Chemical ablation of androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells by the histone deacetylase inhibitor LAQ824

Androgen receptor plays a critical role in the development of primary as well as advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Therefore, ablation of androgen receptor from prostate cancer cells is an interesting concept for developing a new therapy not only for androgen-dependent prostate cancer but also for metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer, for which there is no effective treatment available. We report here that LAQ824, a cinnamyl hydroxamatic acid histone deacetylase inhibitor currently in human clinical trials, effectively depleted androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells at nanomolar concentrations. LAQ824 seemed capable of depleting both the mutant and wild-type androgen receptors in either androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Although LAQ824 may exert its effect through multiple mechanisms, several lines of evidence suggest that inactivation of the heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90) molecular chaperone is involved in LAQ824-induced androgen receptor depletion. Besides androgen receptor, LAQ824 reduced the level of Hsp90 client proteins HER-2 (ErbB2), Akt/PKB, and Raf-1 in LNCaP cells. Another Hsp90 inhibitor, 17-allyamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), also induced androgen receptor diminution. LAQ824 induced Hsp90 acetylation in LNCaP cells, which resulted in inhibition of its ATP-binding activity, dissociation of Hsp90-androgen receptor complex, and proteasome-mediated degradation of androgen receptor. Consequently, LAQ824 blocked androgen-induced prostate-specific antigen production in LNCaP cells. LAQ824 effectively inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of these prostate cancer cells. These results reveal that LAQ824 is a potent agent for depletion of androgen receptor and a potential new drug for prostate cancer.     

Potentiation of the lethality of the histone deacetylase inhibitor LAQ824 by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor roscovitine in human leukemia cells

Interactions between the novel histone deacetylase inhibitor LAQ824 and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor roscovitine were examined in human leukemia cells. Pretreatment (24 hours) with a subtoxic concentration of LAQ824 (30 nmol/L) followed by a minimally toxic concentration of roscovitine (10 micromol/L; 24 hours) resulted in greater than additive effects on apoptosis in U937, Jurkat, and HL-60 human leukemia cells and blasts from three patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. These events were associated with enhanced conformational changes in Bax; mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, Smac/DIABLO, and apoptosis-inducing factor; and a marked increase in caspase activation. LAQ824/roscovitine-treated cells displayed caspase-dependent down-regulation of p21(CIP1) and Mcl-1 and a pronounced caspase-independent reduction in X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) expression. The lethality of this regimen was significantly attenuated by ectopic expression of XIAP, a nuclear localization signal-defective p21(CIP1) mutant, Mcl-1, and Bcl-2. Combined exposure to LAQ824 and roscovitine resulted in a significant reduction in XIAP mRNA levels and diminished phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Notably, roscovitine blocked LAQ824-mediated differentiation. Finally, LAQ824 and roscovitine individually and in combination triggered an increase in generation of reactive oxygen species; moreover, coadministration of the free radical scavenger N-acetylcysteine prevented LAQ824/roscovitine-mediated mitochondrial injury and apoptosis. Collectively, these findings suggest that combined treatment of human leukemia cells with LAQ824 and roscovitine disrupts maturation and synergistically induces apoptosis, lending further support for an antileukemic strategy combining novel histone deacetylase and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors.     

Histone deacetylase inhibitor LAQ824 down-regulates Her-2 and sensitizes human breast cancer cells to trastuzumab, taxotere, gemcitabine, and epothilone B

Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce hyperacetylation of the amino-terminal lysine residues of the core nucleosomal histones, which results in chromatin remodeling and altered gene expression. Present studies demonstrate that exposure to a novel hydroxamic acid analogue histone deacetylase inhibitor, LAQ824, induced p21WAF1 and p27KIP1 and caused growth arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer SKBR-3 and BT-474 cells that possess amplification and overexpression of Her-2/neu. Treatment with LAQ824 depleted the mRNA and protein levels of Her-2/neu-encoded Her-2, which was associated with attenuation of pAKT, c-Raf-1, and phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase levels. LAQ824 also induced the acetylation of heat shock protein (hsp) 90, resulting in inhibition of its binding to ATP, which has been shown to impair the chaperone association of hsp 90 with its client proteins, Her-2, AKT, and c-Raf-1. Consistent with this, treatment with LAQ824 shifted the binding of Her-2 from hsp 90 to hsp 70, promoting proteasomal degradation of Her-2. Thus, LAQ824 depletes Her-2 through two mechanisms: attenuation of its mRNA levels and promotion of its degradation by the proteasome. Following LAQ824 treatment, the cell membrane association, autotyrosine phosphorylation, and colocalization of Her-2 with HER-3 also declined. Cotreatment with LAQ824 significantly increased trastuzumab-induced apoptosis of BT-474 and SKBR-3 cells. This was associated with greater attenuation of Her-2, c-Raf-1, and pAKT levels. LAQ824 also enhanced taxotere-induced, epothilone B-induced, and gemcitabine-induced apoptosis of BT-474 and SKBR-3 cells. These findings suggest that LAQ824 is active against human breast cancer cells and has the potential to improve the efficacy of trastuzumab, taxotere, gemcitabine, and epothilone B against breast cancer with Her-2/neuamplification.     

Experimental therapy of malignant gliomas using the inhibitor of histone deacetylase MS-275

Inhibitors of histone deacetylases are promising compounds for the treatment of cancer but have not been systematically explored in malignant brain tumors. Here, we characterize the benzamide MS-275, a class I histone deacetylase inhibitor, as potent drug for experimental therapy of glioblastomas. Treatment of four glioma cell lines (U87MG, C6, F98, and SMA-560) with MS-275 significantly reduced cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(90), 3.75 micromol/L). Its antiproliferative effect was corroborated using a bromodeoxyuridine proliferation assay and was mediated by G(0)-G(1) cell cycle arrest (i.e., up-regulation of p21/WAF) and apoptotic cell death. Implantation of enhanced green fluorescent protein-transfected F98 glioma cells into slice cultures of rat brain confirmed the cytostatic effect of MS-275 without neurotoxic damage to the organotypic neuronal environment in a dose escalation up to 20 micromol/L. A single intratumoral injection of MS-275 7 days after orthotopic implantation of glioma cells in syngeneic rats confirmed the chemotherapeutic efficacy of MS-275 in vivo. Furthermore, its propensity to pass the blood-brain barrier and to increase the protein level of acetylated histone H3 in brain tissue identifies MS-275 as a promising candidate drug in the treatment of malignant gliomas.     

Antimalarial activity of the anticancer histone deacetylase inhibitor SB939

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes posttranslationally modify lysines on histone and nonhistone proteins and play crucial roles in epigenetic regulation and other important cellular processes. HDAC inhibitors (e.g., suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid [SAHA; also known as vorinostat]) are used clinically to treat some cancers and are under investigation for use against many other diseases. Development of new HDAC inhibitors for noncancer indications has the potential to be accelerated by piggybacking onto cancer studies, as several HDAC inhibitors have undergone or are undergoing clinical trials. One such compound, SB939, is a new orally active hydroxamate-based HDAC inhibitor with an improved pharmacokinetic profile compared to that of SAHA. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activities of SB939 were investigated. SB939 was found to be a potent inhibitor of the growth of Plasmodium falciparum asexual-stage parasites in vitro (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)], 100 to 200 nM), causing hyperacetylation of parasite histone and nonhistone proteins. In combination with the aspartic protease inhibitor lopinavir, SB939 displayed additive activity. SB939 also potently inhibited the in vitro growth of exoerythrocytic-stage Plasmodium parasites in liver cells (IC(50), ~150 nM), suggesting that inhibitor targeting to multiple malaria parasite life cycle stages may be possible. In an experimental in vivo murine model of cerebral malaria, orally administered SB939 significantly inhibited P. berghei ANKA parasite growth, preventing development of cerebral malaria-like symptoms. These results identify SB939 as a potent new antimalarial HDAC inhibitor and underscore the potential of investigating next-generation anticancer HDAC inhibitors as prospective new drug leads for treatment of malaria.     

