结缔组织生长因子对角膜成纤维细胞α5β1整合素表达的影响

目的 :观察结缔组织生长因子 (connectivetissuegrowthfactor,CTGF)对体外培养的角膜成纤维细胞α5β1整合素表达的影响。方法 :体外培养兔角膜成纤维细胞 ,经 0 .5、5、5 0和 5 0 0ng/mlCTGF处理 2 4h后 ,用免疫组化染色检测角膜成纤维细胞α5β1整合素的表达情况。结果 :与对照组相比 ,0 .5、5、5 0和 5 0 0ng/ml的CTGF能呈剂量依赖性地促进角膜成纤维细胞α5β1整合素的表达 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :一定浓度的CTGF能促进角膜成纤维细胞α5β1整合素的表达 ,它可能参与角膜基质损伤修复过程中角膜成纤维细胞与细胞外基质以及角膜成纤维细胞之间的黏附和角膜成纤维细胞的移行过程。     

整合素在晶状体上皮细胞中的表达及其作用研究进展

整合素是介导细胞与细胞间及细胞与细胞外基质相互作用的重要黏附分子，其可参与晶状体上皮细胞的黏附和移行。本文综述了整合素在晶状体上皮细胞中的表达及其作用，以其对晶状体的发育、白内障及后发障的形成有进一步的了解。     

整合素及其在眼科疾病中的作用

整合素是由细胞分泌,存在于细胞表面的一种跨膜蛋白.其主要功能是参与细胞与细胞、细胞与细胞外基质的黏附和信号转导.在晶状体的发育与晶状体疾病、青光眼、角膜病、近视、增生性玻璃体视网膜病变中,整合素参与细胞的识别、活化和信号转导,参与细胞的增生、分化以及细胞的伸展和迁移,从而改变了细胞与细胞外基质的微环境,引起一系列生理病理变化.     

肌成纤维细胞在青光眼滤过术后伤口愈合中的研究进展

青光眼滤过手术是治疗青光眼的主要手术方式,影响手术成功率的主要因素即为手术部位过度愈合、滤过道瘢痕化产生。滤过道瘢痕化的主要特点即为细胞通过上皮间充质转化过程转化为肌成纤维细胞。形成的肌成纤维细胞迅速产生过量的细胞外基质,并通过细胞外基质产生收缩力,造成组织结构的异常,妨碍滤过道引流。本文主要就肌成纤维细胞在青光眼滤过术后伤口愈合过程中的病理作用进行综述。     

整合素在脉络膜新生血管生成中的作用

整合素是一类异二聚体家族,作为细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)的受体,选择性表达于激活的内皮细胞的有腔和无腔表面,参与内皮细胞的移行、增生、分化和毛细血管样管腔结构的形成,并最终形成新生血管.在脉络膜新生血管形成过程中,整合素与多种细胞因子如碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、血管内皮生长因子、血小板衍生生长因子等.以及基质金属蛋白酶协同作用,介导细胞向细胞间和ECM的移行和黏附,并调控细胞周期.整合索及其ECM配体的结合引发一系列复杂的胞内级联信号,包括黏着斑激酶的酪氨酸磷酸化、细胞内钙离子水平增加、细胞周期蛋白合成以及早期基因表达等;阻断整合素及其配体的作用能抑制细胞生长或诱导细胞凋亡.已有的研究结果提示,整合素可能是未来治疗脉络膜新生血管的有效靶点之一.     

整合素在角膜上皮创伤愈合中的研究进展

整合素作为一类重要的细胞黏附分子,通过影响细胞的形态,介导细胞的黏附、迁移和增生,在角膜上皮创伤愈合中发挥了重要的作用。讨论α2β1、α3β1、α5β1、αvβ3、α6β4、α9β1和αvβ6这7种整合素在角膜上皮创伤愈合中的研究进展及其临床意义。α6β4整合素为半桥粒的主要组成部分,介导角膜上皮细胞在细胞外基质上的静态黏附,损伤后该黏附就转变为α2β1、α3β1整合素介导的动态黏附,细胞在黏附-去黏附的过程中实现迁移,从而修复创面。α6β4、α3β1整合素相互协调作用,实现上皮细胞的板层状运动。研究还发现α6β4、α3β1整合素的活化还能促进细胞的增生。损伤后上皮细胞表面α5β1、αvβ3整合素的表达上调,二者与黏着斑的形成密切相关。α9β1和αvβ6为近年来新发现的与角膜上皮创伤愈合有关的整合素,其具体作用尚有待进一步的研究。     

