C-erbB-2基因在青老年乳腺癌中的表达及其意义

探讨c erbB 2基因在青老年乳腺癌中表达的差异及其意义。应用免疫组织化学SABC法检测 63例青年乳腺癌组织和 60例老年乳腺癌组织c erbB 2蛋白表达 ,分析两组间的差异及其与腋窝淋巴结转移、肿瘤临床分期的关系。c erbB 2基因青老年乳腺癌中阳性表达分别为 61.90 % ( 3 9/63 )和 43 .3 3 % ( 2 6/60 ) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。在青老年乳腺癌组织中 ,腋窝淋巴结转移组c erbB 2阳性表达率 (青年组 71.0 5 % ,老年组 61.16% )明显高于腋窝淋巴结阴性组 ( 4 3 .48% ,3 2 .3 5 % ;P <0 .0 5 )。 0～Ⅱ期乳腺癌c erbB 2阳性表达率 (青年组 5 2 .2 7% ,老年组 3 4.15 % )明显低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期 ( 84.2 1% ,5 7.89% ;P <0 .0 5 )。在青年乳腺癌组织中c erbB 2阳性表达率高 ,是青年乳腺癌生物学行为特征之一 ,亦是影响青年乳腺癌预后的重要因素。青老年乳腺癌中c erbB 2表达与病期及腋窝淋巴结转移有关。     

乳腺癌组织中paxillin和c-erbB-2的表达及临床意义

目的：研究paxillin蛋白和c—erbB-2蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达，探讨其与乳腺癌患者临床病理因素的关系，以评价乳腺癌的预后。方法：采用免疫组织化学SP法检测53例原发性乳腺癌、10例乳腺纤维腺瘤及10例距癌灶边缘〉5cm病理组织学检查正常的乳腺组织中paxillin和c—erbB－2蛋白的表达情况。结果：与正常乳腺组织和乳腺纤维腺瘤相比，乳腺癌中paxillin表达显著刚氏（P=0．003），而c—erbB－2表达显著增高（P〈0．001）。paxillin的表达与患者的年龄、绝经状况、肿瘤细胞的ER和PR表达及肿瘤大小无关，而与病理学分期、组织学分级和淋巴结转移有关；c—erbB－2表达与患者的年龄、绝经状况、肿瘤大小、PR表达和病理学分期无关，而与ER表达、组织学分级和淋巴结转移有关。paxillin和c—erbB－2的表达无相关性。结论：paxillin和c—erbB－2与乳腺癌细胞的恶性转化、侵袭转移有关，检测paxillin和c—erbB－2蛋白表达情况有助于准确评价乳腺癌患者的预后。     

原发性乳腺癌组织中c-erbB-2和nm23的表达及其意义

采用SP法检测 2 86例原发性乳腺癌c erbB 2和nm 2 3基因的表达 ,并分析其与病理类型、患者年龄、临床分期及腋淋巴结转移之间的关系。结果示c erbB 2阳性率为 3 9.5 % ,nm 2 3阳性率为 65 .7% ;c erbB 2的表达与患者的临床病理特征之间无明显相关 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;nm 2 3基因的表达与患者年龄、肿瘤病理类型无关 ,但与肿瘤临床分期、腋淋巴结转移有关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;c erbB 2与nm 2 3两者的表达无明显相关性 (P >0 .0 5 )。提示nm 2 3基因有望作为预测原发性乳腺癌淋巴结转移和评估肿瘤临床预后的标记物     

乳腺癌c-erbB-2的表达及其与肿瘤血管生成的关系

摘要：为探讨乳腺癌c erbB 2与腋窝淋巴结转移和肿瘤血管生成的关系，笔者应用SABC免疫组化法检测70例乳腺癌组织中c erbB 2基因表达和VEGF，FLK 1，bFGF，FLG阳性系数值及MVC值。结果示腋窝淋巴结转移组c erbB 2阳性率明显高于腋窝淋巴结未转移组（P＜0.01）。VEGF，FLK 1，bFGF，FLG和MVC值在c erbB 2阳性和阴性组间有差异（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。提示乳腺癌c erbB 2表达与腋窝淋巴结转移和肿瘤血管生成有关。     

