间接检眼镜眼底成像技术下的早产儿视网膜病变检查

目的:探讨双目间接检眼镜眼底成像技术下的早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)检查前后管理。方法:对2006年1月1日～2007年8月30日广州市妇女儿童医疗中心利用双目间接检眼镜眼底成像技术对250例早产儿进行ROP检查的管理进行回顾性分析。结果:检查顺利进行,23例诊断ROP(9.2%)。检查后无感染、出血等并发症发生。结论:加强ROP相关知识的培训,对于利用间接检眼镜眼底成像技术进行ROP检查的顺利进行是非常重要的。     

数字化双目间接检眼镜进行早产儿视网膜病变筛查的价值分析

目的探讨数字化双目间接检眼镜在早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)筛查中的临床价值。方法选取200例早产儿为研究对象,采用数字化双目间接检眼镜对ROP分型进行初步筛查。以最终临床诊断为"金标准",分析数字化双目间接检眼镜在ROP筛查中的灵敏度、特异性和符合率,并比较数字化双目间接检眼镜和"金标准"在ROP诊断与分型中的差异。结果 200例早产儿经最终临床诊断为ROP 36例,发病率为18.00%。数字化双目间接检眼镜在ROP筛查中的诊断灵敏度为88.89%,特异性为96.95%,符合率为95.50%。数字化双目间接检眼镜和"金标准"在ROP诊断及ROP分类中的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论数字化双目间接检眼镜在ROP筛查中具有较高的灵敏度和特异性,在ROP的诊断中具有较高的临床应用价值。     

间接检眼镜

借助眼睛这个光学系统,从眼球外面照明眼球内部,观察视神经乳头、视网膜等眼底状态的仪器,称为检眼镜。根据观察到的眼底像的情况,分为直接检眼镜和间接检眼镜。直接检眼镜是我国目前眼科临床应用的主要器械,缺点是视野小,检查时,医师和病人的脸部贴得很近。间接检眼镜早在二十多年前就已经在西欧、日本、美国等国家普遍采用,成为比直接检眼镜更重要的眼底诊察器械,优     

新型眼科器械与鹤牌人工晶体

新型眼科器械与鹤牌人工晶体由苏州医疗器械总厂研制开发的一批高科技医疗器械新产品：ＹＺ２０Ｔ５型同光路手术显微镜，ＹＺ２５Ａ双目间接检眼镜，ＹＺ２０ＰＳ轻便型手术显微镜，ＮＺ２０脑外科手术显微镜，ＹＺ９０５激光裂隙灯，今年１月在苏州通过省级鉴定并注册。...     

RetCamⅢ在新生儿眼底病变筛查中的应用

目的探析RetCamⅢ在新生儿眼底病变筛查中的应用价值。方法选取我院2013年10月至2015年9月行眼底筛查的新生儿4 320例为研究对象,先对其进行RetCamⅢ广域视网膜成像系统检查,而后予以双目间接检眼镜检查,评估两种检查方式的新生儿眼底病变检出情况。结果RetCamⅢ新生儿眼底病变检出1 731例(40.07%),其中眼底出血者1 576例(36.48%),早产儿视网膜病变者(ROP)56例(1.30%),遗传性、发育性眼底病变者51例(1.18%),其他病变者48例(1.11%)。RetCamⅢ新生儿眼底病变检出率为40.07%,显著高于双目间接检眼镜法的37.04%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RetCamⅢ检查中出现不良反应共20例,其中呕吐3例,嘴唇发绀2例,细菌性结膜炎2例,未出现视网膜脱离、视网膜出血、角膜水肿等严重并发症情况;双目间接检眼镜法检查中未出现不良反应。结论新生儿眼底病变危害性较严重,病变多样,需早期筛查。对新生儿眼底病变进行RetCamⅢ检查是较安全有效的检查方式,值得临床推广。     

激光扫描检眼仪—未来的眼科图像系统

自1850年第一台检眼镜问世以来,人们掌握了借助于眼前的一个反射镜将一束光照射到眼内,从而检查眼底的方法,就好象通过一个钥匙孔来窥视一间黑暗的房子一样,这就是检查眼底的最基本的光学原理。后来临床上大量应用的各种各样的检眼镜、眼底照相机都是基     