β1整合素过表达促进体外兔角膜上皮细胞黏附和迁移

目的:探讨β1整合素过表达对角膜上皮细胞黏附和迁移的影响机制。方法:将β1整合素-GFP融合蛋白真核细胞重组表达质粒转染兔角膜上皮细胞,观察转染细胞的融合基因表达以及细胞的黏附和迁移能力。检测β1整合素转染对角膜上皮细胞粘着斑激酶(FAK)磷酸化的影响。结果:成功将β1整合素-GFP融合蛋白转染至兔角膜上皮细胞并使其过表达;β1整合素过表达能够明显增加角膜上皮细胞的黏附和迁移能力(P<0.05)并促进FAK磷酸化(P<0.05)。结论:β1整合素过表达能够明显促进角膜上皮细胞的黏附和迁移。     

β1整合素过表达促进体外角膜上皮细胞黏附和迁移

目的:探讨β1整合素过表达对角膜上皮细胞黏附和迁移的影响机制。方法:将β1整合素-GFP融合蛋白真核细胞重组表达质粒转染兔角膜上皮细胞,观察转染细胞的融合基因表达以及细胞的黏附和迁移能力。检测β1整合素转染对角膜上皮细胞粘着斑激酶(FAK)磷酸化的影响。结果:成功将β1整合素-GFP融合蛋白转染至兔角膜上皮细胞并使其过表达;β1整合素过表达能够明显增加角膜上皮细胞的黏附和迁移能力(P<0.05)并促进FAK磷酸化(P<0.05)。结论:β1整合素过表达能够明显促进角膜上皮细胞的黏附和迁移。     

整合素-α5及其配体在大鼠角膜创伤愈合中的表达

整合素属细胞黏附分子，是由α和β亚单位通过非共价键形式结合成为跨膜糖蛋白，主要介导细胞与细胞和细胞与细胞外基质间的黏附，并在角膜创伤愈合中起重要作用。α5主要与β1结合。文献报道，配体纤维连接蛋白(fibronectin，FN)是以二聚体形式存在的大分子糖蛋白，经典受体为整合素-α5，大鼠角膜移植术后角膜创缘上皮细胞、迁移上皮细胞膜基底面及基质切口边缘α5及FN蛋白表达量明显增加；当创伤愈合后，其α5及FN蛋白表达消失。为此我们对大鼠角膜创伤愈合中整合素-α5及FN蛋白表达量进行检测，探讨其在角膜创伤愈合中的作用，现将结果报告如下。     

β1整合素过表达抑制角膜上皮细胞凋亡的实验研究(英文)

目的:探讨β1整合素功能性过表达对角膜上皮细胞凋亡的影响及机制,为角膜细胞移植提供理论依据。方法:构建β1整合素-绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)融合基因并转染兔角膜上皮细胞。观察融合基因在角膜上皮细胞的表达及对各细胞外基质蛋白的黏附能力。检测β1整合素功能性转染对角膜上皮细胞凋亡及丝裂素活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAP激酶)磷酸化的影响。结果:β1整合素-GFP融合基因成功转染至兔角膜上皮细胞并过表达;β1整合素过表达能够明显增加角膜上皮细胞对各细胞外基质蛋白的黏附力并抑制角膜上皮细胞凋亡及促使MAP激酶磷酸化。结论:β1整合素过表达能有效抑制角膜上皮细胞凋亡,MAP激酶磷酸化可能在这一过程中起重要作用。     

Production of fibronectin and tenascin isoforms and their role in the adhesion of human immortalized corneal epithelial cells