Synergistic activity of the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid against prostate cancer cells in vitro

Bisphosphonates are widely used agents for the treatment of malignant bone disease. They inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and can have direct effects on cancer cells. In this study, we investigated whether the anticancer activity of the third-generation bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZOL) could be enhanced by combination with the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). We found that ZOL and SAHA cooperated to induce cell death in the prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3. The effect was synergistic, as evidenced by combination index isobologram analysis. ZOL and SAHA synergized to induce dissipation of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, to activate caspase-3, and to trigger DNA fragmentation, showing that the combination of ZOL and SAHA resulted in the initiation of apoptosis. Because ZOL acts by inhibiting the mevalonate pathway, thereby preventing protein prenylation, we explored whether the mevalonate pathway was also the target of the cooperative action of ZOL and SAHA. We found that geranylgeraniol, but not farnesol, significantly reduced ZOL/SAHA-induced cell death, indicating that the synergistic action of the agents was due to the inhibition of geranylgeranylation. Consistently, a direct inhibitor of geranylgeranylation, GGTI-298, synergized with SAHA to induce cell death, whereas an inhibitor of farnesylation, FTI-277, had no effect. In addition, SAHA synergized with mevastatin, an inhibitor of the proximal enzyme in the mevalonate pathway. These in vitro findings provide a rationale for an in vivo exploration into the potential of combining SAHA and ZOL, or other inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway, as an effective strategy for anticancer therapy.     

组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂丙戊酸钠对胃癌细胞浸润转移的影响

目的 探讨组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂丙戊酸钠对胃癌细胞侵袭、迁移能力的影响及其作用机制.方法 采用肿瘤细胞体外迁移实验和Tanswell小室侵袭模型评价丙戊酸钠对BGC-823细胞浸润转移能力的影响.同时检测BGC-823细胞中MMP-2、MMP-9的表达来探讨其作用机制.结果 对照组细胞培养24小时后迁移细胞数目较多,而丙戊酸钠试验组细胞迁移数目随药物浓度升高而逐渐减少（p〈0.001）;对照组穿过聚碳酯膜细胞数目明显高于药物实验组,差异具有显著意义（p〈0.001）;与对照组比较,试验组MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达被明显下调.结论 组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂丙戊酸钠可显著抑制胃癌细胞侵袭转移,通过调节染色体组蛋白乙酰化水平下调金属基质蛋白酶（MMP-2、MMP-9）表达可能是其发挥作用的主要机制之一.     

The histone deacetylase inhibitor suberic bishydroxamate regulates the expression of multiple apoptotic mediators and induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis of melanoma cells

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have attracted much interest because of their ability to arrest cell growth, induce cell differentiation, and in some cases, induce apoptosis of cancer cells. In the present study, we have examined a new HDAC inhibitor, suberic bishydroxamate (SBHA), for its effect on a panel of human melanoma cell lines. We report that it induces varying degrees of apoptosis in the melanoma lines but not in melanocytes and fibroblasts. Induction of apoptosis was caspase dependent and was associated with induction of changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability, which could be inhibited by overexpression of Bcl-2. The changes in mitochondria were independent of caspase activation and were associated with changes in conformation of Bax. SBHA down-regulated several key antiapoptotic proteins including X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis and the Bcl-2 family proteins, Bcl-XL and Mcl-1. In contrast, it induced up-regulation of the Bcl-2 family proapoptotic proteins, Bim, Bax, and Bak. In addition, SBHA induced relocation of the protein Bim to mitochondria and its association with Bcl-2. De novo protein synthesis was required for initiation of apoptosis in that the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, inhibited SBHA-induced conformational changes in Bax as well as changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability and activation of caspase-3. These results suggest that SBHA induces apoptosis by changing the balance between proapoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins in melanoma cells. The protein Bim may be a key initiator of apoptosis in cells treated with SBHA.     

