Microsurgical resection of craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle via an improved transventricular approach

Background Craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle is difficult to treat and its therapeutic regimens and operative approaches have been controversial. This study was undertaken to probe indications for microsurgical resection of craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle via an improved transventricular approach, its surgical procedures and therapeutic effects, and prevention of postoperative complications. Methods Fifty-one patients with craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle were treated from January 2000 to October 2004 by an improved transventricular approach for removing the tumor viathe interventricular foramen, the intermedius of the septum pellucidum or choroid fissure. Symptoms and signs of the patients, and results of imaging, operation, and follow-up were analyzed. Results Of the 51 patients who had received the improved transventricular resection, 4 underwent a combined approach with an entrance of the pterion. Forty patients (78.43%) underwent total resection and others subtotal resection, without an operative death. Epileptic seizures were found in 3 patients (5.88%) and subdural effusion in the operative field in 4 (7.84%). All patients showed good general conditions after operation, and follow-up for an average of 27.52 months showed relapse of the tumour in 8 patients (15.69%). Conclusions Microsurgical resection of craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle by an improved transventricular approach has advantages of operative safety and efficacy, lower mortality and disability, and less complications.     

RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION OF IDIOPATHIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA

This paper presents our experieaee with radioreqencey ablation (RFA) for idiopathic ventricular tschycardia (VT) arising from right ventricle in 12 patients(pts). The age range d patients was 21～50, with a mean of 38. 5 years. Ten out of 12 were females, 1 patient had eandia failure due to almost incessant VT while the rest had normal left ventricular function.Twelve pts had VT arising from the fight ventricle; of those, 9 were from the outflow truct, 2 from the RV apex, and l from the RV inflow. In all tats the diagnostic study and therapeutic RFA were combined in a single procedure, pacemapping and local aetlvition time were used to guide the site of RFA in Ors with VT arising froth the tight ventricle.RFA was successful in 11 of the 12 pts ( 91%). Ntmaher of RF applications were 1～27, mean 9. 6; fluoroscopy time were 4～75, mean 26. 9 minutes. RFA for idiopathic RV has a high success rate. This mode of treament should be considered as a nonphartaaeologieal curative treatment for symptomatic pts.     

Preliminary Investigation on the Role of Vitrification in Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis

Objective To investigate the feasibility of vitrification of blastocysts following blastomere biopsy. Methods Among patients undergoing pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), artificial shrinkage of the blastocoelic cavity and subsequent vitrification of applicable surplus blastocysts after day-3 blastomere biopsy were performed. According to patient requirements, thawed blastocysts were transferred into patients due to pregnancy failure after fresh embryo transfer, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian hyperstimulation. Results Twenty-four PGD cycles were carried out. According to genetic diagnosis and the development of blastocysts, transfer was cancelled in 7 cycles due to absence of applicable embryos or ovarian hyperstimulation. In the remaining 17 cycles, 26 blastocysts were thawed and transferred, which resulted in 13 implanted (50.0%). Clinical pregnancies were observed in 11 patients (64.71%). Following transfer, 30 applicable blastocysts in 10 cycles were cryopreserved. Six patients received transfer of thawed blastocysts. All 8 thawed embryos survived and were transferred, and singleton pregnancies occurred in 5 patients. Two women delivered healthy infants and 3 pregnancies are ongoing. Conclusion Vitrification with artificial shrinkage is effective for preserving blastocysts following blastomere biopsy.     

