Regulation of therapeutic and toxic effects of cardiac glycosides by electromagnetic radiations,alternating magnetic and electric fields

A model of bioassay of the toxic and therapeutic effects of cardiac glycosides (strophanthin K) was used in experiments within situ isolated hearts of laboratory frogs. This model helped reveal effective parameters of modulating the effects of electromagnetic radiations and of alternating magnetic and electric fields. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 11, pp. 502–504, November, 1994 Presented by S. N. Golikov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of the dipeptides gly-pro and pro-gly, glycine, and proline on cardiotropic effects of acetylcholine

The dipeptides Gly-Pro and Pro-Gly, glycine, and proline do not affect contractile activity of the Straub cardiac preparation of the frog. Gly-Pro and glycine augment, while Pro-Gly moderates the effects of acetylcholine. The effect of proline was insignificant. Equimolar amino acid mixtures and mixtures of the dipeptides decrease the effects of acetylcholine. Direction and the degree of Gly-Pro effect attests to specific action of this peptide on cardiac activity. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 8, pp. 139–141, August, 1998     

Effects of peroxidase therapy on functional state of the liver and phagocytes and blood cell counts in mice with experimental leprosy

We studied the effects of long-term therapy with horseradish peroxidase administered orally to mice with experimental leprosy. Horseradish peroxidase stimulated phagocyte myeloperoxidase activity that correlated with their functional activity, reduced leukocytosis, and produced no adverse effects on the liver. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 7, pp. 83–87, July, 2000     

Effects of microbial metabolites on catalase activity and growth of Staphylococcus aureus 6538 P

The effects of cell extracts and supernatants ofLactobacillus spp. andCorynebacterium spp. on catalase activity and growth ofStaphylococcus aureus 6538 P were studied. Intra- and extracellular metabolites of lactobacilli and corynebacteria inhibited catalase activity ofS. aureus 6538 P. The growth ofS. aureus 6538 P decreased after incubation with lactobacillus metabolites. The inhibitory effect of intra- and extracellular metabolites of lactobacilli and corynebacteria on catalase activity ofS. aureus is a possible pathway of microbial interrelations responsible for the formation and/or development of microbial biocenoses. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 7, pp. 80–82, July, 2000     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Effect of suphan, lidocaine, and their combination on early occlusion and reperfusion arrhythmias in cats

It is shown that the nonglycoside cardiotonic drug suphan exhibits antiarrhythmic and antifibrillatory activity, although less pronounced than that of lidocaine. When lidocaine was administered after suphan, the antifibrillatory effects of both preparations increased. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 5, pp. 545–547, May, 1997     

Effects of peroxidase therapy on functional state of the liver and phagocytes and blood cell counts in mice with experimental leprosy

We studied the effects of long-term therapy with horseradish peroxidase administered orally to mice with experimental leprosy. Horseradish peroxidase stimulated phagocyte myeloperoxidase activity that correlated with their functional activity, reduced leukocytosis, and produced no adverse effects on the liver. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 7, pp. 83–87, July, 2000     

Effects of D-amphetamine on extracellular dopamine content and generation of hydroxyl radicals in the striatum of freely moving rats

Four intraperitoneal injections of D-amphetamine induced dose-dependent effects on extracellular dopamine content and generation of hydroxyl radical in rat striatum. Neurotoxic effects of D-amphetamine were probably mediated by intense generation of hyroxyl radicals. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 11, pp. 538–540, November, 1999     

Correction of hyperlipoproteinogenic microangiopathy and organ pathology with thymalin and leu-enkephalin in the early stages of atherogenesis

The effects of thymalin and leu-enkephalin on lipid peroxidation and microcirculatory disorders in the early stages of atherogenesis are compared. Correction of the generalized microcirculatory response to hyperlipoproteinemia with the peptides manifested itself in the regression of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta and restoration of the morphofunctional state of the myocardium and liver. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 1, pp. 108–111, January, 1996     

Effects of microbial metabolites on catalase activity and growth ofStaphylococcus aureus 6538 P

The effects of cell extracts and supernatants ofLactobacillus spp. andCorynebacterium spp. on catalase activity and growth ofStaphylococcus aureus 6538 P were studied. Intra- and extracellular metabolites of lactobacilli and corynebacteria inhibited catalase activity ofS. aureus 6538 P. The growth ofS. aureus 6538 P decreased after incubation with lactobacillus metabolites. The inhibitory effect of intra- and extracellular metabolites of lactobacilli and corynebacteria on catalase activity ofS. aureus is a possible pathway of microbial interrelations responsible for the formation and/or development of microbial biocenoses. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 7, pp. 80–82, July, 2000     

Adrenergic and cholinergic mechanisms of hemopoiesis regulation during experimental neuroses

