Endoscopic evaluation of the depth of invasion of the depressed type early gastric cancer and apparently early advanced cancer in cases of a peptic ulcer within the cancer lesion

Depressed-type early and apparently early advanced cancers were divided into two groups according to whether or not an associated peptic ulcer was present within the cancer lesion, and the accuracy of preoperative endoscopic diagnosis was reviewed. As a result it was found that evaluation of depth of invasion was more difficult in the ulcer [UL(+)] group than in the group without an ulcer [UL(-)]. In the UL(+) group it was difficult to identify endoscopie findings which indicate depth of invasion at the tip of the folds, the volume of cancer invasion of the deeper layers was small, and there were many cases of invasion of deeper layers in a portion of the margins of the peptic ulcers.     

Progression of a sessile serrated adenoma to an early invasive cancer within 8 months

Recent studies suggest that serrated polyps, including hyperplastic polyps, traditional serrated adenomas, and sessile serrated adenomas, may be morphologically and genetically distinct and linked to microsatellite unstable colorectal cancers, and thus the concept of a hyperplastic polyp–serrate adenoma–carcinoma pathway has been suggested. Furthermore, it has been suggested that transformation from serrated polyps to invasive cancers can be rapid and occurs when the lesions are small; however, direct evidence for this issue is scant. We herein describe a case of a sessile serrated adenoma showing rapid transformation into a submucosal invasive carcinoma with remarkable morphological change in a short period of 8 months. This case is unique and suggestive, as it provided information about the natural history of a sessile serrated adenoma.     

Clinicopathological study with regard to ulcer in the cancer lesion of the depressed type intramucosal cancer of the stomach]

We histologically investigated 207 cases with the depressed type intramucosal cancer of the stomach, as to the risk factor of ulcer formation in the cancer (Ul.), tumor size of less than and not less than 10 mm, histological type of differentiated carcinoma (Diff.) and undifferentiated carcinoma (Undiff.), tumor location classified by the usually occurring region of the peptic ulcer (Usual portion and Unusual portion) and the intramucosal propagations of extensively vertical type (EV) and nonextensively vertical type (NV). RESULT: 1) Tumor size, histological type, tumor location and intramucosal propagation type were significantly related to Ul., as the result of multivariate analysis. 2) The frequency of Ul. at the lesions of these cases, regardless of histological type, was higher at the lesion of Usual portion than at Unusual portion. And the frequency of Ul., independently of tumor location, was higher in Undiff. than in Diff.. 3) The frequency of Ul. at the lesions of Unusual portion in Undiff. was higher in EV than in NV. CONCLUSION: We suggested that extensively vertical propagation type of intramucosa, as well as large tumor size, Undiff. and at the lesion of Usual portion, was a significant risk factor for Ul. of the depressed type intramucosal cancer of the stomach. 2) We concluded that the intramucosal propagation type of the cancer was particularly concerned with Ul. at the intramucosal lesion of Unusual portion in Undiff.     

Signet ring cell early gastric cancer presenting as an elevated lesion

Early gastric cancer composed of signet ring cell carcinoma is usually present as a depressed lesion and rarely manifests as a protruding lesion. To our knowledge, only eight cases have been reported in the literature. We herein report such a rare lesion which developed in an asymptomatic 55-year-old man.     

Superficial depressed early carcinoma that developed into protuberant advanced carcinoma in the transverse colon

A screening colonoscopic examination in a 70-year-old man revealed a nonpolypoid type superficial depressed early carcinoma, about 2 cm in diameter, in the transverse colon. The lesion was not resected and was observed because of coexisting nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fifteen months later, follow-up examinations revealed a polypoid type protuberant advanced carcinoma, about 6 cm in diameter, at the same site. Because complete response of the HCC had been induced by transarterial embolization, the colon carcinoma was operatively resected. There is an indefinite concept that colorectal carcinomas develop without substantial morphological changes, and no superficial depressed carcinoma that developed into a protuberant type advanced carcinoma has been reported. The case reported here provides evidence that some polypoid carcinomas arise from superficial depressed precursors. There is some intermingling between the two postulated colorectal carcinogenic pathways, the conventional polypoid pathway named the "adenoma-carcinoma sequence", and the nonpolypoid pathway, including so-called "de-novo" carcinogenesis. Received: December 17, 1999 / Accepted: April 28, 2000     

Skip lesion of the cecum associated with proctitis: an atypical case of ulcerative colitis

The authors report the clinical case of a patient who underwent total colectomy for acute ulcerative colitis. The unusual element in this case was the presence of a lesion (‘skip lesion’), typical of ulcerative colitis, in the periappendiceal area of the cecum, which was discontinuous to the main site of disease located in the rectum and left colon. The presence of skip lesions, whose clinicopathological relevance is still unknown, would seem to disprove the widely held view that ulcerative colitis involves only the mucous membrane of the large intestine, with inflammatory processes of varying intensity, but without intervening normal areas. The alteration in mucosal immune response by sharing of some factors as bacterial flora, stasis and secretory products is a suggestive pathogenetic supposition.     