Application of serum protein fingerprinting coupled with artificial neural network model in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma tends to present at a late clinical stage with poor prognosis. Therefore, it is urgent to explore and develop a simple, rapid diagnostic method, which has high sensitivity and specificity for hepatocellular carcinoma at an early stage. In this study, the serum proteins in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or liver cirrhosis and in normal controls were analysed. Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass (SELDI-TOF-MS) spectrometry was used to fingerprint serum protein using the protein chip technique and explore the value of the fingerprint, coupled with artificial neural network, to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Of the 106 serum samples obtained, 52 were from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 22 from patients with liver cirrhosis and 32 from healthy volunteers. The samples were randomly assigned into a training group (n=70, 35 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 14 with liver cirrhosis, and 21 normal controls) and a testing group (n=36, 17 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 8 with liver cirrhosis, and 11 normal controls). An artificial neural network was trained on data from 70 individuals in the training group to develop an artificial neural network diagnostic model and this model was tested. The 36 sera in the testing group were analysed with blind prediction by using the same flowchart and procedure of data collection. The 36 serum protein spectra were clustered with the preset clustering method and the same mass/charge (M/Z) peak values as those in the training group.　 Matrix transfer was performed after data were output. Then the data were input into the previously built artificial neural network model to get the prediction value. The M/Z peaks of the samples with more than 2000 M/Z were normalized with biomarker wizard of ProteinChip Software version 3.1 for noise filtering. The first threshold for noise filtering was set at 5, and the second was set at 2. The 10% was the minimum threshold for clustering. The statistical analysis of the data of serum protein mass spectrum was performed in the groups (normal vs. hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver cirrhosis vs. hepatocellular carcinoma) with the t test. Results Comparison between the groups of hepatocellular carcinoma and normal control: The mass spectra from 56 samples (hepatocellular carcinoma and normal controls) in the training group were analysed and 241 peaks were obtained. In addition, 21 peaks from them were used for comparison between the groups of hepatocellular carcinoma and normal controls (P<0.01). Only 2 peaks at 3015 M/Z and 5900 M/Z were selected with significant difference ［P<10（-9）］. A model was developed based on these two proteins with different M/Z. It was confirmed that this artificial neural network model can be used for comparison between the groups of hepatocellular carcinoma and normal controls. The sensitivity was 100% (17/17), and the specificity was 100% (11/11). Comparison between the groups of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis: The mass spectra from 49 samples in the training group (including patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis) were analysed and 208 peaks were obtained. In addition, 21 peaks from them were used for comparison between the groups of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis (P<0.01). Only 2 peaks at 7759 M/Z, 13134 M/Z were selected with significant difference ［P<10（-9）］. A model was developed based on these two proteins with dfferent M/Z. It was confirmed that this artificial neural network model can be used for comparison between the groups of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis. The sensitivity was 88.2% (15/17), and the specificity was 100% (8/8).Conclusions The specific biomarkers selected with the SELDI technology could be used for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.     

Clinical and familial study of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy

Objective　To explore the characteristics of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods　Seven patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and 34 members of three families were studied. All patients and family members underwent history collection, clinical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) and a signal averaging electrocardiogram. Programmed ventricular stimulation was performed in five patients. Results　All patients and family members had normal morphologic characteristics and normal function of the left ventricular by 2-DE. Fourteen persons had abnormal findings indicating ARVC. Five had enlargement of the right ventricular with diffused hypocontractility, eight had thin and systolic bulging in the focal anterior wall with hypokinesia and one had bulging of the inferior wall. Twenty-five persons (seven patients and 18 family members) had abnormal findings in ECG. Positive ventricular late potential was recorded in 13 persons (six patients). Two to three monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) with left bundle branch block (LBBB) configurations were induced in five patients. Ventricular fibrillation was induced in two patients during the electrophysiologic study (EPS). Five patients had very high pacing threshold and/or ineffective pacing in one or many regions of the right ventricle. Two members of one family died suddenly. One member was a dwarf with ARVC. Spontaneous VT with a left bundle branch block (LBBB) configuration was recorded in five patients, polymorphic VT with extremely short coupling interval in one, and premature ventricular complexes with LBBB configuration in 12 (six patients). Conclusion　Our familial study strongly suggests that ARVC may be a hereditary disease and it is helpful in the diagnosis and detection of ARVC. The most common manifestations were abnormal structure and function of the right ventricle and abnormal ECG of repolarization and ventricular arrhythmia which originates from the right ventricle.     

