Xenotransplantation literature update, January-February 2012

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update, January–February 2012. Xenotransplantation 2012; 19: 133–136 © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update, March to April 2012

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update, March to April 2012. Xenotransplantation 2012; 19: 207–211. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update, May to June 2012

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update, May to June 2012. Xenotransplantation 2012; 19: 265–268.. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update,July–August 2012

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update, July to August 2012. Xenotransplantation 2012; 19: 323–325. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update, November-December 2011

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update, November—December 2011. Xenotransplantation 2012; 19; 65–69. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update: May–October, 2009

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update: May–October, 2009.
Xenotransplantation 2009; 16: 555–562. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update, May-June 2011

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update, May–June 2011. Xenotransplantation 2011; 18: 262–266. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update, July-October 2011

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update, July–October 2011. Xenotransplantation 2011; 18: 400–404. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update, January-February 2011

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update, January–February 2011. Xenotransplantation 2011; 18: 147–150. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update: November-December, 2010

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update: November–December, 2010.
Xenotransplantation 2011; 18: 73–76. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update: November 2009–January 2010

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update: November 2009–January 2010. Xenotransplantation 2010; 17: 166–170. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update: April–May, 2010

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update: April–May, 2010.
Xenotransplantation 2010; 17: 324–327. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update: February–March, 2010

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update: February–March, 2010.
Xenotransplantation 2010; 17: 256–260. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update, March-April 2011

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update, March – April 2011. Xenotransplantation 2011; 18: 209–213. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Xenotransplantation literature update June-October 2010

Schneider MKJ, Seebach JD. Xenotransplantation literature update June – October 2010. Xenotransplantation 2010; 17: 481–488. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Anti‐gal antibodies in α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene‐knockout pigs

Fang J, Walters A, Hara H, Long C, Yeh P, Ayares D, Cooper DKC, Bianchi J. Anti‐gal antibodies in α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene‐knockout pigs. Xenotransplantation 2012; 19: 305–310. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract Serum anti‐galactose‐α1,3‐galactose (Gal) IgM and IgG antibody levels were measured by ELISA in α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene‐knockout (GTKO) pigs (78 estimations in 47 pigs). A low level of anti‐Gal IgM was present soon after birth, and rose to a peak at 4–6 m, which was maintained thereafter even in the oldest pigs tested (at >2 yr). Anti‐Gal IgG was also present at birth, peaked at 3 m, and after 6 m steadily decreased until almost undetectable at 20 m. No differences in this pattern were seen between pigs of different gender. Total IgM followed a similar pattern as anti‐Gal IgM, but total IgG did not decrease after 6m. The data provide useful baseline data for future experimental studies in GTKO pigs, e.g., relating to the antibody response to WT pig allografts.     

Pig‐to‐human xenotransplantation summit in Changsha,China

Cooper DKC, Schuurman H‐J. Pig‐to‐human xenotransplantation summit in Changsha, China. Xenotransplantation 2012; 19: 327–328. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: On August 18 to 19, 2012, a meeting “Pig‐to‐Human Xenotransplantation Summit” was held in Changsha, Hunan, China, by Dr. Wei Wang. This summit highlighted important progress in the field in China. We here present a report from this meeting.     

Xenotransplantation literature update January-February, 2006

Baertschiger RM, Buhler LH. Xenotransplantation Literature Update January–February, 2006. Xenotransplantation 2006; 13: 272–276. © Blackwell Munksgaard, 2006     

A record of international meetings on xenotransplantation 1988-2010

Cooper DKC, Groth C‐G. A Record of International Meetings on Xenotransplantation 1988–2010. Xenotransplantation 2011; 18: 229–231. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.     

Immortalized porcine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells: an in vitro model of xenotransplantation-induced thrombocytopenia

Wang Z‐Y, Paris LL., Chihara RK., Tector AJ., Burlak C. Immortalized porcine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells: an in vitro model of xenotransplantation‐induced thrombocytopenia. Xenotransplantation 2012; 19: 249–255.. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: Background: Xenotransplantation has the potential to solve the critical shortage of human organs available for allotransplantation. The major barrier to porcine liver xenotransplantation is sequestration of human platelets causing thrombocytopenia. Porcine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) bind and phagocytose human platelets at least in part through binding of the asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1). Our purpose was to generate an immortalized porcine LSEC (iLSEC) line that mimics primary LSEC in ASGR1 expression and phagocytosis of human platelets. Porcine iLSEC would enable continued study of xenotransplantation‐induced thrombocytopenia in vitro with fewer animals sacrificed. Methods:  Primary domestic porcine LSEC were transduced with lentiviral vector expressing the large and small T antigen of SV40 (SV40 TAg). The phenotype and genotype of the immortalized LSEC were compared with primary LSEC. Results:  A total of eight clones expressing SV40 TAg were isolated, and one clone was subcultured and analyzed for growth, phenotype, and function during passages 15–40. Expression of the SV40 TAg was confirmed by confocal microscopy and western blot. MTS cell proliferation assay demonstrated that the clone rapidly grew in culture medium with 2–10% fetal bovine serum. iLSEC expressed the endothelial cell marker, CD31, as determined by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Activation of iLSEC by treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in upregulation of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL 6) by qPCR and ELISA. iLSEC phagocytosed human serum albumin and latex beads as measured by flow cytometry. Human platelets were phagocytosed by immortalized porcine LSEC. Conclusions:  Immortalized porcine LSEC retain a phagocytic phenotype, making them a good model for the study of xenotransplantation‐induced thrombocytopenia and may provide further insight into the phagocytic role of LSEC.