三叉神经痛患者诱发电位临床分析

目的分析三叉神经痛患者诱发电位(TSEP)的波形特点及临床价值。方法选取我院收治的50例原发性三叉神经痛患者为观察组,采用多导诱发肌电仪检测其健侧与患侧三叉神经体感诱发电位。同时以正常健康人作为对照组,总结三叉神经痛患者TSEP波形的变化特征。结果观察组患侧P1、N1、P3、N3、N4波潜伏期与同组健侧比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),其患侧P1、N1、P2、N2、P3、N3、P4、N5波潜伏期与正常对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组P1N1、NIP2、P2N2、N2P3、N3P4各波波幅均高于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在三叉神经痛的定量诊断中,采用脑三叉神经体感诱发电位方案,可反映潜伏期及波幅指标的变化,同时可将潜伏期N1、P3延迟,N2P3波幅升高、N3P4波幅降低作为诊断三叉神经痛的辅助标准。     

28例三叉神经痛患者BAEP检测报告

目的 探讨三叉神经痛患者脑干听觉诱发电位（ＢＡＥＰ）检测的意义。方法 利用神经电诊仪对２８例患者进行ＢＡＥＰ检测。结果 ２４例原发性三叉神经痛患者中ＢＡＥＰ异常者１９例（７９％），表现多为同侧或双侧Ｉ波、Ⅲ波分化差，潜伏期延长。４例胆脂瘤所致的继发性三叉神经痛患者ＢＡＥＰ全部异常，表现为Ⅲ波、Ｖ波分化差或波形缺失。结论 ＢＡＥＰ是三叉神经痛辅助诊断的一个敏感指标，尤其对鉴别原发性和继发性三叉神经痛     

新一代事件相关电位认知功能评定和监测系统的实验方法建立——脑干听觉反应的临床应用

目的探讨抑郁症患者和精神分裂症患者的脑干听觉反应(ABR)的特点。方法应用NTS-2000型ERP仪及Click短声刺激,测查43例抑郁症(抑郁症组)、43例精神分裂症(精神分裂症组)和50名健康成人对照(对照组)的ABR。结果抑郁症组、精神分裂症组及对照组在绝对潜伏期波Ⅴ(Pz脑区)、绝对波幅波Ⅲ(Pz脑区)、波Ⅴ(Pz脑区)上的差异有显著统计学意义(P均<0.01)。与对照组和抑郁症组相比,精神分裂症组的绝对潜伏期波Ⅴ(Pz脑区)显著延迟(P均<0.01),绝对波幅波Ⅲ(Pz脑区)和绝对波幅波Ⅴ(Pz脑区)亦显著降低。结论 ABR对临床鉴别抑郁症和精神分裂症有参考价值。     

三叉神经痛射频治疗前后皮层诱发电位观察

本文对42例三叉神经痛患者采用皮肤表面电极刺激三叉神经第Ⅱ支,在三叉神经感觉皮层投射区,记录了射频治疗前、后三叉神经诱发电位的变化,同时与40例正常人作对照。结果提示:三叉神经痛病人组诱发电位P_2,N_2波的潜伏期较对照组有明显延长(P<0.01)。射频治疗后诱发电位各波波幅均有不同程度的抑制,与术前比较,只有P_2波波幅的抑制有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结果说明P_2波与三叉神经痛有密切的关系,P_2波波幅的变化可作为反映三叉神经痛的、客观的非特异指标,本研究采用表面电极刺激三叉神经可记录到皮层诱发电位,为今后探讨三叉神经元的传导在皮层的联系和三叉神经痛的发病机理提供一个客观简便的方法。     

后循环梗死患者的BAEP、BR、TSEP检测

目的:探讨后循环脑梗死(PCI)患者脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)、瞬目反射(BR)、三叉神经诱发电位(TSEP)三种电生理变化.方法:选择60例经头颅MRI检查证实为PCI患者(病例组),分别于人院一周之内行BAEP、BR、TSEP检查,观察BAEP波形及Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期(PL)、峰间期(IPL),计算BR的R1、R2、R2′波平均PL、波幅及TSEP各成分PL,并与40例健康体检者作对照.结果:病例组60例中BAEP异常35例(58%),异常主要表现为Ⅰ、Ⅴ波的PL、Ⅰ-Ⅴ波的IPL延长和Ⅰ/Ⅴ波幅比＞1.BR异常33例(55%),异常主要表现为R2波的PL延长,R2、R2′波幅下降.TSEP检查病例组与对照组PL比较未见明显差异.结论:BAEP、BR两种电生理检查方法能够较好地检测出PCI患者神经功能异常,联合应用BAEP及BR能够为PCI患者的神经功能的判断提供重要参考.     