丙戊酸钠协同5-氮-2'-脱氧胞苷对U266细胞RASSF1A基因表达调控的影响

目的 探讨DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂5-氮-2'-脱氧胞苷(5-Azs-CdR)联合组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂丙戊酸钠(VPA)对人多发性骨髓瘤细胞株U266细胞中Ras相关区域家族1基因(RASSF1)的表达调控以及对细胞生物学活性的影响.方法 5-Aza-CdR、VPA单独或联合干预U266细胞,甲基化特异性PCR(MS-PCR)法和实时荧光定量-PCR(RQ-PCR)法检测药物干预前后RASSF1A基因甲基化状态和RASSF1A mRNA的表达;MTT法检测细胞增殖活性;流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡及细胞周期的改变.结果 未经药物处理的U266细胞检测到RASSF1A基因启动子区域的高甲基化,RASSF1A基因微弱表达,5-Aza-CdR可逆转RASSF1A基因CpG岛高甲基化.诱导U266细胞RASSF1A基因呈剂量依赖性表达(P<0.05),VPA不能诱导U266细胞RASSFlA基因表达,联合用药组U266细胞RASSF1A mRNA的表达明显增强(P相似文献   

组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂SAHA诱导骨髓瘤细胞的凋亡

背景：SAHA是一种新型的组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂,目前有关其对多发性骨髓瘤细胞作用的研究还少见报道,而且其诱导细胞凋亡的分子机制还不十分清楚。目的：观察SAHA对多发性骨髓瘤细胞株U266细胞增殖和凋亡的影响,并分析其可能机制。方法：采用锥虫蓝拒染法、四氮唑蓝比色法检测SAHA对U266细胞增殖的影响。AllllexinV和PI染色后应用流式细胞仪检测SAHA作用U266细胞的凋亡率,Hoechst33342染色法检测凋亡细胞的形态。Western-blot方法检测信号转导通路Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk相关蛋白的表达水平。结果与结论：锥虫蓝拒染法和四氮唑蓝比色法均显示,SAHA可明显抑制U266细胞增殖,且具有时间剂量依赖性。0.5,2,4μmol/L SAHA作用U266细胞48h后,经流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率分别为（17.61±1.30）%,（43.13±3.80）%和（74.01±4.39）%,呈剂量依赖性（P〈0.05）。Hoechst33342染色荧光显微镜下可见,SAHA组细胞胞核出现明显的核固缩、核碎裂,而对照组改变不明显。Western-blot结果显示U266细胞经SAHA处理后,Raf-1和Erk蛋白的磷酸化水平受到明显抑制,药物作用48h时出现显著降低。提示SAHA抑制多发性骨髓瘤细胞株U266细胞增殖并诱导凋亡,信号转导通路Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk阻断是机制之一。     

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of 13-cis-retinoic acid in the treatment of neuroblastoma

There are a number of factors relating to the clinical pharmacology of 13-cis-Retinoic Acid (13-cisRA) which, taken together, provide a strong case for the potential benefit of a therapeutic monitoring approach to ensure that uniform plasma concentrations of 13-cisRA are achieved in all patients. Firstly, low dose, continuous use of 13-cisRA has been shown to provide limited or no clinical benefit in neuroblastoma patients, whereas a high-dose, intermittent regimen resulted in a significant improvement in event-free survival. This suggests that dose levels and therefore plasma concentrations of drug are important determinants of 13-cisRA efficacy. Secondly, the currently used 13-cisRA dosing regimen of 160 mg/m(2)/day results in a >10-fold variation in plasma concentrations, with plasma concentrations observed in a significant percentage of patients below those required for activity in neuroblastoma cells in vitro. Importantly, there would appear to be limited intra-patient variation in 13-cisRA plasma concentrations, i.e. those patients with lower 13-cisRA plasma concentrations following a single dose of 13-cisRA are likely to have similarly low concentrations following all doses of 13-cisRA on subsequent courses. As 13-cisRA is given as chronic treatment, those patients experiencing lower plasma concentrations on the current dosing regimen will potentially be exposed to sub-therapeutic concentrations of drug for the entire 6 month treatment period. While this type of pharmacokinetic monitoring approach may prove to be beneficial in the short term, an increased knowledge of pharmacogenetic factors influencing to the metabolism of 13-cisRA may ultimately allow us to identify patients who may be less likely to benefit from treatment due to an increased rate of parent drug metabolism. In this respect, pharmacogenetic studies assessing the relative expression levels or mutations in enzymes such as cytochrome P450 (CYP) and particularly CYP26 are needed to assess any potential association with rate of metabolism in vivo.     