PURPOSE: To study the production and deposition of fibronectin (Fn) isoforms and tenascin-C (Tn-C) by immortalized human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells and their integrin-dependent adhesion characteristics. METHODS: Indirect immunofluorescence with isoform-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was used to study extracellular matrix (ECM) protein composition and their integrin receptors in HCE cells. The synthesis of proteins was studied by Western blot analysis and adhesion by quantitative adhesion assay. RESULTS: HCE cells deposited fibrillar matrix containing extradomain EDA-Fn and sparser deposits of Onc-Fn, whereas Tn-C was deposited diffusely. EDA-Fn was present both in ECM and in culture medium, whereas Tn-C was present only in ECM. Fn-binding integrin (Int) alpha(5) subunit was present in subconfluent cells in focal adhesions (FAs) and matrix adhesions, whereas Int alpha(v)beta(5) was present in FAs in sparse cultures and as ringlike structures in denser cultures. Int alpha(v)beta(6) was colocalized with Int alpha(5) in FAs, only in cells adhering to growth substratum coated with Fn or Fn/Tn-C. Ints alpha(5)beta(1) and alpha(v)beta(6) mediated adhesion to Fn and Int alpha(v)beta(5) mediated adhesion to Vn, and both were inhibited by RGD peptide. The cells failed to adhere to Tn-C but adhered to Fn/Tn-C and were then more efficiently inhibited by the function-blocking integrin mAbs and RGD peptide. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest corneal epithelial cells as the possible source for Fn isoforms and Tn-C in wound healing and pathologic conditions. The presence of Tn-C only in ECM suggest a vectorial deposition and adhesion experiments also indicate a role for Tn-C in Fn functioning.     

细胞外基质相关分子在眼底新生血管形成中的作用

眼底新生血管形成是导致增生型糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)、早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)及年龄相关性黄斑变性( AMD)患者视力丧失的主要原因之一.细胞外基质(ECM)固有成分中的胶原蛋白、弹性蛋白等经酶解后在体外研究及动物实验中已证实可促进脉络膜新生血管(CNV)、视网膜新生血管形成的发生.ECM黏附分子中的整合素α5β1与纤连蛋白在体外可促进内皮细胞黏附、增生,其抑制剂于体内则可抑制CNV、视网膜新生血管的发生,整合素αV β3及αV β5的抑制剂在体内也可发挥类似作用.黏附分子中的选择素及细胞间黏附分子则主要通过介导白细胞与内皮细胞间的相互作用促进新生血管形成.ECM降解相关的丝氨酸蛋白酶,尤其是尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂( uPA)(通过促进纤溶酶的生成)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)(主要是MMP-2及MMP-9),在体外及体内实验中已证明可促进CNV、视网膜新生血管的发生,而I型纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂(PAI-1)及组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂(TIMPs)则可抑制新生血管形成.对ECM相关分子在CNV、视网膜新生血管形成中作用的深入研究将为预防和治疗眼底新生血管形成提供新的思路和方法.     

Modified BIGH3 with an RGDRGD motif promotes human corneal epithelial cell adhesion and migration in vitro

PURPOSE: BIGH3 protein plays an important role in mediating human corneal epithelial (HCE) cell adhesion and migration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of native and modified BIGH3 protein containing an Arg-Gly-Asp-Arg-Gly-Asp (RGDRGD) motif on the adhesion and migration of HCE cells. METHODS: A modified human BIGH3 gene containing an RGDRGD motif was obtained by rapid site-directed mutagenesis. Recombinant human native and modified BIGH3 proteins were then obtained and purified. The effects of the native and the modified version on the adhesion and migration of HCE cells were examined in the presence or absence of anti-alpha3beta1 antibody or anti-BIGH3 antibody or RGD peptide in vitro. RESULTS: Recombinant native and modified BIGH3 proteins were successfully obtained and significantly promoted the adhesion and migration of human HCE cells in vitro, and the construct with the RGDRGD motif was more effective. The enhanced adhesion and migration were blocked by anti-alpha3beta1antibody or anti-BIGH3 antibody or RGD peptide. CONCLUSION: BIGH3 promotes HCE cell adhesion and migration; modified RGDRGD-BIGH3 was more effective than native BIGH, and this is mediated by the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif and alpha3beta1integrin in a RGD-dependent manner.     

