寻找可以预测LAD闭塞部位的心电图改变。结果62例老年急性前壁心肌梗死患者均为LAD闭塞,其中近段闭塞者45例（72.6%）,远段闭塞者17例（27.4%）。经χ2检验,STⅠ抬高、STaVL抬高、STaVF压低或至少2个下壁导联ST段压低等指标提示LAD近段闭塞（P均〈0.05）。其中,STaVF压低或至少2个下壁导联ST段压低的特异度和阳性预测值最高,为94%左右,灵敏度以STaVL抬高最高,为56%;反之,STaVL压低和STⅢ抬高则在预测LAD远段闭塞上有显著意义（P均〈0.05）,特异度和阳性预测值以STaVL压低为最高,均为100%。结论急性前壁心肌梗死时,体表心电图对预测LAD闭塞部位有重要价值。     

Usefulness of the electrocardiogram in predicting the occlusion site in acute anterior myocardial infarction with isolated disease of the left anterior descending coronary artery

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: In acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI), the site of occlusion in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) is related to the extension of myocardial necrosis and the prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess the value of the electrocardiogram (ECG) as a predictor of the LAD occlusion site in patients with anterior AMI. METHODS: Forty-five consecutive patients with a first anterior AMI and isolated disease of the LAD were included. We evaluated retrospectively the ECG with the most pronounced ST-segment changes before fibrinolysis and correlated the findings with the site of LAD occlusion in angiography before hospital discharge in relation to the first dominant septal and first diagonal branch: first septal affected (S), first diagonal affected (D), both affected (S + D), or neither affected were considered. RESULTS: ST depression in leads II, III, or aVF strongly predicted proximal LAD occlusion in S + D, S, and D (p = 0,003, p = 0,04, and p = 0,02, respectively). ST elevation in leads II, III, or aVF was observed only in the presence of wrap-around LAD and was related with occlusion distal to the first diagonal branch. ST elevation > or = 3 mm in lead V1 was a specific predictor of occlusion proximal to first septal (S, p = 0,01). ST elevation in aVR was associated with proximal LAD occlusion in S + D and S (p = 0,03 and p = 0,03, respectively) and absence of coronary collateral circulation. CONCLUSIONS: In anterior AMI and isolated LAD disease, the ECG can be useful in predicting the LAD occlusion site in relation to its major side branches.