Role of histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced reactive oxygen species and DNA damage in LAQ-824/fludarabine antileukemic interactions

The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production on DNA damage and potentiation of fludarabine lethality by the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI) LAQ-824 was investigated in human leukemia cells. Preexposure (24 h) of U937, HL-60, Jurkat, or K562 cells to LAQ-824 (40 nmol/L) followed by fludarabine (0.4 micromol/L) dramatically potentiated apoptosis (>or=75%). LAQ-824 triggered an early ROS peak (30 min-3 h), which declined by 6 h, following LAQ-824-induced manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn-SOD2) upregulation. LAQ-824/fludarabine lethality was significantly diminished by either ROS scavengers N-acetylcysteine or manganese (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin or ectopic Mn-SOD2 expression and conversely increased by Mn-SOD2 antisense knockdown. During this interval, LAQ-824 induced early (4-8 h) increases in gamma-H2AX, which persisted (48 h) secondary to LAQ-824-mediated inhibition of DNA repair (e.g., down-regulation of Ku86 and Rad50, increased Ku70 acetylation, diminished Ku70 and Ku86 DNA-binding activity, and down-regulated DNA repair genes BRCA1, CHEK1, and RAD51). Addition of fludarabine further potentiated DNA damage, which was incompatible with cell survival, and triggered multiple proapoptotic signals including activation of nuclear caspase-2 and release of histone H1.2 into the cytoplasm. The latter event induced activation of Bak and culminated in pronounced mitochondrial injury and apoptosis. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for understanding the role of early HDACI-induced ROS generation and modulation of DNA repair processes in potentiation of nucleoside analogue-mediated DNA damage and lethality in leukemia. Moreover, they show for the first time the link between HDACI-mediated ROS generation and the recently reported DNA damage observed in cells exposed to these agents.     

Butyric acid prodrugs are histone deacetylase inhibitors that show antineoplastic activity and radiosensitizing capacity in the treatment of malignant gliomas

Histone modification has emerged as a promising approach to cancer therapy. We explored the efficacy of a novel class of histone deacetylase inhibitors in the treatment of malignant gliomas. Treatment of glioma cell lines with two butyric acid derivatives, pivaloylomethyl butyrate (AN-9) and butyroyloxymethyl butyrate (AN-1), induced hyperacetylation, increased p21(Cip1) expression, inhibited proliferation, and enhanced apoptosis. Histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced apoptosis was mediated primarily by caspase-8. Treatment of cells with AN-1 or AN-9 for 24 hours before exposure to gamma-irradiation potentiated further caspase-8 activity and resultant apoptosis. Clonogenic survival curves revealed marked reductions in cell renewal capacity of U251 MG cells exposed to combinations of AN-1 and radiation. Preliminary in vivo experiments using human glioma cell lines grown as xenografts in mouse flanks suggest in vivo efficacy of AN-9. The data suggest that novel butyric acid prodrugs provide a promising treatment strategy for malignant gliomas as single agents and in combination with radiation therapy.     