Effects of testosterone on norepinephrine release in isolated rat heart

The effects of testosterone on norepinephrine release were investigated in the isolated rat hearts.Sprague-Dawley male rats (n=120) were randomized to testosterone and control groups.The rats in testosterone group were perfused with modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing different concentrations of testosterone (0.1,1.0,10.0,and 100.0 nmol/L,respectively).Myocardial ischemia was induced by globally stopping the perfusion flow.Exocytotic norepinephrine release was induced by electrical field stimulation at 5 V (effective voltage) and 6 Hz (pulse width of 2 ms) for 1 min.The overflow of norepinephrine was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography and electrochemical detec-tion (HPLC-EC).Following acute ischemia,testosterone (1.0,10.0 and 100.0 nmol/L) significantly re-duced norepinephrine release (P<0.01),and the norepinepherine overflow was similar between the con-trol and 0.1 nmol/L testosterone group (P>0.05).Electrical stimulation of the ventricle evoked norepi-nepherine release,and this was diminished by the perfusion with testosterone at the concentrations of 1.0,10.0 and 100.0 nmol/L (P<0.01).It is suggested that testosterone suppresses ischemia-and electri-cal stimulationinduced norepinepherine release in the isolated rat hearts.     

Complications of cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with congestive heart failure

Background Previous clinical studies have suggested that patients with congestive heart failure and intraventricular conduction delay could benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy （CRT）. Implantation of left ventricular lead is a complex procedure with some potential for complications. This study was conducted to analyse the complications of CRT in patients with congestive heart failure. Methods Totally 117 patients, 86 males and 31 females, mean age of 53 years, with congestive heart failure and intraventricular conduction delaywere enrolled in this study. Venography was performed on all patients. Different types of coronary sinus leads were used to pace the left ventricle. Results Left ventricular lead was attempted to implant through coronary sinus for all the 117 patients and was successfully implanted in 111 patients. The success rate was 94.9%. Main complications rate was 6.8%, including coronary sinus dissection in 4 patients, phrenic nerve stimulation required lead repositioning in 2 patients and lead dislodgement in 2 patients. Conclusions It is feasible and safe to pace left ventricle through coronary sinus. However, there are some procedural complications.     

Prevalence and prognostic impact of hepatopulmonary syndrome in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial chemoembolization: a prospective cohort study

Background: To determine the prevalence and prognostic impact of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).Methods: Fifty-four patients with unresectable HCC undergoing TACE between December 2014 and December 2015 were prospectively screened for HPS and were followed up for a maximum of 2 years or until the end of this prospective study.Results: Nineteen of the 54 (35.2%) patients were considered ...     

A Clinical Study on the Effect of Yinxing Damo (银杏达莫) Combined with Betahistine Hydrochloride Injection on Vertebral Basilar Artery Ischemic Vertigo

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Yinxing Damo (银杏达莫, YXDM) combined with Betahistine Hydrochloride Injection (BHI) on vertebra basilar artery ischemic vertigo (VBIV).Methods: Ninety patients with VBIV were randomly divided into two groups; 45 patients (the treated group)were treated with YXDM and BHI intravenous dripping, once a day for 14 days. Another 45 patients (control clinical syndromes and the index of the transcranial Doppler (TCD) and hemorheology were observed. Results: The total effective rate was 100% in the treated group, which was better than that in the control group90.5%, (P＜0.05). The indexes of TCD and hemorheology in the treated group were obviously improved after treatment, (P＜0.01). Conclusion: YXDM combined with BHT injection had better effect in treating patients with VBIV is an ideal drug for VBIV.     

Chinese Medicine for Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Clinical Study

Objective: To investigate the effect of Chinese medicine(CM) on survival of patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer(CRC). Methods: A total of 295 patients who received chemotherapy were assigned to Group 1. The other 171 patients received the same chemotherapy treatment combined with the usage of CM Jianpi Jiedu Formula(健脾解毒方, JPJD) for more than 3 months(Group 2). Patients' survival time, relapse and metastasis, and cause of death were observed. Cox proportional hazard regression models were established for the analysis of the effect of independent factors on the survival prognosis of patients with CRC. Results: The survival rate of patients in Group 2 was higher than that of Group 1(P0.05). Compared with Group 1, the mean survival time was prolonged by 5.594 months and the median survival time was prolonged by 6 months in Group 2(P=0.004). Cox regression analysis indicated that CM combined with chemotherapy provided significant protective effect, as observed with the improvements in the survival rates of CRC patients(P0.01). Conclusion: CM can improve the survival rate in patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ CRC.     

