急性下壁心肌梗死心前导联ST段压低的临床意义

正确地判断下壁急性心肌梗死的梗死相关动脉 (ｉｎｆａｒｃｔｒｅｌａｔｅｄａｒｔｅｒｙ ,ＩＲＡ )和动脉阻塞部位 ,有利于选择积极的治疗策略。随着冠状动脉造影术的广泛开展 ,使了解心肌梗死心电图改变和冠状动脉病变之间的关系成为可能。我们通过对 1998～ 2 0 0 0年住院的 36例急性下壁心肌梗死早期心电图和冠脉造影资料进行分析 ,探讨急性下壁心肌梗死心前导联ＳＴ段压低的临床意义。1　资料与方法1.1　一般资料　 36例首次急性下壁心肌梗死患者 ,男 2 6例 ,女 10例 ,年龄 38～ 78岁 ,平均年龄 ( 5 4± 8)岁。所有病例均符合ＷＨＯ急…     

急性下壁心肌梗死胸前导联ST段下移对近期预后影响的分析

急性下壁心肌梗死(AIMI)时ECG检查常表现有胸前导联的ST段下移。笔者通过对1995～2002年间我院收治的54例,AIMI患者中合并胸前导联ST段下移进行了临床分析，比较AIMI合并胸前导联ST段下移对心衰、心源性休克发生率、死亡率以及合并后壁心肌梗死，心肌的影响，探讨胸前导联段ST下移对AIMI近期预后的影响，为进一步做好临床治疗提供依据。     

冠脉造影分析急性下壁心肌梗死前侧壁导联ST段压低

目的　应用冠状动脉造影 ,分析急性下壁心肌梗死患者心电图前壁或侧壁导联上ST段压低的临床义意。方法　 31例患者发病后第 1天标准 12导联心电图记录 ,前壁导联范围为V1 ～V4 ,侧壁导联范围为I、AVL、V5、V6 。患者均进行冠脉造影 ,2 5例 (80 % )自发病后 1个月内接受检查 ,6例于发病后2个月内接受冠脉造影 ,冠脉狭窄≥ 5 0 %被视为异常。结果　冠脉双支或双支以上病变者 ,特别是左旋支存在病变者 ,易发生侧壁导联ST段压低 ,P <0 0 5。前壁导联ST段低压者中 ,也以双支或双支以上病变为多。结论急性下壁心肌梗死时 ,出现前侧壁导联的ST段压低 ,为心肌缺血扩展的标志     

急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低的临床意义

急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导 ST段压低是临床常见现象。传统观点认为属心电图镜象改变 ,近来有人指出是心肌梗死区远距离缺血的结果 ,意义至今存有争议。现就此综述如下。1　下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联 ST段压低的发生率Tendera等 [1 ] 报告 2 4例急性下壁心肌梗死 ,在发病 4小时内有 15例出现胸导段压低 ,发生率 62 % ,6小时后却仅有2 1%。 Birnbaum等 [2 ] 报道下壁心肌梗死中 64.4 %伴胸导 ST段压低。 Boden等 [3] 报道的 5 7例急性下壁心肌梗死中 2 1例出现胸导 ST段压低 ,发生率 3 7%。而多数作者 [4～ 1 3]统计结果在 5 0 %～ 60 % ,即…     

老年急性下壁心肌梗死伴心前导联ST段压低的临床探讨

目的探讨急性下壁心肌梗死 (AIMI)时前壁导联ST段压低的临床意义。方法回顾性分析 6 8例首发AIMI患者的心电图和冠状动脉造影资料。结果AIMI伴前壁导联ST段压低组 (B组 )的血清肌酸激酶峰值为 ( 2 6 1.17± 4 2 .58)U L高于AIMI不伴前壁导联ST段压低组 (A组 ) ( 183.2 6± 4 1.37)U L(P <0 .0 5) ,左室射血分数B组 ( 49± 8) %低于A组 ( 58± 7) % ,(P <0 .0 5)。两组病变血管多涉及右侧冠状动脉 (RCA)。结论AIMI伴前壁导联ST段压低提示和多支血管病变有关 ,其梗死面积较大 ,射血分数较低     

急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段压低的心电图分析

目的:观察急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段压低患者心电图改变,以探讨伴胸导联ST段压低出现的时间、持续时间与心肌梗死部位、房室传导阻滞以及严重心律失常的关系。方法:对66例急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段压低患者,按胸导联ST段压低持续的时间分组,≥24h者为Ⅰ组42例,<24h者为Ⅱ组24例。观察统计两组患者合并出现其它部位梗死、房室传导阻滞、严重心律失常的发生率,进行对照分析。结果:①Ⅰ组并发其它部位梗死30例,Ⅱ组为5例,两组比较差异显著(P<0.01)。②Ⅰ组出现房室传导阻滞17例,Ⅱ组出现3例,两组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。③Ⅰ组出现严重室性心律失常19例,Ⅱ组3例,两组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段压低持续时间≥24h,并发其它部位梗死多,梗死面积大,房室传导阻滞以及严重室性心律失常发生率高,可视为病变广泛的一项指标。     