Characterisation of the novel apoptotic and therapeutic activities of the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are compounds that target the epigenome and cause tumor cell-selective apoptosis. A large number of these agents that have different chemical structures and can target multiple HDACs are being testing in clinical trials and vorinostat is now an approved drug for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Although these agents are showing promise for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, it is possible that different drugs may have different mechanistic, biological, and therapeutic activities. When comparing an HDACi belonging to the hydroxamic acid class of compounds (vorinostat) with a cyclic tetrapeptide (romidepsin), we showed that these agents regulate the expression of a common set of cellular genes, but certain genes specifically responded to each agent. Using the Emu-myc mouse model of B-cell lymphoma, we showed previously that overexpression of the prosurvival proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL inhibited the apoptotic and therapeutic activities of the vorinostat. Herein, we compared and contrasted the apoptotic-inducing activities of the hydroxamic acid oxamflatin with romidepsin. Like vorinostat, oxamflatin was unable to kill lymphomas overexpressing Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, indicating that these proteins can generally protect cells against this class of HDACi. In contrast, romidepsin was able to induce apoptosis in lymphomas overexpressing Bcl-2 with delayed kinetics of cell death and could mediate therapeutic responses against these lymphomas. However, romidepsin was inactive when Bcl-XL was overexpressed. These data provide strong support that HDACi of different chemical classes may have subtle yet potentially important differences in their molecular and biological activities.     

辛二酰苯胺异羟肟酸联合化疗对胃癌细胞增殖影响的动物实验研究

目的:通过动物模型研究组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂辛二酰苯胺异羟肟酸(SAHA)联合化疗对胃癌细胞株增殖的影响。方法:构建胃癌细胞株hBGC-823裸鼠移植瘤模型,随机分为6组:对照组、SAHA组、奥沙利铂组、氯尿嘧啶组、SAHA+奥沙利铂组、SAHA+氯尿嘧啶组。分别给予相应的处理因素,测定胆固醇、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、血清胆红素、尿素氮、肌酐和白细胞、红细胞、血小板、裸鼠体重、瘤重等数据,计算肿瘤生长抑制率、移植瘤的体积,进行统计分析。结果:与对照组比,各治疗组均显示出肿瘤体积缩小及肿瘤生长抑制率增加(P<0.05);在治疗组间两两相比,奥沙利铂加SAHA组显示出最大限度的肿瘤体积的缩小及肿瘤生长抑制率增加(P<0.05),在含有化疗药物奥沙利铂或者氟尿嘧啶的治疗组中,均出现裸鼠体重下降、白细胞计数下降、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平升高、血清胆红素水平升高(P<0.05);在单一的奥沙利铂(或者氟尿嘧啶)组与奥沙利铂(或者氟尿嘧啶)联合SAHA的比较中,这四项指标均未显示出差异(P>0.05)。结论:在动物模型实验中,SAHA与化疗药物奥沙利铂(或者氟尿嘧啶)联合治疗胃癌能协同增效而未增加副作用。     

5-氨基酮戊酸光动力效应对体外培养人恶性黑素瘤细胞的物理学干预特征

目的:探讨5-氨基酮戊酸(5-ALA)光动力学效应(5-ALA-PDT)对体外培养人恶性黑素瘤细胞的物理学干预作用,为进一步进行体内的实验研究提供实验依据。方法:实验于2004-04/11在解放军第三军医大学西南医院中心实验室将体外培养的人黑素瘤A-375细胞分别加入不同浓度的5-ALA(0.5,1,1.5,2mmol/L)孵育6h,予波长652nm半导体激光照射,照射的功率密度为15.6mW/cm2,照射剂量分别为0,2,5,10,20J/cm2,继续孵育12h,用四唑盐(MTT)比色法测定细胞存活率。结果:①5-ALA作为内源性光敏剂原卟啉IX(PpIX)的前体物被黑素细胞瘤摄取后产生过量的原卟啉IX,用652nm的激光照射能对黑素瘤A-375产生杀伤作用,其杀伤细胞的程度与5-ALA的浓度和光照剂量成正相关(P<0.01),但是当5-ALA的浓度达到1.5mmol/L以上时其杀伤细胞的作用无显著增加。②在加入5-ALA而无激发光源的情况下,细胞所产生的原卟啉IX对细胞的生存不产生明显影响(P>0.05)。结论:5-氨基酮戊酸在体外可以对黑素瘤细胞产生光动力学效应。