原位心脏移植56例的临床经验

目的　总结分析复旦大学器官移植中心 5 6例原位心脏移植的临床经验。方法　 2 0 0 0年 5月至 2 0 0 3年 12月连续为 5 6例患者行原位心脏移植术 ,包括扩张型心肌病 4 7例 ,终末期瓣膜性心肌病 2例 ,终末期缺血性心肌病 2例 ,原发性心脏恶性肿瘤 2例 ,复杂先天性心脏病 1例 ,肌营养不良性心肌病 1例 ,恶性心律失常 1例。手术按标准法行原位心脏移植手术 19例 ,双腔静脉吻合法移植手术 37例。术后抗排斥反应治疗采用环孢素 泼尼松 霉酚酸酯三联方案。结果　手术死亡1例 ,死因为第 5次手术术后渗血不止。所有存活病例获完整随访 ,在平均 12 .4个月的随访中 ,术后1年内死亡 5例 ,1年存活率 91% ,其中死于肾功能衰竭 1例 ,慢性右心衰 1例 ,急性排斥反应 2例 ,车祸 1例。 1例术后 3年 2个月死于移植物冠状动脉硬化。存活病例心功能恢复至ⅠⅡ级。结论通过选择适当的受体病例 ,保护良好的心肌 ,采用双腔静脉吻合技术 ,加强术后监测与预防多种并发症 ,心脏移植可获得满意的早中期疗效。     

三尖瓣置换术的临床分析

目的：总结三尖瓣置换术的临床治疗经验。方法：回顾性分析2000年3月至2015年2月在郑州大学第一附属医院心外科行三尖瓣置换术的28例患者的临床资料,其中男15例,女13例,年龄5~63(39.84±16.27)岁。病因主要有三尖瓣下移畸形(Ebstein畸形)16例,风湿性心脏瓣膜病7例,感染性心内膜炎3例,退行性三尖瓣病变2例。结果：1例术后因多器官功能衰竭死亡;4例术后出现三度房室传导阻滞,其中2例出现于术后第5天, 2例出现于术后第9天,均置入永久起搏器;27例患者顺利出院。术后随访1个月~15年,27例患者心脏超声示人工瓣膜功能良好,4例置入永久起搏器患者的起搏器功能良好。结论：三度房室传导阻滞是三尖瓣置换术最常见且严重的并发症,大多发生于术后早期,关键在于预防,术中要准确辨认三尖瓣与房室结、传导束的解剖关系,尽量避免损伤。     

30例犬心脏移植实验研究

<正> 1967年,Barnard成功地完成了第一例人的原位心脏移植。14年来,心脏移植术进展较快,据美国斯坦福大学医学中心报告:术后1年存活率达63%,5年存活率39%,最长存活时间已11年3个月。1978年我国上海瑞金医院报告了第一例人的原位心脏移植。胸内异位心脏移植术式较多,但效果不一,一般对受体心肺有不同程度干扰,且大多需要采用人造血管连接,操作较为复杂。     

同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞在大鼠心脏的迁移及分化

目的探讨同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)在大鼠心脏定居存活情况、同种异体移植是否可行。正常心脏微环境与梗死心脏微环境对骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)迁移、分化的影响。方法雌性Wistar大鼠35只,①正常心脏MSC移植组(10只);②急性心肌梗死对照组(AMI,10只);③心肌梗死MSC移植组(10只);④单个核细胞治疗组(5只)。结扎左冠状动脉前降支造成心肌梗死模型。分离纯化来自雄性Wistar大鼠的骨髓MSC,于冠脉结扎后1～3h植入到雌性正常大鼠和心肌梗死大鼠心脏组织,模拟同种异体细胞移植治疗。于细胞移植后10周取心脏检测各种指标。结果(1)经纯化的大鼠MSC在同种异体大鼠心脏可定居、生存,而未经纯化的单个核细胞移植在同种异体大鼠心脏未见存活;(2)在正常心脏微环境中,带蓝色荧光的供体MSC细胞核呈小岛屿状分布,与宿主心肌纤维排列无关;而在心肌梗死模型大鼠心脏微环境中,蓝色细胞核分布广泛,呈椭圆形,似心肌细胞核,其排列方向与宿主心肌纤维排列方向一致,免疫组化检测胞浆心肌特异蛋白染色阳性。结论纯化的MSC具有免疫耐受特性,无需加用免疫抑制剂,可进行同种异体移植;同种异体MSC在正常心脏微环境中不发生迁移、分化;而在急性梗死大鼠心脏中具有向缺血梗死区迁移并分化为心肌样细胞的特点。     