乳腺癌c-erbB2过表达与生存率、内分泌治疗效果和预后的关系

目的　研究乳腺癌c erbB 2改变与生存率、内分泌治疗效果及预后的关系 ,探讨有效反映乳腺癌c erbB2变化的简单检测方法。方法　半定量PCR检测c erbB2基因扩增 ;免疫组化检测c erbB2蛋白表达。随访 5 8例患者。结果　c erbB 2蛋白过表达 (+ + )与基因扩增有显著的一致性 (P<0 .0 1) ,一致率 93 .7%。c erbB2蛋白过表达 (+ + )患者的 5年生存率 (4 4.4% )显著低于c erbB 2阳性表达 (+ ) (66.7% )和c erbB 2阴性表达患者 (78.6% ) (P <0 .0 5 )。c erbB 2蛋白过表达患者服用三苯氧胺不能显著提高 5年生存率。结论　c erbB2蛋白过表达患者 5年生存率低、预后差 ,且对内分泌治疗不敏感。免疫组化可以简单、有效地检测乳腺癌c erbB2的改变。     

趋化因子受体5表达与乳腺癌临床病理特征及预后的相关性研究

目的 探讨趋化因子受体5(CCR5)在乳腺癌病灶和腋窝转移淋巴结中的表达及其与临床病理意义.方法 收集72例乳腺导管浸润癌及其腋窝淋巴结组织,50例乳腺纤维腺瘤组织,40例正常乳腺组织石蜡标本切片.采用免疫组化方法检测CCR5的表达情况;同时检测乳腺癌组织中C-erbB-2,p53,Ki-67,ER,PR的表达情况,并与临床病理资料进行统计学分析.结果 (1)乳腺癌组织中CCR5蛋白表达阳性率达84.72%(61/72),乳腺纤维腺瘤组织中表达阳性率较低(14%,7/50),正常乳腺组织中不表达CCR5;(2)乳腺癌CCR5表达与腋窝淋巴结转移呈正相关(X<'2>=4.982,P=0.026,r=0.305);(3)50例伴腋窝淋巴结转移的患者中,乳腺癌原发灶及转移淋巴结同时表达CCR5阳性者39例,具有较高的同源性;(4)乳腺癌CCR5表达与癌基因C-erbB-2之间呈低度正相关(P<0.05,r=0.291);(5)乳腺癌CCR5表达与患者年龄、绝经与否、肿瘤最大径、肿瘤分期等临床特征无关(均P>0.05);(6)乳腺癌CCR5表达与p53,Ki-67,ER,PR无关表达(均P>0.05).结论 CCR5在乳腺癌的发生、发展及腋窝淋巴结转移方面起一定作用;CCR5可间接作为预测乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移及预后判断的指标之一.     

Bcl-2、 cyclin A2和P13K在激素受体阴性乳腺癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨激素受体阴性乳腺癌中B淋巴细胞瘤／白血病2基因（ B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2, Bcl-2 ）、细胞周期素A2（cyclinA2）和磷酸肌醇3激酶（ phosphoinositide 3 -kinase, PI3K ）的表达及意义。方法采用实时聚合酶链反应（real time polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR）方法检测Bcl-2、cyclinA2和P13K在激素受体阴性乳腺癌组织（58例）、乳腺正常组织（14例）中的表达水平,并采用Mann-WhitneyU检验分析其与临床病理特征的关系。结果与乳腺正常组织相比,激素受体阴性乳腺癌中Bel-2表达降低,而cyclinA2和P13K表达增高（P〈0．05）。在乳腺癌组织中,Bcl-2在TNM分期Ⅲ期、组织学分级Ⅲ级和出现转移复发的患者中表达水平降低（P〈0．05）,但其表达在不同年龄、肿瘤大小和淋巴结转移的组间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;cyclinA2在转移复发的患者中显著高表达（P〈0．05）,但在不同的年龄、肿瘤大小、组织学分级、TNM分期和淋巴结状态的组间差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）;P13K在有淋巴结转移和TNM分期Ⅲ期的患者中高表达（P〈0．05）,但其表达在不同年龄、肿瘤大小、组织学分级以及是否转移复发的组间差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论Bcl-2低表达、eyclinA2和P13K高表达可能与激素受体阴性乳腺癌的发生发展有关。     