Evidence for differential signaling in human conjunctival epithelial cells adherent to laminin isoforms

Both the laminin composition of the basement membrane and the keratin intermediate filament composition of the epithelial cell differs between cornea and conjunctiva, suggesting that at least some aspects of ocular surface epithelial cell differentiation may be regulated by extracellular matrix. The purpose of this study was to analyse the role of beta1 integrin in intracellular signaling pathways in human conjunctival epithelial cells adherent to laminin. In addition, the purpose was to compare the phosphorylation kinetics of signaling intermediates in cells adherent to different laminin isoforms. Cell adhesion assays, integrin clustering experiments, and integrin function blocking experiments demonstrated that beta1 but not beta4 integrin mediated human conjunctival epithelial cell adhesion to placental laminin isoforms (laminin-10/11) and induced focal adhesion kinase (FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation. Western blot analysis of cell lysates adherent to placental laminin showed that the tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas and FAK was maximally above constitutive levels after 60 min. In cells adherent to EHS laminin (laminin-1), the tyrosine phosphorylation kinetics of tensin, p130Cas, FAK and unknown proteins of 138 kDa and 110 kDa were similar, and peaked above constitutive levels after 30 min. Tyrosine phosphorylation of a 70 kDa protein was induced by cell adhesion to EHS laminin after 5 min, and phosphorylation peaked at 15 min. In contrast, the tyrosine phosphorylation of the 70 kDa protein was undetected in cells adherent to placental laminin. Erk-1 phosphorylation and activation was not differentially modulated by conjunctival epithelial cell adhesion to laminins. However, phosphorylation and activation kinetics of Erk-2 in cells adherent to placental laminin was similar to that observed for FAK and p130Cas. Erk-2 phosphorylation and activation was essentially undetectable in cells adherent to EHS laminin. These observations suggest that human conjunctival epithelial cell adhesion to different laminin isoforms activates different intracellular signaling pathways, and provides support for the hypothesis that extracellular matrix molecules can modulate ocular surface epithelial cell differentiation via alternate signaling pathways.     

Integrin adhesion in regulation of lacrimal gland acinar cell secretion

The extracellular microenvironment regulates lacrimal gland acinar cell secretion. Culturing isolated rabbit lacrimal gland acinar cells on different extracellular matrix proteins revealed that laminin enhances carbachol-stimulated secretion to a greater extent than other extracellular matrix proteins investigated. Furthermore, immunofluorescence indicated that integrin subunits, potentially functioning as laminin receptors are present in acinar cells. Among these, the integrin alpha6 and beta1 subunit mRNA expression was also confirmed by RT-PCR and sequence analysis. Secretion assays, which measured beta-hexosaminidase activity released in the culture media, demonstrated that function-blocking integrin alpha6 and beta1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) induce a rapid, transient and dose-dependent secretory response in cultured cells. To determine the intracellular pathways by which integrin alpha6 and beta1 mAbs could induce secretion, selected second messenger molecules were inhibited. Although inhibitors of protein kinase C and IP(3)-induced Ca(2+) mobilization attenuated carbachol-stimulated secretion, no effect on integrin mAb-induced release was observed. In addition, protein tyrosine kinases do not appear to have a role in transducing signals arising from mAb interactions. Our data clearly demonstrate, though, that cell adhesion through integrins regulates secretion from lacrimal gland acinar cells. The fact that the integrin mAbs affect the cholinergic response differently and that the integrin beta1 mAb secretion, but not the alpha6, was attenuated by the phosphatase inhibitor, sodium orthovanadate, suggests that each subunit utilizes separate intracellular signaling pathways to induce exocytosis. The results also indicate that the secretory response triggered by the beta1 integrin mAb is generated through dephosphorylation events.     

整合素在人眼小梁网组织中的表达及意义的研究进展

整合素是一类细胞膜表面的糖蛋白受体家族分子，在小梁网组织中表达多种整合素亚单位。可以和细胞外基质结合并调节基质金属蛋白酶的表达。影响小梁网内环境的稳定，改变房水外流阻力。本文就整合素与小梁网组织的关系作一综述。     

Inhibitory effects of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide on cell attachment and migration in a human lens epithelial cell line

