微小角度斜视与弱视、屈光参差相关性研究

目的通过对微小度斜视患者的临床治疗效果的观察,分析其与弱视、屈光参差的相关性。方法对2004年1月至2006年年1月,在本院门诊就诊的屈光参差性弱视患儿和斜视术后视力下降的患儿,采用4。底向外试验和Bagolini线状镜检查,确诊为微小角斜视后采用传统遮盖、红光闪烁、Corn后像仪等综合治疗。结果屈光参差性弱视52例,其中治愈19例（36．5％）,进步22例（42．3％）,无效11例（21．I％）;斜视术后微小角斜视22例（内斜视术后18例,外斜视术后4例）,其中,治愈11例（50．O％）,进步9例（40．9％）,无效2例（9．1％）,总有效率84．8％。结论屈光参差、斜视术后欠矫、过矫是引起微小度斜视性弱视的常见原因。针对病因采取综合治疗是有效的。远视性屈光参差和内斜视术后微小度斜视性者效果最佳。     

屈光参差及其与弱视程度的关系探讨

目的　探讨双眼屈光参差程度与弱视程度的关系。方法　对 1 0 4例远视性屈光参差与 1 3例近视性屈光参差性弱视作屈光参差及双眼视力差的统计学分析。结果　远视性屈光参差组中 ,屈光参差程度与视力差关系密切 ,屈光参差程度越大 ,视力差越大。而在近视性屈光参差组中 ,二者未发现有显著性差异。结论　远视性屈光参差与双眼视力差明显相关。近视性屈光参差例数少 ,尚需积累资料进一步研究     

微小度数斜视性弱视的临床疗效分析

目的:探讨微小度数斜视性弱视临床治疗的可行性。方法:对37例微小度数斜视性弱视的患者经1～3a的治疗观察,按弱视的程度、不同年龄组及不同注视性质与疗效的关系进行回顾性研究,经统计学分析各因素对疗效的影响。结果:治疗总有效率是76%,治愈率是22%,31%的患儿恢复了立体视,治疗的有效率与弱视的程度,不同年龄组无相关性,与不同的注视性质有关(P<0.05)。结论:不同程度及不同年龄的微小度数斜视性弱视是有治疗的可行性,但要提高治愈率还需要更深的理论及临床研究,探索更有效的治疗方案。     

屈光参差性弱视的研究

双眼在一条或两条子午线上的屈光力存在差异时,称为屈光参差。屈光参差是导致儿童弱视的常见原因之一,且其发病率呈现随年龄逐渐上升的趋势。屈光参差的形成原因很多,不单是眼轴长度差异所致。屈光参差达到一定程度时造成融合困难,立体视下降,形成弱视。屈光参差性弱视的发病机制复杂,近年来通过磁共振来探讨其神经机制已取得一定成果。目前矫正屈光参差方法包括:框架眼镜、遮盖与药物治疗、硬性透氧性角膜接触镜(RGP)、屈光手术等,框架眼镜结合遮盖与药物治疗是最传统的治疗方法,但框架眼镜无法避免光学欠缺,RGP则克服了这一困难,而屈光手术直接作用于角膜,避免了光学像差,较框架眼镜和RGP更能改善立体视。     

大龄儿童屈光参差性弱视的治疗

目的观察大龄儿童屈光参差性弱视的治疗效果。方法对13例12～15岁的屈光参差性弱视儿童进行常规综合弱视治疗。结果13例患者9例治愈或基本治愈，4例进步。同时，所有患者双眼单视功能均有提高。结论年龄大于12岁的屈光参差性弱视儿童经过积极治疗仍可取得较好的临床效果。     

儿童屈光参差性弱视复发原因探讨

目的探讨屈光参差性弱视远期疗效的相关影响因素．．方法随访观察了123例217眼屈光参差性弱视，基本治愈后3a以上的病例，经再次扩瞳验光后证实矫正视力低于0.8以下。结果本组屈光参差性弱视的复发因其类型和程度不同存在着明显的差异，总复发率为25．2％，其中近视性屈光参差性弱视的复发率最高，依次为单眼性屈光参差性弱视，远视性屈光参差性弱视，和双眼性屈光参差性弱视。结论屈光参差性弱视治愈后的巩固是预防复发的根本。对弱视中易复发的病例应进行重点观察，早期发现、了解视力下降的原因，及时治疗是非常重要的。     

屈光性弱视与屈光参差性弱视对比敏感度变化的比较

目的：观察屈光不正性弱视与屈光参差性弱视的对比敏感度改变的差异性。方法：对30例（56只眼）屈光不正性和26例（26只眼）屈光参差性弱视的视觉对比敏感度（CS）进行测定。结果：在明视状态下中、重屈光参差性弱视在中频（6c/d)区CS下降幅度大于屈光不正性弱视（P＜0.05);夜视条件下,两弱视组所有空间频率的CS均无显著性差异。结论：中、重度的屈光参差性弱视的视觉质量比屈光不正性弱视低下。     