酪氨酸激酶Syk基因在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的　探讨酪氨酸激酶Syk基因表达与乳腺癌生成及转移的关系 ,以及与雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)、p5 3、HER2 /neu基因的关系。方法　用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测 4 0例乳腺癌患者癌组织及癌旁正常乳腺组织以及 15例良性乳房纤维瘤组织中SykmRNA的表达 ,并用免疫组化方法检测 4 0例乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、p5 3、HER2 /neu的表达的情况。结果　所有正常乳腺组织都有Syk基因的表达 ,而 4 0例乳腺癌组织中只有 9例表达 ,正常乳腺与乳腺癌组织中Syk基因表达率差异有显著意义 (χ2 =4 7 4 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,且乳腺癌组织中SykmRNA含量明显低于正常乳腺组织 (t =3 4 1,P <0 0 5 )。有淋巴结转移的 18例乳腺癌组织中 ,1例有Syk基因表达 ,有淋巴结转移的乳腺癌SykmRNA的表达率和表达水平显著降低 (χ2 =3 77,P <0 0 5 ,t=2 74 ,P <0 0 5 )。SykmRNA表达与 p5 3基因的表达呈正相关。 结论　Syk基因的表达在抑制乳腺癌的生长及转移过程中可能起着重要的作用     

OPN在乳腺癌淋巴结转移中的作用

目的:探讨骨桥蛋白（OPN）在乳腺癌中的表达及其与腋窝淋巴结转移之间的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法检测 66例乳腺癌、28例乳腺良性肿瘤、37例癌旁乳腺组织和29组腋窝转移淋巴结中OPN的表达，分析OPN表达与腋窝淋巴结转移及其他临床病理特征的关系。结果:乳腺癌组织中OPN的表达水平（4.83）明显高于癌旁乳腺组织（1.86）和乳腺良性肿瘤（2.18)（P＜0.01)；乳腺癌淋巴结转移阳性组与阴性组之间、乳腺癌原发病灶与相应的腋窝转移淋巴结之间OPN表达差异有统计学意义（P=0.048,0.03）。乳腺癌c erbB 2阳性表达组OPN表达水平（5.22）高于c erbB 2阴性组（4.00），但差异无统计学意义（P=0.056）。乳腺癌OPN表达与患者年龄、肿瘤大小、转移淋巴结数量、组织学类型、肿瘤分级以及TNM分期无关（P＞0.05），而与淋巴结转移有关（P=0.048）。结论:OPN在乳腺癌组织中高表达，且与乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移密切相关。     

血管内皮生长因子-C与乳腺癌淋巴结转移关系的研究

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子-C(vascular endothelial growth factor-C, VEGF-C)的表达与乳腺癌淋巴结转移的关系.方法 应用免疫组化法观察78例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中VEGF-C的表达情况,评价VEGF-C表达与淋巴结转移及其他临床病理因素的关系.取20例乳腺纤维腺瘤标本做对照.结果 78例乳腺浸润性导管癌中52例VEGF-C呈阳性表达,阳性率为67%;对照组仅3例可见VEGF-C弱表达,阳性率为15%.乳腺癌组VEGF-C表达阳性率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移组VEGF-C表达阳性者阳性率(78%)明显高于腋淋巴结无转移组(48%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VEGF-C表达与患者年龄、肿瘤大小、激素受体、及临床分期之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 VEGF-C与乳腺癌淋巴结转移呈正相关,是乳腺癌重要预后因子.     

二溴海因/二氧化硅复合粒子的制备及其杀菌性能评价

通过实验室制备，合成了二溴海因／二氧化硅复合粒子，运用扫描电镜（SEM）与红外光谱（IR）进行了表征，SEM结果显示，在SiO2的表面覆合了二溴海因，红外光谱图表明，复合粒子中二溴海因和二氧化硅之间以物理作用方式结合，将单纯二溴海因与二溴海因／二氧化硅复合粒子溶解于水，测定其在水中的释放速度，结果表明：二溴海因／二氧化硅复合粒子中的二溴海因在水中释放的速度明显慢于纯二溴海因，且能维持较长的作用时间，比较纯二溴海因与含等量二溴海因的复合粒子对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑制效果，发现在二溴海因含量高于有效抑茵浓度时，复合粒子对茵体的抑制效果高于纯二溴海因。     