欧宝全景200在糖尿病视网膜病变检查中的应用

目的研究在糖尿病视网膜病变检查中使用英国欧宝全景200度广角激光眼底镜(简称:欧宝全景200)的临床价值。方法抽取2018年6月—2020年1月梅州市梅江区深梅眼科医院收治的糖尿病视网膜病变患者82例161眼,对所有患者均使用欧宝全景200在散瞳与瞳孔恢复后进行检测,并以间接检眼镜为金标准进行分析比较,分析欧宝全景200对糖尿病视网膜病变的诊断结果、灵敏度及特异度等。结果间接检眼镜检查与欧宝全景200检查,对糖尿病视网膜病变的诊断正确率,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。间接检眼镜检查与欧宝全景200对小瞳糖尿病视网膜病变检测灵敏度及特异度,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。间接检眼镜检查与欧宝全景200对散瞳糖尿病视网膜病变,检测灵敏度及特异度,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论欧宝全景200在此次研究中的应用效果较为理想,可提高糖尿病视网膜病变的诊断水平,和间接检眼镜检测有较高的一致性,可行性较高。     

裂隙灯显微镜联合90D前置镜在准分子激光术前眼底检查中的应用

目的探讨裂隙灯显微镜联合90D前置镜应用于准分子激光术前眼底检查中的可行性。方法对拟行准分子激光手术的480例（945眼）进行自然瞳孔下欧堡全景200激光扫描眼底拍照,散瞳后行裂隙灯显微镜联合90D前置镜检查眼底,再用三面镜进一步详细检查,对有临床意义的严重视网膜病变作记录。以三面镜检查结果为标准,评价欧堡全景200激光扫描眼底检查、裂隙灯显微镜联合90D前置镜检查对严重视网膜病变的检出情况。结果480例（945眼）中,用欧堡全景200激光扫描眼底检查、裂隙灯显微镜联合90D前置镜眼底检查、三面镜眼底检查发现有临床意义的严重视网膜病变数分别为12例（18眼,1．9％）、45例（49眼,5．2％）、47例（52眼,5．5％）。以三面镜检查结果为金标准,欧堡全景200激光扫描检眼镜对眼底严重病变检出率为34．61％,而90D前置镜的检出率为94．23％,差异有统计学意义（x2=40．32,P〈0．01）。90D前置镜对不同屈光度患者的眼底病变检出情况与三面镜检查结果比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论裂隙灯显微镜联合90D前置镜对眼底严重病变检出率高,且方便、快速,视野广,无直接接触,减少交叉感染,可很好地应用于准分子激光术前不同屈光度患者的眼底检查中。     

早产儿视网膜病筛查的护理管理

目的探讨早产儿视网膜病变筛查中护理管理的方法。方法743例早产儿由医生使用计算机辅助双目间接检眼镜系统进行视网膜病变筛查,护士为患儿实施检查前、中、后的全面护理管理。结果所有早产儿均安全、顺利地完成视网膜眼底检查。结论因为早产儿组织器官发育不成熟、功能不全、抵抗力差,完成视网膜检查过程需要护士为患儿进行全方位的护理管理,以保证检查的顺利完成。     

早产儿视网膜病筛查的护理管理

目的探讨早产儿视网膜病变筛查中护理管理的方法。方法743例早产儿由医生使用计算机辅助双目间接检眼镜系统进行视网膜病变筛查,护士为患儿实施检查前、中、后的全面护理管理。结果所有早产儿均安全、顺利地完成视网膜眼底检查。结论因为早产儿组织器官发育不成熟、功能不全、抵抗力差,完成视网膜检查过程需要护士为患儿进行全方位的护理管理,以保证检查的顺利完成。     

B超诊断早产儿视网膜病有效性分析

目的:评估B超进行眼底检查的实用性及对ROP诊断的有效率。方法:2007年6月1日～2008年3月8日对112例早产儿运用B超和间接眼底镜检查,以间接眼底检查诊断ROP的结果为"金标准",记录B超检查眼底结果并进行统计学分析。结果:应用B超诊断224只眼睛,检出ROP病变13只眼睛,11只被间接眼底镜证实患有ROP,其敏感度为25%,特异度为98.9%,阳性预测值为84.6%,阴性预测值84.4%。结论:B超不是目前ROP筛查的理想手段,可在一定条件下进行早产儿的ROPⅢ期的随访,但由于其操作简单、安全性好,故此技术应继续深入研究。     

Victorian clinical photography

For artists to be able to create a comprehensive illustration of an ocular fundus they must be able to examine the fundus themselves. This requires them to be proficient in the use of binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy and scleral indentation, they must be able to recognize normal anatomical structures and pathological variations in the ocular fundus. A detailed step-by-step explanation is given on how to perform the examination.     