屈光参差在弱视形成中的作用探讨

目的探讨屈光参差在弱视形成中的作用。方法对远视性屈光参差、近视性屈光参差、对称性远视、对称性近视四组１３１１例患者的矫正视力在同等屈光度条件下进行对比分析。结果同等屈光度时远视性屈光参差屈光度高侧眼矫正视力明显低于屈光度低侧眼和对称性远视；近视性屈光参差高侧眼、低侧眼、对称性近视三者矫正视力无显著性差异；３５Ｄ以上对称性远视矫正视力明显低于对称性近视。结论远视性屈光参差在弱视形成中作用十分明显，除远视对视功能的损害外，屈光参差的存在更加重了视功能的损害。较低程度近视性屈光参差不导致弱视。对称性远视对视功能的损害明显强于对称性近视。     

影响儿童屈光参差性弱视疗效的相关因素分析

目的 探讨影响儿童屈光参差性弱视疗效的相关因素.方法 113例3～10岁屈光参差性弱视儿童给予综合疗法治疗,观察其治疗效果,并对年龄、治疗依从性、弱视程度、屈光参差程度及类型等影响疗效的相关因素进行分析.结果 治愈77只眼(68.1%).进步24只眼(21.2%),无效12只眼(10.6%).其中不同治疗依从性、弱视程度及屈光参差程度各组间的疗效差异有统计学意义,而不同年龄及屈光参差类型各组间的疗效差异无统计学意义.结论 儿童屈光参差性弱视的治疗效果较好,其疗效与治疗的依从性、弱视的程度、屈光参差的程度密切相关,而与患儿的年龄、屈光参差的类型无明显的相关性.     

学龄前儿童屈光参差性弱视眼的屈光结构分析

对８２例学龄前儿童单纯性屈光参差性弱视眼进行了屈光结构测定和分析。结果表明，正视、近视、远视三种不同屈光状态的角膜曲率半径差异无显著性。两眼轴长度差和晶体厚度差随屈光参差程度而增大（远视：ｒ值分别为０．９３６、０．８９５。近视：ｒ值分别为０．９９３、０．８７２，Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示眼轴长度和晶体厚度共同参与了屈光参差的形成，其中眼轴长度起主导作用，晶体屈光度在匹配和协调中为重要成分。眼轴和晶体的发育不等以及比例失调是形成儿童屈光参差性弱视的解剖基础。     

Differential diagnosis of primary microtropia and annisometropic amblyopia using the biprisms test

The bi-prismatic test studies the reflex of prismatic version, induced by a bi-prism (the instrument consists of two opposed prism of 6 DP). By means of this instrument, it is possible facing the study of the motorial replies in different forms of strabismus, amblyopia, and ocular palsies. After the test explanation, we present the results obtained in a case-report numbering 405 patients: 165 normal, 94 microtropias, 67 esotropias (ET), 50 anisometropic amblyopias, 29 es-anisometropic amblyopias.     

Evaluation of relationship of ocular parameters and depth of anisometropic amblyopia with the degree of anisometropia

PURPOSE: (1) To find out the relationship of the depth of amblyopia with the degree of anisometropia, in untreated cases of anisometropic amblyopia without strabismus, for both myopic and hypermetropic individuals. (2) To find out the relationship between various ocular parameters, such as axial length and corneal curvature, with the degree of anisometropia between the two eyes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was conducted between January 2001 and March 2003, in 85 cases of untreated anisometropic amblyopia, who attended the author's out patient department. All these patients were subjected to a meticulous ocular examination, with special emphasis on (1) refraction under cycloplegia (2) best corrected visual acuity (3) measurement of axial length by A Scan (4) keratometry . The depth of amblyopia was calculated in two ways: (1) By finding out decimal visual acuity for each eye and subsequently calculating their difference. (2) By converting the Snellen acuity into Log MAR units, which was calculated by finding the Logarithm of the reciprocal of the decimal visual acuity for the two eyes, followed by calculating the difference between the two. The difference in refraction between the two eyes as a measure of anisometropia, was determined by the difference in spherical equivalent between the refraction for each eye. RESULTS: On comparing hypermetropic and myopic cases, a significant correlation was found between depth of amblyopia and the degree of anisometropia, in both myopic and hypermetropic patients. The correlation coefficients were however, found to be greater for hypermetropic than myopic individuals. It was observed that the difference between the axial length of the two eyes contributed to a major part of anisometropia, more so in myopic cases. CONCLUSIONS: The depth of amblyopia correlates with the degree of anisometropia in previously untreated anisometropic amblyopia patients.     