The effect of pH and PCO2 on epidural analgesia with 2% 2-chloroprocaine

Increasing the pH of local anesthetics with sodium bicarbonate has been reported to hasten their onset of action. The purpose of this study was to compare the onset and duration of epidural analgesia with the use of sodium bicarbonate and tromethamine to increase the pH of 2% chloroprocaine (2CP). Five groups of patients were studied: Group I received 2CP; Group II received 2CP buffered to a pH of 7.1 with tromethamine; Group III received 2CP buffered to a pH of 7.1 with sodium bicarbonate; Group IV received 2CP buffered to a pH of 7.7 with tromethamine; and Group V received 2CP buffered to a pH of 7.7 with sodium bicarbonate. The final pH and PCO2 of each solution were measured. Time to onset of analgesia was significantly delayed with either of the tromethamine buffered groups (II [5.6 +/- 1.0 minutes] and IV [5.4 +/- 0.4 minutes]) when compared with data from the unbuffered control (I [4.4 +/- 0.1 minutes]) and the sodium bicarbonate buffered (III [4.5 +/- 0.8 minutes] groups and Group V [2.7 +/- 0.9 minutes]). Only when sodium bicarbonate buffer adjusted to pH 7.7 (Group IV) was onset significantly more rapid than the unbuffered 2CP (I) and tromethamine buffered 2CP (II and IV). Multiple regression analysis revealed that onset times were significantly related to both pH and PCO2. The coefficient of determination for this model was 0.5156.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Evaluation of the association of IGF2BP2 variants with type 2 diabetes in French Caucasians

OBJECTIVE—We performed a comprehensive genetic association study of common variation spanning the IGF2BP2 locus in order to replicate the association of the “confirmed” type 2 diabetes susceptibility variants rs4402960 and rs1470579 in the French Caucasian population and to further characterize the susceptibility variants at this novel locus.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We genotyped a total of 21 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms spanning the IGF2BP2 locus in our type 2 diabetes case-control cohort comprising 3,093 French Caucasian subjects.RESULTS—IGF2BP2 variants rs4402960 and rs1470579 were not associated with type 2 diabetes in the present study (P = 0.632 and P = 0.896, respectively). Meta-analysis of genotype data from over 34,000 subjects demonstrated that our inability to replicate rs4402960/rs1470579 was consistent with the findings from several previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets that were underpowered to detect this modest association signal (odds ratio [OR] 1.14). We obtained novel evidence that rs9826022, a borderline rare variant (5% minor allele frequency) in the 3′ downstream region, was associated with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.0002; OR 1.53 [95% CI 1.22–1.91]). This result was corroborated by the meta-analysis of 10,542 genotypes from the current study and GWAS datasets using both fixed (P = 9.47 × 10⁻⁶; 1.30 [1.16–1.46]) and random effects (P = 0.001; 1.30 [1.11–1.52)] calculations.CONCLUSIONS—We were unable to replicate the confirmed rs4402960/rs1470579 susceptibility variants but found novel evidence for a rare variant in the 3′ downstream region of IGF2BP2. Further genetic and functional studies are required to identify the etiological IGF2BP2 variants.The insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) gene on chromosome 3q27 is a paralog of IGF2BP1, a known regulator of IGF2 gene expression. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) carried out by the Finland-U.S. Investigation of NIDDM Genetics (FUSION) (1), the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) (2), and the Diabetes Genetics Initiative (DGI) (3) groups each found modest evidence that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IGF2BP2 region are associated with type 2 diabetes. The subsequent meta-analysis of primary and replication datasets from these GWASs corroborated these findings and identified two strongly correlated IGF2BP2 variants, rs1470579 and rs4402960, as “confirmed” type 2 diabetes susceptibility variants (1–3). By contrast, the French/Canadian GWAS (4) typed 10 SNPs across the IGF2BP2 locus, including rs1470579, in 1,363 subjects, but found no nominal (P < 0.05) association signals at IGF2BP2. In an attempt to replicate the IGF2BP2 association findings in the French Caucasian population in a larger study and to further characterize the susceptibility variants at this novel locus, we performed an association study of HapMap Phase II tag SNPs spanning the IGF2BP2 locus in 3,093 French Caucasian subjects.