Retinal phototoxicity: a review of standard methodology for evaluating retinal optical radiation hazards

Optical radiation (light) safety standards can be difficult to use for the evaluation of light hazards to the retina, even for persons experienced in radiometry and photometry. This paper reviews terminology and methodology for evaluating optical radiation hazards to the retina in accordance with international standard ISO 15004-2 Ophthalmic instruments-Fundamental requirements and test methods, Part 2: Light hazard protection (2007). All optical radiation safety standards use similar methods. Specifically, this paper illustrates how to evaluate the retinal hazards from various ophthalmic instruments including the following: diffuse illumination of the cornea; incident light diverging at the cornea (direct ophthalmoscope, operation microscope, fixation lamp); and incident light converging at the cornea (indirect ophthalmoscope, fundus camera, slit lamp biomicroscope). A brief review of radiometry and the use of certified optical components by manufacturers as specified by the ISO standard is also provided. Finally, the authors provide examples of the use of photometric measurements in hazard evaluation.     

Comparing the Utility of the Non-Mydriatic Fundus Camera to the Direct Ophthalmoscope for Medical Education

Visualization of the fundus is an important component of any ophthalmologic exam. Students are taught to visualize the fundus using a direct handheld ophthalmoscope. However, this device has many limitations, which may be a detriment to medical education and patient care. The invention of the non-mydriatic automatic fundus camera could significantly improve medical education. Our study examined the ability of a group of 5 medical students to visualize pathology and form a diagnosis with a traditional handheld ophthalmoscope and an automatic fundus camera. With the direct ophthalmoscope, none of the students were able to visualize the macula, a crucial aspect of the ophthalmologic exam. With the automatic fundus camera, all students were able to visualize the fundus. The latter modality also increased the proportion of students that was able to correctly diagnose the patients with diabetic retinopathy, 100% vs 40%. On average, students were also more confident in their ability to visualize basic retinal anatomy with the automatic fundus camera, 9.6/10 vs 6.4/10. Thus, incorporating the non-mydriatic automatic fundus camera into medical education, alongside the handheld ophthalmoscope, has the potential to improve both learning outcomes and patient care.     

Tele-ophthalmology screening for retinal and anterior segment diseases

A digital indirect ophthalmoscope (DIO) was developed and tested for use in tele-ophthalmology screening for posterior and anterior segment diseases. Using custom software, images from the DIO were digitized, compressed, stored and transmitted to a centralized eye clinic for interpretation. A total of 43 subjects were primarily screened for glaucoma using the DIO, a hand-held fundus camera and a stereo fundus camera. The photographic slides from the stereo fundus camera used as gold standards. Images (390 x 300 pixels x 3 bits) were stored using a laptop computer together with patient information. Image quality received at the central eye clinic was good and showed adequate diagnostic information. An ophthalmologist estimated cup-disc ratios and graded the quality of the images. The sensitivity and specificity of each instrument was calculated. A high sensitivity and specificity was found when using the DIO, indicating that it could be used in tele-ophthalmic screenings. Further modifications are needed to make the instrument more user-friendly and to enable it to be used with undilated pupils, so that it can be easily operated by health-care personnel in remote areas. The camera can also be used to image gross external eye pathology.     

Manual opthalmoscope OR-2]

An ophthalmoscope of the OP-2 type has been designed and built to investigate the eye fundus in white and "red-free" light and also intended for use with an orange photofilter. The device enables the eye fundus to be examined without restoring to a medicamentous dilatation of the pupil. The illumination produced by the ophthalmoscope is nearly twice as great as the one provided for by the earlier manufactured ophthalmoscope, model sigma0-61. The slit and diaphanoscopic attachments that go with the ophthalmoscope allow it to see the "optical sections" of the cornea, the iris, as well as the crystalline lens and also to make demonstrable sections to the eye with lesser transparency, this enabling one to judge about the presence of tumours and other pathological conditions of the eyeball.     

河北怀来地区老年人视力状况及影响因素分析

目的分析影响河北怀来地区老年人视力的主要因素。方法对2010年1月~2012年12月在河北怀来县医院眼科门诊就诊的70岁以上的老年人行眼科常规查体,对矫正视力低于1.0的患者行直接、间接检眼镜检查、视野、眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)、吲哚青绿脉络膜血管造影(ICGA)、光学相干断层扫描(OCT)等检查,找出病因。结果共有2960人(5920眼)参与检查,其中白内障4410眼(74.50%),老年性黄斑变性(AMD)1440眼(24.32%),青光眼252眼(4.25%),单纯性视神经萎缩133眼(2.25%),眼底视网膜病变(糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞等)146眼(2.47%)。影响视力的主要原因是白内障、AMD、青光眼、视神经萎缩及眼底视网膜病变。结论老年人眼部疾病明显增多,加强宣传眼病防治知识可有效改善老年人的生活质量。