Unilateral amblyopia without strabismus and with anisometropia

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To evaluate a group of patients with unilateral isometropic amblyopia according to presence of possible amblyogenic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 37 patients (18 girls and 19 boys) with unilateral amblyopia without strabismus and with anisometropia of less than 1 D in any of the meridians were analysed according to such possible risk factors of amblyopia as age of examination, age of mother on delivery, sex, family history, puerperal complications, birth weight, refraction error, left or right eye. Depth of amblyopia, state of binocular vision and results of optical and pleoptical treatment were also evaluated. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: No significant risks were found regarding the age of patient, sex, left or right eye, birth weight, age of mother on delivery, puerperal complications and family history. Refraction error was not high. Depth of amblyopia did not correlate with amount of refraction error. Central fixation was present only in 50% and stereopsis only in 42% of patients. 10 patients revealed no significant defect of fixation or binocular vision. All patients responded significantly poorly to treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of amblyopia in patients with isometropia cannot be explained by genetic or puerperal risk factors. It might have developed in the period sensitive for amblyopia as a result of anisometropia that was later diminished by the process of emmetropisation or microstrabismus which was spontaneously cured. Some cases can be described as idiopathic because no defect can be detected. Early in life screening is necessary to successfully diagnose and treat amblyopia in childhood.     

综合治疗大龄儿童及青少年屈光参差性重度弱视疗效分析

目的:观察大龄儿童及青少年屈光参差性重度弱视综合性治疗的疗效。方法:将56例56眼9~19岁的屈光参差性重度弱视患者分成两组,两组患者均充分散瞳验光,观察组(A组)配戴高透氧性硬性角膜接触镜(rigid gas permeable contact lens,RGPCL),对照组(B组)给予足矫框架眼镜,两组均进行遮盖、增视治疗、脱抑制治疗,在弱视眼矫正视力>4.7时,除继续遮盖、增视治疗、脱抑制治疗外,增加双眼视觉及立体视觉训练,随访观察24mo。结果:弱视治疗18mo后,两组的总有效率均为100%。比较两组的弱视治疗24mo时临床治愈率、脱抑制率、立体视≤100"患者所占百分比。A组临床治愈率为33%,B组为8%,A组的临床治愈率高于B组,两组疗效差异有显著性(χ2=4.02,P<0.05)。A组的脱抑制率为37%,而B组的脱抑制率为4%,两组疗效差异有显著性(χ2=14.43,P<0.05)。A组立体视≤100"患者占30%,B组占4%,两组疗效差异有显著性(χ2=4.83,P<0.05)。A组全部患者均能满意接受配戴RGPCL,所有患者均未出现角膜上皮损伤、感染、结膜明显充血、分泌物增多及眼部磨痛、痒、异物感等不适。在配戴过程中未出现镜片护理方面问题。结论:对大龄儿童及青少年屈光参差性重度弱视应采取积极弱视治疗,两组的有效率达到了100%。配戴RGPCL组24mo脱抑制率、临床治愈率、立体视优于戴框架眼镜组。对于屈光参差性弱视,应建议患者戴RGPCL以提高临床治愈率,最大可能地恢复立体视。     

屈光参差性弱视儿童视网膜光学相干断层成像研究

目的：应用视网膜光学相干断层成像方法（OCT）研究屈光参差性弱视儿童视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）和黄斑中心凹厚度,探讨弱视的发病机制。方法对屈光参差性单眼弱视儿童38例进行OCT检查,据弱视眼屈光状态分为远视散光弱视组18例,单纯远视弱视组20例,对侧健眼为正常对照组。分析比较三组视盘周围RNFL厚度和黄斑中心凹厚度的差异。结果远视散光弱视组、单纯远视弱视组和正常对照组视盘周围RNFL厚度分别为115.77±13.42μm、111.34±10.30μm 和103.05±11.10μm,黄斑中心凹厚度分别为198.86±28.30μm、191.98±27.81μm,181.18±29.06μm。两弱视组分别与正常对照组、两弱视组组间比较视盘周围RNFL厚度及黄斑中心凹厚度,差异均有统计学意义,P＜0.05。结论屈光参差性弱视其弱视眼视盘周围RNFL厚度及黄斑中心凹厚度较对侧正常眼增厚,且远视散光弱视眼厚于单纯远视弱视眼。     

屈光参差性弱视与斜视性弱视临床疗效的比较

目的:分析比较屈光参差性与斜视性弱视的治疗效果。方法:前瞻性研究。2018-07/2020-01在我院门诊确诊的并首次接受治疗的单眼弱视患者46例,平均年龄9±3岁,其中男26例,女20例,按照临床诊断分为斜视性弱视组(无屈光不正),共23例,平均年龄9±3岁,其中男12例,女11例。以及屈光参差性弱视组,共23例,平均年龄9±3岁,其中男14例,女9例。对两组患者采用遮盖及精细训练治疗弱视,于治疗前及治疗后采用国际标准视力表检测视力、用Titmus图谱行立体视锐度的检测。比较两组患者经弱视治疗前后最佳矫正视力及立体视恢复的差异。结果:治疗前两组患者弱视眼的最佳矫正视力无差异(t=-0.475,P>0.05),但斜视性弱视患者的立体视功能明显低于屈光参差性弱视患者(t=-3.919,P<0.001);通过2mo的治疗,两组患者最佳矫正视力提高值有明显差异(t=-2.946,P<0.01),而两组患者立体视提高值无差异(t=1.305,P>0.05);通过6mo的治疗,两组患者最佳矫正视力提高差值有明显差异(t=-2.353,P<0.05),两组患者立体视提...