急性下壁心肌梗死有无胸前导联ST段改变对愈后的影响

急性透壁性心肌梗死的心电图改变是在反映心肌坏死区的导联上出现宽而深的Q波,随梗死面积扩大,并发症的发生率及病死率也增加。但在相当部分急性心肌梗死者中,除上述典型心电图改变外,还存在远离急性心肌梗死区ST段改变。其中急性下壁心肌梗死时胸前ST段改变是常见的现象,我们旨在研究有无ST段改变对预后的影响。     

急性下壁心肌梗死胸前导联ST段压低的临床意义

分析2001年1月-2004年3月本院68例急性下壁心肌梗死(AIMI)住院患者的临床资料,探讨胸前导联ST段压低与冠状动脉(冠脉)病变的关系及临床意义.     

急性下壁心肌梗死胸前导联ST段压低的临床意义

目的分析急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低的临床意义。方法选择84例急性下壁心肌梗死患者常规心电图及24h动态心电图进行对照分析。结果急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低多于不伴胸前导联ST段压低（P〈0．01）;下壁伴正后壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低多于不伴胸前导联ST段压低（P〈0．01）;下壁伴右心室心肌梗死与胸前导联ST段压低无明显关联（P〈0．01）;急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低者严重室性心律失常与房室传导阻滞的发生率较不伴胸前导联ST段压低者高（P〈0．01）。结论急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低往往提示梗死范围大或同时存在心肌缺血、冠脉病变广泛、心功能损害较严重,并且严重室性心律失常与房室传导阻滞的发生率明显增高,心肌酶峰值明显增高临床预后较差。     

急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段异常的临床意义

近年来，对急性下壁心肌梗死(以下简称LAMI)患者出现胸导ST段异常这一现象引起普遍重视，并非传统心电图导联“镜像”变化的观点，具有不同的临床意义。收集我院1980年3月～2003年12月收治的急性下壁心肌梗死患者胸导ST段变化进行临床分析。     

ST segment depression in acute anterior myocardial infarction

We initiated a retrospective study to determine whether ST segment depression seen in inferior leads (II, III, and aVF) during acute anterior myocardial infarction (MI) is a reciprocal change or an independent sign of ischemia of additional myocardium. We selected 20 patients with anterior MI and attempted to compare findings of subsequent cardiac catheterization and the clinical course of 14 patients with ST segment depression (group A) and six without ST segment depression (group B). Patients in group A had a higher prevalence of right coronary artery disease (13 vs 0, P less than .01), multivessel disease (14 vs two, P less than .01), inferior wall motion abnormalities (seven vs 0, P less than .01), and ejection fraction of less than .50 (ten vs two, P greater than .05) than those in group B. A greater number of patients in group A had serious in-hospital and follow-up complications (12 vs two, P less than .05). We conclude that ST depression in leads II, III and aVF during acute anterior MI is not "reciprocal change" but a high-risk indicator.     

急性下壁心肌梗塞时心前导联心电图ST段压低的临床意义

为评价急性下壁心肌梗塞(AIMI)时心前导联ST段压低的意义,对43例心电图示透壁急性心肌梗塞患者进行了研究。其中,31例有心前导联ST段压低(甲组),12例无心前导联ST段压低(乙组),两组临床表现无差异。研究结果表明,甲组患者血清酶平均峰值显著升高且左室衰竭的发生率升高;甲组室性心律紊乱、心肌再梗塞、心源性休克和房室传导阻滞的发生率亦显著高于乙组(P>0.01～0.05)。本研究资料提示,AIMI时心前导联ST段压低可能与广泛性心肌缺血和危重并发症的发生率高有关,从而认为,可将之用来预测AIMI的临床严重程度,治疗效果和预后。     

急性下壁心肌梗死胸前导联ST段改变的临床意义

目的分析急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低的临床意义。方法选择38例急性下壁心肌梗死患者常规心电图及24h动态心电图进行对照分析。结果急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低多于不伴胸前导联ST段压低(P<0.01);下壁伴正后壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低多于不伴胸前导联ST段压低(P<0.01);下壁伴右心室心肌梗死与胸前导联ST段压低无明显关联(P<0.01);急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低者严重室性心律失常与房室传导阻滞的发生率较不伴胸前导联ST段压低者高(P<0.01)。结论急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低往往提示梗死范围大或同时存在心肌缺血、冠脉病变广泛、心功能损害较严重,并且严重室性心律失常与房室传导阻滞的发生率明显增高,心肌酶峰值明显增高临床预后较差。     

