Lead determination in blood by atomic absorption spectroscopy

This paper describes a one-tube sample preparation method for blood lead determination which is relatively simple to perform and which does not require background correction for matrix effects. The red cells are lysed with a dilute potassium cyanide solution and heat. A citrate buffer is added, and the solution is then extracted with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and methyl isobutyl ketone. An aliquot of the MIBK layer is applied to a carbon rod atomizer and the peak at 217.0 nm is measured. The method demonstrates an overall in-run reproducibility of 1.39 microgram/100 mL blood standard deviation, a between-run standard deviation of 2.27 microgram/100 mL blood and a sensitivity of 0.012 microgram/mL/1% nm.     

Direct determination of chromium in urine by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

A simple, direct method for the determination of chromium levels in urine is described, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry having been used after the urine samples had been acidified. The optimal conditions at the ashing and atomization stages was determined. The detection limit of this method is 5 nmol/1, and the coefficient of variation (within day) is about 3% in the concentration range 20--400 nmol/1. Use of a low temperature asher with electrically excited oxygen before analysis gave results similar to those of the direct procedure. Good correlation was obtained from two other laboratories using different instruments and pretreatments.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿中钼

选择和优化石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定条件,建立尿中钼测定方法.运用数理统计方法选择硝酸镁为基体改进剂,正交实验设计优化石墨炉升温程序,工作曲线外标法定量.结果 显示,方法检出限0.9 μg/L,定量下限3.0 μg/L,回收率95.8％ ～ 102.5％,精密度(RSD)2.1％～5.4％.基于正交设计优化实验条件建立的测...     

Determination of diethyllead in the urine by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry

A method for the determination of diethyllead in urine by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry after chelation with glyoxal-bis (2-hydroxyanil) and extraction of the formed complex with methyl isobutyl ketone is described. The method is specific in relation to both triethyllead and inorganic lead. The limit of detection was 3.2 micrograms Pb/l and the relative standard deviation in the concentration range 20-100 micrograms Pb/l was 0.076.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿铬

以硝酸镁为化学改进剂,标准曲线法定量,50%硝酸处理尿样,Zeeman石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接测定尿液中微量铬。结果显示,该方法的检出限为0.10μg/L,尿样的相对标准偏差(RSD)1.34%～8.33%,回收率91.9%～101.8%。本法灵敏度高、精密度与准确度较好,适用于尿铬的测定。     

直接测定尿中锰含量的石墨炉原子吸收光谱法

目的 建立一种快速有效的尿中锰含量的石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定方法.方法 用基体改进剂0.1％ PdC12/0.5％TritonX-100/1％ HNO3对尿样稀释后直接采用塞曼-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿中锰含量.结果 该法尿中锰含量在0～10 μg/L范围内线性良好,r=0.999 4,最低检出量为0.014μg/L,两个不同锰浓度的尿样的精密度为4.23％和3.95％,不同浓度样品加标回收率在97.5％～ 106.0％之间.结论 该法是快速、简便、灵敏、准确可靠的尿中锰含量检测方法.     

尿中汞的热分解齐化原子吸收法

目的直接使用测汞仪,建立测定尿汞含量的新方法。方法采用热分解齐化法原子吸收法,直接测定尿中汞的含量。结果回归方程:A=0.046 62C;相关系数:R=0.999 9;线性范围0.20～12.5 ng;精密度1.2%～6.5%;样品加标回收率为92.8%;对尿汞标准物质测定9次,平均值为(32.0±0.8)μg/L,结果均在证书给出的不确定度范围内;对实际样品测定,进样量0.1 ml时,其结果均0.46μg/L。结论该方法操作简便快速,各项指标可满足尿汞的测定。     

石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定尿中镉

目的:探讨化学改进剂对石墨炉原子吸收法测定尿中镉的影响,找出能稳定、灵敏、准确地测定尿镉的化学改进剂。方法:采用各种不同的化学改进剂,观察排除测定样品的效果、曲线的线性范围及相关系数等,对尿镉的检测方法进行探讨。结果:经不同的化学改进剂的筛选,实验证明用金属涂层平台石墨管,配合使用脲和硝酸镁化学改进剂稀释尿液进行测定效果最佳。结论:采用金属涂层平台石墨管,配合使用脲和硝酸镁化学改进剂能有效的提高石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿镉的准确度,减少或消除基体的干扰,重现性较好,是一种较理想的测定尿镉的方法。     

Determination of diethyllead in the urine by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry.

A method for the determination of diethyllead in urine by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry after chelation with glyoxal-bis (2-hydroxyanil) and extraction of the formed complex with methyl isobutyl ketone is described. The method is specific in relation to both triethyllead and inorganic lead. The limit of detection was 3.2 micrograms Pb/l and the relative standard deviation in the concentration range 20-100 micrograms Pb/l was 0.076.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿中铅不确定度评定

目的研究石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿中铅含量不确定度的评定,找出影响不确定度的因素。方法用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿中铅,根据CNAS-CL07《测量不确定度评定与表示》有关规定分析不确定度的来源。结果合成标准不确定度为0.013 9μmol/L,扩展不确定度为0.027 8μmol/L。结论石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定尿中铅的过程中重复测定是该方法不确定度的主要来源。     

Cadmium determination in urine by atomic absorption spectrometry as a screening test in industrial medicine

Lehnert, G., Klavis, G., Schaller, K. H., and Haas, T. (1969).Brit. J. industr. Med.,26, 156-158. Cadmium determination in urine by atomic absorption spectrometry as a screening test in industrial medicine. Cadmium was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry in the urine and serum of 18 workers exposed to cadmium dust and fume in a zinc smelting plant. In all cases the concentrations of cadmium in the serum were within the normal range, but those in the urine were elevated. The elevated urine concentrations showed that the exposed group had taken up more cadmium than normal, although they showed no clinical symptoms of cadmium poisoning. Analysis of urine for cadmium is therefore of value in preventive medicine, and should be used for periodic check-ups on those occupationally exposed.