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery is caused by growth of residual human lens epithelial (HLE) cells on the posterior capsule. We have shown that extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential factor for HLE cell attachment and migration. The purpose of this study was to examine the inhibitory effects of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide on cell attachment and migration in an HLE cell line. HLE cell line cells (SRA 01/04) that were obtained by transfection of large T antigen of SV40 were cultured in the absence of serum. The culture dishes were coated with type IV collagen, laminin or fibronectin, and Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro (GRGDSP) RGD peptide (0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 2.0 mg/ml) was added to the medium. The number of attached cells was counted after 90 min of incubation, and the inhibitory effects of GRGDSP RGD peptide on cell attachment were calculated. Cell attachment on the fibronectin-coated dishes was inhibited by GRGDSP RGD peptide at concentrations higher than 0.3 mg/ml; the inhibitory rate was 80% at a concentration of 2.0 mg/ml. The inhibition of cell attachment by GRGDSP RGD peptide on laminin-coated dishes appeared only at a concentration of 2.0 mg/ml, whereas no effects were observed on the type IV collagen-coated dishes. The inhibitory effects of GRGDSP RGD peptide on cell migration were measured in medium containing 2.0 mg/ml of GRGDSP RGD peptide after 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of culture. Cell migration was inhibited by GRGDSP RGD peptide from 1 day of culture on the fibronectin-coated dishes and from 5 days of culture on the laminin-coated dishes, whereas no effects were observed on the type IV collagen-coated dishes. GRGDSP RGD peptide inhibited cell attachment and migration on laminin and fibronectin that have RGD sequences. These data suggested that RGD peptide may have the potential to prevent PCO.     

Functional inhibition of retinal pigment epithelial cell-substrate adhesion with a monoclonal antibody against the beta 1 subunit of integrin

In the preceding report, experiments were described which identify the 2A10 antigen of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells as a beta 1 subunit of the cell-surface extracellular matrix receptor protein integrin. In this article, experiments are presented which use the 2A10 and CSAT antibodies, both directed against the beta 1 subunit, to investigate the role of integrin in RPE and fibroblast (FB) cell-substrate adhesion. When added to cultures simultaneously with cells, either the 2A10 or CSAT antibodies inhibit both FB and RPE cell adhesion and spreading on laminin (LM). However, although the 2A10 antibody blocks adhesion and spreading of FB and RPE cells on fibronectin (FN), the CSAT antibody has no effect. The inhibition of the 2A10 antibody is specific for integrin-mediated adhesion; it does not affect FB or RPE cell adhesion and spreading on tissue-culture plastic. When RPE cells are first allowed to attach to and spread on FN and LM and then the 2A10 or CSAT antibody is added to the cultures, both cause detachment and rounding of RPE cells from LM, but neither has any effect on the cells already spread on FN. These results indicate that there are differences in the way FB and RPE cells interact with LM and FN. Furthermore, these results provide the first direct functional demonstration that RPE cell-substrate adhesion is mediated by integrin.     

整合素在真菌与角膜上皮细胞黏附过程中的表达

目的 探讨不同真菌菌种与人角膜上皮细胞黏附过程中整合素的表达及其作用机制.方法 实验研究.体外培养人角膜上皮细胞系,建立茄病镰刀菌(CGMCC 3.1829)和烟曲霉菌(CGMCC 3.0772)与角膜上皮细胞黏附的体外模型.茄病镰刀菌或烟曲霉菌与人角膜上皮细胞共孵育后,用无菌的磷酸盐缓冲溶液冲洗掉未黏附的真菌.提取细胞的总RNA,反转录为cDNA后采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测不同时间点上不同真菌与角膜上皮细胞黏附的14种整合素分子mRNA水平的表达.各时间点之间基因表达差异的比较采用单因素方差分析.结果 在烟曲霉菌与人角膜上皮细胞黏附的过程中,随黏附时间延长,整合素家族白细胞黏附受体组成员编码基因整合素αL(ITGAL)、整合素α型(ITGAM)、整合素αX(ITGAX)及整合素β2(ITGB2)的表达显著上调.其中ITGAL的表达最高上调2倍(F=29.39,P<0.01),ITGAM的表达最高上调4倍(F=20.26,P<0.01),ITGAX的表达最高上调2.5倍(F=2.51,P<0.05),ITGB2的表达最高上调3.4倍(F=3.923,P<0.05).而在茄病镰刀菌与人角膜上皮细胞黏附的过程中,此14种整合素的表达未见显著差异.结论 整合素家族白细胞黏附受体组(β2组)成员αLβ2、αMβ2及αXβ2均参与烟曲霉菌与角膜上皮细胞的黏附;未见茄病镰刀菌与角膜上皮细胞的黏附过程中整合素表达的差异.整合素介导的黏附因菌种而异.