儿童急性白血病的骨关节表现

我科1964年1月～1987年6月收治急性白血病初治病例129例,有骨关节疼痛者30例,占病人总数23％,部份病人曾以风湿性关节炎、骨髓炎等诊断在外辗转就诊,延误了白血病的确诊与治疗,今报道如下以引起同道警惕。一、临床资料分析本组急性白血病共129例,男94例,女35例,年龄9月～13岁,确诊为急性淋巴细胞性自血病(急淋)88例,急性非淋巴细胞性白血病(急非淋)41例。出现骨关节疼痛者30例,其中男18例(急淋17例、急非淋1例),女12例(急淋7例、急非淋5例)。疼     

癌胚抗原免疫细胞化学检查提高脑膜癌病的诊断敏感性

目的:探讨癌胚抗原(CEA)免疫细胞化学方法在诊断脑膜癌病(meningeal carcinomatosis,MC)中的作用.方法:对13例确诊为MC患者的21份脑脊液标本、5例非MC患者的7份标本分别进行常规脑脊液细胞学检查和CEA免疫细胞化学检查.结果:常规脑脊液细胞学检查阳性率42.86％(9/21),CEA免疫细胞化学检查阳性率80.95％(17/21),两者相差显著(P<0.05);其中对首次腰穿获得的脑脊液标本检查,两种方法的阳性率分别为30.77％(4/13)和76.92％(10/13),两者相差也显著(P<0.05);非脑膜癌病患者的脑脊液检查结果均为阴性.结论:在诊断脑膜癌病时,CEA免疫细胞化学检查的敏感性高于常规脑脊液细胞学检查,且具有特异性.     

脑脊液白血病细胞三种检测方法比较

<正> 中枢神经系统白血病是白血病患者常见的神经系统并发症,严重地危害着病人生命。在脑脊液中检出白血病细胞是确诊中枢神经系统白血病的最有力证据。本室最近采用常规涂片、微型脑脊液玻片沉淀器及英国产Cytospin—2玻片沉淀制片三种检测方法进行比较,现报道如下: 资料与方法一、资料:本文50例均经临床诊断、骨髓细胞检查确诊的白血病患者。其中急淋33例、急粒8例、急单4例、急性早幼粒2例、慢粒急变1例、慢粒急淋变1例、慢淋1例。男32例、女18例。年龄2岁至58岁。病程3天至(约)4年。所有病例均有不同程度神经系统症状,头     

小儿“急淋”并发中枢神经系统白血病（附15例临床分析）

本文对小儿“急淋”并发中枢神经系统的白血病15例进行了临床分析,对“CNL”的发病率、早期诊断、治疗等问题进行了探讨。认为“CNL”(发病率65.2％)可发生在“急淋”病程的任何时期,并介绍治疗“CNL”的方法。     

红比霉素等不同药物组成的二种化疗方案治疗成人急非淋白血病疗效比较

本文报告用DATV和DA方案治疗成人急性非淋巴细胞(急非淋)白血病21例的疗效。DATV组11例有10例取得完全缓解(CR),CR率为90.9％;DA组10例有7例取得CR,CR率为70％,两组总的CR率80.5％。初步结果表明,DATV与DA方案相比,其CR率无明显差别(P>0.05)。     

抗凋亡基因survivin在白血病中的表达及其临床意义

目的 研究白血病患者survivin的表达及其在临床上的意义.方法 应用蛋白印迹法检测18例白血病患者化疗前和10例正常对照组外周血中单个核细胞survivin蛋白的表达,并与患者的临床特点进行相关性分析.结果 18例白血病患者中13例survivin表达阳性,而在正常对照组中检测均为阴性.急非淋组survivin表达显著高于急淋组;WBC>6.0×109组survivin表达显著高于WBC<6.0×109组(P<0.05);但在不同年龄、性别、急淋或急非淋的亚型、急/慢性、首发/复发组之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论 survivin基因可选择性地在白血病细胞中表达,提示survivin表达与白血病的发生有一定的关系.     