早期胃癌中凹陷型比率的临床分析

目的探索以凹陷型病灶为主的胃癌漏诊原因,统计早期胃癌中凹陷型的比率。方法 2007年1月～2010年12月的4年间,胃癌切除患者2 431例,统计经切除标本病理学证实的早期胃癌例数及凹陷型形态的早期胃癌的比率。结果 2 431例胃癌切除中,466例为早期胃癌(19.17%);其中Ⅱc型早期胃癌278例(59.66%),Ⅲ型早期胃癌83例(17.81%),复合凹陷型早期胃癌8例(1.72%),凹陷型早期胃癌总计369例,占早期胃癌总数的79.18%。结论早期胃癌的形态分型中以表浅凹陷及溃疡型居多,因而临床漏诊的几率亦增多。提高对凹陷型胃癌特别是早期胃癌病灶的识别能力至关重要。     

Amebic granuloma and its relationship to cancer of the cecum

Summary Forty cases of amebic granuloma of the cecum, taken from 1,225 cases of intestinal amebiasis, and 20 cases of adenocarcinoma of the cecum, taken from 10,000 general case histories, are reviewed. Special attention is given to the clinical picture, particularly the similarities between the symptoms of the two types of disorders. The relationship between amebic granuloma and adenocarcinoma of the cecum, and the likelihood that granuloma may be precancerous, especially in improperly treated cases, are emphasized. Treatment of all cases of granuloma must be adequate, and strict control must be exercised until the lesion has regressed completely. This is a preliminary study, made to call attention to the fact that amebic granulomas of the cecum may be precancerous. Further analysis of the topic will be made, and may clarify the issue and support our hypothesis. Read at the meeting of the American Proctologic Society, Hollywood. Florida, April 12 to 16, 1970. This paper received the Ohio Valley Proctologic Society Award.     

舒肝解郁胶囊治疗进展期胃癌并发抑郁症的临床研究

目的探讨舒肝解郁胶囊治疗进展期胃癌并发抑郁症的临床疗效。方法明确诊断的82例胃癌晚期患者在化疗基础上分为治疗组41例(给予舒肝解郁胶囊治疗)和对照组41例(给予姑息治疗),两组患者使用汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评定患者的抑郁状态及其舒肝解郁胶囊治疗抑郁的疗效。结果经6周治疗后,两组患者临床症状均获改善,且总有效率比较有显著性差异(P0.05),治疗组抑郁症疗效明显优于对照组(χ2=7.68,P0.01),两组治疗前后HAMD评分比较有显著性差异(P0.01)。结论舒肝解郁胶囊治疗进展期胃癌并发抑郁症,临床疗效较好。     

内镜窄带成像技术对早期食管癌及癌前病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨内镜窄带成像技术(NBI)诊断早期食管癌及癌前病变的价值.方法 90例经内镜检查病理诊断的早期食管癌及癌前病变患者,共138个病变,分别在普通模式和NBI模式下观察食管黏膜.用普通放大及NBI放大观察病变的腺管开口形态及毛细血管结构形态,然后应用1.2%碘液行全食管染色,对所有NBI阳性及碘染色阳性部位均取活检,所有病变均以病理结果作为诊断标准,再将病变NBI分级、碘染色分级分别与病理诊断结果对比.结果 普通模式下发现病变104个(75.4%),NBI模式下发现病变120个(87.0%),碘染色发现病变138个(100.0%).NBI模式对病变的检出率高于普通模式(P＜0.05),而低于碘染色(P＜0.01),但NBI模式对高级别黏膜内瘤变的检出率与碘染色无明显差别(P＞0.05),主要差别在于NBI模式对低级别黏膜内瘤变的检出率低于碘染色(P＜0.01).结论 NBI可清晰显示早期食管癌、癌前病变的腺管开口及毛细血管结构形态,明显优于普通内镜,NBl技术与碘染色技术的有机结合可在更大程度上提高早期食管癌、癌前病变的诊断率.     

An unusual vulval lesion in an HIV-infected woman

This is the case of a black African woman who presented with three distinct episodes of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection unresponsive to first-line therapy. Clinical and virological resistance to aciclovir therapy was demonstrated, and although the first two episodes manifested as the deep ulceration often associated with HIV/HSV coinfection, the third was an atypical hypertrophic lesion. This is despite her CD4 count being persistently above 300 and there being no previous diagnosis of AIDS.