Aortic and mitral valve replacement with retrograde perfusion in the beating heart

Objective To estimate the value of aortic valves and combined mitral valve replacement wit h retrograde perfusion in beating hearts.Methods Continuous retrograde coronary sinus perfusion with beating hearts was used in 8 3 patients undergoing aortic valve or aortic valve combined with mitral valve re placement, without application of cardioplegia. After aortic valve replacement, the retrograde perfusion was changed to antegrade perfusion for mitral valve re placement or correction of the other deformities (group A). Cold blood cardiopl egia solution (15℃) was infused at intervals in 20 cases (group B). The follow ing parameters were tested: lactate, ET, CTn-T and MDA in blood; myocardial ult ra-structure; and cardiac rhythm and cardiac output (CO).Results All biochemical values increased after cardiopulmonary bypass (P&lt;0.05-0.01 ). Empty and beating heart sinus rhythm was maintained in group A. Myocardial ultrastructure did not change significantly. The pump was stopped smoothly as t he surgical procedure finished. No postoperative low cardiac output syndrome or arrhythmia was observed. Eight-one patients recovered smoothly, two died from renal failure or infective shock. When the pump stopped, all patients in group B were supported by 5-10 μg·kg(-1)·min(-1) dopamine. Transie nt pacing was used in 9 patients. One patient died from low cardiac output synd rome. Conclusion This method is a good myocardial protection which simulates physiologic status. It is applicable to aortic valve and combined mitral valve replacement of patie nts with large heart or heart failure and long time aortic cross-clamping. Ide al clinical effect can be achieved.     

心脏粘液瘤外科治疗中的某些问题

我科完成７６例心脏粘液瘤的手术治疗。左房７０例，右房５例，右室１例。全部经超声心动诊断，但有假阳性２例，假阴性１例。因高热而取消手术者，突然死于脑栓塞。对顽固性心衰病人进行手术进行以后，术后死于低心排综合征。术中发生的副损伤为心房破裂，这是由来粘液瘤生长在房壁上，切除瘤蒂时造成的。     

同期手术治疗心脏病和非心脏疾病

目的: 探讨同期手术治疗心脏病和非心脏疾病的可能性和可行性。方法: 自1999年7月至2018年8月,北京大学第一医院心脏外科联合胸外科、普通外科、泌尿外科、妇产科对111例同时患有心脏病和非心脏疾病的患者同期行心脏手术和其他外科手术,其中男性83例(74.8%)、女性28例(25.2%),年龄41~84岁,平均(64.64±8.97)岁。心脏疾病的构成包括冠心病、心脏瓣膜病、心脏肿瘤、慢性缩窄性心包炎和先天性心脏病;非心脏疾病的构成包括肺部良恶性疾病、胸腺瘤和胸腺囊肿、乳腺癌、胸壁巨大血管瘤、消化道良恶性疾病、泌尿系恶性肿瘤和妇科疾病。观察手术的短期和长期效果。结果: 2例患者术后死亡,住院死亡率为1.8%,其中1例为急诊冠状动脉搭桥术+膀胱癌根治术后第153天因多器官功能衰竭死亡,另1例为心包剥脱术+肺癌手术后第10天因多器官功能衰竭死亡,其余109例患者康复出院。住院期间手术并发症共13例,发病率为11.7%,包括术后出血2例(1.8%),肺部感染及低氧血症3例 (2.7%),上消化道出血1 例(0.9%),切口感染3例(2.7%),膈下脓肿1例(0.9%),术后急性肾功能衰竭及血液滤过3例(2.7%)。109例出院患者中,108例完成随访,所有患者都存活6个月以上,21例患者在随访1~5年期间因肿瘤复发或转移死亡,无心脏源性死亡。随访期间心功能不全1例,行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗1例,术后抗凝过度导致脑出血1例,切口疝1例。结论: 同期手术治疗心脏病和非心脏良性或恶性疾病安全可行,短期和长期生存率均满意。     