电刺激诱发瞬目反射对脑桥梗死患者的预后价值

目的 探讨电刺激诱发瞬目反射(blink reflex,BR)对脑桥梗死患者的预后价值.方法 对43例脑桥梗死患者和37例健康对照组进行电刺激诱发BR的检测,采用欧洲脑卒中评分(The European stroke scale,ESS)和日常生活活动(activity of daily life,ADL)量表对每位患者在BR检查当日和4周末分别进行神经功能缺损程度评分.结果 脑桥梗死组病灶侧R1的潜伏期较对照组明显延长,病灶侧R1的潜伏期较健侧也显著延长(P＜0.001).脑桥梗死组BR各波的异常率以R1最高,占81.4%,而R2和R2′的异常率分别为23.3%和25.6%.R1的异常率显著高于R2和R2′(P＜0.001).双侧脑桥梗死(双侧均有病灶,每侧病灶直径均＞3mm),导致BR各波均未引出.一侧脑桥单个梗死灶,梗死灶直径＞3mm,主要引起R1潜伏期延长;一侧脑桥单个梗死灶,梗死灶直径0.5～3mm,BR各波潜伏期均正常.R1波未引出组神经功能缺损程度最重,ESS评分和ADL评分显著低于R1潜伏期延长组和R1潜伏期正常组(P＜0.001);R1潜伏期正常组预后最好,4周末其ESS评分和ADL评分均较1周内显著提高(P＜0.01和0.001);R1潜伏期延长组次之.结论 脑桥梗死患者的BR异常以R1潜伏期延长为特征.脑桥的病灶主要引起R1异常,进一步提示R1的反射中枢位于脑桥.BR的异常类型可大致反映脑桥梗死病灶的范围,BR的R1异常可作为脑桥梗死患者神经功能缺损程度和预后评价的电生理指标之一.     

某部驻岛官兵睡眠状况自评量表评定分析

目的探讨抑郁症患者交感神经皮肤反应(SSR)的特点及其与焦虑抑郁严重程度的相关性。方法对32例首发抑郁症、19例复发抑郁症和27例正常对照组分别检测SSR潜伏期和波幅。结果首发抑郁症和复发性抑郁症患者的双侧上下肢SSR波潜伏期和波幅与正常组相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但复发性抑郁症的左上肢SSR波潜伏期显著长于首发稀有症(P=0.034);抑郁症的双侧上下肢SSR波潜伏期和波幅与HAMD、HAMA的评分,其差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 SSR可能并不能敏感地反映抑郁症的自主神经功能损害症状,因而其临床应用价值也尚不能肯定。     

卒中后抑郁与抑郁症事件相关电位变化特点和对比研究

目的观察卒中后抑郁(post-stroke depression,PSD)和抑郁症患者事件相关电位失匹配负波(mismatch negative,MMN)和P300的变化特征。方法纳入卒中后抑郁患者28例,抑郁症患者35例,正常对照30名,均采用Oddball范式进行事件相关电位MMN和P300检测。结果3组MMN和P300潜伏期和波幅均具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,卒中后抑郁组和抑郁症组MMN和P300潜伏期延长、波幅下降(P<0.05);卒中后抑郁组较抑郁症组MMN和P300潜伏期延长、波幅下降(P<0.05)。结论卒中后抑郁比抑郁症MMN和P300的潜伏期更长,波幅更低,可作为与抑郁症鉴别诊断的参考。     

帕金森病和皮质下缺血性血管性痴呆患者的失匹配性负波的比较

目的研究比较皮质下缺血性血管性痴呆（SIVD）患者和帕金森病患者认知功能障碍时在失匹配负波（MMN）的特征。方法17例非痴呆非抑郁帕金病患者,26例SIVD患者和21例年龄、教育年限相匹配的正常对照组分别进行失匹配负波（MMN）成分的潜伏期、波幅检测。结果SIVD组与对照组相比,MMN潜伏期延长,波幅明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;帕金森病组与对照组相比,MMN潜伏期延长（P〈0．01）;波幅虽呈下降趋势,但无统计学意义。SIVD组与帕金森病组相比,潜伏期延长,波幅明显降低,有显著意义（P〈0．01）。结论失匹配负波（MMN）能够客观地反映非痴呆非抑郁帕金森病人早期额叶认知功能障碍,更能反映SIVD患者在大脑信息处理的早期阶段对所输入信息的感觉记忆及自动选择所存在的障碍,其电生理特征对认知障碍的鉴别有一定价值。     