急性下壁心肌梗死伴aVR导联ST段压低的临床意义

目的探讨急性下壁心肌梗死伴aVR导联ST段压低的临床意义。方法对140例确诊急性下壁心肌梗死患者,依其心电图aVR导联ST段压低与否分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ两组,比较两组间的心肌型肌酸激酮同功酶(CK-MB)峰值,超声心动图,Holter,冠状动脉造影及各种临床并发症等结果。结果Ⅰ组患者与Ⅱ组患者比较,CK-MB峰值更高(160.21±93.42)U/L vs(124.68±62.95)U/L(P<0.01),左室射血分数减低更明显(54.78±9.22)%vs(59.50±7.14)%(P<0.05),并发症也更为多见。冠状动脉造影显示,在右冠状动脉阻塞的基础上更易合并左前降支或多支病变,各种临床并发症亦明显增高。结论急性下壁心肌梗死伴aVR导联ST段压低者梗死面积大,预后不良。     

The diagnostic significance of reciprocal ST segment depression in acute myocardial infarction

The relationship between reciprocal ST-segment depression, the result of an early submaximal exercise ECG, and the anatomy of coronary artery disease was explored in 142 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Reciprocal ST-segment depression was observed in 65 per cent of 79 patients with inferior infarction and 57 per cent of 63 with anterior infarction. Thirty-three of the 52 patients with reciprocal ST-segment depression had a significant stenosis of the coronary artery supplying the reciprocal ST-segment territory (63 per cent), and 31 of the 46 patients with a positive exercise test had a significant stenosis of the coronary artery supplying the ischaemic territory (67 per cent). Forty-one of the patients with reciprocal ST-segment depression (79 per cent) and 35 of the patients with positive exercise tests (76 per cent) were found to have multivessel coronary artery disease. The study showed that reciprocal ST-segment depression was associated with stenosis of the coronary artery supplying the territory opposite the infarct in nearly two-thirds of the patients and with multivessel coronary artery disease in almost four-fifths of them. Reciprocal ST-segment depression after infarction was as accurate as a positive submaximal exercise test at predicting the presence of multivessel coronary artery disease.     

Reciprocal ST segment depression: impact on the electrocardiographic diagnosis of ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of many causes of electrocardiographic ST segment elevation (STE) in ED chest pain (CP) patients; at times, the electrocardiographic diagnosis may be difficult. Coexistent ST segment depression has been reported to assist in the differentiation of non-infarction causes of STE from AMI-related ST segment elevation. The objective was to determine the effect of AMI diagnosis on the presence of STD among ED CP patients with electrocardiographic STE. Adult CP patients with electrocardiographic STE in at least 2 anatomically distributed leads were reviewed for the presence or absence of ST segment depression in at least 1 lead and separated into 2 groups, both with and without ST segment depression. A comparison of the 2 groups was performed in 2 approaches: all STE patients and then only with STE patients who lacked confounding electrocardiographic pattern (bundle branch block [BBB], left ventricular hypertrophy [LVH], or right ventricular paced rhythm [VPR]). All patients in the study underwent prolonged observation in the ED (at least 8 hours) with 3 serial troponin T determinations and 3 electrocardiograms (ECG). AMI was diagnosed by abnormal serum troponin T values (>0.1 mg/dL); electrocardiographic STE diagnoses of non-AMI causes were determined by medical record review. There were 171 CP patients with STE were entered in the study with 112 (65.5%) individuals show ST segment depression. When considering all study patients, ST segment depression was present at statistically equal rates in AMI and non-AMI situations (P = NS). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the electrocardiographic diagnosis of AMI were 63%, 34%, 30%, and 67%, respectively. Patients with confounding patterns (LVH 46, BBB 19, and VPR 6) were removed from the analysis group, leaving 100 patients for analysis; 38 of these patients had ST segment depression. When considering this group of study patients, ST segment depression was present significantly more often in AMI patients (P <.0001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the electrocardiographic diagnosis of AMI were 69%, 93%, 93%, and 71%, respectively. Clinical diagnoses were as follows: 56 AMI, 50 USAP, and 65 noncoronary syndrome. When all CP patients with electrocardiographic STE are considered, the presence of ST segment depression is not helpful in distinguishing AMI from non-AMI. If one considers only patterns which lack electrocardiographic ST segment depression caused by altered intraventricular conduction, the presence of ST segment depression strongly suggests the diagnosis of AMI. In these cases, reciprocal ST segment depression is of considerable value in establishing the electrocardiographic diagnosis of STE AMI.     