心力衰竭大鼠心肌细胞增殖与心功能的关系研究

目的证实成年心力衰竭大鼠心肌细胞存在分化增殖,探讨心肌细胞增殖程度与心功能的相关关系。方法成年SD雄性大鼠分为2组:心肌梗死组(14只,其中心功能代偿8只、失代偿6只),正常对照组(8只)。结扎左冠状动脉前降支形成心肌梗死,建立大鼠心力衰竭模型。1个月后,测血流动力学。心肌组织进行碘化丙啶和α-肌原节肌动蛋白抗体免疫荧光染色,观察心肌细胞有丝分裂相。用增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)抗体进行免疫组化染色,观察PCNA阳性率。结果(1)成年大鼠左室心肌组织可观察到心肌细胞有丝分裂相。(2)心肌梗死后心功能代偿组PCNA阳性率明显高于对照组(7.2%±1.4%vs2.2%±0.8%,P<0.01),与心功能失代偿组比较差异无统计学意义(3.0%±1.3%vs2.2%±0.8%,P=0.648);心功能代偿组显著高于心功能失代偿组(P<0.01)。(3)心肌梗死组PCNA阳性率与±LVdp/dtmax相关系数分别为0.80(P<0.01)和-0.76(P<0.01)。结论(1)成年心力衰竭大鼠心脏存在心肌细胞增殖;(2)心肌梗死大鼠心肌细胞增殖程度与心脏收缩功能呈正性相关,与舒张功能呈负性相关。     

Connexin43基因缺陷新生小鼠心脏组织病理学研究

目的观察不同程度Connefin43基因缺陷对新生小鼠心脏发育的影响。方法采用Cx43基因敲除(Cx43 KO)和CMV43^CT两种Cx43基因缺陷的小鼠模型,聚合酶链反应鉴定基因型。然后将新生小鼠心脏分离固定,HE染色观察心脏的形态结构。普通C57BL6／SJ小鼠作为对照。结果所有11只纯合型Cx43 KO小鼠生后1d内均死亡,心脏表现为严重右室流出道梗阻。在20只纯合型CMV43^CT新生小鼠中,有12只生后2d内死亡,其心脏不仅表现有右室流出道梗阻,还出现了房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损等其他心脏畸形;而另外8只未见心脏异常。所有杂合型Cx43 KO和CMV43^CT基因缺陷的小鼠生后均存活,心脏病理学检测未见异常。结论Cx43基因缺陷与心脏发育异常有密切的关系,但不同类型和不同程度的Cx43基因功能缺失对心脏发育的影响也不尽相同。     

心脏移植12例随访观察

目的 观察心脏移植的疗效。方法 随访接受心脏移植的1组患者术后的劳动力、生活质量以及精神和／或肉体的并发症。结果 1997年6月至2002年6月行同种原位心脏移植12例,其中1例为心肾联合移植。2例围手术期死亡,原因分别为急性排斥反应和急性肾功能衰竭。10例长期生存(83．3％),其中1例于术后7个月在停服霉酚酯酸(骁悉)后死于急性排斥反应;其余9例已生存1～6年,平均3年半。心肾联合移植患者也已生存近3年。这9例患者各自到术后1年时,心功能均达到Ⅰ级,并保持至今,且都已恢复工作。有1例于术后1周曾出现精神分裂症状。生存达1年的9例均作冠状动脉造影,每例均表现冠状动脉变细,侧支减少,有2例于术后4、5年心电图显示左心室前壁或后壁局部缺血,这9例患者临床上均无冠心病症状。2例出现糖尿病。2例在围手术期因渗血第2次开胸。术后早期每例均有不同程度的右心功能不全、口腔溃疡及服用环孢素后的血压升高。9例均因此需长期服降压药物控制血压。随访中无恶性肿瘤的出现。结论 心脏移植是治疗终末期扩张型心肌病的有效方法,但术后可能发生的并发症较多,有的影响生活质量,有的甚至可危及生命。术后密切的随访,预防并及时发现和处理并发症将有助于提高疗效。