皮肤交感反应在糖尿病周围神经病早期诊断中的价值

目的　探讨皮肤交感反应 (SSR)与糖尿病自主神经系统交感神经病变的关系 ,为糖尿病自主神经系统病变的早期诊断提供客观依据。方法　对 80例糖尿病患者及 30名健康人四肢进行SSR测定 ,对两组SSR各波潜伏期及波幅的均值行t检验。结果　两组SSR的起始潜伏期、N波、P波潜伏期比较差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 0 1) ;N波波幅、P波波幅差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。健康对照组全部可引出SSR ,而糖尿病组仅 2例患者四肢可正常引出SSR ,78例 (97 5 % )患者至少有一肢SSR潜伏期异常。结论　SSR为糖尿病性自主神经系统交感神经病变的早期诊断提供了新的方法和客观依据 ,可发现糖尿病自主神经系统交感神经纤维的早期病变。     

三叉神经痛合并根区蛛网膜粘连的病毒病因学研究

目的 探讨原发性三叉神经痛(TN)合并根区蛛网膜粘连与HSV-1感染的关系.方法 对TN患者于显微血管减压术中见其三叉神经根区合并蛛网膜粘连者59例,取其蛛网膜作为实验组;未合并根区明显蛛网膜粘连的TN患者24例,取其蛛网膜作为病例对照组;采用PCR和Western Blot方法分别检测其HSV-1特异性DNA片段、特异性抗原,并以20例外伤患者蛛网膜做正常对照.结果 三组资料中DNA片段阳性率分别为:69%、58%和25%;实验组和病例对照组的DNA片段阳性率均高于正常对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但实验组和病例对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);病毒特异性抗原阳性率分别为:51%、25%和15%,实验组病毒抗原阳性率高于病例对照组,也高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而病例对照组和正常对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 HSV-1病毒增殖性感染可能促使TN患者三叉神经根区蛛网膜的粘连,蛛网膜组织可能是HSV-1潜伏感染的另一基地;HSV-1病毒感染可能是TN又一致病因素.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the relationship that trigeminal neuralgia combining arachnoids' adhesions and herpes simplex virus type 1. Methods There are fifty nine patients with trigeminal neuralgia their trigeminal nerve root area combined arachnoids' adhesion, cutting their arachnoids as the experimental group. There are twenty four patients with trigeminal neuralgia their trigeminal nerve root area is not combined significant arachnoids' adhesion, cutting their arachnoids as the case - control group. Using polymerase chain reaction and Western blot technique to detecting the HSV - 1 specific DNA fragments and specific antigen,and cutting twenty arachnoids of the patients with Brain Trauma as the normal control group. Results The positive ratio of DNA fragments in the three group is 69% 、58% and 25% respectively. The positive ratio of DNA fragments in the experiment group and case -control group were higher than the normal control group,with statistical difference ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), but the experimental group and case -control group compared with no significant difference ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The positive ratio of virus - specific antigen is 51%、 25 % and 15 %respectively. The positive ratio of virus - specific antigen was higher than the case - control group, also higher than the normal control group, were significantly different ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), while the case - control group and the normal control group compared with no significant differences ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion HSV - 1 proliferating infected patients with trigeminal neuralgia may result in the arachnoids adhesion of trigeminal nerve root zone; arachnoids tissue may be another latent base of HSV - 1; HSV - 1 infection may be another pathogenic factor of trigeminal neuralgia.     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的随访观察

目的 探讨乙状窦后人路微血管减压术(MVD)治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床价值.方法回顾性分析MVD治疗的769例原发性三叉神经痛患者的临床资料,对治疗结果进行分析讨论.结果 769例三叉神经痛患者中,743例治愈,17例有效,9例无效,无手术死亡.随访6-180个月.46例复发,其中9例行二次手术治愈.结论 MVD治疗原发性三叉神经痛安全、有效,术中创伤小,复发率低,可作为原发性三叉神经痛的首选治疗方法.     