Scopolamine abolished hyperplasia of erythropoiesis caused by conflict situation and its inhibition after paradoxical sleep deprivation, but did not affect granulomonocytopoiesis. The modulatory effects of this muscarinic receptor blocker on the erythron indicated involvement of the cholinergic system in the formation of neurotransmitter interrelations.In vitro restoration of the colony-forming ability of myelokaryocytes under the effect of sympathomimetics duringin vivo blockade of the central or peripheral part of the adrenergic system indicated that adrenoceptors play the major role in the information transfer from the higher regulatory centers to hemopoietic cells. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 4, pp. 381–385, April, 2000     

Effect on different mutant p53 on cell sensitivity to cytostatics

Expression of human p53 carrying missense mutations at codons 175 (His175), 194 (His194), 248 (Trp248), and 273 (His273) has different effects on sensitivity of K562, 10(1), 10(3), and Rat1 cells to the antitumor drugs methotrexate, etoposide, vinblastine. These effects of mutant p53 depend on both particular amino acid substitution and cell context (histogenetic type, status of the second allele,etc.) Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp. 324–327, March, 1999     

Niflumic acid reduces the hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) in rod photoreceptor cells

We examined the effects of niflumic acid (NFA), a chloride channel blocker, on the hyperpolarization-activated current (I_h) in newt rod photoreceptors. At 100 μM, NFA delayed the activation of I_h induced by hyperpolarizing voltage pulses to −83 mV from a holding potential of −43 mV, and reduced the steady-state current. However, reduction by NFA was weakened when I_h was activated by hyperpolarizing steps to −123 mV, suggesting that these effects were voltage-dependent. The suppressive effects of NFA on I_h were accompanied by a negative shift in activation voltage. NFA also delayed the relaxation of I_h tail currents, showing that this drug also inhibited deactivation of the current. The reversal potential and the fully activated conductance were not affected. These observations suggest that NFA reduces I_h by modifying the gating kinetics of the underlying channels. The suppressive actions of NFA remained when intracellular Ca²⁺ was strongly chelated, and the failure of suppression by NFA in inside-out patches suggests that the agent may act on the I_h channel from the extracellular side. These results, obtained in rod photoreceptors, are consistent with similar effects of NFA on I_f in cardiac myocytes, suggesting that both currents share similar pharmacological properties.     

Antiarrhythmic properties of a new Suphan-based combined preparation and their possible mechanism of realisation

Considerable potentiation of antiarrhythmic and antifibrilation effects of two cardiotonic agents, Suphan and the Na-channel blocker L1, was found in the model experimentsin vivo with early occlusion and reperfusion arrhythmias. Suphan in combination with L1 inhibited the rise of intracellular Ca²⁺ (by about 70%) in isolated cardiomyocytes incubated under hypoxic conditions. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 1, pp. 59–62, January, 1998     

Functional interaction between various glutamate receptors

The interaction of glutamate with various receptors in glutamatergic neurons and functional interaction between glutamate receptors are reviewed. It is hypothesized that metabotropic receptors perform defensive functions in the brain by protecting neurons from neurotoxic effects caused by excessive glutamate release. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, 130, No. 9, pp. 244–251, September, 2000     

Effect of benzodiazepines on synaptosomal Ca2+ transport in mice with different phenotype of emotional stress reactions

The effects of 5 benzodiazepines on basal and K⁺-induced Ca²⁺ concentration in synaptoneurosomes from intact and stressed C57B1/6 and BALB/c mice were studiedin vitro. Membrane depolarization induced by low KCl concentrations produced different effects on Ca²⁺ accumulation by synaptoneurosomes from two mouse strains. Benzodiazepines appliedin vitro exerted no effects on Ca²⁺ influx. In synaptoneurosomes from both C57B1/6 and BALB/c mice exposed to emotional stress diazepam in a dose of 5 mg/kg reduced the basal and K⁺-induced Ca²⁺ accumulation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 3, pp. 304–305, March, 2000     

Cerivastatin modulates antiatherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins in patients with coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia

The effects of cerivastatin on antiatherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins were studied in patients with coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia. Apart from hypolipidemic effects, cerivastatin changed the phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins and improved their cholesterol-acceptor properties. This effect was most pronounced in the serum from patients with low content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These data indicate that cerivastatin modulates antiatherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 10, pp. 433–436, October, 2000     

Antiarrhythmic activity of befol, suphan, mexidol, and T3-146 in combination with some antiarrhythmics

Antidepressant befol, nonglycoside cardiotonic suphan, succinate-containing synthetic antioxidant mexidol, and pyracetam structural analogue T3-146 were shown to possess antiarrhythmic activity and to potentiate antiarrhythmic effects of bonnecore, obsidan, amiodarone, isoptin, and richlocaine. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 5, pp. 544–547, May, 1998     

Functional interaction between various glutamate receptors

The interaction of glutamate with various receptors in glutamatergic neurons and functional interaction between glutamate receptors are reviewed. It is hypothesized that metabotropic receptors perform defensive functions in the brain by protecting neurons from neurotoxic effects caused by excessive glutamate release. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, 130, No. 9, pp. 244–251, September, 2000