急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段改变的心电图分析

目的 分析急性下壁心肌梗死(AIMI)患者伴胸导联ST段压低与合并其他部位梗死、QT离散度(QTd)值、房室传导阻滞以及严重室性心律失常发生率的关系.方法 对74例AIMI伴胸导联ST段压低患者按胸导联ST段压低持续的时间分组,≥24h组44例,＜24 h组30例.统计2组患者合并出现其他部位梗死、QTd值、房室传导阻滞、严重心律失常的发生率,并进行对照分析.结果 (1)胸导联ST段压低持续≥24 h组并发其他部位梗死33例(75%),＜24h组为7例(23%),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.7,P＜0.01).(2)2组QTd值分别为(74.77±23.28)ms和(50.00±11.45)ms,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=5.39,P＜0.01).(3)胸导联ST段压低持续≥24 h组出现房室传导阻滞(Ⅱ、Ⅲ度)20例(45%),＜24 h组出现5例(17%),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.43,P＜0.05).(4)胸导联ST段压低持续≥24 h组出现严重室性心律失常21例(48%),＜24 h组4例(13%),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.61,P＜0.01).结论 AIMI伴胸导联ST段压低持续时间＞24 h,提示心肌梗死范围广泛,QT离散度增加,房室传导阻滞以及严重室性心律失常发生率明显增高.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the association between chest ST segment descent in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction (AIMI) and myocardial infarction in other area, QT dispersion, severe auriculoventricular block (AVB) serious ventricular arrhythmia. Methods According to persistent time of chest lead ST segment descent,74 patients of acute inferior myocardial infarction with chest lead ST segment descent were divided into 2 groups: ≥24 h (group Ⅰ ,44 cases), ＜ 24 h (group Ⅱ ,30 cases). The occurrence of other areas of myocardial infarction, QTd, auricular-ventricular block and serious ventricular arrhythmia were compared between the two groups. Results Chest ST segment descent occurred in 33 cases in group Ⅰ (75%) ,in 7 cases in group Ⅱ ( 23% ), with significantly difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 19. 17, P ＜ 0. 01 ). QTd was (74. 77 ± 23.28) ms in group Ⅰ which was significantly higher than that of (50. 00 ± 11:45 ) ms in group Ⅱ ( t =5.39,P ＜0. 01 ). Auricular-ventricular block (grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ ) occurred in 20 cases in group Ⅰ (45%),and in 5 cases in group Ⅱ ( 17% ), with significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 9.43, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Twentyone cases with serious ventricular arrhythmia occurred in group Ⅰ (48%) ,which was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (4 cases, 13% ) ( χ2 = 6. 61, P ＜ 0. 01 ) . Conclusion When persistent time of acute inferior myocardial infarction with chest lead ST segment descent is longer than 24 hrs, the area of myocardial infarction is more extensive, QT dispersion increases, the occurrence of serious ventricular arrhythmia and auricularventricular block also significantly increase.     

心电图Ⅲ导联ST段偏移在急性前壁心肌梗死中的意义

目的　旨在明确常规体表心电图ST段偏移对急性前壁心肌梗死患者左冠状动脉前降支 (LAD)堵塞部位的预测价值。方法　根据病损部位在LAD第一对角支或第一间隔支的近端抑或远端 ,87例急性前壁心肌梗死患者被分为近端组和远端组 ,并比较两组患者的心电图改变。结果　①近端组Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高≥ 1mm的发生率高于远端组患者 (I:5 0 %vs 35 % ,aVL :6 1%vs4 2 % ,P <0 0 1) ;②近端组患者下壁导联Ⅱ、Ⅲ和aVF的ST段压低≥ 1mm的发生率明显高于远端组患者(Ⅱ :79%vs 2 9% ,Ⅲ :86 %vs 19% ,aVF :75 %vs 4 5 % ,P <0 0 1) ;③作为LAD近端病损的预测指标 ,Ⅲ导联ST段压低≥ 1mm的敏感性和特异性高于aVL导联ST段抬高≥ 1mm的敏感性和特异性 (86 %vs 6 1% ,81%vs 5 8% ,P <0 0 1)。结论　常规体表心电图Ⅲ导联ST段明显压低是判断前壁心肌梗死患者LAD近端堵塞的良好指标     

非急性心肌梗死性ST段抬高

因冠状动脉急性闭塞导致的急性心肌梗死常出现ST段抬高,大量循证医学证明再灌注时间是决定这类患者预后的重要因素,目前指南要求接触患者的医务人员需在十分钟之内决定是否需要进行再灌注治疗,主要依据胸痛的临床表现和心电图出现ST段抬高作出判断。