Metabolite concentration ratios in thalami of patients with migraine and trigeminal neuralgia measured with 1H-MRS

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the metabolite concentration ratios including N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho) and creatine plus phosphocreatine (Cr) in thalami of patients with migraine without aura, patients with trigeminal neuralgia and healthy comparison subjects using multi-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). METHODS: 1H-MRS was performed with a 3.0 T MR system on the thalamus bilaterally in 20 patients with migraine without aura, 16 patients with trigeminal neuralgia and 14 healthy control subjects. RESULTS: In the patients with trigeminal neuralgia, metabolite concentration ratios except for Cho/Cr in thalami were different from those of healthy subjects (p>0.05). In migraine group, only NAA/Cho is low in the left thalamus (p>0.05). Comparing the metabolite concentration ratios of affected and contralateral sides in migraine and trigeminal neuralgia groups, only NAA/Cr showed a significant difference (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: It was proved that migraine and trigeminal neuralgia seemed to be associated with an abnormal balance of the neural activity in the thalamus using 1H-MRS. There was some significant difference between metabolite concentration ratios in two diseases. 1H-MRS may serve as a useful non-invasive tool for evaluating thalamic neural activity and therapy effect in clinical performance of patients with migraine without aura.     

原发性三叉神经痛的磁共振扫描对比研究

目的探讨磁共振对三又神经痛的诊断价值。方法采用3D—FFE序列扫描三叉神经痛60例,患、健侧进行对比,术中进行验证。再与患者配偶60例进行对比。结果磁共振显示研究组患侧明显压迫51例,可疑接触3例,无接触6例,健侧明显压迫14例,可疑接触4例,无接触42例,术中证实患侧都存在明确压迫,其中动脉性压迫57例,静脉性压迫3例。对照组明显压迫15例,可疑接触5例,无接触40例。结论磁共振3D—FFE序列扫描对有三叉神经痛有较高的诊断价值,但对静脉性压迫易漏诊。     

Measurement of pulse pressure profiles in patients with trigeminal neuralgia

Applanation tonometry is a non-invasive method of assessing the arterial blood pressure profiles in both the peripheral and systemic circulation. In this study the authors examined whether there were differences in these profiles in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. The carotid artery and derived aortic blood pressure waveforms were obtained using a pulse wave analysis system. The ratio of the pressure wave amplitude above the systolic shoulder to the total systolic blood pressure (augmentation index, AIx) was recorded. Thirty two patients with trigeminal neuralgia (16 male and 16 female) and 100 controls (50 male and 50 female) were recruited. Eleven patients had been treated by microvascular decompression, mean (SD) time from surgery 17 (24) months (range 3-86 months). For the patients with trigeminal neuralgia, the right and left carotid artery AIxs (mean (SD)) were 120.6 (21.7)% and 120.7 (19.1)% respectively. Corresponding values for the control group were 120.5 (19.3)% and 120.9 (19.5)%. The calculated AIx for the ascending aorta was 27.7 (10.1)% and 27.2 (10.5)% for the patients with trigeminal neuralgia and controls respectively. No significant differences were seen in either the right or left carotid artery (p=0.5 and p=0.6 respectively) or the derived ascending aorta (p=0.8). The results show that there does not seem to be a generalised increase in arterial stiffness in patients with trigeminal neuralgia.     

三叉神经痛的磁共振扩散张量成像研究

目的 研究血管压迫三叉神经桥池段的扩散张量成像(DTI)表现及临床应用价值.方法 对60例经手术证实的因责任血管压迫引起三叉神经痛(TN)患者(TN组)和50例健康志愿者(对照组)行常规MRI和横轴面DTI成像,测量其表观扩散系数(ADC)值、部分各向异性分数(FA)值. 结果 对照组的三叉神经的ADC值为(1.76±0.98)×10-3 mm2/s,FA值为0.40±0.18,左侧与右侧三叉神经桥池段的ADC值和FA值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组与TN组中B组(轻度压迫组)、C(重度压迫组)、D组(受压变形并萎缩)3组比较,ADC、FA值差异均存在统计学意义(P均<0.05);压迫部位ADC值增高28例,不变4例,平均ADC值明显高于对照组(P<0.05);压迫部位FA值下降15例.不变11例,增高5例,平均FA值明显低于对照组(P<0.05). 结论 DTI对判断血管压迫三叉神经有一定价值,三叉神经压迫程度越大,ADC值越高,FA值越低.     