脑脊液Cystatin C在脑膜脑炎诊断中的价值探讨

目的:探讨脑脊液胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C(Cystatin C)在脑膜脑炎诊断中的临床价值。方法:检测51例脑膜炎、30例脑膜脑炎、42例脑炎患者及21例正常对照组脑脊液Cystatin C、总蛋白(TP)、葡萄糖(Glu)及氯化物(Cl)水平,以评价脑脊液中Cystatin C在脑膜脑炎诊断中的价值。结果:脑膜脑炎组Cystatin C(3.68±1.19 mg/L)较正常对照组(5.40±1.15mg/L)及脑膜炎组(5.08±1.42 mg/L)显著降低(p<0.01),与脑炎组(3.61±1.48 mg/L)比较无显著差异(p>0.05)。结论:脑脊液中Cystatin C联合Glu、Cl及TP对脑膜脑炎的诊断有一定价值。     

小儿急性白血病血清和尿液溶菌酶测定及其意义

<正> 溶菌酶是一种水解酶,不仅在机体的非特异性免疫方面起着重要作用,其活性变化对疾病的诊断和预后判断也有一定价值。我科自1992年10月起对50例小儿急性白血病(AL)进行血清和尿液溶菌酶测定,现将结果报告并分析如下。 1 对象和方法 1.1 对象 1.1.1 白血病组:50例中男性31例,女性19例;年龄3—13岁。经临床、血象和髓象确诊,其中标危型急淋(SR—ALL)17例,高危型急淋(HR—ALL)18例,急非淋(ANLL)15例,均为初治或复发病例。ALL和ANLL分别应用DVAP(红霉素+长春新碱+阿糖胞苷+泼尼松)和HA(高三尖杉酯碱     

急淋患儿脑脊液中β2-微球蛋白和铁蛋白水平观察

目的观察急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患儿脑脊液β2-微球蛋白(β 2-MG)和铁蛋白(ferritin)水平的变化,了解其在急淋伴中枢神经系统性白血病(CNSL)中诊断及疗效观察的意义.方法用放射免疫分析法(RIA)与化学发光酶免疫分析法(CLEIA)分别检测31例急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿脑脊液中的β 2-MG和ferritin水平.结果 ALL伴CNSL组脑脊液中β 2-MG和ferritin分别为(2.37±0.84)ng/mL,(5.23±2.20)ng/mL,高于正常对照组和ALL不伴CNSL组(P＜0.05);ALL不伴CNSL组脑脊液中β 2-MG和ferritin分别为(1.17±0.42)ng/mL,(2.20±1.03)ng/mL,与正常对照组比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05);同时观察了3例CNSL患儿β 2-MG和ferritin水平的动态变化有2例患儿脑脊液中β 2-MG和fer-titin水平随病情好转而下降,1例患儿无明显变化.结论脑脊液β2-MG和ferritin的测定对急淋伴有CNSL的诊断起到一定的辅助作用,同时可用于疗效观察,而对不伴有CNSL时其临床意义不大.     

中枢神经系统白血病脑脊液细胞检查的临床意义

<正>在脑脊液中检查白血病细胞是诊断中枢神系统白血病最有力的依据.现就我院1987~1997年收治的134例白血病患者的脑脊液白血病细胞检查结果分析如下.资料与方法一、一般资料本级134例白血病患者均经临床诊断,骨髓细胞学检查确诊.男性89例,女性45例;年龄2岁至68岁;病程3天~4年.本组急淋91例;急粒28例;急单6例;急性早幼粒5例;慢粒急粒变2例;慢粒急淋变1例;慢淋急变1例.上述病例,有神经系统症状者如头痛、头昏伴呕吐者88例,高颅压者32例,克匿格征及巴彬斯基征阳性1例.无神经系统症状13例.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.