重复伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床研究

目的 探讨重复伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛(TN)的可行性、相关标准、疗效.方法 选择自1995年1月至2006年2月接受初次伽玛刀(GK1)治疗的277例TN患者.靶点选择三叉神经感觉根近桥脑处,中心剂量为70～80 Gy;对其中23例无效和15例复发者行第二次伽玛刀(GK2)治疗,中心剂最为65～80 Gy,50%等剂量线限定靶点,33例仍将三叉神经感觉根近桥脑处作为靶点,5例采用双靶点治疗.结果 (1)GK2治疗后疼痛缓解时间:GK2治疗后所有患者均得到满意的电话随访,随访时间为12～108个月(平均55个月),出现疼痛缓解时间为1～180 d(平均120d).(2)治疗有效率:GK1治疗后有效率为91.7%(254/277);GK2治疗后为84.2%(32/38),其中GK1治疗后23例无效者和15例复发者治疗有效率分别为73.9%(17/23)和100%(15/15),两组差异有统计学意义(P=0.045).(3)并发症:GK1治疗后发生面部麻木或麻痹30例(10.8%),GK2治疗后新发生8例,新并发症的发生率为21.1%.结论 伽玛刀是治疗TN安全有效的方法,严重副反应少.初次治疗后无效或复发者再次行伽玛刀治疗仍然有效,且复发者效果好于无效者.     

Trigeminal neuralgia as unusual isolated symptom of fungal paranasal sinusitis in patients with haematological malignancies

A sinonasal infection is a frequent complication in patients with haematological malignancies, and may represent a challenge in terms of differential diagnosis between a bacterial or fungal infective process and tumour localization. A timely and correct diagnosis in these patients is critical and, therefore, may require consultation of specialists outside of haematology; an incorrect diagnosis which underestimates the seriousness of the infection can be fatal. Symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia resulting from direct compression or perineural invasion from malignancy is not uncommon in the literature. However, trigeminal neuralgia as an isolated symptom at the onset of a bacterial or invasive fungal sinusitis is rare and risks going unnoticed. The authors herein describe three cases of patients affected by acute myeloid leukaemia or lymphoma in which an invasive fungal sinusitis appeared at the onset as an isolated trigeminal neuralgia, with pain located along the distribution area of the second branch of the trigeminal nerve. Only after referring these patients to a neurologist for a host of neurological exams it was possible to confirm a diagnosis of secondary maxillary sinus fungal involvement.     

瞬目反射与面神经运动传导检测对特发性面神经麻痹早期诊断和预后评估的价值

目的 探讨瞬目反射（BR）与面神经运动传导（FMC）检测对特发性面神经麻痹早期诊断和预后评估的价值。方法 选取2019年9月至2020年9月收治的特发性面神经麻痹100例。发病1~7 d,BR记录R1、R2及R2’波,分为出波组和未出波组;FMC检测复合肌肉动作电位（CMAP）,分为正常组和异常组。结果 BR检测显示,患侧R1、R2及R2’波未出波率分别为42.00%、30.00%、30.00%,均明显高于健侧（均为0.00%;P<0.05）。出波者患侧R1、R2及R2’波潜伏期较健侧均明显延长（P<0.05）。FMC检测显示,患侧CMAP潜伏期较健侧均明显延长（P<0.05）。治疗1、2、3个月的痊愈率分别为47.0%、74.0%、90.0%;BR出波组治疗1、2、3个月痊愈率明显高于未出波组（P<0.05）;CMAP正常组治疗1、2、3个月痊愈率明显高于异常组（P<0.05）。结论 BR与FMC检测可作为早期诊断特发性面神经麻痹的客观指标,BR出波情况与CMAP下降幅度可客观评估病人预后情况。     

伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛照射剂量研究

目的 ;研究伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛的最佳照射剂量。方法选择2004年1月~2010年3月期间经保守治疗无效的原发性三叉神经痛患者进行伽玛刀治疗。根据不同的照射剂量随机分为高剂量组(80~85Gy)和低剂量组(70~75 Gy),治疗后定期随访,进行疗效分析。结果本组总计65例患者,随访60例,失访5例,随访率92.3%,随访期12~78个月,平均随访期36个月。对两组共60例患者进行了统计学分析,其中高剂量组25例,低剂量组35例。高剂量组1例无效,有效率96%,低剂量组2例无效,有效率94.3%,两组有效率无差异(P>0.05)。高剂量组出现面部麻木17例,并发症发生率68%,低剂量组出现面部麻木7例,并发症发生率20%,两组并发症发生率有显著差异(P<0.05)。高剂量组治疗后疼痛完全缓解时间为2.51个月,低剂量组治疗后疼痛完全缓解时间为2.67个月,两组疼痛缓解时间无差异(P>0.05)。结论伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛安全有效,70~75 Gy应作为最佳照射剂量。